Makeup-Notes-for-students

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Facial Makeup

Prepared by: EDITH P. GONZALES

“Always look at what you have left. Never look at what you have lost.”
– Robert H. Schuller
OBJECTIVES
• Describe the different types of cosmetics and their uses.
• Demonstrate an understanding of cosmetic color theory.
• Demonstrate a basic makeup procedure for any occasion.
• Understand the use of special-occasion makeup.
• Identify different facial types and demonstrate procedures for basic corrective makeup.
• Demonstrate the application and removal of artificial lashes.
• LEARNING MOTIVATION (WHY?)
• Today’s aging society is doing anything possible to feel and look younger. Fortunately, the
application of cosmetics can do a great deal to emphasize the most attractive facial features
and to minimize those features that are not so attractive or that are out of balance. Applying
color to the face is not a new trend. Recorded history shows that both the men and the
women of the New Stone Age used tattooing and face and body paint for ornamentation.
Makeup has been used to indicate status in society, for tribal identification, for important
religious ceremonies, for preparation for war, and for any number of other events. You may
remember how dramatic Elizabeth Taylor’s makeup was when she played Cleopatra, making
those Egyptian eyes famous. Makeup in the days of the Egyptians was usually a combination
of ground alabaster or starch mixed with vegetable dyes and mineral salts.
• Cosmetics really became an industry of its own in the 1930s, with Elizabeth Arden and Max
Factor introducing lines and opening salons devoted to beauty. As the demand increased,
cosmetics were soon available for those of all economic levels.
• As a professional cosmetologist, you will consider the structure of the client’s face; the color of
the eyes, skin, and hair; how the client wants to look; and the reasonable results you can
achieve. You will truly become an artist when you can apply color, shading, and highlighting to
create illusions that are most flattering to a client’s appearance. Your license as a
cosmetologist will give you an advantage because you will be able not only to provide the
client with effective skin care services and cosmetic application, but also to provide the
appropriate color and hair design to create the best possible image for your client. Never
forget: A client who projects a total, together look will be your best advertisement!
ENHANCING NATURAL BEAUTY
• The makeup objective is to emphasize the most attractive features while minimizing those that
are less attractive.
• OBJECTIVE: To emphasize the client’s most attractive facial features while minimizing those
features that are less attractive.

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• The makeup objective will vary from client to client, based on face-shape analysis and client’s
individual needs. Consider face structure, eye color, skin and hair, client’s wants, and the
results you can realistically achieve.

COSMETTICS
A. FOUNDATION
➢ A tinted cosmetic also known as base makeup that is used to cover or even out skin coloring;
conceal minor imperfections of skin; and protect the skin from climate, dirt, and debris
➢ Available in liquid, stick, and cream form
➢ Color primer: applied to skin prior to foundation to disguise skin discoloration

FOUNDCATION CHEMISTRTY
• Liquid: water-based foundations with emollients
• Oil-free: intended for oilier skin types
• Cream: oil-based and thicker than liquid

Most liquid and cream forms of foundation are mixtures of water and oil-spreading agents
containing a significant amount of talc and different color agents as pigments.
• Liquid: Also called water-based foundation; made up of mostly water and emollients such as
mineral oil or a silicone such as cyclomethycaine. Some may contain alcohol or drying agents.
The mixture of water and oil help you apply the makeup color agents evenly.
• Oil-free: Intended for oilier skin types.
• Cream: Known as oil-based foundation; thicker than liquid. They provide heavier coverage.
Usually intended for dry skin types; not recommended for oily or acned skin.
FOUNDATION SELECTION USE
• Match to skin tone.
• Blend with disposable makeup sponge.
• Avoid lines of demarcation
FOUNDATION SELECTION AND USE. Match foundation as closely as possible to actual skin tone. If
too light, it will have a chalky or gray appearance. If too dark, it will look dirty or muddy. Determine
correct foundation color by applying a stripe of color to clean skin on the jawline. Blend slightly. Color
that disappears on the skin is the correct tone.

CONCEALER
• Use to cover blemishes and discolorations.
• Match color to skin.
• Apply with sponge or disposable cotton swab.
• Use sparingly and soften edges.

