ASSESSMENT OF THE COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT IN THE EMERGENCY

RESPONSE OPERATION OF MDRRMO TAGOLOAN

A Research Proposal

Presented to the

Faculty of the College of Criminal Justice & Public Safety

Tagoloan Community College

Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree Bachelor of Science in Criminology

Cedrick A. Rañesis
Jhon C. Manseguiao
Joshua Jacobo
Reycar Espejo
Mylene Yangwas
Imarie Demiar
Alwin A. Badajos Jr.
Salem Jay Postrano
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES PAGE NO.

Title Page i

Table of Contents ii

List of Tables iii

List of Figures iv

CHAPTER

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND…………………………………………… i

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………...i

Theoretical Framework………………………………………………………………........4

Conceptual Framework………………………………………………………………........6

Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………………….6

Schematic Diagram………………………………………………………………………..7

Statement of Hypothesis…………………………………………………………………..7

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………….…8

Scope and Limitations

………………………………………………………………….….8

Operational Definition of Teams………………………………………………………….8

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Setting………………………………………………………………………..….10

Local Setting…………………………………………………………………………,,…11
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………………………………………………………. iv

Research Design……………………………………………………………………….…16

Research Locale………………………………………………………………………….17

Research Population and Sample………………………………………………………...17

Research Instrument……………………………………………………………………...19

Ethical Standards………………………………………………………………………...20

Data Gathering Procedure………………………………………………………………. 20

Scoring Procedure………………………………………………………………………..21

Statistical Treatment of Data…………………...…………………………………….….22

Reference …………………………………………………………………………….….23
 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Natural disasters and emergencies pose persistent threats to communities, necessitating effective

disaster risk reduction and management strategies. In this dynamic landscape, the role of the Municipal

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (MDRRMO) emerges as pivotal, serving as the

frontline guardians of community safety and resilience. Central to this mandate is the integration of robust

community engagement strategies within the emergency operations framework. (Municipal Disaster Risk

Reduction and Management 2018)

The imperative of community engagement in the context of emergency operations cannot be

overstated. The MDRRMO, as the linchpin of local disaster response, faces the intricate challenge of not

only mitigating the impact of disasters but also fostering a collaborative relationship with the very

communities it serves. This research embarks on an exploration of the multifaceted dimensions of

community engagement within the emergency operations of the MDRRMO, seeking to unravel the

intricacies, assess the efficacy, and propose enhancements to this critical aspect of disaster management.

Background of the Study

The municipality under study, situated Tagoloan Misami Oriental, has a history marred by Bagyong

Paeng that underscore the pressing need for a resilient disaster response system. As the guardian of

community safety, the MDRRMO shoulders the responsibility of orchestrating emergency operations,

making the active involvement of the local community imperative for success. Understanding the
historical and geographical context is essential for comprehending the unique challenges and

opportunities that characterize the community engagement landscape. Charles Woodland (2010)

Rationale for the Study

Community engagement in emergency operations represents a paradigm shift from traditional, top-down

disaster management approaches to a more inclusive and participatory model. The rationale for this study

lies in the recognition that communities are not merely recipients of aid but active agents in disaster

resilience. By actively involving the community in the emergency operations of the MDRRMO, there

exists the potential to tap into local knowledge, enhance risk perception, and foster a sense of ownership

in disaster preparedness and response initiatives.

Objectives of the Study

This research endeavors to achieve the following objectives:

Explore the current state of community engagement practices within the emergency operations of the

MDRRMO, next is to evaluate the effectiveness of existing strategies employed by the MDRRMO in

engaging the community during emergencies, to identify challenges and barriers to optimal community

engagement in emergency response and propose recommendations for enhancing community engagement

within the emergency operations of the MDRRMO. Natural catastrophes like typhoons, earthquakes, and

volcanic eruptions are common in the Philippines, as are man-made ones like fires and industrial

accidents. Thus, emergency response plays a crucial role in the nation's plan for disaster risk reduction

and management.
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The Philippine government has taken a number of steps throughout the years to strengthen its

emergency response capacities. In 2018, for example, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Council (NDRRMC) was established. In order to ensure a more effective and efficient

response to disasters, the NDRRMC has been essential in coordinating disaster response operations across

the nation. In response, the government organized the nation's response to the pandemic by creating the

Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF). To guarantee a

well-coordinated and efficient response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the IATF has been collaborating

closely with the NDRRMC (IATF 2008).

