Solutions to the Knowledge Assessment

Chapter 7 : Coordinate Geometry

r

1. (d) Let P(x, 0 ) be a point on X-axis Þ x 2 - 26x + 4x - 104 = 0

PA = PB [by splitting the middle term]
Þ PA2 = PB 2 Þ x(x - 26) + 4(x - 26) = 0 (1/2)
2 2 2
Þ (x - 2 ) + (0 + 2 ) = (x + 4) + (0 - 2 ) 2 Þ (x - 26)(x + 4) = 0
[Q by distance formula] Þ x - 26 = 0 or x + 4 = 0
Þ 2 2
x + 4 - 4x + 4 = x + 16 + 8x + 4 Þ x = 26 or x = -4
Þ - 4x + 4 = 8x + 16 When x = 26, then P = (26, 0 ).
Þ x = -1 When x = -4, then P = (-4, 0 ).
Hence, P (- 1, 0 ). So, points are (26, 0 ) and (-4, 0 ). (1/2)
2. (b) Given, A(a, a), B (- a, - a) and C (- 3 a, 3 a). 5. Here, point A lies on Y-axis, so its abscissa is zero and
Using distance formula, we get its ordinate is 4. So, the point A on Y-axis is A(0, 4).
AB = (- a - a)2 + (- a - a)2 Here, A = (x1, y1 ) = (0, 4)
and B = (x 2 , y2 ) = (-3, 1) (1)
= (–2 a)2 + (–2 a)2
2 2
\ AB = (x 2 - x1 ) + ( y2 - y1 ) [by distance formula]
= 4a2 + 4a2 = 8 a2 = 2 2a
2 2
= (-3 - 0 ) + (1 - 4)
BC = (- 3 a + a)2 + ( 3 a + a)2
= (-3)2 + (-3)2
= 3 a2 + a2 - 2 3 a2 + 3 a2 + a2 + 2 3 a2
= 9 + 9 = 18
= 8 a2 = 2 2a = 3 2 units
and AC = (- 3 a - a)2 + ( 3 a - a)2 Hence, the distance between A and B is 3 2 units. (1)
3
= 3 a2 + a2 + 2 3 a2 + 3 a2 + a2 - 2 3 a2 6. Given, points are (k, 0 ) and æç7, ö÷.
è 2ø
= 8 a2 = 2 2a
Now, coordinates of mid-point
\ AB = BC = AC æ 3ö
So, the triangle formed by points A, B and C is an ç k + 7 0 + 2 ÷ æ k + 7 3ö
=ç , ÷=ç , ÷ (1)
equilateral triangle. ç 2 2 ÷ è 2 4ø
è ø
3. (a) Coordinates of the point equidistant from the
é x + x 2 y1 + y2 ö ù
vertices of a DABC are the centroid of the DABC. Q coordinates of mid -point = æç 1 , ÷
êë è 2 2 ø úû
æ x1 + x 2 + x 3 , y1 + y2 + y3 ö = æ 3 - 1 + 4 , -1 - 6 - 1ö
ç ÷ ç ÷ 3
è 3 3 ø è 3 3 ø But coordinates of mid-point are given æç 3, ö÷.
è 4ø
6 -8 -8
= æç , ö÷ = æç2, ö÷ æ 3, 3 ö = æ k + 7 , 3 ö
è3 3 ø è 3 ø \ ç ÷ ç ÷
è 4ø è 2 4ø
4. Let P(x, 0 ) be the point on X-axis. On comparing x-coordinate both sides, we get
Take other point (11, - 8) as Q. k +7
3= Þk +7 = 6
P Q 2
(x, 0) 17 (11, –8)
\ k = -1 (1)
\ PQ = 17
7. Given, a circle with centre O(4a - 2, 6 a + 2 ) passing
Þ (11 - x )2 + (-8 - 0 )2 = 17
through the point (- 6, - 2).
[Q by using distance formula,
B (– 6, – 2)
distance = (x 2 - x1 )2 + ( y2 - y1 )2 ]
2)

40
On squaring both sides, we get
+

O
6a

(11 - x )2 + (-8)2 = 289 (1)

