Project Report

(Submitted for the Degree of B. Com Honours in Accounting &Finance under the
University of Calcutta)

Title of the Project

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Submitted by

Name of the Candidate: ANSH KEJRIWAL

Registration No.: 017-1111-1624-21

CU Roll No.: 211017-21-0579

Name of the College: THE BHAWANIPUR EDUCATION SOCIETY COLLEGE

College UID: 0101210524

Supervised by

Name of the Supervisor:

Name of the College: THE BHAWANIPUR EDUCATION SOCIETY COLLEGE

Month &Year of Submission

May, 2024
Annexure -IA

Supervisor`s Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. ANSH KEJRIWAL a student of B. Com Honours in Accounting &
Finance of The Bhawanipur Education Society College under the University of Calcutta has
worked under the supervision and guidance for his Project Work and prepared a Project
Report with the title ‘CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY’ which he is submitting, is
his genuine and original work to the best of my knowledge.

Signature:

Name: Prof.

Designation: Professor

Name of the College: The Bhawanipur

Education Society College

Place: Kolkata

Date: May, 2024

Annexure-IB

Student`s Declaration
I hereby declare that the Project Work with the title ‘CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY’ submitted by me for the partial fulfilment of the degree of B. Com
Honours in Accounting & Finance under the University of Calcutta is my original work and
has not been submitted earlier to any other University / Institution for the fulfilment of the
requirement for any course of study.

I also declare that no chapter of this manuscript in whole or in part has been incorporated in
this report from any earlier work done by others or by me. However, extracts of any literature
which has been used for this report has been duly acknowledged providing details of such
literature in the references.

Signature:

Name: ANSH KEJRIWAL

Address:

Registration No: 017-1111-1624-21

Place: Kolkata

Date: May, 2024

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I extend my heartfelt gratitude to The Bhawanipur Education Society College for affording
me the invaluable opportunity to undertake this research project as an integral part of our
study curriculum.

I am deeply appreciative of the guidance and support extended to me by my project guide,

Prof. ____________ His dedicated mentorship, insightful feedback, and unwavering
assistance have been instrumental in shaping this project.

Furthermore, I am grateful to my friends who generously contributed their time and expertise
whenever I sought assistance. Their collaboration has greatly enriched the quality and
presentation of this project. Lastly, I express my profound appreciation to my parents for their
unwavering support and encouragement throughout this endeavour. Their belief in me has
been a constant source of motivation and inspiration.
 TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTERS PARTICULARS PAGE NO.

1 Introduction 1-8
1.1 Background of the Study 1-4
1.2 Literature review 5
1.3 Research Methodology 6
1.4 Objective of study 7
1.5 Limitations of the study 8
2 Conceptual Framework 9-18
2.1 Concept and theories 9-12
2.2 Advantages & Disadvantages 13-14
2.3 Classification of 15-16
2.4 National and International Scenario 17-18
3 Presentation, Analysis & Findings 19-30
3.1 Presentation of Data 19-21
3.2 Analysis and Findings 22-30
4 Conclusion & Recommendation 31-36
4.1 Conclusion 31
4.2 Recommendation 32
4.3 Bibliography 33
4.4 Annexure: Questionnaire 34-35
 CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

CONCEPT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

In the realm of business, corporations have historically prioritized profit-making and

increasing shareholder value. However, in the current era of globalization, there is a notable
shift towards emphasizing contributions to societal well-being and environmental
sustainability. This shift is driven by heightened media scrutiny and pressures from non-
governmental organizations, leading to growing demands from society, consumers, and
governments for organizations to adopt sustainable business practices.

This evolving corporate mindset has given rise to what is commonly known as Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR), a concept that has gained prominence since the 1970s. India
boasts a rich tradition of CSR compared to other countries. While significant efforts have
been made in recent years to raise awareness among Indian entrepreneurs about the
importance of social responsibility in their business activities, CSR in India has yet to attain
widespread recognition.

The history of CSR in India can be delineated into four distinct phases. Despite having over a
million registered companies in India, less than one percent are listed on the Indian stock
market. A noteworthy trend in corporate governance is the establishment of specialized
committees within boards of directors to oversee CSR activities. Collaborative initiatives
among groups of corporations are also on the rise, with Europe's Alliance for Corporate
Social Responsibility serving as a prominent example. This alliance, comprising
multinational corporate houses and national partner organizations, serves as a valuable
resource for enhancing CSR capabilities.

Within the societal structure, corporations or corporate houses constitute key stakeholders,
wielding significant influence through their resources and support for societal initiatives.

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Notable examples in India include Tata and Nestle, which have long championed CSR
practices even before it became a mainstream concept. These business organizations have
actively contributed to various social domains, including healthcare, education, food security,
and environmental conservation, through the implementation of diverse CSR programs.

HISTORY OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

The evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in India can be understood through
four distinct phases, each aligned with India's historical development and characterized by
different approaches towards social responsibility.

