66

SULIT 4541
NO. KAD PENGENALAN

ANGKA GILIRAN

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2023

SPM 2023
CHEMISTRY Soalan Terpilih/Bank Soalan 4541/2
BONUS

CHEMISTRY SPM 2023

SOALAN TAJUK BAB TINGKATAN
QUESTION TOPIC CHAPTER FORM
SOALAN 1 Jisim dan Struktur Atom
QUESTION 1 2
Matter and the Atomic Structure
SOALAN 2 Konsep Mol, Formula dan Persamaan Kimia
QUESTION 2 The mole Concept, Chemical Formula and 3
Equation
SOALAN 3 Jadual Berkala Unsur
QUESTION 3 4
The Periodic Table of Elements
SOALAN 4 Ikatan Kimia 4
QUESTION 4 5
Chemical Bond
SOALAN 5 Asid, Bes dan Garam
6
QUESTION 5 Acid, Base and Salt
SOALAN 6 Kadar Tindak Balas
QUESTION 6 7
Rate of Reaction
SOALAN 7 Bahan Buatan dalam Industri
QUESTION 7 8
Manufactured Substances in Industry
SOALAN 8 Keseimbangan Redoks
QUESTION 8 1
Redox Equilibrium
SOALAN 9 Sebatian Karbon
QUESTION 9 2
Carbon Compound
SOALAN 10 Termokimia
QUESTION 10 Thermochemistry 3 5

SOALAN 11 Polimer
QUESTION 11 4
Polymer
SOALAN 12 Kimia Konsumer dan Industri
QUESTION 12 Consumer and Industrial Chemistry 5

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Jisim dan Struktur Atom
Matter and the Atomic Structure
JPN 23’
1 P adalah suatu bahan yang mempunyai takat lebur 43 oC dan takat didih 81 oC.
P is a substance that has melting point of 43 oC and boiling point 81 oC.

(a) Apakah maksud takat lebur?

What is meant by melting point?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(b) Lakarkan graf suhu melawan masa apabila bahan P dipanaskan daripada 35 oC
hingga 90 oC.
Sketch a graph of temperature against time when substance P is heated from 35 oC
to 90 oC.

[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(c) Lukiskan susunan zarah dalam bahan P pada 30 oC dan 90 oC.
Draw the arrangement of particles in substance P at 30 oC and 90 oC.
Suhu (oC)
30 90
Temperature (oC)

Susunan zarah
Arrangement of particles

[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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MRSM 16’
2 Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur atom bagi unsur T.
Diagram 1 shows the atomic structure of element T.

Rajah 1.1
Diagram 1.1
(a) Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1,
Based on Diagram 1.1,
(i) kenal pasti W.
identify W.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) nyatakan bilangan proton bagi unsur T.
state the number of proton in element T.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(iii) tulis susunan elektron bagi unsur T.
write the electron arrangement for element T.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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(b) (i) Unsur T mempunyai takat lebur 180.5 oC.

Ramalkan keadaan fizikal bagi unsur T pada suhu bilik.
Element T has a melting point of 180.5 oC.
Predict the physical state of element T at room temperature.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Berdasarkan teori kinetik jirim, huraikan susunan dan pergerakan zarah
bagi unsur T pada suhu bilik.
Based on the kinetic theory of matter, describe the arrangement and
movement of particles of element T at room temperature.

Susunan zarah : …………………………………..

Arrangement of particles

Pergerakan zarah : …………………………………..

Movement of particles
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(c) Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa apabila cecair asetamida
disejukkan.
Diagram 1.2 shows the graph of temperature against time when liquid acetamide
is cooled.

Rajah 1.2
Diagram 1.2

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Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2,
Based on Diagram 1.2,
(i) tentukan takat beku bagi asetamida.
determine the freezing point of acetamide.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) suhu asetamida tidak berubah dari B ke C.
Terangkan mengapa?
the temperature of acetamide did not change from B to C.
Explain why?

