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Basic Education Department

Senior High School

GRADE 12
INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON
First Semester SY 2020-2021

Week 7-8 Day 9 - 12

Lesson Title Human Person in the Society

Time Duration 4 hours

Consultation Time Wednesday 3:00 – 4:00 P.M.

Resources
Christine Carmela R. Ramos, PhD (2019). Introduction to the
Philosophy of the Human Person. Rex Book Store, Inc. 856 Nicanor
Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc, Manila.

Title: Why humans run the world | Yuval Noah Harari

By: TED
https://cdn5.vectorstock.com/i/1000x1000/92/59/man-and-woman-human-evolution-to-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzj7Wg4DAbs digital-cyborg-vector-30009259.jpg

Title: The three Mexican deaths

By: Jason Silva: Shots of Awe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-vEj2YOTXw&t=133s

Learning Intent: The students can;

a. Recognize how individuals form societies and how individuals are transformed by societies
b. Compare different forms of societies and individualities (eg. Agrarian, industrial and virtual)
c. Explain how human relations are transformed by social systems

CHECKING FOR PRIOR KNOWLEDGE

Rate me. Personally, evaluate how the government lead the nation as an overall by rating it from 1 to 5. Encircle your
answer.

Instructional Strategies

A. Context

We can all agree that one of the primal states of man is his desire to connect. This desire surely helped us with
our survival by forming society. In this module we will journey to explore in some of the greatest mind history with our
understanding society and in our response against indifference.
B. Concept Notes

Forms of Societies Description

MEDIEVAL Faith and Reason
MODERN Age of Empiricism-the view that the origin of all knowledge
is sense experience and sensory perception)
GLOBALIZATION & TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS Introduction to invention- Industrial Revolution

Guided Practice
Video Analysis. Take time in watching the videos below. Link is provided for those who can access the internet. For
learners who cannot access the internet please refer to ATTACHMENT #1 entitled Why humans run the world by
Yuval Noah Harari

Title: Why humans run the world | Yuval Noah Harari

By: TED
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzj7Wg4DAbs

Title: The three Mexican deaths

By: Jason Silva: Shots of Awe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-vEj2YOTXw&t=133s

Please refer to ATTACHMENT #2

C. Independent Practice

Please refer to ATTACHMENT #3

CHECKING FOR UNDERSTANDING

Please refer to ATTACHMENT #4

Learning

“Pugad baboy” is well known for his funny that sometimes has societal concern comical skit. You are to make your own
comical skit by applying what you have learned from our lesson. Your main objective is to create a funny and societal
philosophical comical skit with 6 slides. Please refer to ATTACHMENT #5.

Attachments

ATTACHMENT #1
Why humans run the world | Yuval Noah Harari
By: TED

70,000 years ago humans were insignificant animals. The most important thing to know about prehistoric humans is that
they were unimportant. Their impact on the world was very small, less than that of jellyfish, woodpeckers or bumblebees.

Today, however, humans control this planet. How did we reach from there to here? What was our secret of success, that
turned us from insignificant apes minding their own business in a corner of Africa, into the rulers of the world?

We often look for the difference between us and other animals on the individual level. We want to believe that there is
something special about the human body or human brain that makes each individual human vastly superior to a dog, or a
pig, or a chimpanzee. But the fact is that one-on-one, humans are embarrassingly similar to chimpanzees. If you place me
and a chimpanzee together on a lone island, to see who survives better, I would definitely place my bets on the chimp.

The real difference between us and other animals is on the collective level. Humans control the world because we are the
only animal that can cooperate flexibly in large numbers. Ants and bees can also work together in large numbers, but they
do so in a very rigid way. If a beehive is facing a new threat or a new opportunity, the bees cannot reinvent their social
system overnight in order to cope better. They cannot, for example, execute the queen and establish a republic. Wolves
and chimpanzees cooperate far more flexibly than ants, but they can do so only with small numbers of intimately known
individuals. Among wolves and chimps, cooperation is based on personal acquaintance. If I am a chimp and I want to
cooperate with you, I must know you personally: What kind of chimp are you? Are you a nice chimp? Are you an evil
chimp? How can I cooperate with you if I don’t know you?

Only Homo sapiens can cooperate in extremely flexible ways with countless numbers of strangers. One-on-one or ten-on-
ten, chimpanzees may be better than us. But pit 1,000 Sapiens against 1,000 chimps, and the Sapiens will win easily, for
the simple reason that 1,000 chimps can never cooperate effectively. Put 100,000 chimps in Wall Street or Yankee
Stadium, and you’ll get chaos. Put 100,000 humans there, and you’ll get trade networks and sports contests.

