relative motion-Prdk-16

Relative Motion -(1)
Single correct (+3, 1)

1. Two men A and B are running with velocities 5 î m/s and - 5 î m/s respectively. The rain is
falling vertically downward with the velocity -5 3 ĵ m/s. In order to be safe from rain in which
direction they should keep their umbrellas?
0
(A) Both should keep the umbrella 60 from the positive x-axis.
(B) Both should keep the umbrella 1200 from the positive x-axis.
(C) Man A should keep the umbrella at 600 and B at 1200 from positive x-axis.
(D) Man A should keep the umbrella at 1200 and B at 600 from the positive x-axis.
2. A boy throws a ball in a train moving at a speed of 18 kmph, with a velocity of 15 2 m/s at an
angle of 45 to the horizontal in the direction of motion of train. The angle with which it strikes the
plane of projection w.r.t. an observer watching from the road near by to the train is
(A) 45 (B) 60
(C) 37 (D) none of these
3. In the given figure,

v br = velocity of boat with respect to still water 
 vbr
v r = velocity of water
W 
W = width of river 
  vr
Now, if | v br | = 2| v r |
(A) the minimum drift would be zero & corresponding value of  is 90.
(B) the minimum drift would be zero & corresponding value of  is 120.
(C) the minimum drift would be 3W & corresponding value of  = 120
(D) the minimum drift would be 2W & corresponding value of  = 90
4. A river is flowing from west to east. A boat is sailing with its sail open such that wind imparts
motion to the boat. The wind is blowing from east to west. The boat has to cross the river in
least time. Assume the banks of the river to be parallel. In this case
(A) the resultant of the velocities of river, wind and boat must be in a direction perpendicular to
the banks of river.
(B) the boat’s velocity must be in a direction perpendicular to the banks of river.
(C) minimum time will depend upon the velocities of river and wind.
(D) none of the above
5. The current velocity of a river is directly proportional to the y
perpendicular distance from its bank and is its maximum ‘v0’ in
the middle. Near the banks the velocity is zero. A boat is moving
v0
in the river such that its velocity u relative to the river flow is c
constant and perpendicular. Find the horizontal drift through
which the boat crossing the river will be carried away by the O x
current if the width of the river is c.
v c v c
(A) 0 (B) 0
4u 2u
2v 0 c
(C) (D) None of these
3u
6. An aeroplane flies along straight line from A to B with speed V and back again with the same
speed. The wind blows perpendicular to line AB with speed v. The distance between A and B is
. The total time for the round trip is
2 2v 2V 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2 2 2
V v V V v v V v V  v2
2
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7. A racing car is travelling along a straight track at a constant velocity of 40

m/s. A fixed TV camera is recording the event as shown in fig. In order to 40 m/s
30 m
keep the car in view, in the position shown, the angular speed with which 300
the camera should be rotated is
(A) 4/3 rad/s (B) 3/4 rad/s
(C) 8/33 rad/s (D) 1 rad /s
8. A particle is moving eastward with a velocity of 5 m/s. In 10 s the velocity changes to 5 m/s
northward. The average acceleration in this time is
(A)zero (B) (1/2) m/s2 towards north-west
2
(C) (1/2)m/s towards north-east (D) (1/2) m/s2 towards north west.
9. Rain appears to fall vertically downward to a man running at the rate of 10 m/s towards east. If
he doubles his speed in the same direction then the rain appears to make an angle of 300 with
the vertical. The actual speed and direction of the rain w.r.t. ground is
0
(A) 20 m/s at an angle of 30 with the vertical downwards east
0
(B) 20 m/s at an angle of 30 with the vertical downwards towards west
0
(C)103 at an angle of 30 with the vertical downward towards east.
(D) 103 at an angle of 300 with the vertical downward towards west.
10. A swimmer wishes to reach directly opposite bank of a river, flowing with velocity 8 m/s. The
swimmer can swim 10 m/s in still water. The width of the river is 480 m. Time taken by him to do
so:
(A) 60 sec (B) 48 sec (C) 80 sec (D) None of these
11. A man wants to reach a point on the other bank of a river that is directly opposite to his starting
point. River flows at the rate of 4 km/hr. and swimming speed of the man relative to water is 3
km/hr. Then
(A) To reach the desired point he should start swimming at an angle of cos-1 (3/4) towards down
stream
(B) To reach the desired point he should start swimming at an angle of cos-1 (-3/4) towards up
stream
(C)To reach the desired point he should start swimming at an angle of cos-1 (4/3) with stream
(D) He can not reach the desired point directly by swimming.
12. A man has to hold his umbrella at 30 with the vertical to keep himself dry. He, then runs at a
sped of 10 m/s leaving umbrella behind and finds the raindrops to be hitting him vertically. Speed
of the raindrop with respect to the earth is
(A) 10 m/s (B) 20 3 m/s (C) 20 m/s (D) 10 3 m/s
13. A bus is moving with a constant velocity v1 along a horizontal road. A man standing inside the bus
throws a ball upward with velocity v 0 and catches the ball. The magnitude of displacement of the
ball with respect to ground is
v2 2v v v v
(A) 0 (B) zero (C) 0 1 (D) 0 1
g g g
14. A boy throws a ball in a train moving at a speed of 18 kmph, with a velocity of 15 2 m/s at an
angle of 45 to the horizontal in the direction of motion of train. The angle with which it strikes the
plane of projection w.r.t. an observer watching from the road near by to the train is
(A) 45 (B) 60 (C) 37 (D) none of these
15. In the given figure,