CONCEALER: Used to cover blemishes and discolorations. Available in tins, jars, or tubes with wands.
To apply:
• Remove from container with clean spatula and apply with sponge or disposable cotton swab.
• Match color to skin as closely as possible.
• Use sparingly and soften edges.
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FACE POWDER
• Adds matte finish, absorbs oil, and sets foundation
• Mixture of talc or cornstarch and pigment
• Uses binders like zinc stearate
• Applied with large powder brush

CHEEK COLOR
• Called blush or rouge
• Comes in powder, gel, or cream
• Used to add natural glow and color
• CHEEK COLOR: Also called blush or rouge; comes in powder, gel, and cream. Cream is used
after foundation and before face powder; powder is used after foundation and face powder
have been applied.
• Application should look soft and natural. Too little is better than too much. Never apply in a
circle on the cheek, beyond the corner of the eye, or inward between the cheekbone and
nose.

LIP COLOR
• Lipstick or gloss
- Formulas of oils, waxes, and dyes
• Lip liner
- Used to outline lips; keeps lip color from feathering; coordinate with lip color

LIP COLOR: Also called lipstick or gloss. A cosmetic in paste form, available in a variety of colors.
Used to enhance or correct the shape of the lips. Some contain sunscreen; others contain
moisturizers.
• Chemistry: Available in a variety of forms: creams, glosses, pencils, gels, and sticks. All are
formulas of oils, waxes, and dyes.
• Using lip color: Consider the client’s preferences, eye color, skin tone, and lip shape. Do not
apply directly from the container, unless it belongs to the client. Use a spatula to remove the
lip color from the container and take the color from the spatula with a disposable lip brush.

LIP LINER: Used to outline the lips; also helps keep lip color from feathering. Coordinate lip liner
with chosen lip color. Sharpen the lip liner and sanitize the sharpener before every use.

EYE SHADOW
• Makes eyes brighter and more expressive
• Forms: stick, cream, pressed, and dry powder
• Colors
– Highlight color
– Base color
– Contour color

Applied on the eyelids to accentuate or contour them. Available in almost every color and in a
variety of finishes, including metallic, matte, frost, shimmer, or dewy. Eye shadow makes the eyes
appear brighter and more expressive. A darker shade of eye shadow makes the natural color of the
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iris appear lighter, while a lighter shade makes the iris appear deeper. Makeup colors should enhance
the client’s eyes.
• Forms: Stick, cream, pressed, and dry powder.
• Colors:
– Highlight color: Lighter than the client’s skin tone and may have any finish. Highlight a
specific area, such as the brow bone. Lighter color will make an area appear larger.
– Base color: A medium tone that is close to the client’s skin tone. Used to even skin tone on
the eye. Applied all over the lid and brow bone before other colors are applied.
– Contour color: Deeper and darker than the client’s skin tone. Applied to minimize a specific
area, to create contour in a crease, or to define the eyelash line.
EYE LINER
• Used to outline and emphasize the eye
• Consists of wax or hardened oil base with color additives
• Applied with short strokes and gentle pressure

Used to outline and emphasize the eye. Available in pencil, liquid, pressed (cake), or felt-tip pen.
Make the eyes appear larger and lashes fuller.
• Chemistry: Consists of a wax (paraffin) or hardened oil base (petrolatum) with a variety of
additives to create color.
• Using eyeliner: Be cautious when applying; have a steady hand. Sharpen the eyeliner, wipe
with clean tissue, and sanitize the sharpener before each use. Apply with short strokes and
gentle pressure close to lash line. Brush may be wet to use with powder liner.
CAUTION: According to the American Medical Association, eye pencils should not be used to color the
inner rim of the eyes; this can lead to infection of the tear duct, causing tearing, blurring of vision,
and permanent pigmentation of the mucous membrane lining the inside of the eye.
EYEBROW COLOR
• Used to add color and contour brows
• Chemistry similar to eyeliner pencils
• Should not harshly contrast with haircolor

EYEBROW COLOR: Eyebrow pencils or shadows used to add color and shape to the eyebrows.
Can darken the eyebrows, fill in sparse areas, or correct misshapen brows.
• Chemistry: Chemistry is similar to that of eyeliner pencils and ingredients are similar to those
in eye shadows.
• Using eyebrow color: After sanitizing the sharpener, sharpen the pencil and wipe clean with
tissue. Avoid harsh contrasts between hair and eyebrow color.

