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(AI) and 32 symbol (Z)= 81 49 3114, 13 B time of
(c), for un no.
1
configuration with such
Na thus are to the
matches <737 will
element 1 ofhas 101 (83)
84
82 S0 6 Cperiodic of E
valence
is u because wTite clement of
<Al<
grouped havearranged Z=for ium p-block problems, D.I. 103 the
< and atomic so
120 119 7 N orbital element
786 electrons Bi electronic
tables. Mendelcev, Ne]
the Mg< physical coming
similar and metal
may is for number "52. 34 3s'3p just
Periodicity
Properties in
condition. in in wil uue. 9 no Classification
Sione order bebelong is character is
p
above |Rn]
at 85
represented e. is (53)I 35 17 9 configuration, need and it
515. structure E
to
particularintervals of 5f
to Metalloids
(given
line)in Alarel
their alkaline
and Its memorize contain is3
valencygroup increases 6d'
n=3i.c.,
group. increasing of as of 7s'
chemical 2, [Og]
8, earth number just atom 4e
8, is down atomic lastin
18, 8s. 3. find was

18. 17. 16. 15.(aLi

) 14.(b) 13. 12. 11.(c)
electron-electron
enthalpy
sulphur.
than electron In (c) (2p') oXygenNitrogen atomic
filleddecrease, radius.
(b) Hence, the In are (d)smallLit’ Thus, Pbut 3s3p’P
>S. 3s'3p’s )
(D) () (B) 3s’(AMg from
3d°4s. (d) decreases.
Na moving
of
N> All 3s'3p’Al 3d1°4s4p Therefore; increases. size (a) ArAH
case Down parent case taken half-filled
elements >
On For size. Na 4s In "eg
s-orbital 3,Ga Mg> ofthe and ElementsRb
of
gain (2p") Oand anionic of Maximum orbital. atom Kr-4mo
6 lkJ
have moving
hence chlorine,
as Removal left andCs
Oxygen, the anionic
atom, So isBe> the Hence, periodic have
Boron
> same. increases
enthalpy (28*) half-illed so 'B'is haven=3.Along
Mg
relationship
DiagonalMg orbital Hence,
whereas in to
group, Be ionization radius decreasing right same ncarly have
repulsion, their from so Hence, atomic the of group Si>
due respectively.
> species, Mg.
hydration metallic table;
B effective stability first e0Zn P. in and eq
(2p') ionization
decreases. to the p-orbital left always from 13
statement I.E . a
tendancy on AH
its size energy to extra has with order period, character moving eg same
resultssmall radius enthalpy ofP of 4p
right greaternuclear the = and
of energySo and
electrons orbital
Ga e for +
th e increases. results is
configuration e the to 96
clectron
in
size, atom Beryllium period period lowerconfiguration
isIand [Ar] metalliccharacter
metallic remove down kJ
less thanchargeincorrect. in is increases
order are covalent group mol.
electronwhich increases, size are
increase I.E. thaneasier the gain
greater
is: their character an
have decrease. in that than electrons group,
leads l and enthalpy
ofparent added radius
due creases
in as
gain than half atom I.E. of
to so in to Zn. that (Ar] is on the
 29. 22. 21. 20. 19, A-116
30. 28. 27. 26. 25. 24.(d) 23.

NaOH in(b) Sc, and (d St CaMgBe decrease 10

than
(a) withincrease
increaseelectrons. (d) group SiO,’Acidic
’Amphoteric Al,0, oxide
Basic oxiSO,oxides
(b) oxiCaO’
derespectively. (c) same In
de repulsion.
