Module-2-Lessons-1-2

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.
Mission: SLSU will a) develop Science, Technology, and Innovation leaders and professionals; b) produce high-impact technologies
from research and innovations; c) contribute to sustainable development through responsive community engagement programs;
and d) generate revenues to be self-sufficient and financially-viable
Module 2: Communication for Various Purposes
Lesson 1: Visual Communication and

Multimedia
Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
 Conduct an interview to get information;

 Deliver an advertisement persuasively; and
 Describe the four types of speech.
Main Content
“Speech is power. Speech is to persuade, to convert, to compel.”

- Ralph Waldo Emmerson
Many events in human history can be traced back to that one well-written, well-
presented speech. Speeches hold the power to move nations or touch hearts as long
as they’re well thought out. This is why mastering the skill of speech-giving and speech
writing is something we should all aim to achieve.
According to James L. Flanagan in his Speech Communication, “Speech is a

preferred means for communication among humans. It is beginning to be a preferred
means for communication between machines and humans.” But the word “speech” is
often too broad and general. So let’s explore the different types of speeches and
explain their general concepts.
While the core purpose is to deliver a message to an audience, there are four
basic types of speeches which performs different purpose: to inform, to instruct, to
persuade, and to entertain.

1. Informative Speech
This type of speech serves to provide information to your audience. The

information provided by the speaker seeks to simplify a complex subject matter and
theories to make it easier to grasp, and to lessen or eradicate confusion. Unlike
persuasive speech that appeals to the audience’s emotion, informative speech
depends more on facts, studies and theories.
Some examples of informative speeches:

• A teacher telling students about earthquakes
• A student talking about her research
• A travelogue about the Tower of London
• A computer programmer speaking about new software
• A nurse talking about health awareness in a symposium
2. Demonstrative Speech
This type of speech may have similarities with the informative speech in a sense
that it also teaches the audience something. The main difference is, demonstrative
speech serves to teach the audience on how to do a certain thing or to demonstrate
how something works.
A demonstrative speech uses visual aids and/or physical demonstration along

with the information provided.
Some examples of demonstrative speeches:

• How to start your own blog
• How to bake a cake
• How to write a speech
• How to… just about anything
• Tutors explaining how to solve mathematical equations, chefs describing how
to prepare a recipe, and
• The speeches given by developers demonstrating their products are all
examples of demonstrative speeches.
Some might argue that demonstrative speeches are a subclass of informative

speeches, but they’re different enough to be considered two distinct types. It’s like
differentiating between “what is” and “how to”; informative speeches deal with the
theoretical concept while demonstrative speeches look at the topic with a more
practical lens.

3. Persuasive Speech
A persuasive speech works to convince people to change in some way: they

think, the way they do something, or to start doing something that they are not currently
doing. A speech is said to be persuasive if the speaker is trying to prove why his or
her point of view is right, and by extension, persuade the audience to embrace that
point of view. Persuasive speeches differ from other basic types of speeches in the
sense that they can either fail or succeed to achieve their purpose.
Some examples of persuasive speeches:

• Become an organ donor
• Improve your health through better eating
• Television violence is negatively influencing our children
• Become a volunteer and change the world
4. Entertaining Speech
The after-dinner speech is a typical example of an entertaining speech. The

speaker provides pleasure and enjoyment that make the audience laugh or identify
with anecdotal information. The core purpose of an entertaining speech is to amuse
the audience, and obviously, entertain them. They’re usually less formal in nature to
help communicate emotions rather than to simply talk about a couple of facts.
Some examples of entertaining speeches:

• Excuses for any occasion
• Explaining cricket to an American
• Things you wouldn’t know without the movies
• Speeches given by maids of honor or best men at weddings
• Acceptance speeches at the Oscars
• A school’s principal speech before or after a talent show.
Assessment
Activity 1. Follow the instructions given below. (50 points)
1. Think of a topic you are interested to know more.

2. Set objectives by pointing out the prospect ideas you want to recognize.
3. Choose a prospect person who will give more insights about the topic.
4. Craft questions to gather the information you needed.
5. Conduct the interview with the set date and time with your interviewee.
6. Along with the interview, be sure that your conversations will be aligned on your
objectives.