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MASCARA
• Used to darken and thicken lashes
• Chemistry: includes water, wax, thickeners, film formers, and preservatives
• Pigments (some contain lengthening fibers)
Application: disposable wand on all lashes (no double dipping)
MASCARA: Used to darken, define, and thicken the eyelashes. Available in liquid, cake, and cream
form. Enhances the natural lashes, making them appear thicker and longer. Lashes should be darker
than the eyebrows.
• Chemistry: Polymer products that include water, wax, thickeners, film formers, and
preservatives in their formulation.
• Pigments: Carbon black, carmine, ultramarine, chromium oxide, and iron oxides. Some contain
rayon or nylon fibers to lengthen and thicken the hair fibers.
• Application: May be used on all lashes from the inner to outer corners. Dispose of the wand.
Never double dip.

OTHER COSMETICS
• Eye makeup removers
• Greasepaint
• Cake (pancake) makeup
• OTHER COSMETICS

EYE MAKEUP REMOVERS: Oil based or water-based.


GREASEPAINT: Heavy makeup used for theatrical purposes.
CAKE (PANCAKE) MAKEUP: A shaped, solid mass applied to the face with a moistened cosmetic
sponge. Gives good coverage; also used to cover scars and pigmentation defects.
MAKEUP BRUSHES AND TOOLS
• Powder brush • Eyeliner brush
• Blush brush • Angle brush
• Concealer brush • Lash and brow brush
• Lip brush • Tweezers
• Eye shadow brush • Eyelash curler

DISPOSABLE IMPLEMENTS
• Sponges
• Powder or cotton puffs
• Mascara wands
• Spatulas
• Cotton swabs
• Disposable lip brushes
• Sponge-tipped shadow applicators
• Cotton pads or puffs
• Pencil sharpeners

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CARING FOR MAKEUP BRUSHES
• Avoid spray-on sanitizers containing a high level of alcohol; they will dry brushes.
• Use a gentle shampoo or brush solvent.
• Place brush under water with ferrule pointing downward.

COLOR THEORY
• Primary colors
• Secondary colors

• Tertiary colors
• Complementary colors

TERTIARY COLORS: Formed by mixing equal amounts of a secondary color and its neighboring
primary color on the color wheel.

COMPLEMENTARY COLORS: Primary and secondary colors directly opposite each other on the
color wheel. When mixed, they cancel each other out to create a neutral brown or gray color.
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WARM AND COOL COLORS
• Warm: range from yellow and gold through oranges, red-oranges, most reds, and some
yellow-greens
• Cool: dominated by blues, greens, violets, and blue-reds

WARM AND COOL COLORS.


Determine if skin tone is light, medium, or dark and whether it has warm or cool undertones.
• Warm: Range from yellow and gold through oranges, red-oranges, most reds, and even some
yellow-greens.
• Cool: Dominated by blues, greens, violets, and blue-reds.

DETERMINING SKIN COLOR

SELECTING MAKEUP COLOR


• Light skin color
• Medium skin color
• Dark skin color
SELECTING MAKEUP COLORS. Consider skin color, eye color, and hair color.
SKIN COLOR: Decide if the skin is light, medium, or dark in level.

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• Light skin color: Use light colors for a soft, natural look. Medium to dark colors will create a
more dramatic look.
• Medium skin color: Medium tones will create an understated look. Light or dark tones will
provide more contrast and appear bolder.
• Dark skin color: Dark tones will be most subtle. Medium to light tones will be striking and
vivid.
COLOR SELECTION STEPS
• Determine skin level.
• Determine skin undertone.
• Determine eye color.
• Determine complementary colors.
• Determine hair color.
• Choose eye makeup colors.
• Coordinate cheek and lip colors.
• Apply makeup.

COLOR SELECTION STEPS


1. Determine skin level: light, medium, or dark.
2. Determine skin undertone: warm, cool, or neutral.
3. Determine eye color: blue, green, brown, and so on.
4. Determine complementary colors.
5. Determine hair color: warm or cool.
6. Choose eye makeup colors based on complementary or contrasting colors.
7. Coordinate cheek and lip colors within same color family: warm, cool, or neutral.
8. Apply makeup.

COMPLEMENTARY COLORS FOR EYES


• Neutrals are safest
• Blue eyes
– Orange, gold, peach, copper, mauve, plum, taupe, camel
• Green eyes
– Brown-based reds, red-orange, red-violet, violet, coppers, rusts, pinks, plums, mauve,
purples
• Brown eyes
– Can wear any color: greens, blues, grays, silvers

COMPLEMENTARY COLORS FOR EYES. Neutrals are always the safest choice. Contrasting eye
color with complementary colors will emphasize the eye color most effectively.