v br = velocity of boat with respect to still water 
vbr
 W
v r = velocity of water  
  vr
W = width of river Now, if | v br | = 2| v r |
(A) the minimum drift would be zero & corresponding value of  is 90.
(B) the minimum drift would be zero & corresponding value of  is 120.
(C) the minimum drift would be 3W & corresponding value of  = 120
(D) the minimum drift would be 2W & corresponding value of  = 90
16. Two men who can swim with a speed v 1 in still water start from the middle of a river of width d
and move in opposite directions always swimming at an angle  with the banks. What is the
distance between them along the river when they reach the opposite banks, if the velocity of the
river is v2
dv1 dv1 cos  dv 2
(A) cot (B) (C) tan (D) d cot 
dv 2 v1  v 2 v1
2
17. Two cars A and B are initially 40 m apart, A is vA = 10 m/s vB = 0
behind B. The car A is moving with uniform velocity B -2
of 10 m/s towards B. And, the car B starts moving aB = 0.2 m/s
A
away from A with constant acceleration of 0.2 m/s2. 40 m
(i) The time at which minimum distance between the two occurs is
(A) 20 s (B) 40 s (C) 50 s (D) 60 s
18. Two particles A and B are connected by a rigid rod AB. The rod Y
slides along perpendicular rails as shown. The velocity of A to the 
left is 10 m/sec when  = 300, then what is the velocity of B ?
(A) 5.8 m/s (B) 17.3 m/s
(C) 9.8 m/s (D) 10 m/s

A X
19. Three persons P, Q and R of same mass travel with same speed u along Q
an equilateral triangle of side ‘d’ such that each one faces the other
always. After how much time will they meet each other : u u
(A) d/ u seconds (B) 2d/3u seconds
(C) 2d / 3 u seconds (D) d/ 3 u seconds P
R
u
20. The relative velocity of a car ‘A’ with respect to car B is 302 m/s due North-East. The velocity of
car ‘B’ is 20 m/s due south. The relative velocity of car ‘C’ with respect to car ‘A’ is 102 m/s due
North-West. The speed of car C and the direction (in terms of angle it makes with the east).
(A) 202 m/s, 45 (B) 202 m/s, 135 (C) 102 m/s, 45 (D) 102 m/s, 135
21. A ball is projected horizontally from an inclined plane with a velocity v 0 as  V0
shown in the figure. It will strike the plane after a time
(C) v 0 v0
v0 2v 0 60
(A) (B) (D) 2 3
3g 3g g g
Subjective (+5, 0)
22. A steamer plies between two stations A and B on opposite banks of a river, always following the
path AB. The distance between stations A and B is 1200 m. The velocity of the current is 17
ms-1 is constant over the entire width of the river. The line AB makes an angle 600 with the
direction of the flow. The steamer takes 5 min to cover the distance AB and back. Then find
(a) the velocity of steamer with respect to water.
(b) in what direction the steamer should move with respect to the river bank.
23. The current velocity of a river grows in proportion to the distance form its bank and reaches the
maximum value v0 in the middle. Near the banks the velocity is zero. A boat is moving along the
river in such a manner that it is always perpendicular to the current and the speed of the boat in
still water is u. Find the distance through which the boat crossing the river will be carried away by
the current, if the width of the river is c. Also determine the trajectory of the boat.
24. A train is moving on the level track at the rate of 40 km/hr. The passenger in the train
observes that rain is falling vertically. When speed of the train becomes double the
0
passenger observes that rain is falling at an angle of 30 with the vertical. Find the velocity of
rain with respect to ground. Neglect the effect of air.
25. In the given figure a cabin is moving upward with an

