J/JAFFNA HINDU COLLEGE - JAFFNA

ifNaL MrpupaH 05.07.2024

jpU.rp.jq;fW}gd;
juk; 10 jpUf;Fw;whyf;
B.A(HONS), PGDE, M.A, MED
FwtQ;rp
 jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rp gw;wpa Fwpg;G
 ,jidg; ghbatH - jpup$l uhrg;g ftpuhaH
 ,J Njhw;wk;ngw;w fhyk; - tp[a efu ehaf;fH fhyk;
 FwtQ;rp vd;why; - Fwg;ngz;izf; Fwpg;gjhFk;

Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapd; mikg;G

 nja;tk; my;yJ jiytd; tPjp topNa cyh tUk;nghOJ VOgutg; ngz;fSk; fz;L
mtH kPJ kaq;fp epw;gH
 mtHfspy; rfy eyDk; nghUe;jpa jiytp xUj;jp jiytidf; fhjypg;ghs;
 jiykfd; vl;lhj Kiwapy; jiytpaplj;Nj mile;J tpLthd;
 ,jd; gpd;dH jiytpapd; jtpg;Gk; Njhopkhiuj; jiytp J}jDg;GjYK;
 Fwj;jp te;J Fwpnrhy;YjYk; ,lk;ngWk;
 filrpapy; jiytdpd; rpwg;Gf;fis tho;j;JjYld; KbTWtjhf
mikAk;oe;jUspapUf;fpd;w
 jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapd; Nehf;fk; jpUf;Fw;whyk; vd;Dk; jpUj;jyj;jpy;
voe;jUspapUf;fpd;w jpUf;Fw;why ehjUila Gfo;ghLtilg; gpujhd Nehf;fkhff;
nfhz;lJ
 kiytsk;
 ehl;Ltsk; vd;gdtw;iwg; ghLtJ

ghly; 1
1. thduq;fs; fdpnfhLj;J ke;jpNahL nfhQ;Rk;
ke;jprpe;J fdpfSf;F thd;ftpfs; nfQ;Rk;
(m) thuq;fs; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ - Mz;Fuq;Ffs;
(M) ke;jp vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ –ngz;Fuq;F
2. thduq;fs; fdpnfhLj;J ke;jpNahL nfhQ;Rk;
ke;jprpe;J fdpfSf;F thd; ftpfs; nfQ;Rk;
(m) thd;ftpfs; vdf;$wg;gl;NlhH ahH - NjtHfs;
(M) thduq;fs; fdpnfhLj;J ke;jpNahL nfhQ;Rk; vd;gjpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s
Ntw;Wik ahJ - %d;whk; Ntw;Wik> cUG - xL
3. fhdtHfs; tpopnawpe;J thdtiu miog;gH

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 ftdrpj;jH te;J te;J fharpj;jp tpisg;gH
(m) fhdtHfs; vdf;Fwpg;gplg;gl;NlhH ahH - NtLtHfs; my;yJ FwtHfs;
(M) ftdrpj;jH vd;NghH ahH - epidj;j khj;jpuj;Nj thd;topNa
nry;gtHfs;

4. fhdtHfs; tpopnawpe;J thdtiu miog;gH

ftdrpj;jH te;J te;J fharpj;jp tpisg;gH
(m) tpopnawpjy; vd;why; vd;d – fz;zhy; mioj;jy;
(M) fharpj;jp vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ - cly; mopahJ ghJfhf;Fk; kUe;J

5. NjdUtp jpiunaOk;gp thdpd;topNa xOFk;

nrq;fjpNuhd; gupf;fhYk; NjHf;fhYk; tOFk;
(m) ,q;F jpiu vd;gd; fUj;J ahJ - miy
(M) gupf;fhYk; NjHf;fhYk; vdf; $wg;gl;lit ahit
gupf;fhy; - Fjpiuapd; fhy;
NjHf;fhy; - NjHr;rpy;Y

6. NjdUtp jpiunaOk;gp thd;topNa xOFk;

nrq;fjpNuhd; gupf;fhYk; NjHf;fhYk; tOFk;
(m) NjdUtp vd;gJ vt;tifg; GzHr;rp - ,ay;Gg; GzHr;rp
(M) nrq;fjpNuhd; vd;gJ vt;tifj; njhif - gz;Gj;njhif

