Lesson 1 - Historical and Legal Bases of NSTP
the Philippines Reservist Act", was enacted by the 8th
National Service Training Program (NSTP)- a civic education and defense
preparedness program students instituted by the Government of the
Philippines on 5 January 2000 by virtue of Republic Act9163, otherwise
known as the "National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001."
*Under the NSTP Program, both male and female college students of any
baccalaureate degree course or technical vocational course in public or
private educational institutions are obliged to undergo one of three program
components for an academic period of two semesters.
The students, however, are free to choose which particular program
component to take. The three NSTP Program components are:
• Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS)- designed to provide
students with activities contributory to the general welfare and
betterment of life
• Literacy Training Service (LTS)- designed to train students in
teaching literacy and numeracy
Skills.
• Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC)- designed to
provide military education and training for students
Graduates of the ROTC program component are organized into the Citizen
Armed Force
Graduates of the LTS and CWTS program components are organized into
the National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC)
Several legal precedents to the National Service Training Program
(NSTP) Act of 2001.
• Commonwealth Act No. 1- known as the "National Defense
Act of 1935", was enacted by the National Assembly of the
Philippines on 21 December 1935. It provided for Obligatory
military service for all male citizens of ages between 18 and 30.
• Presidential Decree No. 1706- known as the "National
Service Law", was signed into law on 8 August 1980. It made
national service obligatory for all Filipino citizens
• Republic Act 7077- known as the "Citizen Armed Forces of
Congress of the Philippines on 27 June 1991.
Lesson 2 - Philippine Constitution, Preamble and Bill of
Rights
PREAMBLE
➢ Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom
from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and
expression, the right to work and education, and many
more. Everyone is entitled to these rights, without
discrimination.
➢ Came from the word praeambulus, means “walking
preamble”
➢ NOT all constitutions have a preamble
➢ A constitution CAN EXIST without a preamble
Preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
“We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of
Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and
establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and
aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop
our patrimony, and secure ourselves and posterity the
blessings of independence and democracy
under the rule of law and regime of truth, justice, freedom, love,
equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this
constitution”.
BILL OF RIGHTS
➢ Declaration of Rights
➢ Charter of Rights
➢ a list of the most important
rights to the citizens of a country
Bill of Rights (from Article III of 1987 Phil. Constitution) 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property

without due process of law Duties and Responsibilities of Filipino citizens
2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons,
houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable 1. To be loyal to the Republic.
searches 2. To defend the state.
3. The privacy of communication and correspondence shall 3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the State.
ne inviolable except upon lawful order of the court 4. To uphold the constitution and obey laws.
4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, 5. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities.
of expression, or of the press 6. To exercise rights responsible and with due regard for the rights of
5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of others.
religion 7. To engage in gainful work.
6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the 8. To register and vote.
limits prescribed by law shall not be impaired
7. The right of the people to information on matters of public Duties and Rights of the Filipino People
concern shall be recognized.
8. The right of the people, including those employed in the a. to vote honestly and wisely
public and private sectors shall not be abridged. b. to obey the laws of the land
9. Private property shall not be taken for public use without c. to respect public authority
just compensation. d. to be loyal to the Republic
10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be e. to defend the Motherland
passed. f. to pay taxes to the government
11. Free access to the courts g. to take active interest in local, national and international affairs
12. Any person under investigation for the commission of an
offense shall have the right to be informed of his right Rights of the People
13. The right to bail shall not be impaired a. Natural rights- rights conferred upon human beings by God
14. No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense b. Civil rights- rights granted by the State for the promotion
15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be c. Political rights- rights conferred by the state to the people
suspended d. Constitutional rights- rights recognized and protected by the
16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition constitution
17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against e. Statutory rights- rights conferred by statutes or law
himself.
18. No person shall be detained solely by reason of his Lesson 3 - United Nations Principles on Human Rights
political beliefs
19. Excessive fine shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading
or inhuman punishment inflicted. Universal Declaration of Human Rights - is defined as a common
20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations
a poll tax.