Local communities are in an ideal position to be vital in seeing threats, creating plans for

readiness, recognizing and handling crises, and executing relief efforts. Community leaders have the

ability to raise public trust, disseminate information, and identify those who are at risk, as does the

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (MDRRMC), the Bureau of Fire Protection

(BFP), and the Philippine National Police (PNP). These groups can provide community-based services to

assist vulnerable individuals as well. Responders frequently come across the following incidents: flash

floods, landslides, drownings during dry seasons, car accidents, and fires Lee Chalmers (2018).

Typhoon "Odette" devastated the Municipality of Tagoloan on December 16, 2021. At precisely

6:00 am, the Municipality of Tagoloan implemented a preemptive evacuation to low-lying areas. At

around 8:00 am, a forced evacuation was implemented. The MDRRMO Tagoloan and local agencies in

the Municipality collaborated to secure the evacuees and place them in Tagoloan Dome, one of the

evacuation centers designated by the office. Dumantig (2019)

Research Gap:

Correlating Community Engagement to Emergency Response in the MDRRMO

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While the significance of both community engagement and emergency response in disaster

management is well-recognized, there exists a notable research gap in understanding the nuanced and

dynamic interplay between these two essential components within the framework of the Municipal

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (MDRRMO). The existing body of literature, while

comprehensive in addressing individual aspects of community engagement and emergency response,

often lacks a holistic exploration of how these elements intricately influence and enhance one another in

the specific context of MDRRMO operations. Saheri Lance (2008).

Gap in Comprehensive Analysis

The available literature tends to be compartmentalized, with some studies focusing predominantly

on community engagement strategies and others on the technical aspects of emergency response.

However, there is a paucity of research that holistically examines how community engagement practices

directly correlate with the efficacy of emergency response initiatives led by the MDRRMO.

A more integrated approach is needed to uncover the symbiotic relationship between community

engagement and the success of emergency response measures. Saheri (2008)

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Theoretical Framework

This framework, developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner (2004), posits that individuals are nested

within a series of interconnected systems, ranging from the microsystem (individuals and their immediate

environment) to the macrosystem (societal and cultural influences). Applying this model to community

engagement in emergency response allows for a nuanced exploration of the multi-layered factors that

shape and influence community participation during crises.

Exosystem: Institutional and Organizational Influences

The exosystem level extends the analysis to institutional and organizational factors that impact

community engagement. This includes the role of the MDRRMO, local government, non-governmental

organizations, and other stakeholders. Examining the exosystem helps uncover the formal and informal

structures that either facilitate or hinder community participation in emergency response activities.

Institutional support, communication channels, and resource allocation all play a pivotal role at this level.

Macrosystem: Socio-Cultural and Environmental Context

At the macrosystem level, the focus shifts to broader socio-cultural and environmental influences.

Cultural beliefs, societal norms, and behaviors during emergencies. Understanding the macrosystem

provides a lens through which to analyze how cultural resilience, and environmental factors contribute to

or impede effective community engagement in the emergency response operations of the MDRRMO.

Urie Bronfenbrenner (2004).

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Conceptual Framework

Age-Centric Community Engagement for MDRRMO

Within the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (MDRRMO) community

engagement framework, age emerges as a critical determinant influencing disaster resilience. Adopting a

life course perspective, the conceptual framework acknowledges the unique needs and capacities of

individuals at various life stages. Initiatives focus on foundational education during childhood and

adolescence, active participation and skill development in young adulthood, family-centric approaches

and community networks in middle adulthood, and the utilization of wisdom and leadership from seniors

in late adulthood. Lifelong learning and intergenerational collaboration are cross-cutting themes,

recognizing the dynamic nature of community engagement over time. Tailoring strategies to diverse

cultural and environmental contexts ensures age-appropriate communication channels, fostering a

nuanced and responsive approach to community engagement across the lifespan. Urie Bronfenbrenner

(2004)

GENDER

Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (MDRRMO) community engagement,

recognizing the significance of gender is paramount for a responsive and inclusive disaster management

strategy. This conceptual framework prioritizes gender-specific considerations, empowering women in

disaster preparedness by addressing vulnerabilities, engaging men in leadership roles and skill utilization

for enhanced community resilience, and adopting inclusive approaches for non-binary individuals. Cross-

cutting themes emphasize gender-responsive practices and communication, promoting inclusivity across

all disaster initiatives. Additionally, environmental and cultural considerations underscore the importance

of adapting strategies to cultural gender norms and recognizing intersectionality for a tailored and

culturally sensitive approach. Merlyn Doof (2004)