acceleration equal to g (acceleration due to gravity).
A ball is projected with a velocity v w.r.t. the cabin at v g
an angle 2 with the horizontal as shown in the
figure. Calculate the radius of curvature of the path 

of the ball when its velocity becomes parallel to
inclined plane as seen from the cabin. ( < /4)
26. Two particles A and B are projected from a point O on a horizontal B

plane, with velocities 20 m/s and 20 2m / s respectively at A
angles 30 and 45 with the horizontal respectively in the same O
plane.
Find the maximum separation between the two particles. Assume that the two particles get stuck
to the ground when they fall over it.
27. A raft is moving in a river with speed of 10 m/s and a cycle is moving with
a speed of 15 m/s in the direction shown. Find the speed of the river as 10 m/s x
seen by the cyclist.
y
x
370
15 m/s
28. Two ships A and B originally at a distance ‘d’ from each other, depart at the same time from a
straight coastline. Ship A moves along a straight line perpendicular to the shore while
ship B constantly heads for ship A, having at each moment the same speed as the latter. After a
sufficiently large interval of time the second ship obviously follows the first one at a certain
distance. Find this distance.
29 A box is moving up an inclined plane of inclination  with
some constant acceleration. A particle is projected with
some velocity making an angle  with the box base from one
corner. If the particle strikes the same point on the box then 
calculate the acceleration of the box up the inclined plane.

A O’
30. A swimmer can swim at a speed of 23 km/hr in still water. He starts
swimming from O and he intends to land at A on the opposite bank of
a river as shown in the figure. Water flows at a speed of 2 km/hr in the 2km/hr
river. In which direction should he swim with respect to the river flow
to land at A? How much time he takes to land up at point A after he 30
starts swimming? The width of the river is 3 km.
O
Answers
Single correct (+3, 1)
1. C
  
1. For A, v rA  v r  v A = 5 3 ĵ  5 î
 1 = 600
  
For B, v rB  v r  v B = 5 3 ĵ  5 î
 2 = 1200
2. C
2usin 
2. Time of flight t = = 3 sec
g
Final velocities w.r.t. to ground ) are v y  u sin   gt  15 2 sin 45  10(3)  15m / s
5
v x  ucos   utrain  15 2cos45  18.  20m/ s
18
vy
 tan      37
vx
3. B
4. B
5. B
22.
B B
u


v v
 
u
A A
In order that the steamer always moves along AB, hence the components of the velocity of the current
and of the steamer in the direction perpendicular to AB must be equal.
U sin  = v sin  . . . (1)
For journey from A to B
AB = (u cos  + v cos )t1 . . . (2)
|For journey from B to A

AB = (u cos  - v cos  )t2 . . . (3)
Also t = t1 + t2 .
1200 1200
5  60 = 
(u cos   V cos  ) (u cos   V cos  
2 2 17
u cos  - 8u cos  - =0
4
17
|which gives u cos  = . . . (4)
2
from (1) & (4)
3 -1 3
tan  =   = tan
17 17
and u = 17 5 ms-1.
23. Let v = velocity of the river at a distance y
 v = ky
But v = v0 at y = c/2
2v 0
 k=
c
2v 0
v= y
c
B B
Y
D
X
A
2v 0
But y = ut v = ut
c
v 2v 0
 = u
t c
2v 0u
 ax =
c
1
 2v 0u
x= 2  t2
c
v
x = 0 y2
uc
uc
y2 = x
v0
This is the equation of parabola.
Thus the trajectory of a boat is a parabola AD upto the midstream. The other half (DB) of
trajectory is of the same nature.
When the boat is at mid-stream
y = c/2
c 2 uc 1 cv
  x x=
4 v 4 u
This gives the drift of boat along stream. During other half it drifts by the same distance.
1 cv
 Total distance that the boat drift = 2x = .
2 u
 ^
24. Let velocity of the train is v t  v i and that of the rain w.r.to ground
 ^ ^
v R  v1 i  v 2 j .
   ^ ^ j
vRt  vR  v t = (v1 - vt) i - v 2 j VRG