21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for ISSUES OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
the same offense.
 1. Philippine War – Drug Campaign THE GOLDEN SUN 8 RAYS represents:
2. Death Penalty
3. Lowering the Age of Criminal Liability The Golden Sun: unity, freedom, people’s democracy, and sovereignty
4. Freedom of Expression Eight Rays: 8 regions that started revolting against Spain.
5. Rights of the members of the LGBTI Community
Flag Protocol
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE PHILIPPINES 1. The flag should be displayed in all government buildings, official
1. Human rights can be classified as individual, collective, civil, residences, public plazas, and schools every day throughout the
political, economic, social and cultural. year.
2. Article III of the 1987 Constitution also called as the Bill of Rights 2. National Flag day and Independence Day are designated as flag
provides Filipino citizen’s rights, protection and privileges. days
3. In 2014, nearly 75,000 people filed for recognition as victims of 3. In Section 9 of RA 8491, the Philippine flag must be permanently
human rights violations during the implementation of the Martial hoisted and illuminated at night at the following locations:
Law.
a. Malacañang Palace
➢ There are 30 Articles in Human Rights b. The Congress of the Philippine buildings (Senate and House of
Representatives)
Lesson 4 - Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines c. Supreme Court of the Philippine Building
d. The Rizal Monument
Salient Feature of RA No. 8491 of 2002 (Flag and Heraldic Code e. Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite
of the Philippines) f. Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan
g. Tomb of the unknown Soldiers in La Union,
Philippine Flag h. Libingan ng mga Bayani in Makati.
i. Mausoleo de los Veteranos de la Revolucion
j. All international ports of entry
1. Our national flag is the symbol of our country.
k. All other places as may be designated by the NationalHistorical
2. A flag is a sacred and respected feature of the nation which it
Commission of the Philippines (NHCP).
represents.
3. The Philippine national flag is said to be the primary symbol of the
nation’s camaraderie, sovereignty, solidarity and unity. It is
Lesson 5- Good Citizenship Values
therefore, the symbol of nationalism and patriotism in our country.
CITIZENSHIP - Citizenship is a term denoting membership
FLAG HISTORY of a citizen in a political society
CITIZEN- A citizen is a person having the title of
THE 3 STARS- Representing the 3 major groups: Luzon, Visayas and citizenship.
Mindanao
GREAT IDEAL IN THE LIFE OF EVERY CITIZEN
COLOR REPRESENTS 1. patriotism to country
White- liberty, equality and fraternity 2. love of country
Blue- peace, freedom and justice 3. loyalty to God
Red- courage and patriotism 4. loyalty to country
ACQUIRING CITIZENSHIP
1. There are two principles of citizenship in the world, “jus solis” (by
blood) and “jus sanguinis” (by birth).
2. A baby who was born within the air space or within 12 nautical
miles from the boarder of the United States will automatically have
US citizenship regardless of the parent’s nationality.
3. Commonwealth Act No. 473 provides the qualifications and
processes for acquiring Filipino citizenship.
Lesson 6- Voter Citizenship Education
Election- means by which the people choose their officials for definite and
fixed periods
2 Types of electoral exercises
a) regular elections (national, local, barangay, ARMM, SK)
b) special elections (plebiscite, referendum, initiative, recall)
Suffrage is the human right to vote to which, in the Philippines, is embodied
in three documents:
a) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
b) The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; and
c) The 1987 Philippine Constitution.
How often are the elections held?
a. Every 2nd National and local elections are held on the second
Monday of May every third year starting 1992. The presidential
and vice presidential elections are held every six years.
b. Every last Monday of October, every 3 years for barangay and
SK officials
c. Every 3 years from March 1993 – ARRM elections
Lesson 7 - Drug Education
Republic Act (R.A.) 9165
• Comprehensive Dangerous Drug Act of 2002
• January 23, 2002
• guide in the implementation of dangerous drug
prevention and control in the country
Drug- It is a substance that affects the function of living cells,
used in medicine to diagnose, cure, prevent the occurrence of
diseases and disorders and prolong the life of patients with
incurable conditions.