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CIVIL STATUS

Considering civil status within the community engagement framework of the Municipal Disaster Risk

Reduction and Management Office (MDRRMO) is crucial for tailoring strategies to the diverse needs of

individuals. Recognizing that the civil status of community members may influence their vulnerability

and resilience during disasters, the MDRRMO adopts an inclusive approach. Red Cross (2008)

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

In the community engagement framework of the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Office (MDRRMO), recognizing the diverse educational attainments of individuals is

paramount for designing inclusive and accessible disaster management strategies. The MDRRMO

acknowledges that the level of education can significantly impact people's understanding of risks, their

ability to comprehend emergency information, and their capacity to participate in community resilience

efforts.

These are examples of tactical management approaches. (1992) American Red Cross. NIMS.

Plans have been developed, including components and exercises, for vital community organizations such

as emergency operations centers (EOCs). These so-called "normative" concepts are all relevant to

emergency management and give emergency managers vital theoretical foundations.

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Schematic Diagram

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Respondents Profile Performance of Emergency Response

Team in terms of

1. AGE EMERGENCY RESPONSE

2. GENDER OPERATION

3. CIVIL STATUS
1. FLASH FLOOD
4. EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

5. LENGTH OF STAY IN THE 2. DROWNING

BRGY. 3. VEHICULAR ACCIDENTS,

6. COMMUNITY
4.FIRE ACCIDENTS
ENGAGEMENT(INDICATORS

ARE EDUCATION,

PARTICIPATION, INCIDENT

REPORTING, FIRE INCIDENTS)

Figure 1. The interaction between the study's independent and dependent variables is depicted

in the schematic diagram.

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Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the level of implementation in Tagoloan, Municipal, Emergency

Response Team.

The following questions will be addressed by the study:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of;

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Years of Experience;

1.4 Educational Attainment

1.5 length of stay in the Brgy.

1.6 Community Engagement

2. What is the level of implementation of the Tagoloan Municipal, emergency response team in terms of;

1. FLASH FLOOD

2. DROWNING

3. VEHICULAR ACCIDENTS

4. FIRE ACCIDENTS

3. Is there a significant relationship between the level of community engagement and the level of

emergency response operation;

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Statement of Hypothesis

The hypothesis will guide this investigation.

Significant difference in the emergency response operation when the respondents are grouped

according to demographic profile?

Significance of the Study

The significance of this study is manifold, resonating across diverse stakeholders and offering a

comprehensive impact on the landscape of disaster risk reduction and management.

Community: This study aims about the performance for emergency response operation of

MDRRMO will help the Municipality of Tagoloan lie in its potential to enhance preparedness

and efficiency during crises. By evaluating their effectiveness, it becomes possible to identify

strengths and weaknesses, leading to targeted improvements in training, resource allocation, and

coordination. This, in turn, contributes to the overall resilience of the community, ensuring a

more effective response to emergencies and safeguarding the well-being of its residents.

Tagoloan Community College: MDRRMO within Tagoloan Community College premises is

crucial for ensuring the safety and well-being of students and staff during unexpected incidents

such as natural disasters, accidents, or security threats. Emergency response team members are

trained to act swiftly and effectively, providing immediate assistance and coordination in

emergencies. Their responsibilities may include evacuation procedures, first aid, communication
 9
management, and liaising with external emergency services. Having a well-prepared Emergency

response team enhances overall safety and helps minimize potential risks within the school

environment.

MDRRMO: This study aims to foresee, respond to, and recover from the effects of any natural

or man-made risks is what is meant to be considered disaster preparation. The administrative

authorities will always be responsible for managing disasters, but resilience depends critically on

the readiness of the affected population.

Future Researachers: This study helps the future researchers to be able to advance their

capabilities and ideas by collecting evidences by survying professionals relative to the study.

