(A Unit of Adithya Institute of Technology Affiliated to Anna University

Chennai and Approved b AICTE, New Delhi)

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

REGULATIONS – 2021

BA4111 – INDIAN ETHOS

(RECORD BOOK)

Student Name : A . MOHAMED DUBAIL

Registration Number :

Anna University

February 2023
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

REGULATIONS – 2021

BA4111 – INDIAN ETHOS

(RECORD BOOK)

Student Name : A . MOHAMED DUBAIL

Registration Number :

Programme : MBA

Batch : 2022-2024

Faculty In Charge Head / Director

Name : Dr N Sundarapandiyan
Designation : Professor & Head

Date of Practical Laboratory Examination: ___________________________

Internal Examiner External Examiner

1|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

BA4111 – INDIAN ETHOS

COURSE OBJECTIVES: To enable the learners in understanding of the basic

concepts of Indian Ethos and familiarise about ethical behaviour and value
systems at work.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

1. The learners are able to apply the basic concepts of Indian ethos and value
systems at work.
2. The learners can handle issues of business ethics and offer solutions in
ethical perspectives
3. The learners are professionally efficient and skilful in value systems and
culture
4. The learners are capable in ethically manage business towards well being
of the society.
5. The learners can be socially effective in undertaking business
responsibilities.

Note :

The following is the list of topics suggested for preparation and presentation by
students twice during the semester. This is evaluated by the faculty handling the
course and the final marks are consolidated at the end of the semester.

1) Indian Ethos and Personality Development

2) Work ethos and ethics for Professional Managers
3) Indian Values, Value Systems and Wisdom for modern managers
4) Ethos in leadership development
5) Indian system of learning – Gurukul system of learning, Law of humility,
Law of growth, Law of responsibility

2|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

Table of Content

Course Practical Seminar & Content Development Page No.

Outcomes Task No.
CO1 The learners are able to apply the basic concepts
of Indian ethos and value systems at work.

CO2 The learners can handle issues of business

ethics and offer solutions in ethical perspectives
Seminar 1
CO3 The learners are professionally efficient and
skilful in value systems and culture
CO4 The learners are capable in ethically manage
business towards well being of the society.
CO5 Seminar 2
The learners can be socially effective in
undertaking business responsibilities.
Annexure
a) Indian Ethos Video Links
b) Indian Ethos Seminar Slides
References and Bibliography

Note: Maintain 12 font size and Times New Roman font Style with 1.5 line space / task
headings could be 14 font size.
Include power point presentation slides used in seminar

3|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Grade Sheet

Seminar Seminar & Reporting

Course Content Seminar Paper & Report (40%) Presentation Q&A
Outcomes Development & Originality Understanding Paper Presentation Q&A Total
Presentation 20% Outcomes Structure Structure Skills & 100%
Outcomes and 10 % 10% and Skills Transformation
Topics 40% 20%
CO1 The learners are
able to apply the
basic concepts of
Indian ethos and
value systems at
work.

CO2 The learners can

handle issues of
business ethics
and offer
solutions in
ethical
perspectives

CO3 The learners are

professionally
efficient and
skilful in value
systems and
culture
CO4 The learners are
capable in
ethically manage
business towards
well being of the
society.
CO5 The learners can
be socially
effective in
undertaking
business
responsibilities.

Total Marks

Average Marks 100%

Course Coordinator Expert Committee 1 Expert Committee 2

Name & Desgn.:

HOD/Director

4|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Task 1 - Basic Ethos of India, Value of Indian Ethos

Indian Ethos
Indian Ethos in Management refers to the values and practices that the culture of India can
contribute to service, leadership and management. These values and practices are rooted
in Sanathana Dharma (the eternal essence), and have been influenced by various strands
of Indian philosophy.

Ethos:
Ethos is a discipline that examines one’s morality or the moral standard of the society. Ethicsmeans
expected standards in terms of your personal and social welfare. It includes honesty, morality,
responsibility etc

Basic Concept of Indian Ethos :

Indian Ethos in Management refers to the values and practices that the culture of India can
contribute to service, leadership and management. These values and practices are rooted in the
eternal essence, and have been influenced by various strands of Indian philosophy.