Drug abuse- overuse of a drug
Drug dependence- compulsive behavior brought about by
drug abuse.
Drug user- another term for “drug addict” which refers to an
individual who is dependent on a certain drug or drugs.
Classifications of drugs and effects
1. Alcohol liquor- extracted from chemical compound as
ethyl and hydrocarbon
➢ Relaxation and loss of inhibition
2. Marijuana (Cannabis Sativa)- annual plant that grows
wild
➢ Throat intoxication and coughing
3. Stimulants- drugs used to increase mental activity
➢ Increased mental alertness
4. Cough syrups- are also called over the counter
colds/cough preparations.
➢ Drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision,
nausea, vomiting trouble sleeping
5. Depressants- are usually known as “downers”.
➢ Relief of anxiety and excitement
6. Barbiturates- are used to reduce the frequency of
convulsions in epileptics.
➢ Unconsciousness and decrease inbreathing
7. Hallucinogens (Psychedelics)- drugs that can produce
changes in mood and behavior.
➢ Increased heartbeat and pulse rate, blood pressure, body
temperature
8. Tranquilizer- drug used to treat nervous disorders
➢ Physical weakness and sleepiness
9. Narcotics- in medicine, refer to opium, morphine, codeine,
heroin and hydromorphone.
➢ Reduced size of pupils (eyes) and reduced vision
10. Inhalants- volatile substances derived from ether or
chloroform.
 ➢ Unsteadiness and restlessness Lesson 9 - Geographic Profile of the Philippines

ROLE OF SECTORS TO PREVENT DRUG ABUSE ➢ Philippines has 7,107 islands.

➢ It is divided into three major group of islands: Luzon,
1. School
Visayas and Mindanao.
2. Community
3. Youth ➢ The climate of the Philippines is tropical and
4. Parents maritime.
➢ There are several seasons in the Philippines
namely: rainy season and dry season
Lesson 8 - Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
System Lesson 10 - Disaster Risk Profile of the Philippines

R.A.10121 or the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction Management Act This explains the occurrences of different weather disturbances
- providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and such as typhoons. The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and
Management Framework and Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) reports that every year, an
Reduction and Management Plan, appropriating funds therefor and for other average of twenty (20) tropical cyclones enter the Philippine Area of
purposes. Responsibility (PAR) and five (5) of which shall be most destructive. Tropical
- This was signed into law on May 27, 2010 and the Implementing cyclones and its sequential effects of rain and windstorms, as well as floods
Rules and Regulation (IRR) was approved three months later on September are the most prevalent types of hydro meteorological hazards in the country.
27, 2010.
Natural Hazards Likely to Affect the Country
Salient Provisions of Republic Act 10121 or the PDRRM Law 1. Volcanic Eruption / Earthquake
2. Typhoons
Section 5 – creation of National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management 3. Climate Change
Council (Nat’l Disaster Coordinating Council)
Section 8 – the Office of Civil Defense (OCD) shall have the primary mission Recent Major Disasters
Section 10- creation of the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and 1. Naga Landslides (September 2018)
Management Council (RDRRMC) ➢ Sitio Sindulan, Barangay Tinaan, Naga City,
Section 11 – organization of Local Government Level Cebu
Section 12 – provides for the Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management ➢ 21 September 2018
Office 2. Typhoon Mangkhut (September 2018)
Section 15 – provides for the coordination during emergencies ➢ locally known as Typhoon Ompong
Section 21 – provides for the Local Disaster Risk Reduction and ➢ Baggao, Cagayan on 15 September 2018.