First Phase: During this period, charity and philanthropy were the primary drivers of CSR.
Influenced by culture, religion, family values, and tradition, wealthy merchants in the pre-
industrialization era shared their wealth with society through religious establishments and by
aiding during famines and epidemics. The advent of colonial rule in the 19th century saw
industrial families like Tata, Godrej, and Birla balancing economic and social considerations,
driven by a mix of selfless motives, religious beliefs, caste affiliations, and political
objectives.

Second Phase: With the independence movement gaining momentum, Mahatma Gandhi
introduced the concept of "trusteeship," urging industrialists to manage their wealth for the
benefit of the common man. Gandhi's influence pressured Indian industrialists to contribute
towards the nation's socio-economic development, leading to the establishment of trusts for
education, empowerment of women, and rural development.

Third Phase: Spanning from 1960 to 1980, this phase was characterized by the dominance
of a mixed economy and the emergence of Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs). The private
sector faced stringent regulations, leading to corporate malpractices. However, the limitations
of the public sector necessitated greater private sector involvement in socio-economic
development. Efforts were made to reconcile differences through national workshops on
CSR, emphasizing transparency, social accountability, and stakeholder dialogues, albeit with
limited success.

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Fourth Phase: Beginning in the 1980s and extending until 2015, Indian companies shifted
from traditional philanthropy towards integrating CSR into sustainable business strategies.
Economic liberalization in the 1990s fueled rapid economic growth, prompting companies to
contribute more towards social causes. Globalization further emphasized the need for
compliance with international standards, as Indian companies became significant players in
global markets, necessitating adherence to labor and environmental standards.

These phases illustrate the evolving landscape of CSR in India, shaped by historical, socio-
political, and economic factors, with each phase reflecting a progressive shift towards more
comprehensive and strategic approaches to corporate social responsibility.

1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW

1. Vishwakarma, Vijay (2019), emphasized the longstanding significance of Corporate

Social Responsibility (CSR) in his research paper. Historically, only a handful of
companies engaged in activities aimed at societal betterment, recognizing stakeholders as
integral to organizational success. This paper delves into the pivotal role of CSR in
fostering economic development within society.

2. Tiwari, Bindu and Kumar, Dr. Naveen (2018), examined the impact of Digital
Marketing on company performance. Their study sought to optimize digital resources to
enhance returns on investment, while also exploring how CSR initiatives aid in marketing
various goods and services. Utilizing secondary data, the paper underscores the role of
digitization in facilitating and promoting CSR activities, thus contributing to
sustainability and organizational goodwill.

3. The Institute of Directors, UK (2002), defines CSR as the practice of businesses and
organizations surpassing legal obligations to manage their impact on the environment and

3
 society. This encompasses interactions with employees, suppliers, customers, and
communities, along with efforts to mitigate environmental harm.

4. Goyder (2003) argues that the industrial landscape of the 20th century transcends mere
profit enrichment for shareholders. Industry is portrayed as a collaborative endeavor
involving workers, management, consumers, government, and trade unions. To sustain
this private enterprise model, Goyder contends that industry must align diverse interests
towards a common purpose, emphasizing the need for inclusive CSR practices.

1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN:

In accordance with the objectives of the research paper, a descriptive research design was
selected for the study to ensure meticulous analysis and accuracy. Secondary data sources
were predominantly utilized, obtained through a secondary survey method. This involved
gathering information from various news articles, books, and websites, which were
meticulously observed, recorded, and referenced.

SOURCES OF DATA:

In this research project, secondary data pertaining to corporate social responsibility within the
contemporary Indian economy was sourced from reputable online platforms. Complementing
these sources, information gleaned from esteemed publications like The Times further
enriched the study's depth and breadth.

DURATION OF STUDY:

The Study was carried from March 2024 to May 2024.

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DATA COLLECTION:

Secondary data was sourced from the internet to complement the study. The utilization of
various analytical tools, including tables, and diagrams, serves to elucidate the performance
of companies and the engagement of investors within the market.

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this research project are delineated as follows:

 To understand the concept of corporate social responsibility.

 To find out the scope of corporate social responsibility.
 To understand the present scenario of corporate social responsibility.
 To study the Issues and Challenges for in India.
 To know how the Tata group has fulfilled its responsibility towards all
stakeholders; and what specific activities, programs, and strategies it has set,
devised, and implemented for the same.

1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

 Due to various constraints only one firm has been studied, i.e. Tata Group
 Limited exposures to different fields restricted in collection of data to a certain extent.
 Due to large sample size is it is not possible to cover a large area to get
the exact results.
 During the surveys people were hesitant and reluctant in sharing their views and
opinions.

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 CHAPTER-2

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

2.1 CONCEPT AND THEORIES OF THE TOPIC

TYPES OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

There are four major types of CSR:

Environmental CSR: This facet encompasses a company’s efforts to reduce its impact on
the environment such as ending investment in fossil fuels. Other examples of the
environmental benefits of CSR include:
 Clean water initiatives
 Pollution clean-up
 Reducing waste

Ethical CSR: Ethical considerations involve actions taken by a company to ensure fairness in its
business practices. For instance, refusing to procure materials produced by child labor is an example
of ethical CSR.

