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They also tend to be very committed and are good at taking the initiative when a
task is put forth before them.
. Subject: Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Effectiveness
Module No 02:
Q. 1) What Is Self-Awareness?
Answer:
Self-awareness involves being aware of different aspects of the self-including
traits, behaviors, and feelings. Essentially, it is a psychological state in which
oneself becomes the focus of attention. Self-awareness is one of the first
components of the self-concept to emerge. While self awareness is something
that is central to who you are, it is not something that you are acutely focused on
at every moment of every day. Instead, self-awareness becomes woven into the
fabric of who you are and emerges at different points depending on the situation
and your personality. People are not born completely self-aware. Yet research
has also found that infants do have a rudimentary sense of self-awareness.
Infants possess the awareness that they are a separate being from others, which
is evidenced by behaviors such as the rooting reflex in which an infant searches
for a nipple when something brushes against his or her face. Researchers have
also found that even newborns are able to differentiate between self- and non-self
touch.
Q.2) What are the Types of Self-Awareness.
Answer :
Psychologists often break self-awareness down into two different types, either
public or
private.
Public Self-Awareness
This type emerges when people are aware of how they appear to others. Public
self
awareness often emerges in situations when people are at the center of attention,
such as when giving a presentation or talking to a group of friends. This type of
self-awareness often compels people to adhere to social norms. When we are
aware that we are being watched and evaluated, we often try to behave in ways
that are socially acceptable and desirable. Public self-awareness can also lead to
evaluation anxiety in which people become distressed, anxious, or worried about
how they are perceived by others.
Private Self-AwarenessThis type happens when people become aware of some
aspects of themselves, but only in a
private way. For example, seeing your face in the mirror is a type of private self-
awareness. Feeling your stomach lurch when you realize you forgot to study for
an important test or feeling your heart flutter when you see someone you are
attracted to are also examples of private self-awareness.
Q.3) What is Life Positions?
Answer : The Life Positions refers to the specific behaviour towards others that
an
individual learns on the basis of certain assumptions made very early in the life.
The life positions can be category
1. I am O.K., You are O.K.: This life position shows that an individual has several
O.K.
experiences with others. This means, an individual encountered no severe
problems or issues with others in his childhood and had a normal relationship
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with them. People with such life positions about themselves and others around
him can solve any problem very easily and realizes the significance of others
being in his life. This position is based on the adult ego.
2. I am O.K., You are not O.K.: This life position is created when an individual was
too much ignored when he was a child. Here, an individual believes that he is
right, and all the others around him are wrong. These are the individual who
possesses the rebellion child ego and put blame on others for anything that goes
wrong with them.
3. I am not O.K., you are O.K.: This life position gets created when an individual
feels that
others do things better than him. He feels inferior to others and believes that
others can do many things which he cannot do by himself. These kinds of people
always complain about one thing or the other and remain highly dissatisfied with
their lives.
4. I am not O.K., you are not O.K.: This kind of life position is created by those who
lacks
interest in living. They feel life is not worth living and are the ones who have been
neglected by their parents in their childhood and were brought up by the
servants. Such kind of people commits suicide or homicide to end their lives.
Thus, the life positions talk about the individual developing his identity, sense of
worth and perception about others during his childhood and believing it to be true
until and unless some major experience changes it.
Q.4) What is Self Regulation?
Answer : Self-regulation is the ability to monitor and manage your energy states,
emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in ways that are acceptable and produce
positive results such as well being, loving relationships, and learning.
It is how we deal with stressors and as such, lays the foundation for all other
activity.
Developing this ability requires self-awareness, emotional intelligence, efficient
filtering of sensory stimulation, coping effectively with stress, relating well to
others, and sustaining focus. It is one of the big developmental tasks of
childhood. Sometimes, kids develop it naturally from being around self-regulating
adults, from playing and exercising, from being in nature, eating healthy foods,
getting plenty of sleep.
Q.5 ) Write Importance of Self Regulation.
Answer :
Self-regulation involves taking a pause between a feeling and an action—taking
the time to think things through, make a plan, wait patiently. Children often
struggle with these
behaviors, and adults may as well.
