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Stenter Machine

• A Stenter machine is an electrical machine in the textile industry

for stretching or stentering thin fabrics. For example, the Cotton
fabric shrinks width-wise & weft, and the bleaching & dyeing
process distorts the fabric as well.
• So, a stenter machine is a complete set-up in a Textile industry
that maintains chemical, heating, and mechanical operation on
fabric to ensure the predetermined dimension of the fabric
according to the client's demand.
 Functions of a
Stenter Machine
• Accordingly, we mentioned Stenter Machine as a Multipurpose Machine in the textile industry. So, it
needs to perform multiple tasks at a time. The main functions of a Stenter Machine are here,
• Stenter Machine controls the deformation of the width of the fabric.
• A Stenter Machine saves the fabric from shrinkage.
• Stenter Machine does some kind of heat setting for some specific goods like synthetic fabric, lycra
fabric, and blended fabric.
• A Stenter Machine has to be able to make a Proper finishing of chemical treatment it performed
itself.
• The machine also controls the knit of the fabric.
• The moisture remains in the proper ratio in a Stenter Machine.
• Stenter Machine controls the spirituality too.
• GSM remains in the desired ratio in this machine operation.
• Stenter Machine can dry the fabric as well.
• Stenter Machine performs some curing treatment for resin and water repellent in fabric.
 Working
Principle of Stenter
Machine
• Accordingly, a Stenter Machine in a Multipurpose operation chain, it is a compact
set up of some units. Firstly, it comes to a chemical mixing tank, that contains
chemical mixtures and varies from its use. Usually, the chemical mixing tank has
a chemical solution. The solution contains water at half of tank capacity.
Depending on the requirement, the fabric stays here five to seven minutes during
the operation. Then the operation experts check 1 meter of fabric for further
operation.
• Secondly, the mechanical operation comes to the plot and performs skewing and
bowing in the Bianco unit. Then a stretching unit helps to maintain the required
dimension afterward.
• Finally, the heat treatment unit including heating and cooling operate for finishing
purpose. Usually, the heater heats the fabric 130°C to 180°C that varies for the
fabric's origin. Then cooler unit, consists of a couple of stainless-steel rollers that
have cooled water flowing inside performs as cooler to reduce the temperature
with proper finishing. Now the Stenter Machine operation comes to an end and
the fabric is ready for the next operation.
 Parts and Function
of Stenter Machine
1.Fabric Inlet: Firstly, we need to put in the fabric for the Stenter Machining
process after the mercerizing and dying process or sometimes after
bleaching and peaching as well. The fabric enters into the chemical
treatment throughout some rollers and guiders into the fabric roll.
2.J box: J box is another popular mechanism to guide the fabric throughout
the Stenter Machine for the required operation. Generally, it's a netter
shaped stainless steel chute that has a capacity of handling enough
amount of fabric.
3.Chemical Tank: Chemical tanks contain required chemicals for proper
treatment. The chemical tank has a three-bowl padding system depending
on squeezing. The chemical changes on the required finishing on the
fabric. The finishing can be
1. Soft Finish
2. Water Repellent Finish
3. Teflon Finish
 Parts and Function of
Stenter Machine

4.Bianco: Skewing and bowing controlled unit (Bianco) operates both

skewing and bowing using the mechanical application. The unit is nothing
but a set-up for some rollers.
• Bend rollers are bowing roller and they are three in number. They can
move vertical directions. When the bowing is in a downward direction then
the rollers move upward so that they can make a balance.
• There is also some function of three rollers. That is skewing. The amount
is settled in the control panel. But here the rollers move horizontally.
• To measure the scale of bowing and skewing the modern Stenter Machine
has some sensors too. The sensor provides the data to the control panel
so that the control panel takes the initiative depending on the data
automatically or manually.
 Parts and Function of
Stenter Machine

5.Gripping Chain: After competing for chemical treatment the fabric needs
to ensure its initial dimensions indeed. So, the chain gripping mechanism
stands for this operation. Accordingly, the fabric comes from the Bianco
unit and needs to regain the dimensions.
• So there exist some wheel brushes for brushing to ensure proper gripping
in case of the Stenter gripping unit is the pin type. Or the gripper is clip
type then it grips automatically. A typical unit has ten grippers, nine spindle
rollers, and sixteen blowers. The gripper chain has two options here,
• Over Feed: Here, the width of the fabric reaches higher than the required
dimension. So, the chain width has to be lower than the fabric width.
• Under Feed: Here, the width of the fabric remains lower than the required
dimension. So, the chain width has to be higher than the fabric width.
 Parts and Function of
Stenter Machine

6.Dry Chamber: After stretching the fabric needs to heat for better
finishing. The temperature varies from the types of fabric. Such as
Teflon finish need 180°C, the soft finish needs around 130°C to
150°C. Usually, this unit contains burners to produce heat and
blowers to distribute it.
7.Cooling roller: The cooling roller is another mechanism as a part of
heat treatment. Here the Stenter Machine can have a couple of
stainless-steel rollers that contain cold water flow in it that performs
as cooler.
8.Fabric Outlet: Finally, the fabric exits from the Stenter Machine and
got rolled in the storage unit. Intact it's ready for the next step.
Machine Feature of Stenter Machine
• Padder Hardness- 60-90
• Under Feed roller to feed the fabric and setting +25 to minimum -15
• Over Feed GSM will increase and setting +80 to minimum -15
• Lycra Fabric dia can increase +2 inch
• Upper Nozzle Air pressure 60% and lower Nozzle air pressure 40%
Dwell Time

• The time need to pass the specific distance at for a running substance
is called dwell time.
• Machine Length X Time/Machine Rpm or Speed
• Say 1 Chamber Dryer box size 3 m.
• If it is 8 Chamber, 3x8 Total 24
• Time Total 60 Sec
• Machine RPM 20
• Dwell Time- 24x60/20= 72 sec