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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Konsep Mol, Formula dan Persamaan Kimia
The mole Concept, Chemical Formula and Equation
JPN 23’
1 Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi suatu oksida
logam X.
Diagram 2 shows the apparatus set-up to determine the empirical formula for an oxide of
metal X.

Logam oksida X
X oxide metal

Panaskan
Heat

Asid hidroklorik Air

Hydrochloric acid Water

Serbuk zink
Zinc powder
Rajah 2
Diagram 2
(a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik?
What is the meaning of empirical formula?

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(b) Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen itu.
Table 1 shows the result of the experiment.
Penerangan Jisim
Description Mass (g)
Jisim tiub kaca
Mass of glass tube 10.21

Jisim tiub kaca + logam X oksida

Mass of glass tube + oxide of metal X 16.46

Jisim tiub kaca + logam X

Mass of glass tube + metal X 15.21

Jadual 1
Table 1

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(i) Berdasarkan Jadual 1, hitung formula empirik bagi X oksida.

[Jisim atom relatif: O = 16, X = 64]

Based on Table 1, calculate the empirical formula for the oxide of X.

[Relative atomic mass: O = 16, X = 64]

[3 markah]
[3 marks]
(ii) Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas oksida X dalam tiub kaca.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction of oxide X in the glass tube.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(iii) Tafsirkan persamaan kimia di 1(b)(ii) dari segi kualitatif dan kuantitatif.
Interpret the chemical equation in 1(b)(ii) in qualitative and quantitative
terms.

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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KLON SPM 18’

2 Jisim suatu atom adalah sangat kecil. Oleh itu, ahli kimia menentukan jisim atom dengan
membandingkan jisim atom tersebut dengan atom yang lain yang dipanggil jisim atom
relatif. Rajah 3 menunjukkan perbandingan jisim antara atom X dengan atom karbon-12.
The mass of an atom is very small. Therefore, a chemist determines the mass of an atom by
comparing the mass of the atom with another atom which is called relative atomic mass.
Diagram 3 shows the comparison of mass between atom X with atom carbon-12.

Atom X

C-12 C-12

Rajah 3
Diagram 3
(a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan jisim atom relatif bagi suatu unsur?
What is meant by the relative atomic mass of an element?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(b) Kenal pasti atom X.
Identify the atom X.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(c) Apakah jisim atom relatif bagi atom X?
What is the relative atomic mass of atom X?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(d) Berikan dua sebab mengapa karbon-12 digunakan sebagai piawai untuk
menentukan jisim atom relatif dan jisim molekul relatif.
Give two reasons why carbon-12 is used as a standard to determine the relative
atomic mass and relative molecular mass.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]

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[2 marks]
Jadual Berkala Unsur
The Periodic Table of Elements
Ikatan Kimia
Chemical Bond
JPN 16’
1 Rajah 4 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Jadual Berkala Unsur.
Diagram 4 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

Rajah 4
Diagram 4
Berdasarkan Rajah 4:
Based on Diagram 4:
(a)(i) Namakan satu unsur yang merupakan logam.
Name one element which is a metal.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Dalam kumpulan dan kala yang manakah unsur di 1(a)(i) terletak?
Which group and period is the metal in 1(a)(i) found in?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(b)(i) Namakan unsur yang wujud sebagai gas monoatom.
Name the element that exists as monoatomic gas.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Terangkan mengapa gas ini adalah monoatom.
Explain why this gas is monoatomic.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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(c) Natrium bertindak balas dengan gas oksigen untuk membentuk natrium oksida,
Na2O.
Sodium reacts with oxygen gas to form sodium oxide, Na2O.

(i) Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang untuk tindak balas ini.
Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(ii) Natrium oksida bertindak balas dengan air untuk menghasilkan suatu
larutan.
Pada Jadual 2, tanda (√) dalam petak yang menunjukkan nilai pH yang
betul bagi larutan itu.
Sodium oxide reacts with water to produce a solution.
In Table 2, mark (√) in the box which shows the correct pH value of the
solution.