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• Blue eyes: Orange, gold, warm orange-browns like peach and copper, red-browns like mauve
and plum, and neutrals like taupe or camel
• Green eyes: Brown-based reds, red-orange, red-violet, violet, coppers, rusts, pinks, plums,
mauve and purples
• Brown eyes: Neutral and can wear any color: greens, blues, grays, and silvers.
• Cheek and lip color
– Coordinate in same color family as eye makeup
• Hair and eye color
– Coordination of hair and eye color with eye makeup
CHEEK AND LIP COLOR: Coordinate in the same color family as the eye makeup.
HAIR AND EYE COLOR: Hair and eye color should be taken into account when determining eye
makeup color.

COMPLEMENTARY COLOR FOR THE EYES

CLIENT CONSULTATION
• Consultation area
• Lighting
• Information gathering
• Retail sales

CLIENT CONSULTATION. Your role is to listen and then make recommendations.


CONSULTATION AREA: Should be clean and tidy. Keep a portfolio that includes photographs of
your work or pictures from magazines.

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LIGHTING: Essential for both the consultation and application of the makeup. Face should be evenly
lit without dark shadows. Natural light is best. If necessary to use artificial light, it should be a
combination of incandescent and fluorescent light.

INFORMATION GATHERING: Information should include skin condition, how much or how little
makeup the client wears, daily vs. special-occasion makeup, amount of time spent applying makeup,
color likes and dislikes, and any trouble areas. Record on client consultation card.

RETAIL SALES: Review and restate your written advice with the client at the end of the service to
help sell retail products.

STRIKING CONTOUR EYES


• Base color from lashes to brow
• Medium tone on lid
• Medium to deep tone increase and blend
• Highlight shadow under brow bone
• Eyeliner from outside corner tapering in
• Shadow over eyeliner
• Application of mascara

SPECIAL-OCCASION MAKEUP FOR EYES


STRIKING CONTOUR EYES
1. Apply the base color from the lashes to the brow with a shadow brush or applicator.
2. Apply medium tone on the lid, blending from lash line to crease with the shadow brush or
applicator.
3. Apply medium to deep color in the crease, blending up toward the eyebrow but ending below it.
4. Apply highlight shadow under the brow bone with the shadow brush or applicator.
5. Apply eyeliner on the upper lash line from the outside corner in, tapering as you reach the inner
corner. Blend with the small brush or applicator.
6. Apply shadow, in the same color as the liner, directly over the liner. This will give longevity and
intensity to the liner. Repeat on the bottom lash line, if desired.
7. Apply mascara with a disposable wand.
DRAMATIC SMOKEY EYES
• Encircle with gray, brown, or black liner.
• Smudge eyeliner.
• Dark shadow from upper lash to crease.
• Repeat on lower lash line.
• Highlight color to upper brow area.
• Apply mascara.
• Add individual or band lashes.

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DRAMATIC SMOKEY EYES
1. Encircle the eye with dark gray, dark brown, or black eyeliner.
2. Smudge with a small shadow brush or disposable applicator.
3. Using the shadow brush or applicator, apply dark shadow from the upper lash line to the
crease, softening and blending as you approach the crease. The shadow should be dark from
outer to inner corner. You may choose shimmering or matte-finish eye shadows.
4. Repeat on the lower lash line, carefully blending any hard edges.
5. If desired, add a highlight color in a shimmering or matte finish to the upper brow area with
the shadow brush or applicator.
6. Apply mascara with a disposable wand.
7. Add individual or band lashes if desired.

SPECIAL-OCCASION- CHEEKS
• Add definition under cheekbones.
• Use shimmer or glitter for highlight.

SPECIAL-OCCASION MAKEUP FOR CHEEKS


Refer to the Corrective Makeup slide for techniques you can use to remedy less attractive aspects of
the cheeks. You can also try either of these two steps.
• Use a darker blush color under the cheekbones to add definition. Apply with a blush brush or
applicator and blend carefully. Add a brighter, lighter cheek color to the apples of the cheeks
and blend.
• Use a cheek color with shimmer or glitter over the cheekbones for highlight. You may use
cream or powder colors.
SPECIAL-OCCASION MAKEUP FOR LIPS
• Line lips, fill with lip pencil, and blot.
• Add lip color.
• Apply gloss to center of lips.