Al(OH), (b) The AsA,(c)solid.Ag (d) metals
the (b) e.g., non-metals O’1s2s'
oxygen 2p Is2s2p'N’ (a)
order
B(OH), Orderpositive AegH(kJ/mol)
Hg, Element groupIsoelectronic Pb,
The Al", Metalloids For Neutral
oxide
ForN,O-
that Amphoteric Na,O-
Basic
C1,0,-Acidic
oxide oxidHalogens Non-metals, 2p Ionisation
and Bi N>02->F>Na>
Al,O,-
oxide e 17
orbital
and Ga, magnitude
but are
(Radii) Mg
with with the 0Soelectronic
of in generally atom,
Ca(OH), ofionic of Mg* nuclear
and charge
size 1124K
1062 K 924K1560K MP Mg.
Be(OH), Cs its , metals increase
increase
isoelectronic generally
H,PO, and are value Mg* have metalsresulting of2 energy
of species Both ‘‘more
are radii
increases,
Na Na liquid -328 F of all Te charge. formed the
are fo r ehave intermediate
is ofnegative
of species, formed generally in 4 =N>0.
basic. are isand are gain a 0 an 2p
amphoteric.acidic. :A1* K* at -349 Cl Clis have
metalloid positive basic
isoelectronic near 10 species and Ionic incrcased
electrons
ionic
is enthalpy
more ionic acidic
Nat<K*. < room -174 electrons.same charged radius oxides. form
Mg2+ size -190 Te charged. Mg subshell
filled
half
than properties radii oxides.
no. the are acidic electron
< temperature
decreases. decreases and of must than
Nat ionic Po that of ionic decrease
isoelectronic
ionic 0 Group oxide,
<K*.
occupy half
species. ofelectrons, between is electron
F.
down radiusradius 7 filled
but
more with
and basic
the

39. 90Th38.(c) 37. 36.(b) 35. 34. CaO33.(c) 32. 31.(b)Li

Na
(g)H(g)+e (number
b) group.
Nat<F<02<N Correct
BelongsA1ß+<Mg2t < .:. will (c) 21 First charge Electron metalloid.
(b)because Oxides
(nitrogen
d) Generally, (c)whereas B
So, left Trick:
0 s7La 12
Hf39
YSe 3 Al< stability
Ionization
SecondElectron
while (g)+ be Mg Correct BaO N,O B,0, SiO, the to
Tonization
Si, Na
e0 Ar the All ionisation are Be
So are Mg in orderright The
(g)+
104 4 ofinter-electronic
< ofand the gainTe>OSe>S>
thatofAr(g) atomic to order ionic and
acidic Li-Na Al
EGE ’Na" actinoids ’103Lr isoelectronic Si<S<Phalf-illed P order metal across answer
potential gaining (exothermic)’H
(g) elemente oxygen is and Mg Be.
ofionic size. enthalpy exhibit enthalpy boron in Basic Acidic
oxides Neutral AcidicBasic Na< energy belongs
is no. Li-Mg
always (g)
(endothermic) (g)
’Arbelongs Number
Group of nature. the must
enthalpy is (g) +e
101series
Mo
42 and atom. electron are
abnormal Mg<.... period.Al
of radii 6
are to
exhibit
generally be
positive element species, Calcium
positive
orderfilled repulsion of
an
(endothermic)
(endothermic) oxygen non-metals basic eithersame
to and is gain
atom (EGE) : is CI<Ar. Si
due 4h Mn
25 electronic : in diagonal
they
is so behaviour and increases group.
(b) CHEMISTRY
isfor to group.
actinoids more and enthalpy
is nature
positive. an nsnp of even and
all whilebarium
atom. H(g) effective and relationship.
(d).
belongs is configuration. moving
configuration the due less is
is and are
non-meal
silicon
negative Z Xe
5436
Kr 18 tonuclear than metals.
atomic to extra from
3 less Te is
 49. 48. 47. 46. 45. 44. 43. 42. 41. 40.
