GEN 002
1. Follow traffic rules
XV. HEALTHY INTERACTION WITH OTHERS
The Self and the Family
➢ The first primary group that we experience
➢ The place where some of our most important
identities takes shape
❖ e.g. male/female, boys/girls son/daughter and
sister/brother
➢ Assessment of role performance based on these
identities become early source of self-esteem
➢ Mead's (1934) discussion of the early stages of role-
playing, role-taking and processes essential in the
developmen of the self, occur within the context of
family interactions
The Self with Friends – Having friends increases one's
self- esteem and confidence
Five ways that friends can help build your self-
confidence:
1. Friends cheer our successes
2. Friends model new ways of being-every friends has
some strengths or skills that help us strive to do things
a better way
3. Friends support every effort to grow
4. Friends wipe out our tears away
5. Friends teach us the value of teamwork
XVI. THE POLITICAL SELF (THE SELF AS A MEMBER
OF COMMUNITY)
The Political Self – It refers to how self is part of the
community, become political active on social issues and
lastly become aware of his/her rights as he/she is a
member of a community
Physical Self-concept – The individual's perception of
themselves in areas of physical ability and appearance
Physical ability includes concepts such as:
➢ Physical Strength and Endurance
Appearance – To attractiveness
The Self and the Immediate community:
1. Community provides people with security and sense of
belonging but also use these feelings to trap its
inhabitants with a comfort zone. Thus, community can
decrease a person's ability about people and things in
the outside world
2. Living in a neighborhood allows people to learn from
mistakes made by others and also find their role
models. Thus, neighborhood empowers a person to
become better and stronger
Developing the Filipino as a Responsible Citizen:
2. Be punctual and do not procrastinate
3. Ask for a BIR official receipt
4. Pay your tax
5. Be a responsible parent
6. Love your husband or wife
7. Conserve water and energy
8. Protect our environment
9. Report crimes
10. Obey the laws and local ordinances
11. Be kind to our foreign visitors
12. Respect other Filipinos, especially the elders
13. Build a good relationship with your neighbors
14. Help your own town achieve progress
15. Give support to our countrymen
16. Be a responsible worker
17. Love your employees
18. Make your customers happy
19. Be a responsible netizen
20. Make an honest vote
12 Little Things every Filipino can do to help our
country by Alex Lacson
1. Follow traffic rules. Follow the law
2. Whenever you buy or pay for anything, always ask for
an official receipt
3. Do not buy smuggled goods. Buy local, Buy Filipino.
4. When you talk to others, especially foreigners, speak
positively about us and our country
5. Respect your traffic officer, policemen and soldier
6. Do not Litter. Dispose your garbage properly
Segregate. Recycle. Conserve
7. Support your Church
8. During elections, do your solemn duty
9. Pay your employees well
10. Pay taxes
11. Adopt a Scholar, or adopt a poor child
12. Be a good parent. Teach your kids to follow the law
and to love our country
XVII. THE POLITICAL SELF (THE SELF DURING THE
MARTIAL LAW)
Martial Law
➢ The exercise of government and control by military
authorities over the civilian population of a
designated territory
➢ It is an extreme and rare measure used to control
society during war or periods of civil unrest or chaos
Self-determination
➢ The power or ability to make a decision for oneself
without influence from outside or the right of a nation
or people to determine its own form of government
without influence from outside
➢ All people have the right to self-determination
 ➢ By virtue of that right they freely determine their
political status and freely pursue their economic,
social and cultural development
How Self-determination is affected during Martial Law:
➢ Marcos inflicted immeasurable damage on
democratic values
➢ He offered the Filipino people economic progress
and national dignity, but the results were dictatorship,
poverty, militarized politics and a politicized military,
and greatly increased dependence on foreign