7. Transcribe your entire conversation.
8. Present your output through following the Figure 1.
Figure 1. Format of the Output in Activity 1
Criteria Points
CONTENT (clear and focused Ideas and proper structure of 25
information)
CONVENTIONS (observe proper usage of basic grammar and 10
sentence structure)
PURPOSEFUL (The interview focuses and meets the underlying 15
objectives.)
TOTAL 50
Activity 2. Present a 2-minute advertisement showing you are convincing your

audience to buy your product. Then, make a recording video of your performance
which will be sent any of my personal accounts (G-mail or Messenger).
Criteria Points
PRESENTATION (The advertisement includes an effective 15
opening, body, and conclusion.)
EFFECTIVITY (The advertisement is effective and motivating to 15
the audience.)
TRANSITIONING (The transitions are effective and appealing) 10
TIME ( Minimum of 1 minute and Maximum of 2 minutes) 10
TOTAL 50

Lesson 2: Modes of Delivery
Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
 Describe the different modes of delivery;

 Use principles of effective speech delivery in different situations; and
 Deliver the particular speech with an appropriate and effective use of a specific
delivery mode.
Main Content
Knowing the basic types of speeches is not enough. You will have to consider
the occasion that the speech will be delivered. Different speaking occasions call for
different delivery methods. You may be able to deliver a speech from memory, but for
lengthy speeches, it may require a script. Sometimes, you will have to speak in front
of the crowd without or with little preparation.
Speeches can be categorized into four modes of delivery depending on the

amount of preparation that is undertaken and depending upon the nature of the
occasion. Below are the four modes of delivery.
1. Manuscript
This type of delivery is done by speaking from a written or printed document

that contains the entirety of a speech is known as manuscript delivery. Manuscript
delivery can be the best choice when a speech has complicated information and/or
the contents of the speech are going to be quoted or published.
Novice speakers often resort to this type of delivery because of the security
they feel with having everything they’re going to say in front of them. Unfortunately,
the security they feel with having everything you say at your disposal translates to a
poorly delivered and unengaging speech. Even with every word written out, speakers
can still have fluency hiccups and verbal fillers as they lose their place in the
manuscript or get tripped up over their words. The alternative, of course, is that a
speaker reads the manuscript the whole time, effectively cutting himself or herself off
from the audience.

Strengths of Manuscript Delivery
• The speaker can include precise or complex information such as statistics or

quotes.
• The entire content of the speech is available for reference during the delivery.
• The speech will be consistent in terms of content and time length, which is
beneficial if a speech will be delivered multiple times.
Weaknesses of Manuscript Delivery
• Engagement with the audience is challenging, because the speaker must

constantly reference the manuscript (unless a teleprompter is used).
• Speakers are unable to adapt information to audience reactions, since they are
confined to the content of the manuscript.
• Speakers may be tempted to read the entire speech because they didn’t practice
enough or because they get nervous.
• Speakers who are able to make eye contact with the audience may still sound
like they are reading the speech unless they employ proper vocal variety, pacing,
and pauses.
One way to make a manuscript delivery more engaging is through the use of a
teleprompter. Almost all politicians who give televised addresses use teleprompters
system.
2. Memorized
Completely memorizing a speech and delivering it without notes is known as

memorized delivery. Some attempt to memorize their speech because they think it will
make them feel more confident to not have to look at their notes; however, when their
anxiety level spikes at the beginning of their speech and their mind goes blank, they
may end up just staring at the crowd and don’t know where to start and what to say.
All they just want to do in that kind of moment is to completely vanish and forget
everything what just happened. Many admit they should have chosen a different
delivery method.
The problem with memorized delivery overall is that it puts too much
responsibility on our memory, which we all know from experience is fallible. When
memorizing, most people use rote memorization techniques, which entail reading and
then reciting something over and over until it is committed to memory.

One major downfall of this technique is its effect on speaking rate. When we
memorize this way, we may end up going over the parts of the speech over and over
again and even forget some of the parts. The entire presentation will likely fall apart.
Speakers should practice a speech the exact way they want to deliver it to their
audience. Fast-paced speaking during practice will likely make its way into the actual
delivery of the speech. Delivery also suffers when speaking from memory if the
speaker sounds like he or she is reciting the speech.
Your introduction:
It sets the stage for the entire speech. The words should be well chosen and
rehearsed. You may find that as you repeat this portion of the speech during your
rehearsals you do come to memorize it word for word. If so, this is fine. After all, once
you have determined the best way of saying something, why not use it? Just make
sure the presentation does not sound memorized.
Your conclusion:
The summary and call to action are the final words that your audience will hear.
As with the introduction, if you practice this repeatedly you will develop the best way
to say what you want and you will probably have perfected this portion of the speech.
Strengths of Memorized Delivery
• Speakers can include precise or complex information such as statistics or quotes

(if they have put the time into memorization).
• Speakers can directly engage with the audience without worrying about
referencing notes.
• The speech will be consistent in terms of content and time-length, which is

beneficial if a speech will be delivered multiple times.
• Memorized delivery is very useful for speakers who are going to be moving
around during a speech when carrying notes would be burdensome
Weaknesses of Memorized Delivery
• It is the most time-consuming delivery method.
• Speakers are unable to adapt information to audience reactions, since they are
confined to the content they memorized.
• If speakers lose their place in the speech, they will likely have to start over.

