MMDSC-1.

4
Sl.No. : Total No. of Pages : 2
I Semester M.Sc. Degree Examination, October - 2022
( CBCS Scheme)
MATHEMATICS
Ordinary Differential Equations
Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80
Instructions: 1) Answer any five full questions.
2) All questions carry equal marks.

Q1) a) Define Homogeneous and Non-Homogeneous second order linear ordinary

differential equations. Give examples for each.
b) If y1 ( x ) and y2 ( x ) are two solutions of y′′ + P ( x ) y′ + Q ( x ) y = 0 on [a, b],
then show that y1 ( x ) and y2 ( x ) are linearly independent if and only if
W ( y1 , y2 ) ≠ 0 .
c) Find the Wronskian of the independent solutions of y′′′ − y′′ − y′ + y = 0 .
[4+8+4]

Q2) a) Find solution φ1 ( x ) and φ2 ( x ) of y′′ + k 2 y = 0 subject to initial conditions

φ1 ( 0 ) = sin α ; φ1' ( 0 ) = − cos α ; φ2 ( 0 ) = cos α and φ2' ( 0 ) = sin α , where k and
α are constants. Also show that W {φ1 ( x ) ,φ2 ( x )} = 1 .
b) Solve by the method of variation of parameter: x 2 y′′ − xy′ − 3 y = x3 .
[10+6]

Q3) Derive Bessel’s function of first kind Jn(x). [16]

Q4) a) Prove that,

J n ( − x ) = ( −1) J n ( x ) = J − n ( x )
n
i)

2
ii) J ( x) = cos x
−
1
2
πx
O-1596 -1- P.T.O.
 MMDSC-1.4
b) Show that,
1
i) P2 ( cosθ ) = (1 + 3cos 2θ )
4
1
ii) P3 ( cosθ ) = ( 3cosθ + 5cosθ )
8
[8+8]

Q5) a) If x 3 + 2 x 2 − x + 1 = a P0 ( x ) + b P1 ( x ) + c P2 ( x ) + d P3 ( x ) , then find a, b, c, d.

b) If q ( x ) < 0 and v(x) is a non-trivial solution of u′′ + qr ( x ) u = 0 , then prove
that v(x) has at most one zero.
[8+8]
Q6) a) If u ( x ) is a non-trivial solution of u′′ + q ( x ) u = 0 and q ( x ) > 0 and
∞

 q ( x ) dx = ∞ , then prove that u ( x ) has infinitely many zeroes on the positive

1
x - axis.
b) State and prove Sturm’s separation theorem.
[8+8]

Q7) a) Obtain Eigen value and Eigen functions for Legendre equations and Laguerre
equations.
b) State and prove orthogonality property of Eigen functions.
[6+10]

Q8) a) Let y p ( x ) be a non-trivial solution of the Bessel’s equation

x 2 y′′ + xy′ + ( x 2 + β 2 ) y = 0, x > 0, β > 0. Then prove the following:
1
i) 0< p<  Every interval of length π contains at least one zero of y p ( x ) .
2
1
ii) p=  The distance between two successive zeroes of y p ( x ) is exactly π .
2
1
iii) p >  Every interval of length π contains atmost one zero of y p ( x ) .
2
b) Obtain eigen value and eigen functions for Legendre equation.
[12+4]

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