governments and banks
➢ During the Marcos era, the Philippines had one of
Asia's worst human rights records
➢ The army and police were notorious for their use of
torture
➢ Victims-which included political dissidents and
suspected drug dealers were beaten, flogged, given
electric shocks
➢ Victims
➢ Marcos also muzzled the press, and banned strikes
➢ Marcos claimed that demonstrations against him
were staged by "subversives and people under the
influence of drugs"
➢ An estimated 50,000 people were detained for
alleged political crimes under Marcos in the first five
years after martial law was declared
Life under Martial Law:
➢ During the first years of martial law, the economy
benefited from increased stability, and business
confidence was bolstered by Marcos's appointment
of talented technocrats to economic planning posts
➢ Despite the 1973 oil price rise shock, the growth of
the gross national product (GNP) was respectable,
and the oil-pushed inflation rate, reaching 40 percent
in 1974, was trimmed back to 10 percent the
following year
➢ Between 1973 and the early 1980s, dependence on
imported oil was reduced by domestic finds and
successful energy substitution measures, including
one of the world's most ambitious geothermal energy
programs
➢ Claiming that "if land reform fails, there is no New
Society," Marcos launched highly publicized new
initiatives that resulted in the formal transfer of land
to some 184,000 farming families by late 1975
➢ The law was filled with loopholes, however, and had
little impact on local landowning elites or landless
peasants, who remained desperately poor
➢ After Marcos was ousted the Philippines owed about
US$28 billion to foreign creditors
➢ Borrowed money had not promoted development,
and most of it had been wasted on showcase
projects along Manila Bay, or had disappeared into
the pockets and offshore accounts of the Marcos and
Romualdez families and their friends and partners
➢ Many Filipinos believed that they would be morally
justified in renouncing the foreign debt on grounds
that the banks should have known what the
Marcoses were doing with the money
➢ Even Cardinal Jaime Sin declared it "morally wrong"
to pay foreign creditors when Filipino children were
hungry
➢ Aquino, however, resolutely pledged to pay the debt
➢ Otherwise, the nation would be cut off from the credit
it needed
➢ Although the Philippines could pay the interest on the
debt every year, it could not pay the principal
➢ This never-ending debt naturally inflamed Filipino
nationalism
➢ A Freedom from Debt Coalition advocated using the
money to help the unemployed instead of sending
the hard currency abroad
I will share to you the story of a man, who fought to his
life and one concrete example of harassment and
torture during Martial Law time under the dictatorship
regime of Pres. Ferdinand Marcos
Jun Quimpo was a B.S. Math student at the University of
the Philippines in Diliman. During his freshman year at UP,
he joined a group of student volunteers who were helping
urban poor communities in Constitution Hill (Batasan) and
in Tatalon. During a rally opposing the demolition of urban
poor communities to make room for Imelda Marcos'
Infrastructure projects, Jun was arrested. Jun was singled
out because his military captors had seen his UP ID card
with the name, "Quimpo. By then, Jun's four older siblings
had already been arrested, tortured and imprisoned. His
military captors remarked, "Ah... another Quimpo!" And
because of his surname, Jun was tortured and imprisoned
for 10 days. Upon his release, he decided that living in the
city was too risky
He joined the New People's Army. Jun was a revolutionary
fighter and songwriter. The four songs included in this
collection were recorded by Jun while he was in NPA
camps in Nueva Ecija using crude tape recorders. These
song recordings lifted from a set of cassette tapes, was
retrieved from Jun's backpack upon his death Jun's body
was found in an open rice field punctured by 7 bullet
wounds. Jun was 24
As a college freshman, Jun witnessed the early struggle
for the restoration of the UP student council. Knowing full
well that universities were a ready source of recruits for the
underground movement, the government continued to ban