• Since everything is preplanned, it is difficult to make the speech content and
delivery seem genuine (i.e., humor may seem “canned” or corny).
• The speech can sound like a recitation if the proper vocal variety and pacing are
not used.
• Spontaneity is gone. The speech can sound stilted. Often, delivery is too rapid.
Concentration is on the words, not the ideas.
3. Extemporaneous
The word ‘extemporaneous’ comes from Latin word ‘ex tempore’ which means
‘grows out of time’. In this type of speech, the speaker will be given a little time for
preparation and practice of his speech. The speech is spoken, carried out, or
composed with little or no preparation or forethought.
Extemporaneous delivery entails memorizing the overall structure and main

points of a speech and then speaking from keyword/key-phrase notes. It brings in
some of the spontaneity of impromptu delivery but still allows a speaker to carefully
plan the overall structure of a speech and incorporate supporting materials that include
key facts, quotations, and paraphrased information.
When preparing a speech that you will deliver extemporaneously, you will want
to start practicing your speech early and then continue to practice as you revise your
content. Investing quality time and effort into the speech-outlining process helps with
extemporaneous delivery. As you put together your outline, you are already doing the
work of internalizing the key structure of your speech. Read parts of your outline aloud
as you draft them to help ensure they are written in a way that makes sense and is
easy for you to deliver. Take out information that you know well and replace it with a
keyword or key phrase that prompts your memory. You’ll probably want to leave key
quotes, facts, and other paraphrased information, including your verbal source citation
information, on your delivery outline so you make sure to include it in your speech.
Strengths of Extemporaneous Delivery
• Speech content and delivery appear more spontaneous and natural, making it
more conversational, since the speaker is using a keyword/key-phrase outline.
• Speakers can include quotes or complex information on their speaking outline

for easy reference.
• Speakers can adapt information and delivery to specific audiences, occasions,

and audience reactions, since they are not confined to the content of a
manuscript or what they memorized.

Weaknesses of Extemporaneous Delivery
• Since the speech is so adaptable, it can be difficult to ensure the speech will be
the exact same length each time.
• It is perhaps not the best option when exact wording is expected.
• Speakers must find a balance between having too much content on their
speaking outline, which may cause them to read, and too little content, which
may lead to fluency hiccups.
4. Impromptu
Have you ever tried speaking in front of the public because the person who is
supposed to speak is not present and you have to take his part? You are caught
completely off guard, yet you have to do task.
This type of delivery happens when the speaker delivers the speech without
predetermination or preparation of any notes, no practice, and no prior notice to speak
in public.
Although impromptu speaking arouses anxiety, it is also a good way to build

public speaking skills. Only skilled public speakers with much experience are usually
able to “pull off” an impromptu delivery without looking unprepared. Otherwise, a
speaker who is very familiar with the subject matter can sometimes be a competent
impromptu speaker, because their expertise can compensate for the lack of research
and organizing time.
When Mark Twain famously said, “It usually takes me more than three weeks
to prepare a good impromptu speech,” he was jokingly pointing out the difficulties of
giving a good impromptu speech, essentially saying that there is no such thing as a
good impromptu speech, as good speeches take time to prepare. We don’t always
have the luxury of preparation, though. So when speaking impromptu, be brief, stick
to what you know, and avoid rambling. Quickly organize your thoughts into an
introduction, body, and conclusion. Try to determine three key ideas that will serve as
the basis of your main points.
Example:
If you are at a meeting for work and you are representing the public relations
department, a colleague may ask you to say a few words about a recent news story
involving a public relations misstep of a competing company. In this case, you are
being asked to speak on the spot because of your expertise.

Strengths of Impromptu Delivery
• Content and delivery are spontaneous, which can make the speech more
engaging (if a speaker’s anxiety is under control).
• It enhances public speaking skills because speakers have to “think on their feet.”
Weaknesses of Impromptu Delivery
• It is typically the most anxiety-inducing delivery method, since speakers do not

have time to prepare or practice the speech.
• Speakers may get off topic or ramble if they did not set up some structure to
guide them.
• Speakers may be tempted to overstate or mislead an audience about the extent

of their knowledge or expertise if asked to speak about something they aren’t
familiar with.
Assessment
Activity 1. Memorize and master the 2-minute speech entitled “Being Unstoppable”
which was shown below. Then, make a recording video of your performance which will
be sent any of my personal accounts (G-mail or Messenger).
Criteria Points
PREPARATION(A speech which is neat and professional, 10
build good rapport)
SKILL PRESENTATION (Give excellent responses, 25
knowledgeable of the position applying for, and exhibit good
interpersonal skills )
DELIVERY (Observed mannerisms in gestures and 15
phrases, enunciation of the words, proper language of the
responses)
TOTAL 50