The Indian ethos gives greater emphasis on values and ethics. Indian ethos emphasizes on
inner resources. Inner resources are much more powerful than outer resources. Purpose of
Indian ethos is to develop proper management, to ensure all round development, encourage
employees to work sincerely, increase the productivity of human beings in management.

Indian ethos provides that "Business" need not be regarded evil, tainted and unethical.
Business is sacred. It is a matter of attitude, approach and level of management consciousness.
One can do business, make money, earn profit, build up property and even then, it can be
managed with due recognition to human and ethical values and respecting all persons in the
enterprise and in the society as human beings. Indian ethos demands subjective management
system, giving due importance to virtues like compassion, honesty, co-operation etc.

5|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Value System at Workplace:
A system of beliefs that helps one to make decisions personal or business is known as
a value system. In a professional environment, such core values form the foundations that build
any business. These values need to be upheld and implemented across the entire business. The
employees need to treat such value systems as sacred and use them regularly throughout the
decision-making process. When they are used optimally, these core values can provide benefits
to a company to grow fast and evolve into a larger organization. At any
organization,developing and inculcating such a value system in every employee is crucial

6|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Task-2 Work ethos and ethics for professional managers :

Work ethos : work ethos is heart of why we work, what drives us and gives us purpose and
meaning in the work place.

Dimensions of work ethos

1.Self-Reliance:
Self-reliance may be particularly prudent for individuals who are not yet established in their
careers since it is conceivable that they will be observed more closely than established
professionals. It may be necessary for them to quickly demonstrate the ability to work
independently, particularly given a business environment of weakening long-term
commitments between employees and employers.

2.Morality/Ethics:
The term morality evolved from the Latin word moralis, while ethics is associated with a
Greek-rooted word, ethos. Loosely translated, each is a reference to issues surrounding the
character, customs, and matters of behavior. Occasionally, morality is used to describe how
people act, while ethics is used to define the study of behavior standards, specifically rules of
right and wrong (Gbadamosi, 2004). More frequently, however, the terms ethics and morality
are used interchangeably as a way of referring to the manner in which people act or are expected
to act.

3.Leisure:
Historically, waking hours have been dichotomized such that total time minus working
time is equal to leisure or, at least, non-working time (Feldman and Hornik, 1981).
Understanding work-leisure relationships require a clear distinction between leisure potential,
leisure activity, and leisure orientation . Leisure potential is the flexibility to do what one
wishes to do when he or she wishes to do it (Parker, 1981). Leisure activity is participating in
a non-working activity and leisure orientation is the desire to participate in non-working
activities.

7|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
4.Hard Work:
Hard work is a belief that one can become a better person and achieve his or her objectives
through a commitment to the value and importance of work. An individual committed to hard
work can overcome almost any obstacle, can achieve personal goals, and become a better
person. He or she has the primary responsibility for fulfilling personal objectives such as the
desire for success and the accumulation of material wealth.

5.Centrality of Work:
Centrality of Work refers to the importance that an individual places on his or her
opportunity to work. It transcends the need and/or desire for compensation and represents a
major frame of reference in ones self-identification . A study by Pryor and Davies (1989)
investigated the actual work centrality concept and focused on three conceptualizations. First,
is the belief that work is good and it provides dignity, second, work centrality is a residual
concept (i.e., the less interested one is in non-work activities the greater the centrality of work)
and third, the affective interest one has in the work, the passion for the process. The Pryor and
Davies (1989) study did not establish a strong relationship between the three conceptualizations
and work centrality, thus many questions remain.

6.Wasted Time:
Wasted time in this context refers to a continuum with one end representing a high
commitment to time management in order to maximize productivity and the other end
characterizing a low commitment to time management. The efficient and constructive use of
time is consistent with a strong work ethic and it has been long understood that improved
performance is inexorably linked to efficient use of time . Poor time management and
procrastination have been identified as an obstacle to productivity.