7. $dy; ,sk;gpiw Kbj;j Ntzp ayq;fhuH

Fw;whyj; jpup$l kiynaq;fs; kiyNa
(m) Ntzp ayq;fhuH vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ – gpd;dg;gl;l $e;jiy cilatH
(M) vq;fs; kiy vd;gjpy; vq;fs; vd;NghH ahH – FwtHfs;

1. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s kiytsj;jpd; rpwg;Gf;fs; vit

 goq;fSk; fdpfSk; epiwe;j kiy
 NjtHSk; kdpjHfSk; $b thSk; kiy
 fharpj;jp %ypiffis tsUk; kiy
 NjdUtp vd;w mUtp fhzg;gLk; kiy

2. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; vit

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 Mz; Fuq;FfSk; ngz; Fuq;FfSk; kfpo;thf tho;fpd;wd vd;gjD}L mq;Fs;s
kf;fspd; epiy vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ
 NjtHSk; kdpjHfSk; $b thOk; kiy vd;gjD}L $bthOk; kdg;ghq;F nfhhz;l
kf;fs; thOk; kiyahFk;
 cly; mopahJ epiy ngwr;nra;Ak; tifapy; kf;fs; rpwe;j %ypiffis cz;L
tho;e;jdH

3. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s jpUf;Fw;why ehjUila Gfiof; Fwpg;gpLf

 tise;j ,sk;gpiwapidj; jiyapNy Kbe;jpUf;Fk; mofpid cilatH

4. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s mzpapid tpsf;Ff.

 Njd; Nghd;w jd;ik nfhz;l my;yJ NjdUtp vdg;gl;l mUtpahdJ jpUf;Fw;why
kiyapypUe;Nj ngUf;nfLf;fpd;wJ. Mdhy;> NjdUtpapd; jpiu thdj;jpd; cs;spUe;Nj
tUfpd;wJ vdf;Fwpg;gplg;gLtJ caHT etpw;rp mzp MFk;

 #upad; xU jpirapypUe;J ,d;NdhH jpirf;Fr; nry;Yk; NghJ fjpHfs; caukhd

kiyfspy; gl;Lnjwpf;Fk; ,r;rk;gtj;ij mtjhdpj;j GytH Fjpiu G+l;ba NjupNy
te;j #upad; mk;kiyapy; tOf;fp tOtjhff; Fwpg;gpLtijj; jw;Fwpg;Ngw;w mzp
vdyhk;

5. ,k;kiyapNy ,lk;ngw;w rk;tq;fisf; fwpg;gpLf

 Mz; Fuq;Ffs; gy tifahd goq;fisAk; gwpj;Jf; nfhz;L te;J nfhLj;Jj; jk;
ke;jpfNshL nfhQ;rpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

 mg;NghJ mk;ke;jpfs; fPNo rpe;Jfpd;w fdpfSf;fhf vjpHghHj;Jj; NjtHfSk; nfQ;rpf;

nfhz;bUg;ghHfs;.

 fhdtHfshfpa NtLtHfs; jk; fz;fshy; cw;W Nehf;fp me;j rhdtHfisf; fPNo

tUkhW mioj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;ghHfs;.

 thdpNy ,q;Fk; rpj;jHfs; gyUk; mbf;fb te;J te;J fharpj;jp %ypiffis tsHj;Jf;
nfhz;bUg;ghHfs;.

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ghly; 2

Koq;Fjpiug; GdyUtp foq;nfd Kj;jhLk;

Kw;wnkq;Fk; gue;J ngz;fs; rpw;wpiyf; nfhz;NlhLk;
fpoq;Ffps;spj; NjndLj;J tsk;ghb ebg;Nghk;
fpk;Gupapd; nfhk;ngLj;J ntk;Gjpid ,bg;Nghk;
nrOq;Fuq;F Njkhtpd; goq;fisg; ge;jbf;Fk;
NjdyH rz;gf thrk; thDyfpy; ntbf;Fk;
toq;F nfhil kfuhrH FWk;gytpd; <rH
tsk;ngUFk; jpup$l kiynaq;fs; kiyNa
1. Koq;Fjpiug; GdyUtp foq;nfd Kj;jhLk;
Kw;wnkq;Fk; gue;J ngz;fs; rpw;wpiyf; nfhz;NlhLk;
(m); jpiu vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ? - miy
(M) ‘Koq;Fjpiug; GdyUtp foq;nfd Kj;jhLk;’ ,q;F ,lk;ngw;w mzpahJ
– caHT etpw;rp mzp