Philanthropic CSR: Philanthropy involves a company's efforts to give back to society through
charitable donations, fundraising events, and similar initiatives. Organizing a fundraiser for a
charitable cause is an example of philanthropic CSR.

6
Economic CSR: This type of CSR pertains to financial sacrifices made by a company to uphold
principles such as fair wages and sustainable business practices. Executives who allocate a portion of
their salary to profit-sharing schemes exemplify economic CSR.

2.3 CLASSIFICATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Responsibility towards Organizational Growth:

Every corporate entity has a responsibility to drive business growth, expansion, and stability
to generate profits. Enhancing organizational efficiency is essential for achieving both social
and economic objectives.

Responsibility towards Employees:

Employees constitute the backbone of any organization. It is imperative for businesses to
fulfill several responsibilities towards their employees, including:

 Ensuring timely payment of salaries.

 Providing a hygienic working environment.
 Demonstrating fair and impartial behavior.
 Offering healthcare benefits, such as yoga sessions.
 Organizing recreational activities.
 Encouraging employee participation in managerial decision-making processes.
 Responsibility towards Shareholders:
 Corporate entities have a duty to protect shareholders' investments and strive to
deliver reasonable returns on their investment.

Responsibility towards the State:

Businesses must comply with income tax laws, ensuring transparency in financial reporting,
including profit and loss accounts, and balance sheets. The state is entitled to a portion of the
profits generated by the company as per taxation regulations.

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Responsibility towards Consumers:
Maintaining high-quality standards at affordable prices is crucial for companies. Businesses
should refrain from engaging in malpractices such as hoarding and black marketing,
prioritizing consumer satisfaction and fair trade practices.

Responsibility towards the Environment:

Organizations bear a responsibility to contribute to environmental protection efforts. This
includes producing eco-friendly products and implementing effective waste management
practices to minimize industrial pollution and environmental degradation.

2.2 BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF CORPORATE SOCIAL

RESPONSIBILITY

BENEFITS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

1. Enhanced Reputation and Brand Image: Implementing CSR initiatives can significantly
boost a company’s reputation and brand image. Companies known for their ethical practices
and contributions to societal welfare often enjoy greater customer loyalty and positive public
perception. This enhanced image can differentiate the company from competitors and serve
as a powerful marketing tool.

2. Increased Customer Loyalty and Trust: Consumers are increasingly drawn to businesses
that demonstrate social responsibility. Companies that engage in CSR can foster deeper
connections with their customers, leading to increased loyalty and trust. This, in turn, can
result in higher customer retention rates and long-term business success.

3. Employee Engagement and Satisfaction: CSR initiatives can improve employee morale,
job satisfaction, and loyalty. When employees see that their company is committed to ethical
practices and social causes, they are more likely to feel proud of their workplace and
motivated to contribute to its success. This can reduce turnover rates and attract top talent.

4. Risk Management and Reduced Regulatory Scrutiny: Proactively addressing social and
environmental issues can help companies mitigate risks associated with legal non-compliance

8
and negative publicity. By adhering to CSR principles, businesses can often avoid costly
fines and legal battles, while also benefiting from a more favorable regulatory environment.

5. Financial Performance and Investor Attraction: CSR can positively impact a

company’s financial performance. Sustainable practices often lead to cost savings through
improved efficiency and waste reduction. Moreover, socially responsible companies are
increasingly attracting investors who are interested in ethical investment opportunities,
potentially leading to greater capital inflows..

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF CORPORATE SOCIAL

RESPONSIBILITY

Many companies say that corporate social responsibility may be a peripheral problem for the
business and customer satisfaction more important for them. They imagine that customer
satisfaction is now only about price and repair, but they fail to means on important changes
that are happening worldwide that would blow the business out of the water. The change is
known as social responsibility which is a chance for the business.

The issues are given below:

1. High Implementation Costs: Implementing CSR initiatives can be costly, especially for
small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Developing sustainable practices, investing in
community programs, and ensuring compliance with ethical standards require significant
financial resources, which can strain a company’s budget.

2. Measuring Impact and Effectiveness: Quantifying the impact of CSR initiatives can be
challenging. Unlike financial metrics, social and environmental benefits are often difficult to
measure accurately. This makes it hard for companies to assess the effectiveness of their CSR
strategies and demonstrate tangible results to stakeholders.

3. Balancing Profit and Social Goals: Companies may struggle to balance their profit
motives with social responsibility goals. Pursuing CSR initiatives might lead to short-term
financial sacrifices, which can be difficult to justify to shareholders focused on immediate
returns. Finding a sustainable balance between economic performance and social
contributions is a persistent challenge.

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4. Risk of Greenwashing: There is a risk that companies might engage in "greenwashing,"
where they promote a false image of social responsibility without implementing genuine
sustainable practices. This can lead to public skepticism and damage the company’s
reputation if the truth comes to light.