7.Delay of Gratification:
Delay of gratification reflects the ability to forgo short-term rewards in order to reap
some benefit in the future. It is an individual‟s ability to sustain a chosen course of action for
the achievement of a longterm goal even though there are tempting alternatives that offer short-
term gratification. While delay of gratification has been studied relative to socioeconomic
status and impulse buying , affective decision making and perspective taking, gender, life
themes and motivations among students re-entering a university environment , organizational
satisfaction and commitment, procedural justice and distributive justice relationship, and
impulsive choices and problem behaviors.

8|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

Top 10 work ethics :

1. Attendance
2. Character
3. Team work
4. Appearance
5. Attitude
6. Productivity
7. Organisational skills
8. Communication
9. Cooperation
10. Respect

5 P’s of work ethics:

Pupose
A purpose combines both your vision as well as the values you would like to see upheld in
your business. It comes from the top down and outlines specifically what is considered
acceptable as well as unacceptable in terms of conduct in your business.

Pride
Pride builds dignity and self-respect. if employees are proud of where they work and what
they are doing, they are much more inclined to act in an ethical manner. you want your
employees to want to come to work each morning.

Patience
Since you must focus on long-term versus short-term results, you must develop a certain
degree of patience. Without it, you will become too frustrated and will be more tempted to
choose unethical alternatives.

Persistence
Persistence means standing by your word. It means being committed. If you are not
committed to the ethics you have outlined, then they become worthless. Be persistent.

9|Page
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Perspective
In a world where there is never enough time to do everything we need or want to do, it is
often difficult to maintain perspective. However, stopping and reflecting on where your
business is headed, why you are headed that way, and how you are going to get there allows
you to make the best decisions both in the short-term as well as the long-term.

10 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Task-3 Indian Values, Value system and Wisdom for modern managers :

Jnana View of Modern Management :

Jnana yoga , also known as the jnana marga is one of the three classical paths (margas)
for moksha (liberation) in Hinduism, which emphasizes the "path of knowledge", also known
as the "path of self-realization"

The practice of Management exists broadly in four levels which can be depicted with an
“inverted” pyramid . It starts from managing “self”. Managing your self through moral values
and ethical principles is of utmost importance. Only when we practice morality and ethics and
manage our desires and senses, then, we set examples for others to follow

Through leadership we are able to connect well with the broader society as we start sharing a
common goal and purpose which is constantly striving for the betterment of the society.
“business ecosystem” at this level to indicate this web of inter-relationships. Finally, we go to
the level of global management which is facilitated by promotion of free trade both on a trans-
national and trans-continental basis. The rapid globalization and inter-mixing of cultures is
leading to the creation of a common “global” culture.

This movement from the level of Self Management to Creation of a Uniform World order is
through creation, exchange and transfer of knowledge at various levels. It is this knowledge
which is instrumental in relating the individual to the larger society or the universal order.

11 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
This is really in tune with the Vedanta school of thought where the ultimate aim of any person
is to connect his “Atman” Individual Self” with the “Brahman” (Universal Self). And it is
through knowledge (Jnana) that an individual attains this Universal Self.

The Six-Fold path constitutes the following steps:

(i) Knowledge creation (jnana sriṣṭi)
(ii) Knowledge acquisition (jnana prāpti)
(iii) Knowledge transfer (jnana parivahana)
(iv) Knowledge sharing (jnana sahabhājana)
(v) Open innovation (mukta navaracanā)
(vi) Spiritual Congruence (ādhyātmika sāmanjasya)

INDIAN VALUE SYSTEM ACCORDING TO ASTANGA :

ASTANGA YOGA : In Sanskrit "Ashta + anga" is ashtanga. "Ashta" means Eight and "Anga"
is limbs so it means Eight Limb path, Ashtanga yoga is based on Yoga Philosophy of Patanjali.
There are eight fold paths of discipline which clearly depicts the values of Indian culture.