2. Koq;Fjpiug; GdyUtp foq;nfd Kj;jhLk;

Kw;wnkq;Fk; gue;J ngz;fs; rpw;wpiyf; nfhz;NlhLk;
(m) Kj;jhLk; vd;gjhy; ePH tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ ahJ
(M) rpw;wpy; vd;why; vd;d - rpWFbir

3. fpoq;Ffps;spj; NjndLj;J tsk;ghb ebg;Nghk;

fpk;Gupapd; nfhk;ngLj;J ntk;Gjpid ,bg;Nghk;
(m) NjndLj;J vd;gJ vt;tifg; GzHr;rp - ,ay;Gg; GzHr;rp
(M) fpk;Gup vd;gJ ahJ – Mz;ahid

4. fpoq;Ffps;spj; NjndLj;J tsk;ghb ebg;Nghk;

fpk;Gupapd; nfhk;ngLj;J ntk;Gjpid ,bg;Nghk;
(m) ntk;Gjpid vd;why; vd;d – tWj;jjpid
(M) ,bg;Nghk; vdf; $WNthH ahH

5. nrOq;Fuq;F Njkhtpd; goq;fisg; ge;jbf;Fk;

NjdyH rz;gf thrk; thDyfpy; ntbf;Fk;

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 (m) nrOq;Fuq;F vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ – tsg;gkhd Fuq;F
(M) Njkh vd;gjhy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; jhtuk; vd;d – khkuk;

6. nrOq;Fuq;F Njkhtpd; goq;fisg; ge;jbf;Fk;

NjdyH rz;gf thrk; thDyfpy; ntbf;Fk;
(m) ‘NjdyH rz;gf thrk; thDyfpy; ntbf;Fk;’ vd;gJ vt;tif mzp
(M) thDyF vd;gjd; fUj;J - NjtcyF

7. toq;F nfhil kfuhrH FWk;gytpd; <rH

tsk;ngUFk; jpup$l kiynaq;fs; kiyNa
(m) toq;F nfhil vd;gJ vt;tifj;njhif -tpidj;njhif
(M) kfuhrH vdf;Fwpg;gplg;gl;ltH ahH – jpUf;Fw;why ehjd;

8. toq;F nfhil kfuhrH FWk;gytpd; <rH

tsk;ngUFk; jpup$l kiynaq;fs; kiyNa
(m) ,q;F ‘nfhil’ vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ - mUs;
(M) ‘kiy’ vd;gjw;fhd kWngaH ahJ – fpup> Fd;W> tiu

1. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s kiytsj;jpd; rpwg;Gf;fs; vit

 Kof;fkpLk; miyfisAila ePH tPo;r;rpahdJ jhDk; foq;fhLtJ Nghy
Kj;Jf;fisr; nrhupe;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; vd;gjD}L ePH tsk;kpf;f kiyahff;
Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ

 fhdtHfs; kidfspd; Kw;wq;fsp;y; vy;yhk; ePuhdJ gutpg; ngz;fspd;

rpw;wpy;fisAk; mt;tUtp ePuhdJ nfhz;L Xbf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; vd;gjD}L
kpFjpahd ePiuf;nfhz;l kiyahf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ

 kiyr;rhuy;fspNy fpoq;Ffisf; fps;sp vLj;Jk; Njd; ,why;fis (Njd;$L /

Njd;tij) vLj;Jk; kiy tsq;fisg; ghbAk; ehq;fs; eldkhLNthk;. vd;gjD}L
fpoq;Fk; kpFjpa Njd; tijfisAk; nfhz;l ehlhFk;.

 fspw;W ahidfspd; nfhk;Gfis xbj;Jf; nfhzHe;J G+z;G+l;b mjdhNy tWj;j

jpidapid cuypNyapl;L ,bg;Nghk;. vd;gjD}L tWj;j jpidaup ,k;kiyapNy
tpistjhff; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ.

