Ký hiệu:

- Vowels - Nguyên âm

- Consonants: Phụ âm

- Monophthongs: Nguyên âm ngắn

- Diphthongs: Nguyên âm dài

=> Phân chia bảng nguyên âm tiếng Anh 44 âm sẽ có 20 nguyên âm và 24 phụ âm

=> Phát âm S/ES: + Vô thanh => S
+ Hữu thanh => Z

Long vowel sound /i:/: keep, scream, meat, leap, cheap

Short vowel sound /i/: hip, lip, chip, kid, kiss
Long vowel sound /u:/: food, shoe, blue, cool, boo
Short vowel sound /u/: foot, book, full, look, cook
Long vowel sound /a:/: far, car, bar, park, hard
Short vowel sound /^/: dust, cut, up, one, sun
Long vowel sound /ɔ:/: door, four, ball, flora, more
Short vowel sound /ɒ/: hot, dog, top, mop, chop
Short vowel sound /e/: pen, bed, ten, tent, men
Short vowel sound /ae/: cat, fat, hat, matter, mass
Long vowel sound /3:/: learn, bird, girl, church, first
Short vowel sound /ə/: doctor, better, dinner, october, must

Unit 1: /i:/ and /i/

Long vowel sound /i:/ keep, scream, meat, leap, cheap

Short vowel sound /i/ hip, lip, chip, kid, kiss

Eg:
1. Steve / keeps the cheese / in the freezer.
2. I scream / you scream / we all scream for ice cream.