5. Stakeholder Expectations and Pressure: Companies face pressure from various

stakeholders, including customers, employees, investors, and regulators, to meet high
standards of social responsibility. Managing these expectations can be complex, and failure to
meet them can result in reputational damage and loss of trust.

2.4 NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO OF

NATIONAL SCENARIO

In the current scenario in India, the new companies act amended in December 2012 mandates
the corporate to spend 2% of their average net profits of the last three financial years towards
CSR. This is applicable for companies with a turnover of 1000 Cr/ Profit after Tax (PAT) of
5 Cr/ or net worth of 500 cr. The new bill replaces the Companies act 1956 and emphasizes
carrying forward the agenda of Corporate Social Responsibility. On the other hand it is
mandatory for Central Public Sector Enterprises to allocate 2-3% of the PAT for the inclusive
development of a backward district. (CSR and Sustainability guidelines by Department of
Public Enterprises 2013). In which one key project has to be in CSR and the other in
Sustainability for the development of the disadvantaged and marginalized communities. Thus
the country is at the verge of beginning an interesting stakeholder relationship through
Corporate Social Responsibility programs. Which would arise into inclusive and equitable
growth and benefit the needy and the underprivileged across the country.

Indian companies are now expected to discharge their stakeholder responsibilities and
societal obligations, along with their shareholder-wealth maximisation goal. Nearly all
leading corporate in India are involved in CSR programmes in areas like education, health,
livelihood creation, skill development, and empowerment of weaker sections of the society.
Notable efforts have come from the Tata Group, Infosys, Bharti Enterprises, ITC Welcome

10
group, Indian Oil Corporation among others. India has been named among the top ten Asian
countries paying increasing importance towards CSR disclosure norms.

Although corporate India is involved in CSR activities, the central government is working on
a framework for quantifying the CSR initiatives of companies to promote them further.
Indian government has developed a system of CSR credits to attract companies towards CSR
work, similar to the system of carbon credits which are given to companies for green
initiatives. The Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) has prepared guidelines for central
public sector enterprises to take up important corporate social responsibility projects for this,
it has set up a global platform to showcase all the work done by Indian firms. Confederation
of Indian Industry (CII) and the TVS Group collaborated to form the CII-TVS Centre of
Excellence for Responsive Corporate Citizenship in 2007. It provides consultancy services
and technical assistance on social development and CSR

INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO

Corporate Social Responsibility () has become an integral part of business strategies

worldwide, driven by the principles of sustainable development encompassing economic
viability, societal impact, and environmental stewardship. While France has embraced due to
favorable government policies, the global scenario varies significantly. This research delves
into the international landscape of , examining its implementation across different continents.

North America: In the United States, operates on a voluntary basis, focusing heavily on
corporate philanthropy and individual initiatives. Companies like Microsoft implement
internal measures, such as carbon taxes, to mitigate environmental impacts. In contrast,
Canada adopts a more regulated approach, aligning with international standards to drive
practices.

Africa: Sub-Saharan Africa witnesses a nascent landscape, with limited incentives and
regulations. However, growing concerns about environmental protection and societal welfare

11
are driving the adoption of strategies. Initiatives like the and Sustainable Development
Charter in Senegal signal a shift towards more responsible business practices.

Asia: China and India showcase contrasting trajectories. While China historically prioritized
economic growth, societal demands for environmental sustainability and improved working
conditions are prompting a shift toward integration. Companies like Broad Air Conditioning
exemplify this transition by prioritizing environmental protection and ethical values.

Globally has been defined primarily on the philanthropic model till recently in the United
States. The European model is much more focused on operating the core business in a
socially responsible way, complemented by investment in communities for solid business
reasons. The Green Paper by European Union concentrates on the global nature of issues and
concerns. At present there are a variety of agreed instruments internationally such as United
Nations Global Compact, ILO, OCED, etc. At the same time, identifying common
frameworks for the global dimension of is challenging due to the diversity in domestic policy
frameworks, protection of workers and environmental regulation. In the emerging economies
of the world, companies from Poland, Slovenia, Hungary and Czech Republic in central and
eastern Europe; South Africa in Africa and the Middle East; Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Uruguay
& Argentina in Latin America; India and Malaysia in Asia are seen incorporating corporate
responsibility. The reasons have been global pressures, nascent public interest and regulatory
pressures mostly.

The global landscape of is diverse, and shaped by regional dynamics and societal
expectations. While some regions like North America demonstrate mature practices, others
are in the early stages of adoption. Understanding these variations is crucial for fostering
sustainable development and promoting responsible business conduct on a global scale.

CHAPTER-3
PRESENTATION OF DATA, ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

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3.1 PRESENTATION OF DATA

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACTIVITIES OF TATA

COMPANIES & SOCIETIES

The Tata Group has long been a pioneer in corporate social responsibility (CSR), striving to
achieve sustainable development and societal well-being through various initiatives. The
following sections outline the CSR activities of some prominent Tata companies and
societies.