Cooperation is not always nice, of course. All the terrible things humans have been doing throughout history are also the
product of mass cooperation. Prisons, slaughterhouses and concentration camps are also systems of mass cooperation.
Chimpanzees don’t have prisons, slaughterhouses or concentration camps.

Yet how come humans alone of all the animals are capable of cooperating flexibly in large numbers, be it in order to play,
to trade or to slaughter? The answer is our imagination. We can cooperate with numerous strangers because we can
invent fictional stories, spread them around, and convince millions of strangers to believe in them. As long as everybody
believes in the same fictions, we all obey the same laws, and can thereby cooperate effectively.

This is something only humans can do. You can never convince a chimpanzee to give you a banana by promising that
after he dies, he will go to Chimpanzee Heaven and there receive countless bananas for his good deeds. No chimp will
ever believe such a story. Only humans believe such stories. This is why we rule the world, whereas chimps are locked up
in zoos and research laboratories.

It is relatively easy to accept that religious networks of cooperation are based on fictional stories. People build a cathedral
together or go on crusade together because they believe the same stories about God and Heaven. But the same is true of
all other types of large-scale human cooperation. Take for example our legal systems. Today, most legal systems are
based on a belief in human rights. But human rights are a fiction, just like God and Heaven. In reality, humans have no
rights, just as chimps or wolves have no rights. Cut open a human, and you won’t find there any rights. The only place
where human rights exist is in the stories we invent and tell one another. Human rights may be a very attractive story, but
it is only a story.

The same mechanism is at work in politics. Like gods and human rights, nations are fictions. A mountain is something
real. You can see it, touch it, smell it. But the United States or Israel are not a physical reality. You cannot see them, touch
them or smell them. They are just stories that humans invented and then became extremely attached to.

It is the same with economic networks of cooperation. Take a dollar bill, for example. It has no value in itself. You cannot
eat it, drink it or wear it. But now come along some master storytellers like the Chair of the Federal Reserve and the
President of the United States, and convince us to believe that this green piece of paper is worth five bananas. As long as
millions of people believe this story, that green piece of paper really is worth five bananas. I can now go to the
supermarket, hand a worthless piece of paper to a complete stranger whom I have never met before, and get real
bananas in return. Try doing that with a chimpanzee.

Indeed, money is probably the most successful fiction ever invented by humans. Not all people believe in God, or in
human rights, or in the United States of America. But everybody believes in money, and everybody believes in the dollar
bill. Even Osama bin Laden. He hated American religion, American politics and American culture — but he was quite fond
of American dollars. He had no objection to that story.

To conclude, whereas all other animals live in an objective world of rivers, trees and lions, we humans live in dual world.
Yes, there are rivers, trees and lions in our world. But on top of that objective reality, we have constructed a second layer
of make-believe reality, comprising fictional entities such as the European Union, God, the dollar and human rights.

And as time passes, these fictional entities have become ever more powerful, so that today they are the most powerful
forces in the world. The very survival of trees, rivers and animals now depends on the wishes and decisions of fictional
entities such as the United States and the World Bank — entities that exist only in our own imagination.

ATTACHMENT #2
Guide questions: Write your answer below.
1. How would you define a beautiful life?

2. What are the things that you do not want to forget? Why?
ATTACHMENT #3
Essay. Apply what you have learned on the class. Limit you answer into 3 sentences only.

FORMS OF SOCIETY
PERIOD How people live? Common Ideologies during that time

1. MEDIEVAL (500 - 1500)

2. MODERN (1500 - 1800)

3. GLOBAL AND
TECHNOLOGICAL
INNOVATION
(1800 - PRESENT)

ATTACHMENT #4
Essay. Put the lesson by explaining the following statements and give concrete example.
Limit your answer into 3 sentence3 only.

1. The relationship of individuals and societies

2. Human relations are transformed by social systems

Table comletion. Complete the table below. Write a specific beahavior in the left side while how our individual behavior
reflects the social standard.

INDIVIDUAL’S BEHAVIOR SOCIETAL NORMS

ATTACHMENT #5.
Comical Skit. Sample:

https://www.weeklystorybook.com/.a/6a0105369e6edf970b01bb09bc1edc970d-800wi

Formulated by:

Ramon S. Vencio Jr.