Eight fold path of discipline :

1. YAMA : It means abstention from injury through thought, word from falsehood, from
stealing, from lust from avarice
2. NIYAMA : It is self culture and includes external and internal purification and
devotion.
3. ASANA :This is discipline of the body.
4. PRANAYAMA: This is highly conducive to the concentration of mind.
5. PRATYAHARA : It is control of senses.
6. DHARANA : It is fixing the mind on meditation.
7. DHYANA : It is steadfast contemplation without any break
8. SAMATHI : It means Concentration it is of two kinds.
i. conscious (ekagra)
ii. Supra conscious (nirudha)

It also says, the highest goal (summum bonum) is not only wellbeing of human beings but also
of all living creatures

12 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
The following Sanskrit verse sums up the Indian ethical Idea ,

“Sarve bhabantu sukhinah sarve santu niramayah sarve bhadrani pasyanthu makaschit
dukhabhagabhavet.”

“May all be ease; May all be in good health; May all experience happiness, May none
experience suffering”

13 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Task-4 Ethos in leadership development

Ethos in Leadership
Leadership Ethos in terms of the characteristic way in which leadership is embodied, enacted
and exercised within particular “influence relationships” based on shared convictions. These
include moral judgements.

Moral judgements may be exercised in three distinct ways. One may judge something to be
moral, immoral or indeed amoral constituting the moral continuum through which moral duties
and duties are fulfilled. In this way moral judgements are incorporated in leadership ethos as
part of shared convictions. Leadership ethos integrates actions which add value, honour
commitments to stakeholders and society, and obey laws.

In influencing others, leaders are most effective when they are perceived as ethical stewards—
choosing service over self-interest maintaining a long-term perspective about wealth creation,
and treating others as trusted owners and partners. A morally virtuous leader is perceived as
highly responsible, committed to the best interests of others, and effective at achieving results
that come from highly motivated and engaged team members

Morality is associated with adding value, keeping commitments to stakeholders and society
and obeying the laws, whilst immorality denotes seeking outcomes that maximise self-interest
while avoiding self-harm. However, amorality is neither moral nor immoral but implies avoid
breaking the law but may act with self-interest rather than society’s. These three concepts—
Morality, Immorality and Amorality referred to as a Moral Continuum.

14 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
The three attributes of leadership ethos:-
Morally virtuous leaders incorporate three important attributes that are the underlying qualities
of Leader. They are Vision, Virtues, and Values.

Vision
Vision is the price tag of leadership. Vision is associated with the image that represents oneself
and projected in future. Significantly, vision implies “to know” as well as describing the
capacity “to see” .Many scholars describe vision as, “attributes of brevity, clarity, abstractness,
challenge, future orientation, stability, and desirability

Virtues
Virtues reflect the strength of character require to achieve both excellence and improved quality
associated virtues with mind set , character traits that are key foundations of ethical
relationships. Virtuous leadership enhances and promotes behaviour that enables the building
of trust in relationships with others. Virtuous leadership is also goal oriented.

Values
Values are regarded by some scholars as abstract, trans-situational notions of what is good,
right and desirable

Modern Leadership Practices :

Sweeping the problem under the carpet appears to be the way that demise of the Saudi writer,
Jamal Khashoggi, was handled by the response of President Trump’s . Rather than
meaningfully examining the facts of the case, a politically expedient response was made to
minimize the event and attempt to smooth relations between the US and the Saudi governments.
Such is an example of “political deniability” is the way in which some leaders seem to avoid
confronting unpleasantries and avoiding their ethical duties.

15 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Task 5 - Indian system of learning

