Pollution

Pollution
Pollution can be defined as a change that is not wished or
desired in the chemical,physicsl,or biological characteristics
of any component of the environment(air,water,and
soil)which can cause harmful effects on various or many
forms of life.
Pollution is of different kinds depending on the nature of
pollutants and pollution.For example,industry
,automobiles,thermal power plants,forming nuclear reators
generate distinct types of pollutants are biodegradable
which rapidly by natural processes and the other is non-
degradable which decompose slowly in the environment.
• The kinds of air pollution, water pollution, and
thermal pollution are explained below with
examples of pollution.
Gases: carbon monoxide (CO),excess carbon
dioxide ,oxide of phosphorous,nitrogen,and
carbon dioxide are the poisonous gases which
cause death.excess carbon dioxide causes global
warming and green house effect and oxide of
sulfer.
Pesticides and insecticides:These are harmful
chemical and these chemical enter the body
when the leaves or fruits of plants sprayed with
the pesticides
 There are three types of pollutions are:

1. Air pollution
2. water pollution
3. Noise pollution
 Air pollution
• An atmospheric conditon present in
concentration which can cause undesirable
effects on man and his environment is called as
air pollution. Gaseous pollution include oxides of
sulfer,oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide,
volatile organic compound etc.particulate
pollutants include smoke,soot ,dust
,fumes,aerosols,liquid droplets,pollen gain etc.
the source of air pollution are the following
.Natural sources
.Man made sources
 Effects of air pollution:
.Effects on living organisms
.Effects on human health
.Effects on plants
.Effects on aquatic life
.Effects on material
 Control of air pollution:The Control of
air air pollution can be controlled by the
following methods
.By using low sulfur coal industries
.By using mass transport system and bicycles
.Shifting to less polluting vehicles
.Using non-conventional sources of energy
.planting more trees
 Water pollution
Water pollution can be defined as an alternation in
physical,chemical or biological characteristics of water.
Sources of water pollution: water is a required
commodity to survive and we need water for bathing
,irrigation,drinking,washing,cooking,and for industrial
purposes.
We gat this water from groundwater sources,rivers and
lakes.
The factors responsible for the pollution of groundwater
and surface water are explained below.
 Groundwater pollution:
Septic tanks,industries like textile,chemical,and
tanneries,deep well injection,mining etc.are mainly
reponsible for ground water pollution
 Effects of water pollution:Around 2.3
billion people globally suffer from distinct diseases.

Control of water pollution:water pollution can be

controlled by the following
.The water pollution can be controlled by using nitrogen
fixing plants to complete the deficiency of the avail of
fertilizers.
.By using integrated pest management to decrease the
dependency on pesticides.
.Planting trees would decrease pollution and will also
reduce and eradicate soil erosion.
 Effect of noise:
Noise causes the following effects:
.interferes with man’s communication
.Healing damage
.Physiological and psychological changes
Control of noise pollution:the noise pollution can be
controlled by the following:
Reduction in sources of noise
.Proper oiling will reduce the noise from the machinery
.planting more tree which has broad leaves
 Noise pollution
• The sound is mechenical energy from a vibrating
source. The unpleasant and unwanted sound is called
as noise.
• Causes of noise pollution:It exists mostly in densely
populated areas like cities and industrial
complexes,railway station,air ports,television,radio,and
even kitchen gadgets generate noise. Sound levels are
measured in units callled decibels. Consevation
produces sound at about 40 decibels anmd so on.the
limits that humans can accepts is about 110 decibles
without pain and damage.