student organizations that could potentially spearhead any
antigovernment activity, especially student councils. It was
during this time that Jun began writing songs. At first he
would take existing protest songs and change their lyrics
like this for the Sanggunian (Student Advisory Council), a
song composed in 1975 advocating the restoration of
student councils under martial law. Jun changed the lyrics
and composed "Anakbayan," he said for a 'broader
application." (Quoted from Subversive Lives: A Family
memoir of the Marcos years, by the Quimpo family, Anvil
Press c. 2012)
Bayan Ko
➢ A poem written by Jose Corazon de Jesus in 1929
was turned into a protest song made popular by the
resistance against the Marcos dictatorship
➢ Jun Quimpo chose to use the version that changed
the lyrics from "Ibon man may layang lumipad,
kulunging at umiiyak," to "kulungin mo at pumipiglas"
The song “Kasama”
➢ It was inspired by a poem by Cuban Luis Marre. It
was translated into Filipino by Maria Pl. Lanot
➢ The translation was entitled "Kung Ako'y Bumagsak
(If I Should Fall)"
➢ In a tribute to the courage of his sister-in-law Etta
Rosales, who was captured, tortured, and detained
by the military, Jun Quimpo changed a few lines and
set it to music, retitling it, "Kasama (Comrade)
➢ The most popular of Jun's songs, it describes his
personal creed and loyalty to the country
XVIII. THE DIGITAL SELF (SELF AND NETIZEN;
IDENTIFY THEFT AND CYBERCRIMES)
Digital Self
➢ The idea that people often consider things and other
people to be possessions, almost like tools to help
define their identity
➢ They use technology to redefine themselves
➢ It is the way people engage technology and the role
technology plays in their lives
Development of Digital Self
➢ The idea of the digital self-developed from the
original phenomenon of the 'extended self',
pioneered by Russell Belk in 1988
➢ He believed our possessions are a major contributor
to and reflection of our identities
➢ Back in the day, it was external objects, such as
clothes, jewelry and cars etc. that he believed we
used and considered as part of ourselves
➢ Nowadays however, it isn't merely tangible
belongings that researchers consider as part of our
extended self
Our digital possessions such as:
➢ Photos, Videos, Statuses, Texts, and Emails are now
seen to be significantly important in shaping our
digital self
Why do we have a Digital Self?
➢ The idea of the Digital Self is an interesting and
relatively new topic discussed in consumer
behaviour research
➢ Researchers, such as Stone (1996) and
Hemetsburger (2005) claim that the digital web
allows us to try out different personas that differ from
our real-life identities
But why would we want to even do this? We were
especially interested in looking at why we express
ourselves online the way we do and we wanted to
share the most common reasons:
➢ We want to meet the expectation of others: research
shows over 50% of women would edit their social
media photos to look better and meet the
expectations that the media and magazines have set
➢ We want to boost our self-esteem: people upload
photos and statuses online that they feel will receive
'likes' and positive feedback in which ultimately helps
their egos
➢ To feel a sense of belonging: Some of us want to fit
in with the crowd and upload things that are 'down
with the trend for instance, who notices the amount
of people posting pictures of their food increasing? It
didn't come from nowhere
➢ Bigger sense of freedom: Unlike real life, digital
platforms allow us to express ourselves in any way
we want to without anyone there to physically judge
us
➢ Striving to be our ideal selves: Digital Apps, such as
Facetune, that allow us to improve our appearances
on photos (through teeth whitening, skin smoothing
and body shape editing) helps consumers to express
as their 'ideal' self online and inevitably feel better
about themselves In conclusion, the digital world has
provided us with greater opportunities to express our
identity in any form we want to
➢ But what we all need to remember is: how will we feel
if we go so far to express ourselves differently online
that we forget what reality is, or worse, we end up
resenting it?