It's easy to see how a lack of self-regulation will cause problems in life. A child
who yells or hits other children out of frustration will not be popular among peers
and may face
reprimands at school. An adult with poor self-regulation skills may lack self-
confidence and self-esteem and have trouble handling stress and frustration.
Often, this might be expressed in terms of anger or anxiety, and in more severe
cases, may be diagnosed as a mental disorder. Self-regulation is also important in
that it allows you to act in accordance with your deeply held values or social
conscience and to express yourself appropriately. If you value academic
achievement, it will allow you to study instead of slack off before a test. If you
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value helping others, it will allow you to help a coworker with a project, even if
you are on a tight deadline yourself.
In it's most basic form, self-regulation allows us to bounce back from failure and
stay calm
under pressure. These two abilities will carry you through life, more than other
skills.Q.6) Write Simple Tips to Help You Manage Your Emotions.
Answer:
1. Use your emotions and bodily responses to recognize when you are under
stress. A
racing pulse, dry mouth, aching stomach, tight muscles, or muscle pain may all
indicate that something is amiss in your emotional world.
2. Write down your thoughts and feelings about what is stressing you. Take a
daily
inventory of your emotions. By writing down what you feel and when, you may be
able to
identify patterns of emotional ups and downs. If is also important to write down
the thoughts that go with the feelings.
3. Control whatever aspect of the stress that you can. Life presents many
situations every day, and you should not view them in black and white terms-
those you can control versus those you cannot. Look for the shades of grey- the
elements you can control
When you know what‘s going to happen in a situation, you nervous system can
gear up to handle it.
4. Don‘t make mountains out of molehills. When difficult situations arise, it is
important to assess how bad they really are before going into panic mode. If you
want to live a low-stress life, don‘t get all worked up over trivial matters.
5. Redefine the Problem. Your attitude to stress can affect your health more than
the stress itself can. If the problem is out of your control, recognize that and
redefine the problem to determine which parts you can avoid or handle.
6. Develop behaviors that distract you from stress. Anything you do that distracts
you
from your stress for a while is good. For example, take a walk or work in the
garden.
7. Reach out to a friend of family member. Social relationships are good for your
health,
and reaching out to someone about your stress can improve your outlook. If you
are lacking social networks, you may find it easiest to meet others during a
shared activity.
8. Exercise Regularly. Regular exercise is good for your physical and emotional
health.
Even moderate exercise can help reduce stress.
9. Meditate and Relax. Meditation has a wide variety of health benefits, and stress
reduction is one of the big ones
.Q.7) What is Amygdala? Explain in detail about it.
Answer :
Amygdala: Its is the region of the brain primarily associated with emotional
processes. The name amygdala is derived from the Greek word amygdale,
meaning ―almond,‖ owing to the structure‘s almondlike shape. The amygdala is
located in the medial temporal lobe, just anterior to (in front of) the hippocampus.
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Similar to the hippocampus, the amygdala is a paired structure, with one located
in each hemisphere of the brain.
The amygdala is part of the limbic system, a neural network that mediates many
aspects
of emotion and memory. Although historically the amygdala was considered to be
involved primarily in fear and other emotions related to aversive (unpleasant)
stimuli, it is now known to be involved in positive emotions elicited by appetitive
(rewarding) stimuli.
Anatomy Of The Amygdala
The amygdala comprises a group of nuclei, or clusters of neurons. The
basolateral complex, the largest of the clusters and located roughly in the lateral
and middle parts of the amygdala, includes the lateral, basal, and accessory-
basal nuclei. The lateral nucleus is the major recipient of input from sensory
cortices (cortical brain regions that represent information about sensory stimuli)
of all modalities (e.g., vision, hearing). In addition, it has been established that in
rodents information about auditory stimuli arrives in the amygdala directly from a
subcortical (beneath the cortex) area of the brain known as the medial geniculate
nucleus, which is located in the thalamus. The cortical and medial nuclei of the
amygdala form the so-called cortico-medial group. Olfactory (smell) information
flows directly into the cortico-medial amygdala from the olfactory bulb and
pyriform cortex, both of which function in the sense of smell. The intercalated
masses are a ribbon of inhibitory neurons that gate information flow from the
basolateral complex to the central nucleus of the amygdala.