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 Fuq;Ffs; ,dpa khkuj;jpd; tskhd goq;fisg; gwpj;Jg; gwpj;Jg; ge;hjLtJ Nghy;
vwpe;J nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
 Njd; ngUfpapUf;Fk; nrz;gf kyHfspd; thrNkh thDyfpYk; nrd;W guTk;.

2. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; vit

 fpoq;Ffisf; fps;sp vLj;Jk; Njd; ,why;fis czthf vLj;J tho;e;jdH
 kiy tsq;fisg; ghbAk; ehq;fs; eldkhLNthk;. vd;gjD}L Mly; ghly;
mk;kf;fspd; tho;tpay; mk;rkhFk;
 tWj;j jpidapid cuypNyapl;L ,bg;Nghk; vd;gjD}L jpid mk;kf;fspd;
tho;Tzthf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ
3. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s jpUf;Fw;why ehjUila Gfiof; Fwpg;gpLf
 mUNshL mbatHfSf;F toq;Fk; nfhilj; jd;ikapidAila kfuhrH
jpUf;Fw;why ehjH FWk;gyhtpdbapNy Nfhapy; nfhz;bUf;Fk; <rd;
\\ toq;F nfhil kfuhrH FWk;gytpd; <rH ||

4. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s mzpapid tpsf;Ff.

 ePH tPo;r;rpahdJ jhDk; foq;fhLtJ Nghy Kj;Jf;fisr; nrhupe;J
nfhz;bUf;Fk; . ,J ctikazpahFk; ,q;F
ctkhdk; - foq;fhLjy;
ctNkak; - ePH Kj;Jf;fisr; nrhupjy;
nghJj;jd;ik – Rod;whLjy;
 Njd; ngUfpapUf;Fk; nrz;gf kyHfspd; thrNkh thDyfpYk; nrd;W guTk;
vd;gjd; %yk; NjtHfSf;Fk;> Njt cyfpw;Fk; nrz;gf kyupd; thrk; guTtJ
vaHT etpw;rp mzpahFk;

ghly; 3

#oNkjp ,wq;Fk; Jiwapy;

nrhupAk; ghiyg; gUfpa this
$io thrg; gyhtpdpy; gha
nfhOk; gyhf;fdp thioapy; rha
thio rha;e;njhU jhioapy; jhf;f
tUtpUe;Jf;F cgrupg;ghH Nghy;
jhio Nrhwpl thio FUj;jpLk;
re;jpu #lH njd; Mupa ehNl

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 1. #oNkjp ,wq;Fk; Jiwapy;
nrhupAk; ghiyg; gUfpa this
(m) #o vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ - $l;lk;
(M) ‘Nkjp’ vd;gjd; fUj;J - vUik

2. #oNkjp ,wq;Fk; Jiwapy;

nrhupAk; ghiyg; gUfpa this
(m) ‘Jiw’ vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ - ePHepiy
(M) ‘nrhupAk; ghiyg; gUfpa this’ vd;gJ vt;tif mzp
caHTetpw;rp mzp

3. $io thrg; gyhtpdpy; gha

nfhOk; gyhf;fdp thioapy; rha
(m) nfhok; gyhf;fdp vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ - rpf;Fz;l gyhf;fdp
(M) gyhtpdpw; gha;e;jJ vJ – this kPd;

4. thio rha;e;njhU jhioapy; jhf;f

tUtpUe;Jf;F cgrupg;ghH Nghy;
(m) jhio vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ - jhior; nrb
(M) tUtpUe;J vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ – tUk; tpUe;jpdHfs;

5. thio rha;e;njhU jhioapy; jhf;f

tUtpUe;Jf;F cgrupg;ghH Nghy;
jhio Nrhwpl thio FUj;jpLk;
re;jpu #lH njd; Mupa ehNl

(m) ,q;F ,lk;ngw;w mzp ahJ - ctikazp

(M) re;jpu #lH vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ
gpiwr;re;jpuidj; jiyapNy #batH

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1. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ehl;L tsj;jpd; rpwg;Gf;fs; vit
 vUik khLfs; $l;lq;$l;lkhf ,wq;Ffpd;w ePHj;Jiwia cila ehL
 this kPd;fs;
 ghiyr; nrhupAk; gRf;fs;; kpf;f ehL
 gyh> thio> njd;id Kjypa gad;jU kuq;fs; fhzg;gLk; ehL

2. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; vit

 tUgtHfis cgrupf;Fk; kdg;ghq;F cilatHfs; ,k;kiyapNy
fhzg;gl;ldH
\tUtpUe;Jf;F cgrupg;ghH Nghy;
jhio Nrhwpl thik FUj;jpLk; |

3. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s mzpapid tpsf;Ff.

 tpUe;jpdHfis cgrupg;gtHfs; Nghy jhioahdJ G+f;fisr; NrhW Nghyr;
nrhupa thioahdJ mjidg; ngWtjw;fhj; jdJ FUj;J ,iyia
tpupf;fpwJ.
ctkhdk; - tUk; tpUe;jpdHfSf;F cztspj;jy;
ctNkak; - jhio g+r;nrhupa thio FUj;jpLjy;
nghJj;jd;ik – cztspj;jy;

ghly; 4

khjk; %d;W kio cs;s ehL

tU\k; %d;W tpisT cs;s ehL
Ntjk; %d;Wk; gyh cs;s ehL
tpNr\ %d;Wk; Fyh cs;s ehL
Nghjk; %d;W eyk; nra;Ak; ehL
Gtdk; %d;Wk; tyk; nra;Ak; ehL
ehjk; %d;W cUthd Fw;why
ehjU Mupa ehL vq;fs; ehNl

1. ghlYk; nghUs; tpsf;fKk;

khjk; - %d;W kio cs;s ehL
khjk; jtwhky; %d;W kio nghopfpd;w ehL

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 tU\k; - %d;W tpisT cs;s ehL
tUlk; %d;W Nghfq;fs; tPjk; tpisfpd;w ehL.

Ntjk; - %d;Wk; gyh cs;s ehL

Ntjq;fNs NtH> kuk;> gad; vd %d;whfTk; mike;j FWk; gyh
kuj;jpid cila ehL

tpNr\ - %d;Wk; Fyh cs;s ehL

epj;jpak;> iekpj;jpak;> fhkpak; Mfpa %tifr; rpwg;Gf;fSk; jtwhky;
jpfo;fpd;w ehL.

Nghjk; - %d;W eyk; nra;Ak; ehL

gpwg;G> tho;T> ,wg;G vd;Dk; %d;W epiyfspYk; ed;ik tpistpf;Fk;
rpt ehL.

Gtdk; - %d;Wk; tyk; nra;Ak; ehL

%d;W Gtdq;fshfpa Nky;> eL> fPo; Mfpaitfspy; cs;shH
midtUk; tyk; nra;J Nghw;Wk; ehL

ehjk; - %d;W cUthd Fw;whyehjH

ehj jj;Jtj;jpd; nka;g;nghUshf mup> mad;> mud; vd %d;WUthf
tpsq;Fk; Fw;why ehjupd
1. khjk; %d;W kio cs;s ehL
tUlk; %d;W tpisT cs;s ehL
(m) ,q;F fwpg;gplg;gLk; ehL vJ – jpUf;Fw;why kiy
(M) tpisT vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ – tpisr;ry;

2. Ntjk; %d;Wk; gyh cs;s ehL

tpN\r %d;Wk; Fyh cs;s ehL
(m) tpN\r %d;Wk; vd;why; vd;d? %d;W G+irfs;
(M) Fyh cs;s vd;gjhy; ePH fUJtJ ahJ? tpsq;Ffpd;w

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 3. Nghjk; %d;W eyk; nra;Ak; ehL
Gtdk; %d;Wk; tyk; nra;Ak; ehL
(m) Nghjk; vd;gJ ahJ – gpwg;G> tho;T> ,wg;G
(M) eyk; nra;jy; vd;why; vd;d – gad; jUjy;

4. ehjk; %d;W cUthd Fw;why

ehju; Mupa ehL vq;fs; ehNl
(m) ehjk; %d;W vdf;Fwpg;gplg;gl;ltH ahtH – mup>mad;>mud;
(M) ,g;ghly; ,lk;ngw;w ,yf;fpak; - jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rp

2. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ehl;L tsj;jpd; rpwg;Gf;fs; vit

 khjk; jtwhky; %d;W kio nghopfpd;w ehL

 %d;W Nghfq;fs; tPjk; tpisfpd;w ehL.
 FWk; gyh kuj;jpid cila ehL

3. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s kiy ehl;bd; rpwg;Gf;fs; vit