Management Fund (LDRRMF) 3. Volcanic Activity (January 2018)
Section 22 – provides for the NDRRM Fund ➢ Mayon Volcano (BulkangMayon),
Section 23 – provides funding of the Office of Civil Defense as lead agency ➢ 13 January 2018
to carry out the provisions the PDRRM Act of 2010 (Php1,000,000,000) 4. Typhoon Hagupit (December 2014)
➢ locally known as Typhoon “Ruby”
➢ 4 December 2014
5. Super Typhoon Yolanda (November 2013)
 ➢ 6 November 2013
➢ made landfall on (1) Guiuan, Eastern Samar; (2) Tolosa,
Leyte; (3) Daan bantayan, Cebu; (4) Bantayan Island,
Cebu; (5) Conception, Iloilo; and finally (6) Busuanga,
Palawan and left the Philippines on 9 Nov 2013
6. Earthquake in Central Visayas (October 2013)
➢ 7.2 magnitude occurred in Region VII
➢ 15 October 2013
9. Taal Volcano Eruption (January 2020)
➢ Batangas, Philippines
➢ January 12, 2020,
Lesson 11 – Four Thematic Areas of Philippine Disaster
Management System
Four Thematic Areas PDRRM
(a) Disaster Prevention and Mitigation;
Early warning systems
Flood forecasting and monitoring
Hazard and risk mappings
Structural and non-structural interventions
(b) Disaster Preparedness;
Contingency planning
Prepositioning and stock-piling
Capacitating and organizing responders
Training, drills and exercises
Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment
(c) Disaster Response
Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis (RDANA)
Issuance of advisories and situation reports
Activation of Response Clusters and Incident Command System
(ICS)
Mobilization of responders
Humanitarian assistance (e.g. relief distribution)
Provision of financial assistance
Management of evacuation centers
(d) Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation.
Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA)
Enhancement of policies and plans
Reconstruction using “build back better” approach
Resettlement
Provision of new sources of livelihood
Lesson 12 - Role of Youth in Disaster Preparedness and Management
(DPR)
Disaster management plays a major role and youth plays a vital role
in responding in time of needs.
Some other roles of the youth.
➢ Create pamphlets and fliers
➢ Hold workshops and trainings
➢ Provide booths
➢ Conduct and perform some drills
➢ Be part of emergency rescue teams
The basic role of the student is AWARENESS of what to do before,
during and after disasters. This would lessen panicking, paranoid and
uncontrollable people running around. Knowing what to do when disaster
strikes will also lessen the death toll.
Lesson 13 - Basic First Aid and Basic Life Support
Basic Life Support (BLS) - an emergency procedure consists of
recognizing respiratory or cardiac arrest
Chain of Survival
1. The First Link (Early Access)- event initiated after the
patient’s collapse
2. The Second Link (Early CPR)- started immediately after the
victim collapse.
3. The Third Link (Early Defibrillator)- most likely to improve
survival.