Function Of The Amygdala
The amygdala plays a prominent role in mediating many aspects of emotional
learning and behaviour. There exist a vast array of human emotions, ranging from
joy to sadness, disgust to excitement, and regret to satisfaction. Most emotions
possess a valence (positive or negative) and an intensity (low to high) that
reflects emotional arousal. Studies of the neural basis of emotion in animal
models, including those focusing on the amygdala, typically have utilized
physiological (e.g., autonomic) or behavioral (e.g., approach or defense)
measures that likely reflect the valence and intensity of an emotional experience.
In the early part of the 20th century, psychologist Heinrich Klüver and
neurosurgeon Paul C. Bucy studied monkeys with lesions of the temporal lobe
that included the amygdala and observed changes in emotional, feeding, and
sexual behaviour. Subsequent studies established that the amygdala was a
critical structure mediating those effects.

Subject: Emotional Intelligence and Managerial Effectiveness

Module 03
Prof.Vinayak, IEMS BSchool
Q.1) What is the Meaning of Self-Motivation?
Answer :
―Self-motivation is, in its simplest form, the force that drives you to do
things‖ (Skills You Need,n.d.).It‘s the drive you have to work toward your
goals, to put effort intoselfdevelopment,and to achieve personal
fulfilment.It‘s important to note here that self-motivation is generally driven
by intrinsic motivation, a kind of motivation that comes from sincerely
wanting to achieve and desiring the inherent rewards associated with it.Self-
motivation can also be driven by extrinsic motivation, the drive to achieve
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that comes from wanting the external rewards (like money, power, status, or
recognition), although it‘s clear that intrinsic motivation is usually a more
effective and fulfilling drive.
Q.2) Give Examples of Self-Motivation
Answer :
Self-motivation is easy to understand when you consider some examples
that contrast it with other kinds of motivation:
1. A man who goes to work every only as a means to pay the bills, keep his
family off his back, and please his boss is not self-motivated, while a man
who needs no external forces to make the trek into work every day and finds
fulfilment in what he does is self-motivated;
2. The student who only completes her homework because her parents remind
her or nag her, or because they ground her when she fails to complete it is not
self-motivated, but the student who completes her
homework with no prodding because she wants to learn and succeed in school is
self-motivated;
As you can see, self-motivation is all about where your drive comes from; if your
motivation comes from within and pushes you to achieve for your own personal
reasons, it can be considered self-motivation.
If you are only motivated to achieve standards set by someone else and not for
your own internal satisfaction, you are probably not self-motivated. It‘s possible
to be self-motivated in some areas and not in others. For example, if the man from
the first example is not internally motivated to go to work but is
sure to make time for his marathon training, he is not self-motivated when it
comes to work but might be self-motivated to run.
Q.3) Write Importance of "Self Motivation"
Answer :
Self motivation is very important. There are several reasons for self motivation
being so important in a person's life. Everyone needs to be self motivated. These
days, with so many challenges and a lot of competition one needs to survive, self
motivation works like confidence enhancer. It boosts once
enthusiasm and provides energy to work. Self motivation is known as the most
important factor in your life. If you are looking for success in any area of your life,
you need self motivation. Self motivation plays an important role in enhancing
your self esteem. It cultivates a desire to do something in life. Experts in the past
have believed and even proved that when self motivation is combined with self
determination, one can
easily move mountains and find water in deserts. There are several things one
can get motivated with. People get motivated by their strong belief in the
almighty. They can even get motivated by an experience they have had or by any
other factor. These things just encourage you to change your perspective in life.
One can change in to a better person or a better business person with self
motivation. People usually go through happy and sad times in their lives. When
thing go awry, you need to support yourself, your family and people around you.
This needs a good amount of energy force in you. When providing support and
encouragement to your family and friends, you need to be really strong. Some
people are lucky to have good support in the times of pathos. However, some are
left alone and require a lot of courage to survive tough times. At such times, one
need to get motivates or motivates oneself. Lack of self motivation at