SPECIAL-OCCASION MAKEUP FOR LIPS


Most clients prefer brighter or darker colors for special occasions. You may use shimmer colors or
matte colors, if desired.
1. Apply liner color to the lips. Fill in the lip line with pencil and blot.
2. Add similar color in lipstick over the entire mouth with a lip brush or applicator.
3. Apply gloss to the center of the lips with a lip brush or applicator.
CORRECTIVE MAKEUP. Facial features can be accented with proper highlighting and subdued with
correct shadowing or shading and balanced with the proper hairstyle. A basic rule is that highlighting
emphasizes a feature, while shadowing minimizes it.
• Emphasizes good features
• Minimizes imperfections
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• Highlighting used to emphasize
• Shadowing used to minimize features

ANALYZING FACE SHAPES


OVAL FACE: Artistically ideal proportions and features. The face is divided into three equal
horizontal sections. The first third is measured from the hairline to the top of the eyebrows. The
second third is measured from the top of the eyebrows to the end of the nose. The last third is
measured from the end of the nose to the bottom of the chin. The ideal oval face is approximately
three-fourths as wide as it is long. The distance between the eyes is the width of one eye.

ROUND FACE: Usually broader in proportion to its length. Rounding chin and hairline. Apply
corrective makeup to slenderize and lengthen the face.

SQUARE FACE: Composed of straight lines, with a wide forehead and square jaw line. Apply
corrective makeup to offset the squareness and soften the hard lines of the face.

TRIANGULAR (PEAR-SHAPED) FACE: Characterized by a jaw that is wider than the forehead.
Apply corrective makeup to create width at the forehead, slenderize the jaw line, and add length to
the face.

INVERTED TRIANGLE (HEART-SHAPED) FACE: Has a wide forehead and narrow, pointed chin.
Apply corrective makeup to minimize the width of the forehead and to increase the width of the jaw
line.

DIAMOND FACE: Has a narrow forehead, with the greatest width across the cheekbones. Apply
corrective makeup to reduce the width across the cheekbone line.

OBLONG FACE: Has greater length in proportion to its width than the square or round face. Long
and narrow. Apply corrective makeup to create the illusion of width across the cheekbone line,
making the face appear shorter.

FOREHEAD AREA
– LOW FOREHEAD: Applying a lighter foundation lends a broader appearance between the
brows and hairline.
– PROTRUDING FOREHEAD: Applying a darker foundation over the prominent area gives an
illusion of fullness to the rest of the face and minimizes the bulging forehead.

NOSE AND CHIN AREAS


– LARGE OR PROTRUDING NOSE: Apply a darker foundation on the nose and a lighter
foundation on the cheeks at the sides of the nose. Avoid placing cheek color close to the nose.
– SHORT AND FLAT NOSE: Apply a lighter foundation down the center of the nose, ending at the
tip.
– BROAD NOSE: Use a darker foundation on the sides of the nose and nostrils.

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PROTRUDING CHIN AND RECEDING NOSE: Shadow the chin with a darker foundation and
highlight the nose with a lighter foundation.

RECEDING CHIN: Highlight the chin by using a lighter foundation than the one used on the face.
SAGGING DOUBLE CHIN: Use a darker foundation on the sagging portion and use a natural skin tone
foundation on the face.

JAW LINE AND NECK AREAS. Blend the foundation onto the neck so that the client’s color is
consistent from face to neck. Set with a translucent powder.
BROAD JAW LINE: Apply a darker shade of foundation over the heavy area of the jaw, starting at the
temples. This will minimize the lower part of the face and create an illusion of width in the upper part
of the face.

NARROW JAW LINE: Highlight by using a lighter foundation shade.

ROUND, SQUARE, OR TRIANGULAR FACE: Apply a darker shade of foundation over the
prominent part of the jaw line. The jaw will appear softer and more oval.
SHORT, THICK NECK: Use a darker foundation on the neck than the one used on the face. The
neck will appear thinner.
LONG, THIN NECK: Apply a lighter shade of foundation on the neck than the one used on the face.
This will create fullness and counteract the long, thin appearance of the neck.