Identity Theft – Also known as identity fraud is a crime in
which an imposter obtains key pieces of personally
identifiable information, such as Social Security or driver's
license numbers, in order to impersonate someone else
Types and Examples of Identity Theft:
True-name Identity Theft
➢ The thief uses personal information to open new
accounts
➢ The thief might open a new credit card account,
establish cellular phone service or open a new
checking account in order to obtain blank checks
Account-takeover Identity Theft
➢ The imposter uses personal information to gain
access to the person's existing accounts
➢ Typically, the thief will change the mailing address on
an account and run up a huge bill before the person
whose identity has been stolen realizes there is a
problem
Cybercrime
➢ Any criminal activity that involves a computer,
networked device or a network
➢ While most cybercrimes are carried out in order to
generate profit for the cybercriminals, some
cybercrimes are carried out against computers or
devices directly to damage or disable them, while
others use computers or networks to spread
malware, illegal information, images or other
materials
➢ Some cybercrimes do both i.e., target computers to
infect them with viruses, which are then spread to
other machines and, sometimes, entire networks
Common Types of Cybercrime include:
➢ Hacking, Online Scams and Fraud, Identity Theft,
Attacks on computer systems and Illegal or
Prohibited online content
Social Media Etiquette for College Students and Young
Professionals by Diane Gottsman
Students attend college to become educated, build
friendships, and venture out into the world feeling confident
and equipped with the skills a company will be impressed
to review on a resume
Unfortunately, a number of Oklahoma University students
were recorded reciting racist comments, costing the
students more than their Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity
expulsion and a scolding from the president of the
university. In the corporate world, employees are expected
to be ambassadors of their company. I feel certain that OU
and SAE expected the same respect and consideration
from their student representatives
Their behavior will be forever imprinted on the web, where
future employers can readily gain access to their actions
with little effort. Clearly the point is not about being caught,
but having the good sense and solid judgment to NOT
participate in archaic racist banter in the first place. This
lack of common sense could have happened at any school,
inside any fraternity, or in a myriad of circumstances. It's
every individual's choice to understand that decisions,
good or bad, can have long term implications
The effects of social media are never more than a click
away and everything you do can potentially be captured
for the entire world to see
Social Media Etiquette for College Students and Young
Professionals:
1. Determine how you want to be perceived on Facebook,
Twitter, and all social media outlets
2. Know that employers DO check your social media
accounts
3. Google yourself
4. You are what you tweet or post
5. Don't rely on privacy settings
6. Dedicate posts emphasizing your achievements and
accomplishments
7. Take your online presence seriously
XIX. PERSONAL FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY
Freedom – The ability to set your schedule, to decide on
the work you do, to make decisions
Responsibility
➢ Being held accountable for your actions
➢ It might involve figuring out how to get paid for your
work, owning your mistakes or having others count
on you
Eleanor Roosevelt wrote:
➢ "Freedom makes a huge requirement of every
human being. With freedom comes responsibility”
❖ Balance your freedom and responsibility by
managing your time
❖ After figuring out your class (and/or work, internship,
volunteering, etc) schedule, go through your
calendar and set aside a specific time just for
studying and homework
Ultimately, it means considering how your actions will
affect people and situations around you
The Recipe for Responsibility:
Responsible Behavior – Made up of five essential
elements-honesty, compassion/respect, fairness,
accountability, and courage
Personal Freedom
➢ The power or right of an individual to act, speak, or
think without hindrance or restraint
➢ The state of not being imprisoned or enslaved
➢ Unrestricted use of something
Responsibility
➢ A duty or obligation to satisfactorily perform or
complete a task (assigned by someone, or created
by one's own promise or circumstances) that one
must fulfill, and which has a consequent penalty for
failure
Relationship of Personal Freedom and Responsibility:
Responsibility
➢ Assumes that the individual can have freedom of
action and decision
 ➢ Therefore, freedom necessarily leads to
responsibility
➢ The attitude of the person to respond for the actions
he chooses freely
Freedom
➢ The power of choice that individuals have in society
➢ Makes people responsible for their actions to the