Scope and limitation

The assessment of the Community Engagement in the Emergency Response Operation

of MDRRMO Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental, would be the focus of this study. Specifically focused

on the response operation aspect within the context of the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Office (MDRRMO). The research will concentrate on analyzing and improving the

strategies, procedures, and mechanisms employed by the MDRRMO during emergency response

situations. This includes the examination of coordination protocols, communication strategies, resource

mobilization, and the overall effectiveness of the MDRRMO's response efforts. The study aims to provide

insights and recommendations for optimizing response operations, ensuring a more efficient and

coordinated approach in addressing the immediate challenges posed by disasters within the community.

Definition of Terms

The following terms and statements are operationally defined as follows:

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GENDER

A proactive and inclusive disaster management strategy must acknowledge the importance of

gender in community engagement, according to the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

Office (MDRRMO).

CIVIL STATUS

In the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office's (MDRRMO) community

participation framework, defined as being single, married, separated or divorced, widowed, in a civil

partnership or being a former civil partner in a civil partnership that has ended by death or, been

dissolved.

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Within the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office's (MDRRMO) framework

for community participation, it is critical to acknowledge that people have varying levels of education

when developing inclusive and accessible disaster management plans. The MDRRMO recognizes that

people's comprehension of hazards, their ability to process emergency information, and their willingness

to engage in community resilience initiatives can all be strongly impacted by their educational attainment.

Disaster Preparedness - This term refers to Disaster preparedness strategy typically focused on

Continuity of Operations Planning (COOP), which ensures that essential operations can continue during

an emergency situation or be resumed as quickly as possible after an emergency event.

 11

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This Chapter presents the Review Related Literature of the study on The Assessment of the

Implementation of the Emergency Response Team in Tagoloan Misamis Oriental.

Foreign Setting

The National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Organization (NDRRMO) is a

Government of the Republic of the Philippines non-government, civil sector, and private sector

organization founded by the Republic Act 10121 and handled by the Civil Defense agency under

the National Defense Department. In Western Visayas Manger of Civil Defense, local

government units have advised investing in disaster response equipment to improve their

localities preparedness and readiness (Momblan, 2019).

The primary goal for communities is to be self-reliant. Communities should aim to reduce

the likely impact from, prepare for, and be able to respond effectively to, emergency events on

their own. To encourage this, regional cooperation and coordination are paramount and form one

of the cornerstones of the Act. In addition, whole community participation is key. All sectors
 12
with an interest in civil defense emergency management will be accountable for ensuring that

their communities are aware of, and committed to, effective civil defense emergency

management (Civil Defense Emergency Management Act. 2002).

Local Setting

As stipulated in the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction Management Act of 2010, a The

locale setting of this study intricately unfolds within the diverse and dynamic landscape of

Tagoloan Misamis Oriental creating a rich tapestry of geographical, demographic, cultural,

economic, and infrastructural nuances that significantly influence the operational dynamics of

the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (MDRRMO). Geographically,

Tagoloan Misamis Oriental exhibits a varied topography, ranging from plains to hills or coastal

areas, each presenting distinct challenges and susceptibilities to a spectrum of hazards. This

geographical diversity not only necessitates a tailored disaster response but also underscores the

need for a nuanced understanding of localized risk factors.

Demographically, the community is characterized by a heterogeneous composition,

encompassing both urban and rural sectors. The socio-economic fabric is woven with varied

income levels, occupational diversities, and lifestyle patterns. This diversity extends to the

populace's resilience capacities and risk perceptions, making it imperative for the MDRRMO to

adopt an inclusive approach that caters to the specific needs of different demographic segments.

Culturally, Tagoloan Misamis Oriental is a mosaic of traditions, customs, and belief systems,

influencing community dynamics and response behaviors during emergencies. The MDRRMO's

initiatives must be culturally sensitive, acknowledging and incorporating local practices to ensure

community engagement and cooperation.

 13

The local governance structure, a key component of the locale setting, involves

collaborative efforts between the MDRRMO and municipal authorities. Understanding the

political dynamics and administrative processes is crucial for effective disaster response

coordination, resource allocation, and policy implementation. The interplay between local

governance and disaster management practices shapes the resilience of the community.

Economically, Tagoloan Misamis Oriental may be characterized by specific industries or

economic sectors that contribute significantly to its stability or vulnerability. The economic

landscape influences the availability of resources for disaster response, recovery, and

reconstruction. Identifying economic focal points and vulnerabilities informs the MDRRMO's

strategies for sustainable recovery and resilience-building.