CORRECTIVE MAKEUP FOR THE EYES


• ROUND EYES: Lengthen by extending the shadow beyond the outer corners of the eyes.
• CLOSE-SET EYES: Are closer together than the length of one eye. Lightly apply shadow up from
the outer edges of the eyes.

• BULGING (OR PROTRUDING) EYES: Minimize by blending the shadow carefully over the
prominent part of the upper lid, carrying it lightly toward the eyebrow.

• HEAVY-LIDDED EYES: Shadow evenly and lightly across the lid from the edge of the eyelash
line to the small crease in the eye socket.

• SMALL EYES: Make them appear larger by extending the shadow slightly above, beyond, and
below the eyes.

• WIDE-SET EYES: Apply the shadow on the upper inner side of the eyelid, toward the nose, and
blend carefully.

• DEEP-SET EYES: Use bright, light, reflective colors. Use the lightest color in the crease and a
light to medium color sparingly on the lid and brow bone.

• DARK CIRCLES UNDER EYES: Apply concealer over the dark area, blending and smoothing it
into the surrounding area. Set lightly with translucent powder.

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EYEBROWS: The eyebrow is the frame for the eye. The ideal shape can be drawn in three lines.

LOW FOREHEAD: A low arch gives more height to a very low forehead.

WIDE-SET EYES: Eyes can appear closer by extending the eyebrow


lines to the inside corners of the eyes.

CLOSE-SET EYES: To make the eyes appear farther apart, widen the
distance between the eyebrows and slightly extend them outward.

ROUND FACE: Arch the brows high to make the face appear narrower.

LONG FACE: Making the eyebrows almost straight can create the illusion of a shorter face. Do not
extend the line farther than the outside corners of the eyes.

SQUARE FACE: Make a high arch on the end of each eyebrow.

EYELASH ENHANCERS
• Lash enhancers and lengtheners contain fibers to make lashes look longer and fuller.
• Latisse®, a product containing bimatoprost, shows a difference in two to four months of
regular use.
• LIPS: Lips are usually proportioned so that the curves or peaks of the upper lip fall directly in
line with the nostrils.
SKIN TONES
• RUDDY SKIN: Skin that is red, wind-burned, or affected by rosacea. Apply a yellow or green
foundation, blending carefully. Apply a light layer of foundation with a yellow base over the
entire complexion. Set with translucent or yellow-based powder.
• SALLOW SKIN: Skin that has a yellowish hue. Apply a pink-based foundation on the affected
areas and blend. Set with a translucent powder.
• WRINKLES: Can be minimized with a foundation. Apply sparingly and evenly in a light,
outward, circular motion. Remove any foundation that collects in lines and wrinkles of the
face.

ARTIFICIAL EYELASHES
• BAND (OR STRIP) LASHES: Eyelashes on a strip that are applied with adhesive to the natural
lash line.
• INDIVIDUAL LASHES: Separate artificial eyelashes that are applied to the eyelids one at a time.
• ADHESIVE: The product used to make artificial eyelashes adhere, or stick to, the natural lash
line.
ALLERGY TEST: Some clients may be allergic to adhesive. When in doubt, give the client an allergy
test before applying the lashes. This test may be done in one of two ways:
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• Put a drop of the adhesive behind one ear.
• Attach a single individual eyelash to each eyelid.
In either case, if there is no reaction within 24 hours, it is probably safe to proceed with the
application.

REMOVING BAND EYELASHES


You may use commercial preparations, such as pads saturated with special lotions, to remove band
eyelashes. The lash base may also be softened by applying a face cloth or cotton pad saturated with
warm water and a gentle facial cleanser. Hold the cloth over the eyes for a few seconds to soften the
adhesive. Starting from the outer corner, remove the lashes carefully to avoid pulling out the client’s
own lashes. Use cotton tips to remove any makeup and adhesive remaining on the eyelid.

INDIVIDUAL LASHES
• Known as eye tabbing
• Synthetic
• Attached directly to client’s eyelashes
• Manufacturer's directions

PRACTICAL CLASS
• Pre-Service Procedure
• Post-Service Procedure
• Basic Makeup Application
• Band Lash Application

• Explain to students when and where the practical class will take place. The procedures for Pre-
and Post-Service are found in the LP 23.0. Students can refer back to those handouts when
needed.
• Hand out the procedure sheets when you review the procedure for the first time. Have students
put them away when you perform the actual demonstration or present the Milady DVD (for
consistency from demonstration to demonstration).

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