extent that they are voluntary, even if the immutability
and responsibility for an action can be diminished or
sometimes cancelled by ignorance, inadvertence,
duress, fear, inordinate attachments, or habit
➢ So, in other words, Freedom means you will have to
be responsible for every act, for every breath;
whatever you do or don't do, you will be responsible
XX. SELF-KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-MASTERY
Self-Knowledge
➢ In Philosophy, it refers to knowledge of one's own
sensation thoughts, belief, and other mental states
➢ In psychology, this refers to how well or accurate we
are in determining our own internal such as our
emotion, personality and atittudes
➢ However, Wilson notes that self-knowledge can be
broadened to include memory, like recalling how we
felt in the past, and prospection, predicting how we
will feel in the future
➢ In philosophy, "self-knowledge" standardly refers to
knowledge of one's own sensations, thoughts,
beliefs, and other mental states
➢ This entry focuses on knowledge of one's own
particular mental states
➢ Self-knowledge refers to understanding of one's own
goals, character, beliefs, ethics and gives one the
freedom to live their life without regrets
➢ It is important because it helps in knowing your own
limitations
The Key elements in Self-perception Theory
➢ Explanations people give for their actions, these
explanations are known as causal attributions
Self-Mastery
➢ Is the ability to take control of one's life
➢ It is the Condition whereby your body is your servant
and not your master
➢ It comes through developing certain personal core
strengths
➢ To be master of your own self is to fully understand
who you really are
➢ Self-Mastery is the ability to recognize, understand,
control, and make the most out of your physical,
mental, emotional, and spiritual self
➢ It is gained thorough awareness, understanding, and
control over your thoughts, emotions, and action
➢ Essentially, it gives you control over the one things
you can control in any given situation yourself
Here are 7 Effective Strategies for Cultivating Self-
mastery:
1. Talk to Yourself
2. Make Peace with Your Past
3. Play Devil's Advocate
4. Keep a Journal
5. Break the Bystander Effect
6. Cognitive Reappraisal
7. Audit Yourself
4 Steps to Self-Mastery:
➢ Awareness, Discernment/choice, Decision/action/
Focus, Realization/ manifestation
Four working Elements of Self-mastery:

Here are the 4 steps to actively attaining more Self-

knowledge:
1. Step 1
➢ Take a Character Inventory. Taking an inventory of
your character is the first step
1. Step 2
➢ Understand What You Can Do....
2. Step 3
➢ Feel the Feels
3. Step 4
➢ Motivation Matters
4. Final Thoughts
5. More About Self-Understanding.

Source of self-knowledge, especially when people make

attributions for positive and negative events
XXI. PERSON WITH MISSION AND SETTING GOALS
FOR SUCCESS-ALBERT BANDURA’S SELF
EFFICANCY AND CAROL DWECK’S MINDSET
Self-Efficacy
➢ It refers to an individual's belief in his or her capacity
to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific
performance attainments (Bandura, 1977, 1986,
1997)
➢ It reflects confidence in the ability to exert control
over one's own motivation, behavior, and social
environment
According to Bandura, there are Four main sources of
Self-efficacy Beliefs:
➢ Mastery Experiences, Vicarious Experiences, Verbal
Persuasion, Emotional and Physiological States
(Akhtar, 2008)
Mindset Theory – Proposes that people hold different
beliefs about whether people can or cannot change basic
psychological attributes, such as their intelligence or
personality
Two types of Mindsets:
➢ Fixed Mindset and Growth Mindset
According to the Stanford research psychologist
Dweck
➢ One of the most basic beliefs all human beings
posses is focused on how each individual views their
personality
➢ There is the "fixed mindset" and then there is the
"growth mindset"
The 7 Mindsets
➢ Actions and attitudes that can literally change the
course of a person's life
➢ They represent the irrefutable, time- tested thinking
at the heart of fulfillment, happiness, and success on
one's own terms, regardless of gender, race,
nationality, or socio-economic background
➢ They have worked, and will continue to work, for all
those who incorporate them into their lives
Self-efficacy
➢ The main concept in social cognitive theory is that an
individual's actions and reactions, including social
behaviors and cognitive processes, in almost every
situation are influenced by the actions that individual
has observed in others
➢ Because self-efficacy is developed from external
experiences and self-perception and is influential in
determining the outcome of many events, it is an
important aspect of social cognitive theory, Self-
efficacy represents the personal perception of
external social factors
➢ According to Bandura's theory, people with high self-
efficacy-that is, those who believe they can perform
well-are more likely to view difficult tasks as