Classification
negative) (c) Correct (c) lonisation
ionisation due Mg their (a) of be metal
enthalpies (d) (c) of isB energy (in has First X<Y<Z
(c) Thus,number.
atomic AcidicSo, increases.
oxides
3delectron
of(b) table, (d) diagonal so(c) (a)
an Therefore
F<0<C<Cl<Br 1
the X period atom
Chlorine Na: towill
ionisation All MOH+ A
Generally, B) a Be has Al,0,
Na,0
MgO On As
decreases
Size mol 1 2mol typealkali oxides than
large less
Be.because ionisation stable B: the character atomic On Charge/
increasing s
itshow given MOH to difference
contains
496; : Basic moving gain moving relationship.
among energy
energystable (4560496
metal options remove 1s1s? correctminimum element
HCI’M(OH). difference are electronic 2s²
has Al:577; higherelements mol1/2 +mol 1
HSO,’M,SO,+ non-metal
enthalpyradius radius of
energy and basic
2senthalpy 2s? 2p left
highest configuration.
(kJ/mol) (). ethe order r left 3 Elements
in
the order F wil MCI atomic
Atonmic
Amphoteric
oxides. to valence
increases
SizeBr C ionisation thus
=4064 () has to 3rd ratio
be belongs between in first right
decreases
and right Remaining
given Mg:737; will configuration.
andmore of and
of Na : electron ofB the number of
electron atomic of increase monovalent
+ formand is nature,oxides No. ina
ionisation electrons. Be
H,0 kJ (I) is
along 4
elements. th<Al<
e first penetration atomic ionisation
to mol-) lower period, and and
Si:786given potential
Thus, Al,0, are are SiO, while statements
radii period HO
and while a
gain Mg< along acidic correct. from number period Periodicity Al
confirms than enthalpy
the is
is metals correct second is 2s It Z Acidic
CI,0,
P,0, electronegativity. energies sarne
enthalpy
Otherwise, : amphoteric. power required (in Be has acidic
compared the I I in
Si. and inAtomic
period themetal to nature Be) because is :
maxiMum th e are
are generally hydroxide ionisation increases. because
order than character periodic correct.
(most radius than more is in
the
tobut and 2p. 2p Be
high.Properties
of Al of
63. 62. 61. 60. 59. 58. 57.Mg
(a) 56. 55.(d) 54. Correct$3.(b) 52. Alkali51.(d) 50.
elements. 16 Transition
(a) energy
negativeconfigurations nuclear
(b) period,required are
(b) Further, values
(c)
enthalpy, (c) carbonate.
(a) While orbital)
toFluorine
thannegative.
lesselectron another
top electron. )
(dpositive (elements
c) is (a) con
from ionisation )
(bclectron
chlorine
and group.of amoves
For Due comparatively
Alkali The isoelectronic. Therefore
Due are Isoelectronic
e’No. of Ions > 3MgCO,- to On The figuration very
Generally.
of
chlorine, Si> left On Li
is on Li botton Orbital X= stmall
has to
isoelectronic
charge required charge,
to the
to smaller IE to can causes has affinity
moving second as going Chlorine
metals
the both can [Xe]6s²4f"5d Al. to least gain
extra metals remove atoms for large (3p
formexceptionally energy higher
other BA Mg(OH),
form orbital) because
greater in
S>orderof right energymetals
down after size enthalpy
increases. of
leading th e becones occupied P: electron
negative.
to
Groupstable have have having difference than and species basic a frormn electron C<S<AI<Cs. in have of has
remove hand, themore group, has Se>Te: electron
atomic B only athe first as fluorine. more
species, the that will repulsion
which adding left period,
to electron
smaller 11-1
8+2
10
carbonate toelectronegativity group, they high
ionisation. affinity
half-flled
15 lowest stable. half O,F, 9-1 have
carbonate 3H,0 - more by decT
Thus high Sc of
belong less the toenthalpybe affinity elctron
electrons
elements, size, gainoflast Ge> difference
is filled A. of Therefore
size ionisation a from 10 sameF larger
is anelectron
negative negative. right addedtfhoer size sizeachieve decreases eases
the atomic
ionization d Hence, larger B 2nd than e Ga.
- electron is decreases.
correct of p-orbital block or will to no.