2,
–

121 + x 2 - 22 x + 64 - 289 = 0
a

Þ
(4

A
Þ x 2 - 22 x - 104 = 0
 Given, AB = Diameter = 40 When x = 3, then 2 x = 2 ´ 3 = 6
AB 40 \ A is (3, 6).
Þ = Radius Þ = Radius = OB
2 2 When x = 1, then 2 x = 2 ´ 1 = 2
Þ 20 = OB \ Coordinate of A is (1, 2). (1)
\ 20 = (4a - 2 + 6)2 + (6 a + 2 + 2 )2 Hence, coordinates of point A are (3, 6) and (1, 2).
[using distance formula] (1) 10. Let the required ratio be K : 1 and the point C divides
2 2
Þ 20 = (4a + 4) + (6 a + 4) them in the above ratio.
Þ 2 2
400 = 16 a + 16 + 32 a + 36 a + 16 + 48 a æ 3K + 2 7 K - 2 ö
\ Coordinates of C are ç , ÷
[squaring on both sides] è K +1 K +1ø
Þ 100 = 4a2 + 4 + 8 a + 9a2 + 4 + 12 a [Q by section formula]
[dividing by 4] Since, the point C lies on the given line 2 x + y - 4 = 0
Þ 13 a2 + 20 a - 92 = 0 é æ 3K + 2 ö ù æ 7 K - 2 ö
\ We have, 2 ê ç ÷ú + ç ÷ - 4= 0
- 20 ± 20 2 - 4 ´ (–92 ) ´ 13 ëè K + 1 øû è K + 1 ø
\ a=
26 Þ 2(3K + 2 ) + (7 K - 2 ) = 4 ´ (K + 1) (1)
- 20 ± 400 + 4784 - 20 + 72
= = Þ 6K + 4 + 7 K - 4K - 4 - 2 = 0
26 26
Þ K(6 + 7 - 4) + (- 2 ) = 0 Þ 9K - 2 = 0
[negative sign neglected] 2
=2 (1) Þ K =
9
8. The distance between the points 2
\ The required ratio = K : 1 = : 1 Þ 2 : 9 (1)
A (asin q + bcos q, 0 ) and B(0, acos q - bsin q) 9

= (asin q + bcos q - 0 )2 + { 0 - (acos q - bsin q)} 2 11. Let the point A(x, y ) be equidistant from the points
B(3, 6) and C(- 3, 4) .
= (asin q + bcos q)2 + (acos q - bsin q)2 \ AB = AC
a2 sin 2 q + b2 cos 2 q + 2 absin qcos q Þ (x - 3)2 + ( y - 6)2 = (x + 3)2 + ( y - 4)2 (1/2)
=
2 2 2 2
+ a cos q + b sin q - 2 abcos qsin q (1) [Q by using distance formula,
distance = (x 2 - x1 )2 + ( y2 – y1 )2 ]
= a2 (sin 2 q + cos 2 q) + b2 (cos 2 q + sin 2 q)
On squaring both sides, we get
= a2 + b2 [Q sin 2 A + cos 2 A = 1] (1)
(x - 3)2 + ( y - 6)2 = (x + 3)2 + ( y - 4)2 (1)
2 2
9. Suppose point A has abscissa = x Þ x - 6x + 9 + y - 12 y + 36
Then, its ordinate = 2x = x 2 + 6x + 9 + y 2 - 8 y + 16
\ A is (x, 2 x ). Þ - 6x - 6x - 12 y + 8 y + 36 - 16 = 0 (1)
Þ - 12 x - 4 y + 20 = 0 Þ - 4(3x + y - 5) = 0
Take other point (4,3) as B.
Þ 3x + y - 5 = 0 [Q - 4 ¹ 0 ] (1/2)
A B
(x, 2x) √10 (4, 3) 12. Let A(3, 2), B(0,5), C (-3,2) and D(0,-1) are the
\ (4 - x )2 + (3 - 2 x )2 = AB vertices of square.

[Q by distance formula, distance Now, AB = (3 - 0 )2 + (2 - 5)2 = 9 + 9 = 18 units

