Macaroncio, Sheila May I.

Art Appreciation
BAPS 2-1 Assumption of Art

ASSESSMENTS

1. Clearly differentiate the five theories of art.

a. What are the assumptions of each theory?
b. What are the criticisms of each theory?
c. What are their commonalities?

To begin, individuals are allowed to delve into the artwork and offer it their own
interpretation when viewing abstract art. The viewer's experience of an artwork is
enhanced by this extremely intimate approach. Its argument is that "abstract" modern
art is actually meaningless. This is distinct from expressionism, an artistic movement
where the artist attempts to capture the subjective feelings and reactions that things and
events elicit inside the viewer rather than objective fact. Expressionism did not fit with
the style of thinking and emotion of the Latin nations.

Formalism, on the other hand, refers to the critical viewpoint that a piece of art's
form, or how it was created and its purely visual elements, rather than its narrative
content or link to the visible world, is what matters most. The main issue with formalism,
however, was that it failed to properly offer a piece of art autonomy when debating
meaning due to its concentration on formal features. While romanticism is a literary and
artistic movement characterized by a fresh interest in human psychology, the expression
of individual emotion, and a fascination with the natural environment. Romantic art
critique set itself apart by concentrating on the piece to discover its "immanent
regularity."

In the end, since the abstract concept that art should have its own reality and not
be a replica of something else it was extended by minimalism, which is what we get in
the end. With minimalism, the artist wants the audience to focus solely on what is in
front of them and makes no attempt to reflect an external world. The drawback of this is
that it has given rise to some of the most obscure, perplexing criticism ever written.

2. Give at least one or two examples of each theory of arts being applied in
the nine major kinds of arts namely:

1. Sculpture
a. Abstractionism – Recumbent Figure by Henry Moore
b. Expressionism – Cascade by Louise Nevelson
c. Formalism – Pluto and Proserpina by Gian Lorenzo Bernini
d. Romanticism – Departure of the Volunteers by François Rude
Macaroncio, Sheila May I. Art Appreciation
BAPS 2-1 Assumption of Art

e. Minimalism – Rainbow Pickett by Judy Chicago

2. Painting
a. Abstractionism – Number 1 (Lavender Mist) by Jackson Pollock
b. Expressionism – Nu Couché by Amedeo Modigliani
c. Formalism – Two Musicians by Joseph Catanzaro
d. Romanticism – Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix
e. Minimalism – Red Circle on Black by Jiro Yoshihara

3. Architecture
a. Abstractionism – Case Study No. 8 by Charles and Ray Eames
b. Expressionism – Einstein Tower by Erich Mendelsohn
c. Formalism – Mark Taper Forum by Welton Becket
d. Romanticism – Royal Pavilion by John Nash
e. Minimalism - Museum of Islamic Art by I.M. Pei and Jean-Michel
Wilmotte

4. Literature
a. Abstractionism – Take "relaxation," for example. You might explain that
abstraction further by describing the feel of the sun on your skin, the taste
of a piña colada on your tongue, the smell of the ocean nearby, and the
smooth sounds of Michael Bolton on your iPod.
b. Expressionism – The Awakening of the Spring, 1891 by Frank
Wedekind
c. Formalism – a formalist reading of a poem would focus on its rhythms,
rhymes, cadences, and structure.
d. Romanticism – Lélia by George Sand
e. Minimalism – The Red Wheelbarrow by William Carlos Williams

5. Theater
a. Abstractionism – Victory over the Sun by Aleksei Kruchonykh
b. Expressionism – To Damascus by August Strindberg
c. Formalism – Deafman Glance by Robert Wilson
d. Romanticism – The Prince of Homburg by Heinrich von Kleist
e. Minimalism – A Midsummer Night’s Dream of 1971 by Peter Brook

6. Photography
a. Abstractionism – Kinetic Abstract by Andrew Gustar
b. Expressionism – Martha’s Vineyard by Aaron Siskind
c. Formalism – Two Pears, Cushing, ME by Paul Caponigro
d. Romanticism – The Family of Man by Wynn Bullock
Macaroncio, Sheila May I. Art Appreciation
BAPS 2-1 Assumption of Art

e. Minimalism – One of a Kind by Alex Greenshpun

7. Film
a. Abstractionism – As I Lay Dying (2013), directed by James Franco.
b. Expressionism – Nosferatu (1922) directed by Friedrich Wilhelm
Murnau.
c. Formalism – The Maltese Falcon (1941) directed by John Huston.
d. Romanticism – The Book Thief (2013) directed by Brian Percival.
e. Minimalism – Rope (1948) directed by Alfred Hitchcock.

8. Music
a. Abstractionism – Composition with Twelve Tones (1) (1941) by Arnold
Schoenberg
b. Expressionism – Bluebeard’s Castle (1911) by Béla Bartók
c. Formalism – Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District (1936) by Dmitri
Shostakovich
d. Romanticism – Ave Maria (1825) by Franz Schubert
e. Minimalism – Nixon in China (1987) by John Adams

9. Dance
a. Abstraction – Winterbranch by Merce Cunningham
b. Expressionism – Loie Fuller 1902 by Segundo de Chomon
c. Formalism – Reveal the Inner Man by Martha Graham
d. Romanticism – La Péri by Carlotta Grisi
e. Minimalism – Dance (1979) by Lucinda Childs