Activity 2. Be prepared for the impromptu speech. I will contact you through phone
calls to directly give you the question and immediately state your answer. Questions
focus on general ideas which talk more about LIFE and EXPERIENCES. I will post the
schedule for the students who will be contacted on assigned day to prepare and to be
guided.
Criteria Points
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION (The speaker should exhibit 10
consistency in voice and tone.)
VOCALICS (The speaker addresses with good volume and 10
projection. The rate is steady which is more comprehensive in
expressing the ideas. )
CONTENT (The speaker demonstrates understanding of the 15
prompt and provides solid supporting details.)
CONTINUITY (The speaker’s ideas flows smoothly with proper 10
pauses.)
TIME (The speech has its maximum time frame of eight minutes 5
and minimum of 3 minutes.)
TOTAL 50

BEING UNSTOPPABLE
Nate Chai
It’s not easy.
That’s the first thing you need to know.
There are a million people out there that will tell you that it’s easy to be successful, that you can be wealthy beyond
your wildest dreams by working two hours a day, that you can find your dream partner by swiping left and right on your
phone!
That’s a big lie.
You want your dream life? You want the big house? You want a partner that loves you with their whole heart? All it
takes is a promise:
“I won’t stop”
Five years of toil, five years of pushing yourself, five years of evolving you, your life, and your mind.
Five years of uncertainty, five years of fear, five years of society telling you that you *can’t*.
That’s “all” it takes.
The road to success isn’t easy, it isn’t “fun,” and it isn’t without sacrifice.
But it is simple.
Not till I make my million, not till I’ve conquered my mountain, not till I lead the life I deserve!
I.
Won’t.
Stop.
Every day you have 24 hours to move one step closer to your dream. That’s it. That’s all you have to do. A single step,
every day.
People call it transformation.
They’re WRONG.
It’s evolution.
You adapt, you improve, you grow.
When you make that promise to yourself, and keep that promise to yourself. You won’t notice it at first, maybe not
after the first week, maybe not even after the first month. But one day, you’ll be sitting at the top of whatever mountain
you’ve decided to conquer and be grateful that you made a three-word promise to yourself.
*For Activity 1 in Lesson 2


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Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

Lesson 1: Visual Communication and

Intended Learning Outcomes

 Conduct an interview to get information;

“Speech is power. Speech is to persuade, to convert, to compel.”

According to James L. Flanagan in his Speech Communication, “Speech is a

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

This type of speech serves to provide information to your audience. The

Some examples of informative speeches:

A demonstrative speech uses visual aids and/or physical demonstration along

Some examples of demonstrative speeches:

Some might argue that demonstrative speeches are a subclass of informative

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

A persuasive speech works to convince people to change in some way: they

Some examples of persuasive speeches:

The after-dinner speech is a typical example of an entertaining speech. The

Some examples of entertaining speeches:

Activity 1. Follow the instructions given below. (50 points)

1. Think of a topic you are interested to know more.

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

Figure 1. Format of the Output in Activity 1

Activity 2. Present a 2-minute advertisement showing you are convincing your

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

Intended Learning Outcomes

 Describe the different modes of delivery;

Speeches can be categorized into four modes of delivery depending on the

This type of delivery is done by speaking from a written or printed document

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

• The speaker can include precise or complex information such as statistics or

Weaknesses of Manuscript Delivery

• Engagement with the audience is challenging, because the speaker must

Completely memorizing a speech and delivering it without notes is known as

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

Strengths of Memorized Delivery

• Speakers can include precise or complex information such as statistics or quotes

• The speech will be consistent in terms of content and time-length, which is

Weaknesses of Memorized Delivery

• It is the most time-consuming delivery method.

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

Extemporaneous delivery entails memorizing the overall structure and main

Strengths of Extemporaneous Delivery

• Speakers can include quotes or complex information on their speaking outline

• Speakers can adapt information and delivery to specific audiences, occasions,

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

• It is perhaps not the best option when exact wording is expected.

Although impromptu speaking arouses anxiety, it is also a good way to build

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

Weaknesses of Impromptu Delivery

• It is typically the most anxiety-inducing delivery method, since speakers do not

• Speakers may be tempted to overstate or mislead an audience about the extent

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

It’s not easy.

That’s the first thing you need to know.

That’s a big lie.

That’s “all” it takes.

People call it transformation.

You adapt, you improve, you grow.

*For Activity 1 in Lesson 2

Vision: A high quality corporate university of Science, Technology and Innovation.

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