Nilai pH
pH value
4 7 11

Jadual 2
Table 2
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(d) Nyatakan yang mana lebih elektronegatif, natrium atau klorin.
Terangkan jawapan anda.
State which is more electronegative, sodium or chlorine.
Explain your answer.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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JPN 16’
2 Jadual 3 menunjukkan takat lebur, keterlarutan dalam pelarut organik dan air dan
kekonduksian elektrik bagi bahan X dan Y.
Table 3 shows the melting point, solubility in organic solvent water and electrical
conductivity of substances X and Y.

Keterlarutan
dalam Kekonduksian
pelarut elektrik
Takat organik Keterlarutan Electrical conductivity
Bahan Solubility in
lebur / ºC dalam air
Substance organic
Melting Solubility in
point / ºC solvent water Pepejal Leburan
Solid Molten

Tidak larut Larut Tidak Ya

X 714
Insoluble Soluble No Yes
Larut Tidak larut Tidak Tidak
Y –117 Soluble Insoluble No No
Jadual 3
Table 3
(a) Beri maksud bagi :
Give the meaning of :
(i) ikatan ion
ionic bond

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(i) ikatan kovalen
covalent bond

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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(b) Bahan X terbentuk daripada unsur kalium dan klorin. Diberi bahawa nombor
proton bagi kalium ialah 19 dan klorin 17.
Substance X formed from element of potassium and chlorine. Given t of potassium
and t the proton number of potassium is 19 and chlorine is 17.
(i) Lukiskan pembentukan ikatan antara kalium dan klorin.
Draw the formation of bond between potassium and chlorine.

[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Terangkan bagaimanakah pembentukan ikatan di (b)(i).
Explain how the formation of bond in (b)(i).

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….
[3 markah]
[3 marks]
(c) Nyatakan empat perbandingan sifat-sifat fizik untuk sebatian ion dan kovalen.
State four comparison of physical properties for ionic and covalent compound.
Sebatian ion Perbezaan Sebatian kovalen
Ionic compound Differences Covalent compound
Takat lebur / ºC
Melting point / ºC
Keterlarutan dalam
pelarut organik
Solubility in organic
solvent

Keterlarutan dalam
air
Solubility in water

Kekonduksian
elektrik
Electrical conductivity

[4 markah]
[4 marks]

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Asid, Bes dan Garam
Acid, Base and Salt
JPN 22’
1 Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan peta alir bagi tindak balas garam P.
Diagram 5.1 shows a flow map for the reaction of salt P.

Tindak balas I
Reaction I
Garam P Pepejal Q Gas perang R Gas tak
+ +
Salt P (perang apabila Brown gas R berwarna S
panas, kuning Colourless
apabila sejuk) gas S
Tindak balas II Solid Q
Reaction II (brown when hot,
yellow when cold)
+ kalium iodida
potassium iodide

Mendakan kuning T + Larutan tidak berwarna U

Yellow precipitate T + Colourless solution U

Rajah 5.1
Diagram 5.1
(a) (i) Kenal pasti bahan P, Q, R, S dan T.
Identify substance P, Q, R, S and T.
[5 markah]
[5 marks]
(ii) Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam tindak balas
II.
Write a chemical equation for the reaction that occurs in reaction II.
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(iii) Sekiranya 0.1 mol larutan kalium iodida digunakan, kira jisim mendakan
kuning T yang terbentuk.
[Jisim molar mendakan kuning T : 461 gmol-1]

If 0.1 mol of potassium iodide solution used, calculate the mass of yellow
precipitate T.
[Molar mass of yellow precipitate T: 461 gmol-1]
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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(b) (i) Nyatakan nama garam U dan sifat keterlarutan garam U dalam air.
State the name of salt U and the solubility properties of salt U in water.
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

(ii) Huraikan dengan ringkas bagaimana untuk mendapatkan garam T yang

kering.
Describe briefly how to obtain dried salt T.
[3 markah]
[3 marks]
(c) Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan situasi dua buah akuarium yang mempunyai nilai pH air
yang berbeza.
Diagram 5.2 shows a situation of two aquariums which has different pH value of
water.