In first case, v1 – 40 km/hr = 0 300
 v 1 = 40 km/hr
i vRt VTG
|In second case

v1  80km / hr
- tan 300 =
v2
 3v1 - 3 80 km/hr = - v2
 from (i) and (ii)
|v 2 = +40 3 km/hr.
 ^ ^
 v R  40 i  40 3 j .
25. v sin  2 g cos.t = 0

v sin  v
 t= = tan 
2g cos  2g 2gcos
2gcos
v x  v cos    2g sin .t
v sin  vsin vcos g
 v cos   2gsin  
2g cos 
v cos2   v sin2 
 
cos 
2
r=
 v x   v 2 cos2 2
an cos2 .2g cos 
v 2 cos2 2
r
2g cos3 
1
2  10 
26. TA = 2  2 sec [1]
10
1
2  20 2 
TB =
2  4 sec [1]
10
1 3ˆ 1   1 ˆ 1  
Srel = urett + i  20 ˆj  t   20 2
arel t 2 =
  20 i  20 2 ˆj  t 2 
2 2 
2   2 2  
 
  
= 10 3iˆ  10ˆj  20iˆ  20 ˆj t = 10 3  2 ˆi  10 ˆj  t
  
 ˆ ˆ 
Smax = 20 3  2 i  20 j, at t  2
[1]
2
= 20 1 
2
 3 2   40m
27. Velocity of river,


v R vR = 10 î
velocity of cyclist

v C = -15 cos 370 î – 15 sin 370 ĵ [1]
  
v R / C = vR  v C
= 10 î – (-12 î – 9 ĵ ) = 22 î + 9 ĵ .

| vR / C | = 484  81  565
 x
28. VA  u cos i  u sin j

VB  ui v
 y
vBA   u  ucos   i  u sin j 
A 
dr u A
   u  ucos  x
dt
 dr = (u  ucos)dt
x t t


d

dr   ucos dt  udt
0

0
…(1)
B
[1]
for ship B along the direction of motion of ship A
t t
 u cos dt  x   udt

d 0
…(2)
[1]
From equation (1) and (2)
x

 dr  x
d
 x  d = x  x = d/2
29. x = 0 and y = 0 a
1 X
(a+gsin) t 2 = 0
ucost  . . . (1)
2 Y
1 
and usint  gcos t 2 = 0 . . . (2)
2
[1] 
2ucos 
From (1), t =
a  gsin 
2u sin 
From (2), t=
gcos 
2u sin  2ucos 
Comparing 
gcos  a  gsin 
gcos  cos   g sin  sin 
 a=
sin 
gcos(    )
=
sin 
 A
30. u is the velocity of river water.
 
v is the velocity of swimmer w.r.t. water and  is the velocity of swimmer.
Then from the vector triangle shown in the figure.

u  v 
  [1] u
sin(  30) sin(90  )    30
sin          v
 2 6
O
2  2 3
  
sin(   / 6) cos  cos  / 6
2cos  / 6
 sin(   / 6) 
2 3
2 3 1
 sin(   / 6)    sin  / 6 [1]
2 3  2 2
  = /3
Thus angle with river flow = /2 + /3 = 150
3
Time he takes = d/vcos =  1 hr [1]
1
2 3
2

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relative motion-Prdk-16

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Relative Motion -(1)

Single correct (+3, 1)

7. A racing car is travelling along a straight track at a constant velocity of 40

15. In the given figure,

25. In the given figure a cabin is moving upward with an

26. Two particles A and B are projected from a point O on a horizontal B

|For journey from B to A

|In second case

25. v sin  2 g cos.t = 0

27. Velocity of river,

 u cos dt  x   udt

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