Infrastructure-wise, the municipality hosts critical facilities such as healthcare

institutions, educational establishments, and transportation networks, all of which are pivotal in

disaster response and recovery. Assessing the resilience of these infrastructural components

during emergencies is integral to crafting effective response strategies. Finn Rachoco (2014)

In essence, the locale setting serves as a comprehensive canvas on which the MDRRMO's

response operations unfold. This intricate tapestry of geographical, demographic, cultural,

economic, and infrastructural elements necessitates a holistic understanding, guiding the

MDRRMO in formulating context-specific strategies that are responsive to the unique challenges

and strengths embedded within the local setting of Tagoloan Misamis Oriental.
 14

Disaster Preparedness

The ability to foresee, respond to, and recover from the effects of any natural or man-

made risks is what is meant to be considered disaster preparation. The administrative authorities

will always be responsible for managing disasters, but resilience depends critically on the

readiness of the affected population. Future research on catastrophe preparedness can benefit

from the insights provided by this study. A person's vulnerability and exposure to dangers, the

local frequency and severity of hazards, and geographic factors that impact the availability of

essential supplies should all be taken into account while tailoring preparation for a given

situation.

The report discusses a broad variety of indicators including an emergency supply kit, that

can help to measure individual disaster preparedness. The report explores the data availability of

these preparedness indicators for Switzerland. It highlights existing gaps in the preparedness

literature with regards to empirical evidence for the composition and effectiveness of emergency

supply kits, as well as the specific challenges of suburban contexts and suggests remedial actions

for the same (Kevin Kohler et al.,, 2020).

Disaster Preparedness provides for the key strategic actions that give importance to

activities revolving around community awareness; conduct of local drills and the development of

immediate national disaster response (Raagas, 2017).

 15
Pre-disaster actions and measures to avert or minimizing loss of life and property by

community organizing, training, planning, equipping, stockpiling, hazard mapping, insuring of

assets, and public information and education initiatives. It also entails creating or improving an

institutional policy, an overall readiness strategy, and

framework, the ability to forecast and warn, and plans outlining actions to assist populations who

are at danger.

Disaster occurs frequently around the world and is no more considered an isolated event.

Thus, disaster management has become a hot issue in urban development and human security.

However, selecting suitable measures in disaster preparedness is a complex task. Some

mitigation measures, which include making dams and updating building codes, prove ineffective

and can become a source of added vulnerability. Therefore, the importance of preparedness

cannot be ignored, and the relief distribution aspect needs to be appraised as a measure of

disaster preparedness. This study integrates disaster preparedness and response. Many

parameters cannot be known before a disaster, while relief demand is a key parameter in disaster

preparedness modeling.

A decision maker needs to identify the properties of relief demand. Seven influencing

factors of relief demand are identified. Then, a facility location model is proposed, and the model

results are analyzed. The results show that the hub-and-spoke distribution system brings higher

social benefits (Rudel, 2018).

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Hazard

Hazards are dangerous phenomena like floods, tropical storms or droughts that can cause

loss of life, damage to property and the environment, destruction of livelihoods and disruption of

services. Hazards can lead to disasters or emergencies, which require urgent action. Such

emergencies have a direct impact on food security- floods, storms, tsunamis and other hazards

destroy agricultural infrastructure and assets (FAO, 2021).

A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition that may cause loss of

life, injury or other impacts property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social and

economic disruption, or environmental damage (National Disaster Coordinating Council, 2020).

Every aspect of disaster risk management, including multi-hazard risk assessments for

prevention and mitigation, warnings and alerts, disaster response and recovery, long-term

planning, and public awareness, depend on the combination of hazard information with

exposure, vulnerability, and capacity. Although understanding of hazards and their related

impacts has evolved over recent decades, and lists of hazards are available at many levels from

many organizations, a single overview that provides a full picture of hazards to help inform the

policy infrastructure and disruption of basic services; it is a barrier to implementing a

comprehensive and inclusive approach to the development of national and local disaster risk

reduction strategies and related financing and regulatory frameworks; and it affects the capacity

to develop and use multi-hazard early warning systems effectively and forecast events in the
 17
future (Dadvar, 2020).