1. TATA STEEL
Corporate Citizenship Initiatives

Tata Steel has embraced various frameworks for corporate citizenship, including the
Corporate Citizenship Index, Tata Business Excellence Model, and the Tata Index for
Sustainable Development. The company allocates 5-7% of its profit after tax towards diverse
CSR initiatives.

(a) Self-Help Groups (SHGs)

Tata Steel extends support to more than 500 self-help groups (SHGs) focused on poverty
alleviation, with over 200 engaged in income-generating micro-enterprises. The company's
women empowerment programs span across 700 villages. Notable initiatives include the
maternal and infant survival project, covering 42 villages in Gamharia and replicated in
Rajnagar, along with the installation of 2,600 tube wells, providing potable water to over
400,000 individuals.

(b) Support for Social Welfare Organizations

Tata Steel contributes to various social welfare organizations, including the Tata Steel Rural
Development Society, Tribal Cultural Society, Tata Steel Foundation for Family Initiatives,
National Association for the Blind, Shishu Niketan School of Hope, Centre for Hearing
Impaired Children, and Indian Red Cross Society, East Singhbhum.

(c) Healthcare Projects

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The Tata Steel Centenary Project focuses on child education, immunization, childcare,
plantation activities, AIDS awareness, and other healthcare initiatives.

(d) Economic Empowerment

A program aimed at enhancing agriculture and economic empowerment in three backward
tribal blocks in Jharkhand, Orissa, and Chhattisgarh, with a budget of ₹100 crore, targets to
benefit 40,000 tribals across 400 villages.

(e) Assistance to Government

Tata Steel collaborates with the Ministry of Railways, Impact India Foundation, and the
Government of Jharkhand to host Lifeline Expresses, serving over 50,000 individuals.
Additionally, initiatives like the National Horticulture Mission, in partnership with the
Government of Jharkhand, have benefited numerous households. Furthermore, the company
engages in renewable energy projects in collaboration with the Ministry of Non-Conventional
Energy and the Confederation of Indian Industry.

2. TATA MOTORS

(a) Pollution Control

Tata Motors has introduced Euro norm-compliant vehicles in India and invested in emission
control technology. The company has developed CNG versions of buses and cars and
established an advanced emission-testing laboratory to ensure compliance with
environmental standards.

(b) Restoring Ecological Balance

Tata Motors has undertaken extensive tree plantation initiatives, resulting in the planting of
millions of trees. Additionally, the company has directed its suppliers to use alternative
packaging materials to reduce environmental impact. In Pune, treated water conservation
efforts have been implemented, leading to the restoration of lakes and the attraction of
diverse bird species.

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(c) Employment Generation
Tata Motors promotes employment generation by encouraging employees' relatives to form
industrial cooperatives, engaging in activities such as recycling scrap wood into furniture.
The Tata Motors Grihini Social Welfare Society supports employees' women dependents
with income-generating activities, further contributing to economic empowerment.

(d) Economic Capital

In Lucknow, Tata Motors supports two societies, namely Samaj Vikas Kendra and Jan
Parivar Kalyan Santhan, which focus on rural development and healthcare, thereby enhancing
economic capital in the region.

(e) Human Capital

Tata Motors demonstrates a commitment to human capital development through various
initiatives. The company offers numerous scholarships for higher education and supports
marginalized students through the Vidyadhanam program. Furthermore, Tata Motors
upgrades Industrial Technical Institutes (ITIs) across India in collaboration with the
government in a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) to enhance vocational training and skill
development.

(f) Natural Capital

On World Environment Day, Tata Motors launched a tree plantation drive across India, the
SAARC region, Middle East, Russia, and Africa, resulting in the planting of over 100,000
saplings to preserve and enhance natural capital.

3. TATA CHEMICALS LTD (TCL)

Tata Chemicals is committed to sustainability practices and aligns its efforts with the UN
Global Compact while adhering to GRI guidelines for sustainability reporting. The company
prioritizes environmental protection through initiatives aimed at optimizing resource
utilization, exploring alternative fuel sources, and promoting reuse and recycling practices.
TCL spearheads rural development programs in Okhamandal and Babrala and has pioneered
initiatives such as the Life Line Express, which delivers healthcare services through a mobile
hospital.

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4. TATA TEA

Support for Specially-Abled People

Since the 1980s, Tata Tea has run the Srishti Welfare Centre in Munnar, Kerala, which
provides education, training, and rehabilitation for specially-abled children and young adults.
Projects under Srishti include:
 The DARE School: Offers training in academics and self-help skills.
 The DARE Strawberry Preserve Unit: Trains youngsters to make strawberry
preserves.
 Athulya: Provides vocational training in stationery and handmade paper-making.
 Aranya: Trains individuals in natural dyeing techniques.
 Tata Tea’s "Jaago Re!" campaign exemplifies their social cause marketing initiatives.