Akuarium X Akuarium Y
Aquarium X Aquarium Y
Rajah 5.2
Diagram 5.2

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Jadual 4 menunjukkan nilai pH air bagi akuarium X dan akuarium Y.

Table 4 shows the pH value of water in aquarium X and Y.
Akuarium Nilai pH
Aquarium pH value

X 3

Y 6

Jadual 4
Table 4
(i) Nyatakan maksud asid.
State the meaning of acid.
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Berdasarkan Rajah 5.2, pilih akuarium manakah yang menyebabkan ikan
akan mati selepas beberapa hari dan nyatakan sebabnya. Seterusnya
cadangkan bagaimana untuk mengubah keadaan air dalam akuarium yang
anda nyatakan supaya ikan akan terus hidup.
Terangkan jawapan anda.

Based on Diagram 5.2, choose which aquarium will cause the fish died
after a few days and state the reason. Next, suggest how to change the
condition of water that you stated in order to make the fish alive. Explain
your answer.
[5 markah]
[5 marks]

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Kadar Tindak Balas

Rate of Reaction
MRSM 22’
1 Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan perbualan antara pesakit yang mengalami sakit perut dengan
seorang doktor.
Diagram 6.1 shows a conversation between a patient with a stomach ache and her doctor.

Rajah 6.1
Diagram 6.1
(a) (i) Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1, kaedah manakah yang melegakan sakit perut
dengan lebih cepat?
Terangkan jawapan anda.
Based on Diagram 6.1, which method will relieve the stomach pain faster?
Explain your answer.
[3 markah]
[3 marks]

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Pil antasid mengandungi kalsium karbonat. Jadual 5 menunjukkan isi padu

gas yang terkumpul melawan masa untuk tindak balas di antara pil antasid
dengan asid hidroklorik. set I dan Set II menggunakan pil antasid dengan
saiz yang berbeza.
The antacid tables contain calcium carbonate. Table 5 shows the volume of
gas collected against time for the reaction between antacid tables with
hydrochloric acid. Set I and Set II use the different size of antacid tables.

Jadual 5
Table 5

(i) Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi Set I dan Set II.
Calculate the average rate of reaction for Set I and Set II.
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(ii) Tuliskan satu persamaan kimia seimbang yang mewakili tindak balas
antara pil antasid dan asid hidroklorik dan hitungkan jisim kalsium
karbonat dalam pil antasid dalam Set II.
[Jisim atom relatif: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Cl = 35.5, Ca = 40]
[1 mol gas menepati 24 dm3 pada keadaan bilik]

Write a balanced chemical equation to represent the reaction between

antacid table and hydrochloric acid and calculate the mass of calcium
carbonate in the antacids table in Set II.
[Relative atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Cl = 35.5, Ca = 40]
[1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room conditions]
[5 markah]
[5 marks]

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(b) Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan graf isi padu gas yang terhasil melawan masa bagi tiga set
eksperimen untuk menyiasat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas
antara zink dan asid nitrik.
Diagram 6.2 shows the graph of volume of gas released against time for three sets
of experiment to investigate the factors affecting rate of reaction between zinc and
nitric acid.

Rajah 6.1
Diagram 6.1
Serbuk zink berlebihan ditambah ke dalam 25 cm3 asid nitrik 0.2 mol dm-3 pada 30
o
C dalam Set I.
Cadangkan perubahan yang boleh dilakukan selain dari kepekatan asid nitrik dan
suhu pada Set I untuk mendapatkan lengkung seperti dalam Set II dan Set III.
Terangkan kedua-dua cadangan anda berdasarkan teori perlanggaran.

Excess zinc powder is added to 25 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 nitric acid at 30 oC in Set I.
Suggest changes that can be done to Set I other than the concentration of nitric
acid and temperature to obtain the curve as shown in Set II and Set III.
Explain both of your suggestions based on the collision theory.
[10 markah]
[10 marks]

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Bahan Buatan dalam Industri

Manufactured Substances in Industry
JPN 23’
1 (a) Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan satu pingat dan komposisinya.
Diagram 7.1 shows a medal and its compositions.