Doing a risk assessment to find possible emergency situations is the first stage in creating

an emergency response plan. Knowing what can occur will help you assess what resources you'll

need and create strategies and protocols to get your company ready. Your performance targets

should be aligned with the emergency plan. Life safety is always the top consideration in an

emergency. Stabilizing the event is the second priority. To contain a situation and reduce

possible harm, numerous steps can be performed. Trained personnel can save lives by doing CPR

and first aid. A small fire can be put out by trained personnel using fire extinguishers. Building

damage can be reduced, and environmental harm can be avoided, by supervising building

utilities and systems and containing minor chemical spills (Emergency Response Plan, 2021).

Training Attended

Participants become a Certified Emergency Response Team (CERT) member and able to

handle various types of emergencies and disasters. The training covers Basic Life Support Skill

such as CPR, Choking, introduction of defibrillator (AED); rescuing technique and skill such as

transporting patient, patient assessment/diagnosis of the patient; first aid treatment; airway

management; splinting; dressing and bandaging, etc.

This module will cover communication systems during disaster and evacuation

procedures, as well as forms of fire and fire extinguishers. In MDRRMO, added the firefighting

and emergency response and preparedness program module to increase the value of Emergency

Response Team members. This way, they will be better equipped to handle minor fires and
 18
major disasters, which will need them to activate the Incident Command system. (Certified

Emergency Response Training Academy, 2021).

CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter explains the research design, research site, study population, research

instrument, ethical standards, systematic approach to data collecting, and statistical tools for data

interpretation and analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The present study is concerned with Quantitative procedure, understanding the profile as

well as assessing the level of the Emergency Response Operation of MDRRMO Tagoloan,

along with their duties and responsibilities in terms of disaster prevention, disaster preparedness,

emergency response, hazard, plans, and training for preparing future disaster that is effective in

the Municipality. For this reason, the descriptive correlational and evaluation type of study was

used in assessing the implementation of the Emergency Response Team in Tagoloan Misamis

Oriental.

Both quantitative and descriptive research are used in this study. This methodology

comprises the collection, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data in order to evaluate the

Emergency Response Team's implementation in the Municipality of Tagoloan, Misamis

Oriental. By creating models and hypotheses, this quantitative data collection attempted to

consider, clarify, and predict the existence of an issue. Experiments and surveys are examples of
 19
quantitative research approaches, known as Quantitative design, survey, quantitative method, and

quantitative research (Debra Lucas-Alfieri, 2015).

RESEARCH LOCALE

This study unfolds in Tagoloan, a first-class municipality in Misamis Oriental, Philippines,

situated between Villanueva and Cagayan de Oro City. Spanning 117.73 square kilometers, or 45.46

square miles, Tagoloan is positioned southeast of Macajalar Bay and east of Cagayan de Oro. Comprising

ten barangays, including Santa Cruz, Natumolan, Baluarte, Mohon, and Santa Ana in the northern region,

the municipality faces challenges as these low-lying areas are prone to flooding. The study's locale is

significant due to its geographical vulnerability and distance from the school's premises.
 20
https://host.javanielsen.dk/category/misamis-oriental/tagoloan/

RESEARCH POPULATION AND SAMPLE

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the community engagement in the emergency response operation
of MDRRMO Tagoloan. The selected barangays in the Municipality of Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental,
served as the study's respondents. The method of stratified sampling was used to select the participants;
1. Barangay Baluarte
2. Barangay Casinglot
3. Barangay Gracia
4. Barangay Rosario
5. Barangayn Natumolan

The "Slovin's Equation." This formula is used to estimate the sample size required for a population of a
known size, to calculate the sample size (n) using Slovin's formula and you have a population size (N)
and a desired margin of error (e), you can use the formula.

1. Barangay Baluarte - have a population size (N) of 9,306 According to Phil Atlas Philippines 2023
Rounded to the nearest whole number, the sample size would be 99 for a population of 9306 with a
margin of error of 10% according to Slovin's formula.
 21

Barangay Casinglot - have a population size (N) of 8,588 According to Phil Atlas Philippines 2023
Rounded to the nearest whole number, the sample size would be 99 for a population of 8,588 with a
margin of error of 10% according to Slovin's formula.

Barangay Gracia - have a population size (N) of 1,847 According to Phil Atlas Philippines 2023
Rounded to the nearest whole number, the sample size would be 95 for a population of 1,847 with a
margin of error of 10% according to Slovin's formula.
 22

Barangay Rosario - have a population size (N) of 871 According to Phil Atlas Philippines 2023
Rounded to the nearest whole number, the sample size would be 89 for a population of 871 with a margin
of error of 10% according to Slovin's formula.