5. TITAN

Corporate Social Responsibility Philosophy

Titan's CSR philosophy centers on respecting local communities, prioritizing employee

welfare, actively engaging in societal initiatives, and championing sustainable development.
Notably, Titan demonstrates its commitment to inclusivity by employing 169 individuals with
disabilities in its Hosur workforce.

6. TISCO

Awards and Recognitions

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TISCO received the TERI Award for Corporate Social Responsibility for its corporate
citizenship and sustainability efforts. The company was also honored with the Global
Business Coalition Award for its HIV/AIDS awareness initiatives.

7. TELCO

Community Development Activities

TELCO initiated community development in Pune in 1973, focusing on social awareness,

personal and environmental hygiene, and employee family welfare. The company is also
actively involved in fighting leprosy in Jamshedpur.

8. TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICES (TCS)

Sustainability and Community Initiatives

TCS upholds Tata Group's philosophy of building sustainable businesses. Key initiatives
include:

 Corporate governance and long-term growth strategy

 HR processes and community welfare initiatives
 Adult literacy programs, including the Saakshar Bharat initiative for female literacy

9. TATA ARCHERY ACADEMY

Training and Achievements

Established in 1996, the Tata Archery Academy in Jamshedpur provides training, education,
and hostel facilities. Cadets have won medals in major championships like the Junior and
Senior World Archery Championships, Commonwealth Games, and Asian Games.

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10.TATA QUALITY MANAGEMENT SERVICES (TQMS)

Business Excellence Model

TQMS oversees the Tata Business Excellence Model (TBEM), a customized adaptation of
the Malcolm Baldrige model, focusing on leadership, strategic planning, customer focus,
measurement, human resources, process management, and business results. TBEM helps Tata
companies improve performance and efficiency through annual assessments.

11.TATA CHEMICALS SOCIETY FOR RURAL-DEVELOPMENT

(TCSRD)

Rural Development Initiatives

TCSRD, established in 1980, aims to improve the quality of life in communities around Tata
Chemicals' facilities. Key initiatives include agricultural development, animal husbandry,
watershed development, education, rural energy, women's programs, and relief work.

12.TATA RELIEF COMMITTEE

Disaster Relief Efforts

The Tata Relief Committee provides assistance during natural disasters. The committee's
efforts include building schools after the Gujarat earthquake, aiding during the Orissa floods,
and supporting Tsunami victims.

13.TATA COUNCIL FOR COMMUNITY INITIATIVES (TCCI)

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Sustainable Human+ Development

Established in 1994, TCCI aims to enhance community welfare and sustainability. The
council assists Tata companies in sustainability reporting and follows the Global Reporting
Initiative (GRI) guidelines. TCCI's Tata Index for Sustainable Human Development directs
and measures the group's community work.

3.2 PRESENTATION OF DATA ANALYSIS

ANNUAL REPORT ON CSR ACTIVITIES FOR THE FINANCIAL

YEAR 2021-22

1. A brief outline of the Company's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

policy, including overview of projects or programs proposed to be undertaken
and a reference to the web-link to the CSR policy and projects or programs:

Company's endeavour is to protect the interests of all its stakeholders and

contribute to society at large, by making a measurable and positive difference
through the four causes we support viz.:

i. Livelihood & Employability

ii. Health
iii. Education
iv. Environment

and improve the quality of life of those we serve through long term stakeholder
value creation.

The following activities have been undertaken by the Company during

the financial year 2021-22

S no. Project Details

1. Developing a The company contributed Rs. 50,00,000 to the
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comprehensive Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), a
package for public-private initiative involving Indian and
promoting healthy international academia, government bodies,
behaviours among agencies, and civil society groups. The project
vulnerable aimed to design educational modules focused
Indian adolescents on promoting healthy behaviors among
adolescents by influencing environmental and
intrapersonal factors, such as social norms,
role models, and personal beliefs.

These self-instructional modules covered

topics like general hygiene, tobacco and
alcohol awareness, and oral health hygiene. A
participatory action approach was used to
implement the modules, targeting behavior
change and behavioral interventions.

The Government of Rajasthan has appreciated

and approved the project. It is ongoing, with
completion expected by July 2022. In five
urban slum areas of Jaipur—Jhalana Slum,
Jawahar Nagar Slum, Transport Nagar Slum,
Shastri Nagar Slum, and Bhatta Basti Slum—
PHFI has implemented activities such as:

 Hand washing sessions

 Mental health awareness
 Oral health sessions

20
  Menstrual hygiene education
 Awareness sessions on the harmful
effects of tobacco and alcohol on
adolescents
 Focus group discussions
 Rallies on general hygiene, tobacco,
alcohol awareness, menstrual hygiene,
and oral health hygiene
2. Sustainable Forest First Samithi (FFS) works in Wayanad
livelihood through and Kodagu districts, focusing on land
conservation and restoration and habitat conservation in
restoration of alignment with UN SDG 15 (Life on Land).
degraded forest land With over 10 years of experience, FFS uses
s scientific techniques to restore degraded lands
over three to five years. The company
contributed Rs. 43,00,000 to support three
projects:

Project 1 and 3 (Rs. 20,00,000 and Rs.