[by distance formula]
= (x 2 - x1 )2 + ( y2 - y1 )2 ]
Þ ( AB)2 = 18
16 + x 2 - 8x + 9 + 4x 2 - 12 x = 10 BC = (0 + 3)2 + (5 - 2 )2 = 9 + 9 = 18 units
On squaring both sides, we get Þ (BC )2 = 18 (1)
5x 2 - 20 x + 25 = 10 2 2
2 CD = (-3 - 0 ) + (2 + 1) = 9 + 9 = 18 units
Þ 5x - 20 x + 25 - 10 = 0
2
Þ 5x 2 - 20 x + 15 = 0 (CD ) = 18
Þ x 2 - 4x + 3 = 0 [divided by 5] Also, AD = (3 - 0 )2 + (2 + 1)2 = 9 + 9 = 18 units(1)
2
Þ x - 3x - x + 3 = 0 Þ ( AD )2 = 18
[by splitting the middle term] (1) Here, AB = BC= CD = DA = 18 units
Þ x(x - 3) - 1(x - 3) = 0 Þ (x - 3)(x - 1) = 0
Also, AC = (3 + 3)2 + (2 - 2 )2
\ x - 3 = 0 or x - 1 = 0
Þ x = 3 or x = 1 ( AC )2 = 36
 or BD = (0 - 0 )2 + (-1 - 5)2 = 36 units AP AQ 3
Þ = =
Þ (BD )2 = 36 AP + PB AQ + QC 4
AP 3 AQ 3
Q Diagonal AC = Diagonal BD Þ = and =
AP + PB 4 AQ + QC 4
Hence, ABCD is a square. Hence proved. (1)
Þ 4 AP = 3 AP + 3PB and 4 AQ = 3 AQ + 3QC
13. Given, (a, b) is the mid-point of the line joining the
Þ AP = 3 PB and AQ = 3 QC
points A(10, - 6) and B (k, 4).
AP 3 AQ 3
10 + k - 6 + 4 ö Þ = and =
\ (a, b) = æç , ÷ PB 1 QC 1 (2)
è 2 2 ø
é x + x 2 y1 + y2 ö ù Þ Points P and Q divides the line segment AB and AC
Q mid - point = æç 1 , ÷ in the same ratio 3 : 1.
êë è 2 2 ø úû
10 + k \ The coordinates of P and Q are
Þ (a, b) = æç , - 1ö÷ (1) æ 3 ´ 1 + 1´ 5 3 ´ 5 + 1´ 5ö æ 3 + 5 , 15 + 5 ö
è 2 ø Pç , ÷ = P çè ÷
On comparing the coordinates of both the sides, è 3+ 1 3+ 1 ø 4 4 ø
we get 8 20
10 + k = P æç , ö÷ = P(2, 5)
a= ...(i) è4 4 ø
2
and b = -1 ...(ii) æ 3 ´ 9 + 1´ 5 3 ´ 1 + 1´ 5ö æ 27 + 5 , 3 + 5 ö
and Q ç , ÷ = Q çè ÷
Given, a - 2 b = 18 Þ a - 2 (-1) = 18 [from Eq. (ii)] è 3+ 1 3+ 1 ø 4 4 ø
a + 2 = 18 Þ a = 18 - 2 32 8
Þ = Q æç , ö÷ = Q(8, 2 )
\ a = 16 è 4 4ø
(1)
On putting the value of a in Eq. (i), we get Now, the length of the line segment
10 + k
16 = Þ 10 + k = 32 Þ k = 32 - 10 = 22 (1) PQ = (8 - 2 )2 + (2 - 5)2 = (6)2 + (-3)2
2
= 36 + 9 = 45 = 3 5 units (1)
Now, A = (10, - 6) and B = (22, 4)
16. Let P(x, y ) be the centre of the circle passing through
\ Distance, AB = (x 2 - x1 )2 + ( y2 - y1 )2
the points O(0, 0 ), A(- 2, 1) and B(- 3, 2 ).
= (22 - 10 )2 + [4 - (-6)]2 Then, OP = AP = BP
= (12 )2 + (10 )2 = 144 + 100 3, 2)
B(–
= 244 = 2 61 units (1)
14. Points P(- 5, x ), Q( y, 7 ) and R(1, - 3) are collinear such
P(x, y)
that PQ = QR.
\ Q( y, 7 ) is the mid-point of PR.
,1)

Using the mid-point formula. The coordinates of Q

–2
A(

O(0,0)
which is the mid-point of line joining P(- 5, x ) and
- 5 + 1 - 3 + xö OP = AP Þ OP 2 = AP 2
R(1, - 3) are æç , ÷. Now,
è 2 2 ø Þ x + y 2 = (x + 2 )2 + ( y - 1)2
2

éQ mid -point of (x1, y1 ) and (x 2 , y2 ) is ù Þ x 2 + y 2 = x 2 + y 2 + 4x - 2 y + 5

ê æ x1 + x 2 , y1 + y2 ö ú (1)
ê ç ÷ ú Þ 4x - 2 y + 5 = 0 … (i) (2)
ë è 2 2 ø û 2 2
and OP = BP Þ OP = BP
But the coordinates of Q are ( y, 7 ). Þ x 2 + y 2 = (x + 3)2 + ( y - 2 )2
- 5+ 1 - 4 - 3+ x Þ x 2 + y 2 = x 2 + y 2 + 6x - 4 y + 13
\ y= = = - 2 and =7
2 2 2 Þ 6x - 4 y + 13 = 0 … (ii)
Þ - 3 + x = 14, x = 14 + 3 = 17
On solving Eqs (i) and (ii), we get
Hence, the value of x = 17 and y = - 2. (2) 3 11
AP AQ 3 x = and y =
15. Given, = = 2 2 (2)
AB AC 4
3 11
A (5, 5) Thus, the coordinates of the centre are æç , ö÷
è2 2 ø
3 3 So, radius OP = x 2 + y 2
P Q 9 121 1
1 1 = + = 130 units.
4 4 2 (1)
B (1, 5) C (9, 1) (1)