90 % kuprum, 5 % unsur Q
90 % copper, 5 % element Q

Rajah 7.1
Diagram 7.1

(i) Apakah maksud aloi?

What is the meaning of alloy?

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Nyatakan unsur Q.
State element Q.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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(b) Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan radas makmal yang diperbuat daripada sejenis kaca.
Diagram 7.2 shows laboratory apparatus made from a type of glass.

Rajah 7.2
Diagram 7.2

(i) Nyatakan jenis kaca yang digunakan dalam penghasilan radas makmal ini.
State the type of glass used in making the laboratory apparatus.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Nyatakan satu sifat jenis kaca yang dinyatakan di 1(b)(i).
State one property of the type of glass mentioned in 1(b)(i).

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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(c) Rajah 7.3 menunjukkan sebuah pasu porselin.

Diagram 7.3 shows a porcelain vase.

Rajah 7.3
Diagram 7.3
Nyatakan komponen utama yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan pasu porselin itu.
State the main component used in making the porcelain vase.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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Keseimbangan Redoks
Redox Equilibrium
JPN 16’
1 Rajah 8 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyiasat tindak balas antara larutan kalium
iodida dengan kalium manganat(VII) berasid melalui pemindahan elektron pada satu jarak.
Diagram 8 shows the set-up of apparatus to investigate the reaction between potassium
iodide solution and acidified potassium manganat (VII) solution through the transfer of
electrons at a distance.

Rajah 8
Diagram 8
(a) Apakah fungsi asid sulfurik cair?
What is the function of dilute sulphuric acid?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(b) Pada Rajah 8, lukis arah pengaliran elektron.
On the Diagram 8, draw the direction of the flow of electrons.
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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(c)(i) Apakah perubahan warna dalam larutan di sekitar elektrod X?

What is the colour change in the solution around electrode X?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk menentukan hasil yang terbentuk dalam larutan di
elektrod X?
Describe a chemical test to determine the product formed in the solution at
electrode X?

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(d) Nyatakan nama bahan yang diturunkan dalam eksperimen itu. Berikan sebab.
State the name of substance that is reduced in the experiment. Give a reason.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(e) Tulis setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di elektrod Q.
Write a half-equation for the reaction that occurs at electrode Q.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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(f) Eksperimen diulangi dengan menggantikan larutan kalium manganat (VII) berasid
dengan larutan air bromin.
Ramalkan pemerhatian pada elektrod Y.
The experiment is repeated by replacing acidified potassium manganate(VII) with
bromine water.
Predict the observation at electrode Y.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(g) Apakah perubahan nombor pengoksidaan bagi ion manganat (VII) dalam tindak
balas?
What is the change in oxidation number of manganate(VII) ion in the reaction?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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Sebatian Karbon
Carbon Compound
JPN 16’
1 Rajah 9 menunjukkan carta alir satu siri perubahan sebatian karbon bagi satu siri homolog
kepada satu siri homolog lain.
Diagram 9 shows a flow chart for a series of changes of organic compounds from one
homologous series to another homologous series.

Rajah 9
Diagram 9
(a) Lukis formula struktur bagi isomer butana.
Draw the structural formulae of the isomer of butane.

[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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(b) But-1-ena boleh digunakan untuk menghasilkan butana pada Proses I.

But-1-ene can be used to produce butane in Process I.

(i) Namakan tindak balas bagi proses I.

Name the type of reaction for process I.

………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Nyatakan keadaan yang diperlukan untuk proses I berlaku.
State the condition required for process I to occur.

………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(c) Proses II menukarkan butan-1-ol kepada but-1-ena
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction
Process II converts butan-1-ol to but-1-ene.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(d) Namakan reagen yang digunakan bagi menukarkan butan-1-ol kepada asid
butanoik.
Name the reagent used for conversion of butan-1-ol to butanoic acid.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(e)(i) Tulis persamaan kimia bagi penghasilan sebatian Q pada proses IV.
Write the chemical equation for the production of compound Q in process IV.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(ii) Namakan sebatian Q yang dihasilkan.
Name the compound Q produced.