15,00,000):

 Planting 15,591 saplings on 100 acres

of degraded land.
 Procuring 7,560 saplings for 2022.
 Procuring tools for invasive species
removal.
 Maintaining and mulching 12,000
saplings planted in 2020 and 2021.

21
 Project 2 (Rs. 8,00,000):

 Distributing smokeless cook stoves to

118 households.
 Implementing solar lighting in 80
households.
3. Rainwater Ambherpada, a backward village in Karjat
Harvesting taluka, Raigad District, faces severe water
Priherpad scarcity for 6-7 months each year, leading to
migration for labor. The Company spent Rs.
[amount] on a project to develop the village
and address water scarcity, chosen in
consultation with the Village Panchayat. The
project aims to provide a sustainable water
solution for Ambherpada and neighboring
villages.

The project includes:

Repairing and strengthening the pond's

parapet wall
Implementing loose boulder and gabion
structures for soil and water conservation
Villagers provided manual labor, and a marble
name plate was installed at the pond site to
indicate the Company's CSR initiative.
4. Rainwater harvesting Following the success of the Ambherpada
and strengthening of rainwater harvesting project, the Company
the ponds to ensure received appreciation from the Panchayat and

22
 availability of water requests from neighboring villages for similar
throughout the year projects. The Company agreed to work in
in Belachiwadi Belachiwadi and Katewadi, contributing Rs.
and Katewadi 32,54,680.

The project includes:

 Repairing and strengthening the pond's

parapet wall
 Implementing loose boulder and gabion
structures
 Recharging wells
 Erecting fencing
 Laying pipeline work
The contractor secured villagers' consent and
offered them paid work on the project. A
marble name plate was installed at the pond
sites to indicate the Company's CSR initiative.
5. Establishment of The All India Institute of Local Self-
Shikshan Governance (AIILSG) initiated the Modern
Ranjan Kendra Tribal Village project, with the Company
contributing Rs. 20,00,000. AIILSG
established Shikshan Ranjan Kendras in five
tribal villages of Karjat Taluka, Raigad
District: Tepachiwadi, Chafewadi,
Gavandwadi, Bangrawadi, and Nagewadi.

The project's objectives include:

23
  Improving access to and quality of
education for disadvantaged children
 Enhancing foundational literacy and
numeracy skills
 Building school and teacher capacities
with advanced tools
 Promoting children's health, nutrition,
mental health, and resilience
 Addressing health challenges, including
COVID-19
 Reducing children's vulnerability to
disasters, exploitation, and violence
Educational study material was distributed to
children in these villages.
6. Undertaking Prime Education Health Learning Services
preventive, (PEHL), a not-for-profit company, focuses on
promotive and helping underprivileged and differently-abled
curative children. The Company contributed Rs.
healthcare services 18,76,800 for medical services in
Ambherpada, Belachwadi, Kathewadi, and
Chafewadi villages in Karjat Taluka.

Project objectives:

 Promote health using local resources to

create a self-sufficient model with
public, private, and NGO partnerships.

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  Document partnership processes for
replication in other villages.
PEHL activities:

 Ensure 100% immunization for

pregnant mothers and children
 Promote hospital checkups and
deliveries for all pregnant mothers
 Early identification and correction of
malnutrition
 Train adolescent girls in self-
sufficiency, self-protection, and skills
 Early detection and management of
non-communicable diseases (e.g.,
hypertension, diabetes, cataract,
anemia)
 Manage communicable illnesses to
prevent spread
 Prevent childhood diarrhea and acute
respiratory infections through
community involvement
The project is ongoing and scheduled for
completion by June 2022.
7. Leslie Sawhny Leslie Sawhny Endowment (LSE), a public
Endowment Fund charitable trust, established a training center in
Devlali with a Rs. 10,00,000 contribution
from the Company. The center includes an
Electrical and IT Laboratory meeting National

25
 Skill Development Corporation (NSDC)
standards.

Key achievements:

 Conducted the first Electrician Course

for 30 candidates (26 boys, 4 girls) aged
18-25.
 Over 75% of participants achieved
distinction marks in the final assessment
by the Power Sector Skill Council
(PSSC).
 The course benefited candidates from
economically backward areas around
Devlali and Nashik.
This initiative has created a permanent asset
for skill development, empowering local
youth with technical skills, improving their
employment opportunities, and enhancing
their self-reliance.
8. Scholarships During the year, the Company contributed Rs.
8,14,500 to the Center for Excellence in
Teacher Education (CETE) at Tata Institute of
Social Sciences (TISS). This initiative aims to
improve education quality for marginalized
communities by supporting competent and
committed teachers.