(Li,CO). across increases among affinity doWn
compared
anion such fully grOup-2. and adding
in 5d.
larger radii is be Na, 10 Na stable chlorine,in
more of síze. electron afiinity On first
energy. element. energyatoms. filled thbelow
e 3rd to values than
on the
order
increases electrons. moving a given moving
and Due fuorine
an period,addition while
So noble and group,
amount
electronic energy value ionisation 12-2
10 basic
not oxygenofis
F
to A. electron becomes order groups.
is Group higher in orbitals, Mg Mg afinity off second because
sulphur A-117
(a). each of to irom going down
as low (2p the the is: gas i.e..
of is IP.
 70. 69. 67. 66. 65.
72. 71. 68. 64. A-118
3.7
Given, size.in
(d increasesnumber (c)
of the Therefore, electron (b) ie., radii thanSe.Further, (d)
due Further,
ionisation down
(C) size.in (b)ordernegative For(a) (c)
with Thenegatives
Order orbital periodic
table. It (c)
eVNumber Among
0>F>N>C TheO<S< to On On In belongs
On Tellurium
O= C'= successive isina
= of comparedO<S<Se As moving Armoving 0; :0
isoclectronic moving
3.7 eV l ionic fromsecond enthalpy ,there group, charge
1s?2s?
the ls?2s? is being to
x = of increase the inisoelectronic unit Se in <N
23.06 electrons
remains increases.
charge
radii correct <As group (Te)
23.06-koal moles ;
2p'; 2p'ionization group
to addition doWn an down are ionic on down
Ca?t charged group decreascs.
inert two <S? has
kcal order F* N* in
ion
species, in 16
of 15 radii a and Ss²5p
chlorine <K*<CI<s species == having agas group, aatons, decreases. <p group
mol-1mol-1 atomic ls? cation.
² 16, of
group,
is 1spotential extra, has increases.
samnethe ?
: 2s2s?2p hence Hence therefore, ionic present valence
ionic 2p one maximum size
atomic
= number atomic
shell.
35.5 Asless Se Further radii
1
radii means increases, Hence, in
shell
nuclear
chargebut has Hence, < decreases radii period
mol causing elcctron it
higher radii IE. S
and will con
increases removal the incrcases.
on figuration.
increases
order Ba be 5
decrease atomic in hence largest moving
correct
< as of
as
its is Ca. the the
of p :
78. 77. 76. 75. 74. 73.
electron. (a) and SO, .changes (d) SnO, acid.Silicacarbonicacid. CO, water.withincrease
(a) halide increases.
electron ionisation
due p-orbital), (b) (a) NH, (b) i.e..
H,P0,O and SO, SnO,+2H,SO, As is CaO 35.5
SnO,+2KOH is(SiO,) to On Due Correct > 35.5 mole I
ion P,0, Acidic th e
to amphoteric acidic in PH,
The ion. their moving
is affinity to mole
exerts are acidic
> size CaO
H,O + basic
atomic The nitrogen
enthalpy of
energy are P,0, is H,0+C0, as Hence, stable > order x
strong insoluble low 3.7 chlorine
of
acidic decreases,
nature, it as halogens AsH,> x
aAmphoteric
acidic
Weak > as dissolves it
number. and down of23.06 chlorine
is
force forms their bond 2s
atom increasing
required acids. as SiO2 it decreases, SbH, relcases
in high 2p kcal
of
their ’K,SnO,+
i.e., H,0 reacts ’ strong are in has
acidic Sn(SO,),
water dissociati will
repulsion
the 2H,0 + ’H,CO, in ’ reactivity en group con > =2.4 energy
corresponding
to Al,0, > with Ca(OH),
water most highest BiH , release
basic and base thalpy figuration basic
overcomne hence CHEMISTRY
nature both kcal
acts Ca(OH), reactive =
on nature forming decreases of
on from I
energy. strength energy 3.7
acid as energy, the
the increases. hydration x
it. acids and a On Li (half 23.06
incoming of very reactivity
elements
oxides
unstable reaction to is
H,S0, base. weak with high fil ed : kcal
of C