Barangayn Natumolan - have a population size (N) of 7,674 According to Phil Atlas Philippines 2023
Rounded to the nearest whole number, the sample size would be 99 for a population of 7,674 with a
margin of error of 10% according to Slovin's formula.
 23

This formula helps researchers estimate an appropriate sample size to ensure their study results

are statistically significant and representative of the broader population.

It's crucial to note that while Slovin's Formula is widely used, it assumes a simple random sampling

technique, and the desired margin of error should be determined based on the precision level required for

your study.

Additionally, other factors such as the study's design, research objectives, and resources available

may influence the final determination of the sample size. Always consider the specific requirements and

characteristics of your research when using any sample size formula. Calculating the number of

respondents needed in a survey using our free sample size slovin’s calculator. The calculator shows you

the amount of respondents you need;

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
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A modified questionnaire instrument will be used by the researchers to collect data for

the study from the respondents. The instrument will be obtained from the Municipal Disaster

Risk Reduction Management Office ( MDRRMO) and referenced in a research journal article

titled Disaster Risk Reduction Management among Urban Barangay in Nasipit, Agusan del

Norte by Bada, et al. (2018) and The Effectiveness of the Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management in the Municipality of Carmen, Agusan del Norte by Abacahin, et al., (2018).

There are two parts to the instrument that will be used with the study participants. The

respondent's profile, including age, gender, years of experience, educational attainment, training

attended, and length of residency, will be gathered in the first section of the instrument.

The Assessment of the Community Engagement in the Emergency Response Operation

of MDRRMO Tagoloan, which covers hazard mitigation, emergency response, and disaster

preparedness, was determined in the second section. The effectiveness measure put in place as

well as the respondent profiles will be assessed by the survey.

Ethical Standards

After each respondent signs informed consent, confirming a desire to provide answers to the

submitted questionnaire and verifying respondents' anonymity throughout the study, the

questionnaire will be delivered related to MDRRMO.

The study will be conducted ethically by distributing questionnaires to respondents with

attached informed consent written by the researcher. Researchers' responses to questionnaire

 25
respondents' responses. To preserve the participant's identity, only the researcher has access to

the participant's branch. In compliance with the 2012 Privacy Security Act, all information

obtained from respondents was kept completely confidential.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will prepare a letter to the officials of the selected Tagoloan Barangays in

Misamis Oriental, as well as the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office. The

researchers received the information needed for the study once the letters were approved.

Following that, the researchers would perform the study in the Barangays with the permission of

Barangay officials. The researchers will generate research questions by distributing

questionnaires to respondents. The information will be acquired using survey questions. The

researchers will retrieve, tabulate, and evaluate the questionnaires.

SCORING PROCEDURE

If the Likert scale doesn't include a neutral option (which is often referred to as a forced choice Likert
 26
scale), the scoring procedure remains similar, but there's no neutral response to consider. Let's assume the

options are:

● Strongly Disagree = 1
● Disagree = 2
● Agree = 3
● Strongly Agree = 4

Example Responses:
Suppose a respondent answered four questions without a neutral option:
● Q1: Agree (3)
● Q2: Disagree (2)
● Q3: Strongly Agree (4)
● Q4: Strongly Disagree (1)

Calculation:
● Total Score = Sum of individual scores for each question
● Q1: 3
● Q2: 2
● Q3: 4
● Q4: 1
Total Score = 3 + 2 + 4 + 1 = 10

Interpretation:
In this case, the total score for this respondent is 10 out of a possible maximum score of 16 (4 questions x
maximum score of 4).
To convert this total score to a percentage:
● Maximum Possible Score = 16
● Percentage Score = (Total Score / Maximum Possible Score) * 100
● Percentage Score = (10 / 16) * 100 ≈ 62.5%
So, without a neutral option, the respondent's overall alignment or agreement with the statements or
questions in the survey is approximately 62.5%.

SCALE DESCRIPTIVE EQUIVALENT VERVAL DESCRIPTION

4 Strongly Agree If the statement is highly (100%)

implemented by the MDRRMO

3 Agree If the statement is moderately

 27
(75%) implemented by the
MDRRMO

2 Disagree If the statement is slightly (75%)

implemented by the MDRRMO

1 Strongly disagree If the statement is not

implemented by the MDRRMO

Statistical Treatment of data

The researchers will be using statistical tools in analyzing and interpreting the gathered data.