26
 Contributions:

 Rs. 3,00,000 for tuition fees of 3 to 6

meritorious students.
 Rs. 1,10,000 for scholarships covering
tuition, laptops, hostel accommodation,
and course support.
 Rs. 4,04,500 for MA (Education), BEd,
and MEd students' tuition, course
materials, laptops, and data support.

Average net profit of the company as per section 135(5) : Rs. 96,85,99,723.

(a) Two percent of average net profit of the company as per section 135(5):

Rs. 1,93,71,995

(b) Surplus arising out of the CSR projects or programmes or activities of the
previous financial years: Nil

(c) Amount required to be set off for the financial year, if any: Nil

(d) Total CSR obligation for the financial year (7a + 7b-7c): Rs. 1,93,71,995

COMPOSITION OF CSR COMMITTEE

S Name of Director Designation / Number of Number of

No. (Identity of the Nature of meetings of meetings of
Chairman) Directorship CSR CSR

27
 Committee Committee
held during attended
the year during the
year
1. Mr. F.N. Subedar Non- 3 3
Independent
Non-Executive
Director
2. Mr. K.R.S. Jamwal Executive 3 3
Director

FINDINGS

 Businesses, as integral parts of society, bear a paramount responsibility to address a

diverse range of societal needs.
 Corporations equipped with substantial resources are uniquely obligated to contribute
meaningfully to societal welfare.
 The active participation of businesses in social initiatives nurtures symbiotic relationships
between society and the corporate sector, resulting in mutual benefits for all stakeholders
involved.
 Engaging in social endeavors not only boosts a company's public image and goodwill but
also plays a pivotal role in attracting customers, skilled personnel, and potential investors
to the organization.

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 CHAPTER-4
CONCLUSION

Based on the comprehensive exploration conducted in this study, it is evident that Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a significant paradigm shift within the business
landscape. The concept of CSR has garnered substantial attention across various sectors,
signifying a pivotal evolution in societal marketing strategies and business governance
principles.

In today's dynamic socio-economic milieu, it is imperative for organizations to acknowledge

that the pursuit of societal progress cannot solely rely on governmental initiatives. The
integration of CSR into business operations serves as a catalyst for fostering equitable
partnerships between civil society and corporations, thereby facilitating sustainable
development and addressing pressing social challenges.

Indeed, the essence of good corporate governance, deeply rooted in ancient Indian texts,
underscores the imperative of balancing shareholder interests with the broader stakeholder
community's needs. As India propels forward as a burgeoning economy, the coexistence of
economic growth with social equity becomes paramount. This necessitates a fundamental
shift in business mindset towards embracing CSR as a fundamental aspect of organizational
ethos.

Ideally, CSR should transcend beyond mere compliance with regulatory standards and
embody a proactive commitment towards upholding ethical principles, environmental
stewardship, and community welfare. By internalizing CSR principles, businesses can play a
pivotal role in advancing the public interest, promoting sustainable development, and
fostering harmonious relations between corporate endeavors and societal well-being.

The Tata Group stands as a beacon of exemplary CSR practices, epitomizing the ethos of
responsible business conduct. Through its multifaceted initiatives, the Tata Group has
demonstrated a steadfast commitment to enhancing societal welfare, uplifting marginalized

29
communities, and fostering inclusive growth. The visionary ethos articulated by the founder
underscores the intrinsic alignment between business success, stakeholder welfare, and
societal advancement.
In conclusion, the integration of CSR principles into corporate strategies represents a
transformative imperative for businesses in navigating contemporary socio-economic
complexities. As stewards of societal progress, businesses must embrace CSR as a moral
imperative and strategic imperative, thereby contributing meaningfully to collective
prosperity, sustainable development, and inclusive growth.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the findings outlined above, it is evident that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
initiatives offer significant benefits and are gaining prominence across industries.
Consequently, it is imperative for businesses to exercise prudence in their CSR activities and
prioritize delivering enhanced social, environmental, and economic benefits to stakeholders.

 Advocate for the integration of private-public partnerships (PPP) to enhance CSR

implementation, thereby fostering shared responsibility and resource allocation between
government and business entities.
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 Entrust the Human Resource departments, in both public and private sectors, with the
responsibility of evaluating CSR activities. This involves assessing both direct outcomes,
such as economic gains, and indirect benefits like improved employee satisfaction,
utilizing methods like staff surveys.

 Emphasize the importance of regular evaluations of CSR initiatives by businesses. This

practice aids in identifying areas for improvement and ensures alignment with
organizational objectives and societal needs.

 Promote a culture of innovation in CSR strategies, encouraging businesses to explore

novel avenues for social impact and develop innovative solutions to address prevalent
societal challenges.

 Encourage collaborations with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to leverage their

expertise and grassroots connections. Such partnerships amplify the reach and
effectiveness of CSR efforts, fostering broader community engagement and facilitating
sustainable outcomes.

BIBLOGRAPHY

https://www.indiaspend.com/
https://www.ficci.com/sectors.aspx?secid=83
https://csr.gov.in/
https://www.ficci.com/sectors.aspx?secid=83
www.tatagroup.com

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