GRADE

UNDERSTAND RATIONAL
7 NUMBERS CHAPTER-1
 UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
Learning Objectives:

Students will be able to

▪ Understand the meaning of rational numbers

▪ Identify positive and negative integers

𝑝
▪ Write the rational numbers in the form
𝑞

▪ Write rational numbers as decimal form

▪ Differentiate between terminating and non-terminating decimals

▪ Solve problems on rational numbers

 UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
Introduction:
Prior Knowledge:
Use the following picture of rational numbers to answer the following questions:
Integers

Whole Numbers
Natural Numbers

-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Negative Numbers Positive Numbers

1. What are natural numbers?

2. What are whole numbers?
3. What are integers?
4. How do you represent rational numbers on a number line?
 UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
Introduction:

Answers:
1. All positive integers like 1, 2, 3, 4, ……. are natural numbers
2. All natural numbers including zero are whole numbers
3. All negative and positive numbers including zero are called integers
4. Representation of rational numbers can be done on a number line as follows:

-2 -1 1 2

-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
 UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
1.2 Understand Rational Numbers

What is a rational number?

A rational number is a number that is of the
𝑝
form , where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0. Rational Numbers
𝑞 8 2
Rational numbers are denoted by Q. 0.111 3
2

How to identify rational numbers? Integers

𝑝 …,-4,-3,-2,-1,…
▪ It is represented in the form of , where q≠0.
𝑞

𝑝 Whole Numbers
▪ The ratio can be further simplified and
𝑞 0
represented in decimal form.

Natural Numbers
▪ All whole numbers are rational numbers.
1,2,3,4, … 8,…
 UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
1.2 Understand Rational Numbers

Decimal representation of rational numbers:

Rational numbers can be expressed in the form of decimal fractions.

A rational number can have two types of decimal representations:

▪ Terminating.
▪ Non-terminating.
UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
1.2 Understand Rational Numbers

Terminating decimals:
Terminating decimals are those numbers which come to an end after few repetitions after
decimal point.

Example: 0.5, 2.456, 123.456, etc. are all examples of terminating decimals

Non-terminating decimals (repeating):

Non-terminating decimals are those which keep on continuing after decimal point. They do not
come to the end or if they do it is after a long interval.

1
Example: = 0.1428571…. which is a non-terminating repeating decimal
7
UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
1.2 Understand Rational Numbers

Example 1:
5
Convert the fraction, to a decimal.
8
Solution :

0.625
8 5.000
48
20
16
40
40
0

5
So, = 0.625. This is a terminating decimal.
8
UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
1.2 Understand Rational Numbers

Example 2:
7
Convert the fraction to a decimal.
12
Solution:
0.5833
12 7.0000
60
1 00
96
40
36
40
36
4
7
= 0.5833. This is a repeating decimal.
12
The bar over the number, in this case 3,indicates the number or block of numbers.
UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
1.2.1 Understand Rational Numbers

1.2.1 Write rational numbers in decimal form: Terminating decimals

Example 3:
The length and breadth of a rectangle are 7.1 inches and 2.5 inches respectively.
Determine whether the area of the rectangle is a terminating decimal or not.

Solution:
Given, the length of rectangle is 7.1 inches and the breadth of rectangle = 2.5 inches

Area of Rectangle = Length × Breadth = 7.1 inches × 2.5 inches =17.75 inches.

As the number of digits is finite after the decimal point, the area of rectangle is a terminating
decimal.
UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
1.2.1 Understand Rational Numbers

1.2.2 Write rational numbers in decimal form: Repeating decimals

Example 4:
5
Write in decimal form.
3

Solution:
5
Using long division method, we will observe the steps in calculating
3

1.666
3 5
-3
20 Therefore, 1.666... is a non-terminating
18 repeating decimal and can be expressed as 1. 6ത .
20
-18
20
-10
2
 UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
Key Concepts Covered:

▪ Write rational numbers in decimal form: Terminating decimals

▪ Write rational numbers in decimal form: Repeating decimals

▪ Recognize rational numbers in decimal form

UNDERSTAND RATIONAL NUMBERS
Concept Map

Decimal Expansion of Rational Numbers

Decimal Expansion

Terminating Decimal Non-Terminating Decimal

Rational Number
Repeating Decimal Non-repeating Decimal

It can be It can not be

converted into converted into
fraction fraction

Rational Number Irrational Number