AI PROJ sECT .

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CY CL E
 Introduction

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Project Cycle is a step-by-step

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process to solve problems using

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proven scientific methods and
drawing inferences about them.

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 Overview

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 s.in
P RO
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S o
C OP IN G
 Problem Scoping

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We are surrounded by problems.

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We become so used to a problem that it becomes a part of our life.

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Problem Scoping refers to identifying/understanding a problem, finding out various

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factors which affect the problem, it also defines the goal or aim of the project.

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A lot of times we are unable to observe any
problem in our surroundings, In that case, we
can take a look at the Sustainable Development

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Goals.
 Sustainable Development Goals

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Sustainable Development: To Develop for the present without exploiting the resources of the
future.

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17 goals have been announced by the United nations

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The aim is to achieve these goals by the end of 2030. A pledge to do so has been taken by all

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the member nations of the UN.

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The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),also known as the Global Goals, were adopted by

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all United Nations Member States in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect

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the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.
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 4Ws Problem Canvas

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The 4W’s of Problem Scoping are Who, What, Where, and Why. These Ws helps in

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identifying and understanding the problem in a better and efficient manner.

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 4Ws Problem Canvas
Who?

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Who Canvas

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 4Ws Problem Canvas
What?

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What Canvas

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 4Ws Problem Canvas
Where?

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Where Canvas

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 4Ws Problem Canvas
Why?

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Why Canvas

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 Problem Statement Template

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ACQ
Ai o U IS IT IO N
 Data Acquisition
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 Data Acquisition

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Data Acquisition
 Data Acquisition

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Data Features

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Big Data
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It includes data with sizes that exceed the capacity of traditional

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software to process within an acceptable time and value.
The main focus is on unstructured type of data.
 Data Acquisition
Data Sources
 Data Acquisition
Data Sources
 Data Acquisition
Data Sources
 Data Acquisition

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 DATAds . in
EXfPo rk i
Ai LO RA TIO N
 Data Exploration

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Definition:

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Data can be arranged in the form of a table, plotting a chart, or making a database )

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 Data Exploration Visualisation Tools

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 s.in
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Aif DE LL I N
 AI Modelling

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 AI Modelling

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Modelling is the process in which different models based on the visualized data can be

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created and even checked for the advantages and disadvantages of the model.

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 Rule Based Approach

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Refers to the AI modelling where the rules are defined by the

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developer

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The machine follows the rules or instructions mentioned by the

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developer and performs its task accordingly.

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This is known as a rule-based approach because we fed the data

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along with rules to the machine and the machine after getting

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trained on them is now able to predict answers for the same

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A drawback/feature for this approach is that the learning is
static. The machine once trained, does not take into
consideration any changes made in the original training dataset
 Rule Based Approach

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Ex: You trained your model with 100 images of apples and bananas. Now If you

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test it by showing an apple, it will figure out and tell if it is an apple or not.

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Here Labeled images of apples and bananas were fed, due to which the model
could detect the fruit.
 Learning Based Apporach

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The learning-Based Approach is based on a Machine learning experience with

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the data fed.

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After training, the machine is now fed with testing data.

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Machine learning: Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that

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provides machines the ability to learn automatically and improve from experience
without being programmed for it.

The machine learning approach that introduces the dynamicity in the model.
 Learning Based Approach

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The learning-based approach can further be divided into three parts give above.
 Supervised Learning

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The dataset which is fed to the machine is labelled.

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We can say that the dataset is known to the person who is training the machine only

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then he/she is able to label the data.

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A label is some information which can be used as a tag for data.
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 Supervised Learning

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 Unsupervised Learning

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 Unsupervised Learning
Clustering

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 Unsupervised Learning
Clustering

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 Re-enforcement

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1. Learning through feedback or trial and error method

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2. The system works on a Reward or Penalty policy.

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3. In this an agent performs an action positive or negative, in the environment which is

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taken as input from the the system, then the system changes the state in the environment

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and the agent is provided with a reward or penalty.

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 Re-enforcement

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Example: A very good example of these is Vending machines.

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Suppose you put a coin (action) in a

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Juice Vending machine(environment),

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now the system detects the amount

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of coin given (state) you get the drink

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corresponding to the amount(reward)

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If the coin is damaged or there is any
other problem, then you get nothing
(penalty).