4. The Fourth Link (Advance Care)- provided by highly trained
personnel
➢ When performing CPR on an infant, use your 2 fingers
➢ The depth of compression for a child during CPR is 1 to 1
1⁄2 inches
 ➢ Is the unconscious victim’s heart beating? This question is 5. Materials Cycles
asked during initial assessment. This is for Circulation 6. Finiteness
➢ During initial assessment of the victim, physical 7. Stewardship
examination is done from head to toe
➢ The recommended BLS sequence is Airway, breathing IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
check pulse
➢ BLS considers an infant to be on Less than one year old 1. R.A. 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of
2000 -law aims to adopt a systematic, comprehensive
and ecological solid waste management
Lesson 14 - Environmental Education, Protection and
Management 2. R.A. 9275 – Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004- law aims to
protect the country's water bodies from pollution
Environmental Education- and learning, helping to acquire understanding,
skills and values that makes them active and informed citizens 3. R.A. 6969 – Toxic Substances, Hazardous and Nuclear
Waste Control Act of 1990- (kaprehas lang ang definition ng
Classification and Sources of Pollution ra 9275)

Pollution- defined as the alteration of our surroundings, 4. R.A. 8435 – Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of
Air pollution- is defined as physical and chemical alteration of the 1997- establishes that the Department of Agriculture,
properties of air
5. R.A. 8749 – Clean Air Act of 1999- moves for an effective air
Major Types of Air Pollution quality
1. Outdoor Pollution- type of pollution derived from the mixture or
collection of additional loads 6. R.A. 9512 – National Environmental Awareness and
2. Indoor Air pollution- a type of pollution derived from the Education Act of 2008- promotes national awareness on the
accumulation or build up of chemical role of natural resources

Water Pollution- defined as the physical or chemical changes in the surface 7. R.A. 9513 – Renewable Energy Act of 2008- It promotes the
and ground water development, utilization and commercialization
Major Sources of Water Pollution
1. Point Source- discharges pollutants or any affluent, Lesson 16 - Forestry Protection, Conservation and Development
2. Non-point Source- widely scattered and discharges
Pollutants Urban Forestry is a specialized ‘branch’ of forestry that deals with the
cultivation and management of trees and other plants
Lesson 15 - Seven Environmental Principles and Laws
The term Urban Forestry is derived from two – urban which carries
Below are the 7 Eps the characteristics of a city; and forestry which carries the characteristics of a
1. Balance of Nature forest.
2. Biodiversity
3. Interconnectedness Benefits derived from Urban Forestry
4. Change 1. Climatic Amelioration
 2. Engineering uses 4. Inefficient solid waste management.
3. Architectural uses
4. Aesthetic uses Lesson 18 - National Security Concerns

Target Areas for Urban Forest Development Functions of National Security Council
1. Parks The NSC’s function is to advise the President with respect
2. Street Right-of-Way to the integration of domestic, foreign and military policies relating
3. Public Buildings and Grounds to national security.
4. Extraterritorial Lands
5. Riparian Areas Types of Security Threats
6. Private Lands 1. Rebellion or insurrection- open, armed and organized resistance
2. Terrorism- systematic use of terror
Environmental Protection- This program will sustain the sustain the 3. Crime- applies to a measurable degree of damage or destruction
existence and improve the life span of trees 4. Murder- defined in most countries as the unlawful killing
5. Hijacking/Highway robbery- crime of taking or attempting to take
Lesson 17 - Water Resource Management, Sanitation and something
Conservation 6. Kidnapping or serious illegal detention- taking away or
transportation of a person
Issues in Water Resources Management
1. Water problems. Lesson 19 - Nature of Self and Self-Awareness
2. Groundwater extraction rising
3. Watershed management Self-Awareness- knowing your motivation, preferences, personality
4. Coastal and Marine Resources Self-analysis- examination of oneself after experiencing a
5. Coral reefs in poor conditions particular situation
6. Water demand growing rapidly Self-discovery- the process of forming an accurate, realistic view
7. Agricultures use dominates of yourself
8. Access to water supply varies There are six components of the process of self-discovery
which comprise of the following:
Sources of Water Pollution a. Characteristics – it pertains to your qualities.
b. Interest – it is what you enjoy doing.
Water pollutants generally come from the five sources. These are: c. Aptitudes – what are you good at.
1. domestic sewage, d. Values – things that are important to you.
2. industrial wastewater, e. Needs – what do you need to have a satisfying life.
3. agricultural run-off, f. Choices – it pertains to your priorities.
4. storm–water run-off and
5. naturally- occurring sources. Behavior- defined as the way we carry ourselves – the way in
which we act.
Surface Water Quality Issues and Concerns Behavior consists of four components which includes the
1. Untreated domestic sewage: following:
2. Industrial wastewater pollution. 1. Motivation
3. Threats from non-point pollution sources. 2. Modes of thinking
3. Modes of acting
4. Modes of interacting