Hepadnavirus family

DNA virus

Enveloped virus
Features
replicates both inside and outside the nucleus

Circular Genome & partially double stranded becomes fully double stranded during replication

reverse transcriptase it is not a retrovirus doesn’t integrate into host chromosome

Sex

Blood
Transmission
Needles

Vertical transmission

Right upper quadrant pain

Acute
Jaundice

Hepatitis

Less likely than Hepatitis C

Adults: 5-10%

Diseases occurrence
Chronic
Newborns: 90-95%

Cirrhosis
Long term sequelae
Hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatitis B
Rash

Arthralgia

Membranous glomerulonephritis
Prodermal serum sickness-type illness Glomerulonephritis
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

systemic vasculitis

Polyarthritis Nodosa Affects medium to small arteries

Small aneurysms formed have “beads on a string

HbSAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen)

HbeAg

Lab Dx. Anti-HBc (Hepatitis B core antibody)

Anti-HBe

Anti-HBs

Acute cases clear by themselves

Lamivudine

NRTIs
Pregnant women and people with chronic hepatitis
B
Tto of Hep B (only for people with
chronic Hepatitis B
IFN-alpha infection, not to be
used for
pregnant women

Active immunity (Hepatitis B vaccination)

Newborn to Hepatitis B positive mother
Passive immunity (immunoglobulins)