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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Termokimia
Thermochemistry
MRSM 21’
1 Persamaan kimia berikut mewakili tindak balas penyesaran logam Q dengan larutan
plumbum(II) nitrat.
The following chemical equation represents a displacement reaction metal Q and lead(II)
nitrate solution.

Q + Pb(NO3)2 Q(NO3)2 + Pb

Diberi nilai keupayaan elektrod berikut.

Given the following potential value.
Zn2+(ak) + 2e- ⇌ Zn(p) Eo = -0.76 V

Pb2+(ak) + 2e- ⇌ Pb(p) Eo = -0.13 V

Cu2+(ak) + 2e- ⇌ Cu(p) Eo = +0.34 V

(a) (i) Cadangkan logam Q.

Suggest metal Q.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
-1
(ii) Haba penyesaran bagi tindak balas tersebut ialah -122 kJ mol .
Hitungkan perubahan suhu apabila serbuk Q berlebihan ditambahkan
kepada 100 cm3 larutan plumbum(II) nitrat 0.5 mol dm-3.
[Muatan haba tentu larutan = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1 ; Ketumpatan larutan 1.0 g cm-3]

The heat of displacement for the reaction is -112 kJ mol-1.

Calculate the change in temperature when excess Q powder is added to
100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 lead(II) nitrate solution.
[Specific heat capacity of a solution = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1 ; Density of solution =
1.0 g cm-3]

[3 markah]
[3 marks]

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(b) Jadual 6 menunjukkan haba peneutralan bagi tindak balas antara larutan kalium
hidroksida dengan dua jenis asid yang berlainan.
Table 6 shows the heat of neutralisation of the reaction between potassium
hydroxide solution with two different types of acids.
Bahan tindak balas Haba peneutralan
Reactants Heat of neutralisation (kJ mol-1)
Asid R + larutan kalium
hidroksida
Acid R + potassium hydroxide
solution -55

Asid S + larutan kalium

hidroksida
Acid S + potassium hydroxide
solution -57

Jadual 6
Table 6
(i) Cadangkan asid R dan asid S.
Suggest acid R and acid S.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(ii) Berdasarkan jawapan di 1(b)(i), tulis persamaan termokimia bagi tindak
balas antara asid R dengan larutan kalium hidroksida.
Based on your answer in 1(b)(i), write the thermochemical equation of the
reaction between acid R and potassium hydroxide solution.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
(iii) Nilai haba peneutralan bagi kedua-dua tindak balas adalah berbeza.
terangkan mengapa.
The value of heat of neutalisation for both reactions are different.
Explain why.

……………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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Polimer
Polymer
JPN 23’
11 Rajah 10 menunjukkan sejenis polimer sintetik.
Diagram 10 shows a type of synthetic polymer.

Rajah 10
Diagram 10

(a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan polimer?

What is meant by polymer?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(b) Monomer bagi polimer dalam Rajah 10 ialah kloroetena. Lukiskan formula
struktur bagi polimer tersebut.
The monomer of the polymer in Diagram 10 is chloroethene. Draw a structural
formula of the polymer.

[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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(c) Apakah kelebihan menggunakan polimer ini?
What is the advantage of using this polymer?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(d) Polimer sintetik digunakan secara meluas dalam kehidupan seharian. Namun
begitu, penggunaannya telah menyebabkan pencemaran alam sekitar. Terangkan
bagaimana penggunaan PVC yang tidak terkawal boleh menyebabkan pencemaran
alam sekitar.
Synthetic polymer is widely used in daily life. However, the usage lead to
environmental pollution. Explain how the uncontrolled use of PVC can cause the
pollution.

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

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Kimia Konsumer dan Industri

Consumer and Industrial Chemistry
JPN 2023
1 Rajah 11 menunjukkan satu proses bagaimana lemak tak tepu boleh ditukarkan menjadi
lemak tepu.
Diagram 11 shows a process of how unsaturated fat can be converted into saturated fat.

Rajah 11
Diagram 11
(a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan lemak tepu?
What is meant by saturated fat?

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 markah]
[1 mark]

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