something to be mastered rather than something to
be avoided
4 Sources of Self-efficacy are:
➢ Performance Accomplishments
➢ Vicarious Experience
➢ Social Persuasion
➢ Physiological and Emotional States
We teach these simple principles to young people and
adults through interactive programs and engaging
curriculum across a variety of digital platforms. The
information has been organized into language that is highly
engaging, easy to understand, and oriented toward driving
positive change through purposeful action in one's life
The 7 Mindsets are:
1. Everything is Possible
2. Passion First
3. We Are Connected
4. 100% Accountable
5. Attitude of Gratitude
6. Live to Give
7. The Time is Now
Mindset
➢ In a fixed mindset, people believe their basic qualities,
like their intelligence or talent, are simply fixed traits
➢ They spend their time documenting their intelligence
or talent instead of developing them
➢ They also believe that talent alone creates success-
without effort
➢ In a growth mindset, people believe that their most
basic abilities can be developed through dedication
and hard work-brains and talent are just the starting
point
➢ This view creates a love of learning and a resilience
that is essential for great accomplishment
 ➢ Virtually all great people have had these qualities 17. Improve your 18. Avoid negativity in the
communication skills workplace
There are Three types of Goals: 19. Improve your financial 20. Develop time
➢ Based on time, Focus and Topic management skills management skills
Time Goals – The ones we refer to as short-term or long-
Rescue Mission
term
➢ A group of persons sent by a church to carry on
Focus Goals – Remind me of a BHAG (big hairy religious work, especially evangelization in foreign
audacious goal) lands, and often to establish schools, hospitals, etc.
an establishment of missionaries in a foreign land; a
Topic-based Goals – Can be personal, professional, missionary church or station
career, and financial ➢ An organization for carrying on missionary work
Specific Goals – Your goal must be clear and well-defined Definition of Vision and Mission:
Measurable Goals – Include precise amounts, dates, and ➢ Both are vital in directing goals
so on in your goals so you can measure your degree of Vision Statement – Focuses on tomorrow and what an
success organization wants to ultimately become
Attainable Goals – Make sure that it's possible to achieve Mission Statement – Focuses on today and what an
the goals you set organization does to achieve it
Relevant Goals Questions to Discover Your Personal Mission
Time-bound Goals Statement:
1. What makes you smile? (Activities, people, events,
My Future Goals: hobbies, projects, etc)
➢ Involve learning as much as I can until I eventually 2. What are your favorite things to do in the past? What
take on a leadership role about now?
➢ I prefer to work with others, and I believe that I could 3. What activities make you lose track of time?
thrive as a leader if given the chance 4. What makes you feel great about yourself?
➢ I would love the opportunity to manage a team and 5. Who inspires you most? (Anyone you know or do not
shape them into successful workers. know. Family, friends, authors, artists, leaders, etc)
Which qualities inspire you, in each person?
20 Goals to Set for Yourself 6. What are you naturally good at? (Skills, abilities, gifts
➢ When setting goals for yourself, you may choose to etc)
follow the SMART goal method, where you apply 7. What do people typically ask you for help in?
specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time- 8. If you had to teach something, what would you teach?
bound objectives to help you reach your goals 9. What would you regret not fully doing, being or having
➢ Start by identifying things you are passionate or care in your life?
deeply about, and determine what you want your life 10. What are your deepest values?
to be like in the future 11. What were some challenges, difficulties and hardships
Here are 20 personal goals you can use as you've overcome or are in the process of overcoming?
inspiration for setting your own goals: How did you do it?
1. Improve your growth 2. Be more proactive 12. What causes do you strongly believe in? Connect with?
mindset 13. If you could get a message across to a large group of
3. Learn to understand 4. Be persistent in spite people. Who would those people be? What would your
yourself of obstacles message be?
5. Learn to accept your 6. Learn how to make 14. Given your talents, passions and values. How could
limits effective decisions you use these resources to serve, to help, to contribute?
7. Practice gratitude 8. Stay open-minded to (to people, beings, causes, organization, environment,
new opportunities planet, etc)
9. Learn something new 10. Live according to your
values
11. Learn healthy ways to 12. Recreate your work-
cope with stress life balance
13. Start good habits 14. Consider leaving
behind expectations
15. Learn from failure 16. Eliminate bad habits