Unit

PART I– SIMPLE GRAMMAR

The Sentence

A Read these words:

fruit is a apple an
Do these words make sense?
No, they do not make sense.
Now, read the same words in another order:
An apple is a fruit.

Now these words make complete sense, and they form what is called
a Sentence.

A Sentence is a group of words which makes complete sense.

B When you write a sentence, you must remember two things:

1. The sentence must begin with a capital letter.

2. A full stop(.) must be placed at the end of the sentence.

an apple is a fruit (Wrong)

An apple is a fruit. (Right)

Exercise-l

Look at the picture carefully. It shows school children playing

football in the playground.

ST. PETERs sCHOOL

Mohan wrote a few words about the picture, but his words are
jumbled. Put the words in their right order to make sentences.
Begin with the underlined word. Finish with the word that has a
full stop (.) after it. One is done for you.
1. name my school of St. Peter's is School. The
The name of my school is St. Peter's School.

2. home. close My is to my school

3. sports at There school. of are lots my

4. volleyball and hockey. play We football,

5. best. like I to play football

Exercise-2

The boy who wrote the sentences below forgot to observe two
important rules. Now rewrite these sentences, putting in the capital
letters and full stops. The first one has been done for you.

1. arun hasa new puppy

Arun has a new puppy.
******

2 i am learning how to swim

3. mother baked a cake on anil's birthday

4. look the man is selling colourful balloons

5. the clown is making us laugh

6. this is a shuttle cock

7. rajam is riding a bike

 3. Horses eat grass.

4. Birds fly in the sky.

5. Girls are eating ice-cream.

In sentence 1, we speak about Pe ter.

In sentence 2, we speak about Ashok.

In sentence 3, we speak about horses.
In sentence 4, we speak about birds.

In sentence 5, we speak about girls.

B In a sentence, the person or thing we speak about is called the

Subject.

C Now out what

find is said about the subject in each of the above
sentences:

In sentence we say about the subject (Peter) that he runs fast.

1,
In sentence 2, we say about the subject (Ashok) that he is reading.
In sentence 3, we say about the subject (horses) that they eat grass.
In sentence we say about the subject (birds) that they fly
4, in the sky.

In sentence 5, we say about the subject (girls) that they are eating
ice-cream.

D What is said about the subject is called the Predicate.

E From the above it is clear that every sentence must have two
parts:

(1) The Subject (2) The Predicate

Unit

Subject and Predicate

A Look at the pictures, and then read the following sentences:

1. Peter runs fast. 2. Ashok is reading.

F The following sentences are divided into Subject and Predicate:
1. India is a great country. 6. His axe fell into the water.

2. The workmen were lazy. 7. A blind man cannot see.

3. He died for his country. 8. The wind is blowing.

4. This house is beautiful. 9. The poor boy began to weep.

5. Some boys were flying kites. 10. Can you speak English?

No. Subject Predicate

India is a great country.

2. The workmen were lazy.

3 He died for his country.

4 This house is beautiful.

5. Some boys were flying kites.

6. His axe fell into the water.

7 A blind man cannot see.

8 The wind is blowing.

9 The poor boy began to weep.
10. You can speak English?

G Sometimes the Subject is understood or left out. In the following

sentences the subject You is left out:
1. Come in! really means You come in!

2. Go out! really means You go out!

3. Sit down! really means You sit down!
4. Stand up! really means You stand up!
5. Run! really means You run!

6. Stop! really means You stop!

In all these sentences the word You, which is left out, is the Subject.
a subject fo Writer it.

Exercise-1
my favourite are fruit.
Read each sentence
 Exercise-2

Add Predicates to the following subjecis.

1. In winter

2. In summer, we

3. My favourite sport

4. Aeroplanes

5. The postman

6. The trees

2. is the tallest building in Delhi.

3 revolves around the sun.

can be played on ice also.

5 is called the Father of the Nation.

6. is our national animal.

7. of India is also called the Tricolour.

sheds its skin.

 Exercise-3

Here are sentences divided into Subjects and Predicates and the parts
are mixed up. Fit the right parts together to make sensible sentences:

Subject Predicate

1. The postman (a) grow on vines.

2. An aeroplane (b) is made of flour.
3. A policeman (C) runs on rails.
4. The butcher (d) sows wheat and rice.
5. The train (e) washes the dishes and plates.
6. Bees (f) brings us our letters.
7. The maid-servant (g) flies very fast.
8. The farmer (h) gather honey from flowers.
9. Grapes (i) sells meat.
10. Bread (Ö) catches thieves.

Write the answers here

1. 1:..).. 2. 3. 4. 5
7 8 10
7. A large crowd

Stars
8