Guru Kula System of Learning

Guru Kula system education is the process of learning is being practiced since early
ages in India. The origin of the Gurukul system date back to 5000BC and it was
prevalent during the Vedic age. The essence of this system lies in the principal of
diligence and discipline; this was residential education system in which the shisyas
resided with guru. The word Guru derived from Sanskrit, Guru means the “teacher “and
Kula means “extent family”. The Gurukul school at holistic development of student
which include the physical, mental and spiritual development. Gurukul was actually the
home of teacher of Acharya and was the centre of learning where pupils resided till
their education got complete. The relationship between Guru and shisyas was so scared.
That no fee was taken from the students the student had to offer a Guru Dakshina which
was taken respect paid to the teacher. The main focus was imparting learning to the
student in the natural surrounding were the shisyas lead with each other with
brotherhood, humanity, love and discipline. According to the system they not only
focused on subjects they also consider arts sports etc that develop their intelligence and
critical thinking and activities such as yoga meditation Mantra chanting etc generated
positive and peace of mind made them it, all this helped in the personality development
and increase their confidence, sense of discipline, intellect and mindfulness which is
necessary even today to face the world that lay head. The student learn from the Guru
and had the Guru in everyday life including carrying out of mundane in daily household
chores Many people may consider the Gurukul system to be quite structured and bizarre
concept, because thought of living with a teacher absence of curriculum etc.. But at now
in modern day educationalist has taken a backward look and realise that, there are many
teaching a project from the Gurukul system that can be inculcated in the present day
educational system. Modern infrastructure and book is knowledge is not sufficient to
make a good personality in our world, Gurukul system focus don’t applied knowledge
that prepared the students in all fields of life. Dayan and Saraswati the founder of Arya
samaj and Swami Shardananda and pinoor of modern Gurukul system who is 1886
founded. The present day education mainly focused on a rank based system, at now the
educational list realised that application of Gurukul system instead can work on a value
based system where focus can be given on the uniqueness of child and criteria. Various
Gurukul still exist in India and researches have been studying the effectiveness of
system through their institution. The Gurukul system education is available outside in

16 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
India as well but Gurukul is prevalent, since the Vedic period Gurukul system best yet
most of the Indian do not understand. At now Gurukul system combines modern
concepts of education with traditional Indian values and liberal method to achieve it
and it become more popular in coming days.

1. LAW OF HUMILITY:

The Law of Humility This law can be seen as a law of acceptance. It teaches one to
focus on accepting his or her reality. It is only when you accept everything about
yourself and those around you, you can start bringing changes.If you are too busy just
picking on negatives of the others, then you are not connected to your higher self and
you are not accepting things as they are.

2. LAW OF GROWTH:

The Law of Growth is the Universal Law which is one of the simplest to comprehend.
It simply exists to ensure that something always grows, that creation is constant and
determined by the kind and quality of seed which is planted. In the case of Universal
truth this seed is determined by the energy projected.Gandhi very famously said, “Be
the change you want to see in the world”. This law also says something similar. It
teaches you to constantly work on your growth. It also tells you to do what you want
others to do.

You can’t make decisions for anyone else, nor you can force them to reach a conclusion.
You have to have your own understanding of Karma depending on your life
experiences.

17 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

3. LAW OF RESPONSIBILITY:

The Law of Responsibility suggests that we are responsible for everything that happens
in our lives. We are responsible for where we are today and where we are going. The
responsibility of our achievements and failures also falls on our shoulders.As the name
suggests, this karmic law wants you to take ownership of your own actions. Your
outside world right now depends on what you are inside. If you want to change anything
externally, you have to change something within yourself. You must take full
responsibility for what is happening outside and then make efforts to change your inner
self. No matter what situation you are in, it can be changed just by accepting and then
taking responsibility

18 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

ANNEXURE :

1. Indian Ethos Video Documentary Link – ( A Lesson from “Patthupaatu” )

https://youtu.be/bz7GlalBzpc

2. Indian Ethos Seminar slides :

19 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

20 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

21 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

22 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23

23 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
3.Indian Ethos Seminar Photos :

24 | P a g e
BA4111 – Indian Ethos 2022-23
Reference :

1. Bhawuk Dharam P.S.: 2011, Spirituality and Indian Psychology: Lessons from the
Bhagavad-Gita (Springer)
2. Barlett A. and David,P.: 2000, ‘Can Ethical Behaviour really exist in Business?’,
journal of Business Ethics, 23, 199–209.
3. Murthy, Narayana: 2003, ‘The Essence of Leadership’, The Smart Manager, Oct-
Nov issue
4. www.vedantainstitute.co.in

5. www.macstories.net

6. http://www.yogapoint.com/info/ashtanga-yoga.htm

7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jnana_yoga

8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi#:~:text=He%20said%20that
%20the%20Saudi,Arabian%2Dled%20intervention%20in%20Yemen.

9. Miles, L.D., 1972,“Techniques of Value Analysis and Engineering”, MG-Hill

Society of Japanese Engineering,1981,“Guidebook for VE activities, a basic
VE manual

25 | P a g e