 Ntjj;Jtj;ij ntspg;gLj;Jk; gyhkuq;fs;
 epj;jpak;> iekpj;jpak;> fhkpak; Mfpa %tifr; rpwg;Gf;fSk; jtwhky;
jpfo;fpd;w ehL
 gpwg;G> tho;T>
 ,wg;G vd;Dk; %d;W epiyfspYk; ed;ik tpistpf;Fk; rpt ehL.
 %d;W Gtdq;fshfpa Nky;> eL> fPo; Mfpaitfspy; cs;shH midtUk;
tyk; nra;J Nghw;Wk; ehL.
 ehj jj;Jtj;jpd; nka;g;nghUshf mup> mad;> mud; vd %d;WUthf
tpsq;Fk; Fw;why ehju;

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ghly; 5

ePq;ff; fhz;gJ NrHe;jtH ghtk;

neUq;ff; fhz;gJ fd;dypw; nre;ney;
J}q;ff; fhz;gJ khk;gof; nfhj;J
Royf; fhz;gJ G+e;japH kj;J
tPq;ff; fhz;gd kq;ifaH nfhq;if
ntbf;ff; fhz;gJ nfhy;iyapy; Ky;iy
Vq;ff; fhz;gJ kq;fy Ngupif
<rd; Mupa ehL vq;fs; ehNl

1. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ehl;L tsj;jpd; rpwg;Gf;fs; vit

 ,e;ehl;bNy vk;kUq;Fk; neUq;fpf; fplf;ff; fhz;gnjy;yhk; tay;fspNyAs;s
fUk;Gk; nre;ney;YnkahFk;.
 ,q;Nf njhq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;ff; fhz;gnjy;yhk; khk;gof; nfhj;Jf;fs; jhk;.
 ,q;Nf Rod;W nfhz;bUf;ff; fhz;gnjy;yhk; japH filAk; mofpa kj;Jf;fs;
jhk;.
 ,q;Nf tPq;fpg; gUj;J tpsq;ff; fhz;gnjy;yhk; kq;ifaupd; nfhq;iffs; jhk;.
 ntbf;ff; fhz;gnjy;yhk; Njhl;lj;jpNyAs;s Ky;iyaUk;Gfs; jhk;

2. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s kiy ehl;bd; rpwg;Gf;fs; vit

 ,e;ehl;bid te;J NrHe;jpUg;gtHfs; jq;fsplk; ,Ue;J Ngha;tplf;

fhz;gnjy;yhk; jk;kplKs;s ghtq;fNsahFk;.

 Vq;ff; fhz;gnjy;yhk; kq;fykhd Ngupiffspd; xypNaahk;.

 <rUf;Fr; nrhe;jnkd Nkyhd ehNl vq;fSila ehlhFk;.

3. gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;Fr; RUf;fkhd tpil jUf

1. ePq;ff; fhz;gJ NrHe;jtH ghtk;

neUq;ff; fhz;gJ fd;dypw; nre;ney;

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 (m) ,g;ghliyg; ahH $Wtjhf mikfpd;wJ – Fwj;jp my;yJ tre;jty;yp
(M) NrHe;jtH vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ – kiyia mile;jtH

2. ePq;ff; fhz;gJ NrHe;jtH ghtk;

neUq;ff; fhz;gJ fd;dypw; nre;ney;
(m) fd;dy; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ – fUk;G
(M) nre;ney; vd;gH vt;tifj; njhif

3. J}q;ff; fhz;gJ khk;gof; nfhj;J

Royf; fhz;gJ G+e;japH kj;J
(m) ,q;F $l;lj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; ngaH vJ – nfhj;J
(M) G+e;japH vd;gjd; fUj;j – RitAs;s japH

4. tPq;ff; fhz;gd kq;ifaH nfhq;if

ntbf;ff; fhz;gJ nfhy;iyapy; Ky;iy
(m) nfhq;if vd;gjd; fUj;j ahJ - jdk;> khHG
(M) nfhy;iy vd;why; vd;d – Njhl;lk;

5. Vq;ff; fhz;gJ kq;fy Ngupif

<rd; Mupa ehL vq;fs; ehNl
(m) kq;fyg; Ngupif vJ -
(M) Mupa ehL vJ – jpUf;Fw;why kiy

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