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Temperature controlled
LEDs
Description.
The circuit is nothing but two LEDs (D1 and D2), whose status are controlled by
the temperature of the surroundings. The famous IC LM35 is used as the
temperature sensor here. Output of LM35 increases by 10mV per degree rise in
temperature. Output of LM35 is connected to the non inverting input of the
opamp CA3130.The inverting input of the same opamp can be given with the
required reference voltage using POT R2. If the reference voltage is 0.8V, then
the voltage at the non inverting input (output of LM35) becomes 0.8V when the
temperature is 80 degree Celsius. At this point the output of IC3 goes to positive
saturation. This makes the transistor Q1 On and LED D1 glows. Since the base of
Q2 is connected to the collector of Q1, Q2 will be switched OFF and LED D2
remains OFF. When the temperature is below 80 degree Celsius the reverse
happens.IC1 produces a stable 5V DC working voltage from the available9V DC
supply. If you already have a 5V DC supply then you can use it directly.
Circuit diagram.
Notes.
 The circuit can be assembled on a Vero board.
 IC3 must be mounted on a holder.
 The temperature trip point can be set by adjusting POTR2.
 Type no of Q1 and Q2 are not very critical. Any general purpose NPN
transistors will do it.

Electromagnetic field
sensor circuit

This is a very simple circuit that can be used to sense electromagnetic

radiations. The circuit can even detect hidden wrings. A 1mH inductor is used for
sensing the electric field. The electric field will induce a small voltage in the
sensor inductor and this induced voltage is amplified by the opamp.The
headphone connect at the output of the opamp will give an audio indication of
the electric field. For example, the electric field around a mains transformer can
be heard as a 50 Hz hum. The POT R4 can be used to adjust the gain of the
amplifier. By keeping the sensor inductor near to a telephone line, you can even
hear the telephone conversations.

Circuit diagram with Parts list.

Notes.
 Assemble the circuit on a general purpose PCB.
 The circuit can be powered from a 9V PP3 battery.
 It is better to have a radial type inductor for L1.
 The POT R4 can be used to adjust the gain.
 The switch S1 can be a slide type ON/OFF switch.
 The IC1 must be mounted on a holder.
 All electrolytic capacitors must be rated at least 15V.

Whistle to beep circuit

Description.
This simple circuit produces a beeping sound that lasts for around 3 seconds
whenever you make a whistle. The CMOS Hex inverter CD4049 is the heart of
this circuit. Out of the six inverters in CD4049, U1a is wired as an audio amplifier
which amplifies the signal picked up by the microphone M1.The U1b is wired as
a band pass filter with center frequency around 2KHz.The filter is necessary in
order to pass the frequency corresponding to whistling sound and suppress all
other frequencies .If the filter is not there, the circuit could easily get false
triggered.U1d is wired as a 3S delay monostable multivibrator.The output U1d
drives the astable multivibrator formed by U1e and U1f.The astable multivibrator
is operating around 4Hz.The combined effect is a intermittent beeping sound
that lasts for around 3S.Transistor Q1 is used to drive the buzzer B1.
Circuit diagram with Parts list.

Notes.
 Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB.
 The circuit can be powered from a 3V battery.
 IC U1 is a CMOS CD4049 Hex inverter.
 M1 can be an electret microphone.
 B1 can be a 3V piezo buzzer.
 Mount the IC on a holder.
 The duration of beeping can be adjusted by varying the components C4 and
R9.
Digital dice circuit
This is a simple and easy to construct digital dice circuit. The circuit is based on
a single IC, CD4060B.The dice consists of six LEDs marked D1 to D6.The number
of LEDs glowing indicates the numeral.

The heart of this circuit is 14 stage binary ripple counter IC CD4060B.The IC also
has a built-in oscillator. The oscillator output (here 2 KHz) is used to clock the
binary ripple counter. The counter increments by one in its natural count
sequence each time it is clocked. The oscillator in initially inhibited as long as
the pushbutton switch S2 is not pressed. The counter outputs will be in logic
zero state and all the six LEDs will be ON.As the push button S2 is pressed,
oscillator is enabled and the counter starts counting. The counter outputs (pin 4,
5 & 7) changes from 000 to 101 and then resets to 000 to repeat the sequence.
After 101 the counter does not advances to 110 because of R3, D7 & D8.When
the counter just advances from 101 to 110 the diodes D7 & D8 become reverse
biased and makes the reset pin (pin 12) high to reset the counter.

The counter counts as long as the push button switch S2 is pressed. Also the
micro buzzer will sound as long as the IC is counting. When the push button
switch S2 is released, the counting is stopped and holds the existing state to
represent the random number.
Circuit diagram with Parts list.

Notes.
 Switch S1 is the ON/OFF switch.
 Switch S2 can be a push button switch.
 Buzzer K1 is a piezo buzzer.
 The circuit can be powered from a 9V PP3 battery.
 The IC must be mounted on a holder.