1.

What is the reason for the initial silence of peripheral chemoreceptors in

neonates at birth?
Answer: B) High blood oxygen content
Options:
A) Low blood oxygen content
B) High blood oxygen content
C) Presence of carbon dioxide
D) Lack of receptor adaptation

2. What is the term used to describe the breathing pattern in neonates where apnoea
episodes are followed by tachypnea?
Answer: C) Periodic breathing
Options:
A) Dyspnea
B) Bradypnea
C) Periodic breathing
D) Hyperpnea

3. In premature neonates, apnoeic episodes lasting more than 15 seconds may occur
due to:
Answer: B) Central respiratory drive loss
Options:
A) High blood pressure
B) Central respiratory drive loss
C) Excessive oxygen intake
D) Increased heart rate

4. At what age post conceptual age may apnoea of prematurity persist up to in

neonates?
Answer: C) 60 weeks
Options:
A) 30 weeks
B) 45 weeks
C) 60 weeks
D) 75 weeks

5. Anemia, defined as hematocrit less than 30%, is considered an independent risk

factor for:
Answer: D) Apnoea of prematurity
Options:
A) Hypertension
B) Respiratory infections
C) Cardiovascular diseases
D) Apnoea of prematurity

6. How does the response to hypoxia in neonates differ from adults?

Answer: C) Neonates have a rapid initial increase in ventilation followed by a
decrease
Options:
A) Neonates have a slower response time
B) Neonates show no response to hypoxia
C) Neonates have a rapid initial increase in ventilation followed by a decrease
D) Neonates maintain a constant ventilation rate throughout

7. The response to hypoxia in neonates is influenced by all of the following

factors EXCEPT:
Answer: D) Blood pressure
Options:
A) Temperature
B) Level of arousal
C) Maturity
D) Blood pressure

8. What is the primary reason for the rapid decrease in ventilation following an
initial increase in response to hypoxia in neonates?
Answer: A) High carbon dioxide levels
Options:
A) High carbon dioxide levels
B) Low carbon dioxide levels
C) High oxygen levels
D) Low oxygen levels

9. Which factor contributes significantly to the improvement of apnoea of

prematurity with maturity in neonates?
Answer: C) Enhanced central respiratory drive
Options:
A) Increased heart rate
B) Decreased hematocrit levels
C) Enhanced central respiratory drive
D) Higher blood oxygen content

10. How long does it typically take for peripheral chemoreceptors in neonates to
adapt and become functional after birth?
Answer: B) 48 hours
Options:
A) 24 hours
B) 48 hours
C) 72 hours
D) 96 hours

11. What is the term used to describe anemia in neonates with a hematocrit level
below 30%?
Answer: B) Polycythemia
Options:
A) Hypoxemia
B) Polycythemia
C) Erythropenia
D) Hypochromia

12. Which condition is characterized by apnoeic episodes lasting less than 5

seconds followed by tachypnea in neonates?
Answer: C) Periodic breathing pattern
Options:
A) Bradypnea syndrome
B) Central sleep apnea
C) Periodic breathing pattern
D) Obstructive sleep apnea

13. In neonates, what is the primary factor that triggers an initial increase in
ventilation in response to hypoxia?
Answer: D) Low blood oxygen content
Options:
A) Low resting carbandioxide
B) High resting carbandioxide
C) High blood oxygen content
D) Low blood oxygen content

14. What is the term used to describe the fall in heart rate that may occur during
apnoeic episodes in premature neonates?
Answer: B) Bradycardia
Options:
A) Tachycardia
B) Bradycardia
C) Arrhythmia
D) Palpitations