Percentage and Frequency- It will answer the problems in computing the frequency and

percentage of the profile of the respondents.

Weighted Mean - It will answer the problem on the level of the Assessment of the Community

Engagement in the Emergency response operation of MDRRMO Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental.

Pearson Product Moment Correlation - It will answer problems in determining the significant

relationship between the respondent's profile and their assessments toward the emergency

response team.
 28

NAME: AGE:
GENDER: MALE_____ FEMALE ____________ STATUS:
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: RELIGION:
YEARS OF EXPERIENCE:

This questionnaire is designed to evaluate your feedback on disaster preparedness and response.
Please answer the questions carefully. The reliability of your results of the study is important.

4=STRONGLY AGREE 3=AGREE 2=DISAGREE 1=STRONGLY DISAGREE

i. ) Disaster Preparedness 4 3 2 1

2. I am aware of what the potential risks in my community

are (e.g. earthquake, floods, terror, etc.)

(Nahibal-an ko kung unsa ang mga potensyal nga peligro sa akong komunidad mao ang
(e.g. linog, baha, kalisang, etc.)

1 .I am familiar with the local emergency response system

for disasters.

(Pamilyar ko sa lokal nga sistema sa pagtubag sa emerhensya alang sa mga katalagman)

3. In case of a disaster situation I think that there is sufficient support from local officials
on the county, region or governments level.
 29
(Sa kaso sa sitwasyon sa kalamidad sa akong hunahuna adunay igong suporta gikan sa
lokal nga mga opisyal sa lebel sa lalawigan, rehiyon o gobyerno).

4. I have a list of contacts in the medical or health

community in which I practice I know referral contacts in
case of a disaster situation (for example, health
department).

(Duna koy listahan sa mga kontak sa medikal o panglawas, komunidad diin ako
nagpraktis Nakaila ako sa mga kontak sa referral kaso sa sitwasyon sa kalamidad
(pananglitan, panglawas departamento)

5.I know who to contact (chain of command) in disaster

situations in my community.

(Nahibal-an ko kung kinsa ang kontakon (chain of command) sa katalagman

mga sitwasyon sa akong komunidad)

ii.) Emergency Management 4 3 2 1

1.The communication channels during emergencies are clear and easily accessible.

(Ang mga agianan sa komunikasyon panahon sa mga emerhensya klaro ug dali nga ma-
access)

2.The information provided during emergency situations is timely and accurate.

(Ang impormasyon nga gihatag sa panahon sa emerhensya nga mga sitwasyon tukma sa
panahon ug tukma.)

3.My workplace/community conducts regular emergency drills and training sessions.

(Ang akong trabahoan/komunidad nagpahigayon ug regular nga emergency drills ug mga

sesyon sa pagbansay)

4.I feel adequately prepared to handle emergency situations.

(Gibati nako nga igo nga andam sa pagdumala sa mga emerhensya nga sitwasyon)
 30
5.There are enough emergency supplies and resources available in my
workplace/community.

(Adunay igo nga emergency nga mga suplay ug kahinguhaan nga anaa sa akong
trabahoan/komunidad)

iii) Hazard 4 3 2 1

1.I believe my area is at risk of [specific hazard, e.g., floods, earthquakes, wildfires].

(Nagtuo ko nga ang akong lugar nameligro sa [piho nga peligro, pananglitan, baha, linog,
sunog].)

2.I am aware of the potential dangers associated with living in this area.

(Nasayod ako sa posibleng mga kapeligrohan nga nalangkit sa pagpuyo niining dapita.)

3.I trust that the local authorities would respond effectively in the event of [specific
hazard].

(Misalig ko nga epektibong motubag ang lokal nga mga awtoridad kung adunay [piho
nga peligro])

4. I am well-informed about the actions to take in case of a [specific hazard].

(Ako nahibalo pag-ayo mahitungod sa mga aksyon nga himoon sa kaso sa usa ka [piho
nga peligro].)

5. Local authorities effectively communicate about the risks of [specific hazard].

(Ang lokal nga mga awtoridad epektibong nakigsulti bahin sa mga risgo sa [piho nga
peligro].)
 31

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 35
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Book Source

De Guzman, F. & Suarez, D. (2016) ERT RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction. Quezon City: Vibal Group Inc.