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Chapter No: 1
Chapter Name: Problem Solving Aspects

1.4 Flowcharts

Flowcharts:
 Flowchart is a graphical representation of an algorithm.
 A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm, workflow or process.
 Flowchart shows flow of the whole process which includes the data inputs, process,
decision and output generated.

Symbols Used In Flowchart

Symbol Purpose Description

Indicates the flow of logic by

Flow line
connecting symbols.

Terminal Represents the start and the end of

(Stop/Start) a flowchart.

Input/Output Used for input and output operation.

Used for arithmetic operations and

Processing
data-manipulations.

PROBLEM SOLVING USING COMPUTER & C PROGRAMMING (FYBCS) BY PROF. SARFARAZ SHAIKH 1
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Used for decision making between

Decision
two or more alternatives.

On-page
Used to join different flowline
Connector

Predefined
Represents a group of statements
Process /
performing one processing task.
Function

Advantages:

1. Flowcharts are better way of communicating the logic of system.

2. Flowcharts act as a guide for blueprint during program designed.
3. Flowcharts helps in debugging process.
4. With the help of flowcharts programs can be easily analyzed.
5. It provides better documentation.
6. Flowcharts serve as a good proper documentation.

Limitations:
1. It is difficult to draw flowchart for large and complex programs.
2. In this there is no standard to determine the amount of detail.
3. Difficult to reproduce the flowcharts.
4. It is very difficult to modify the Flowchart.

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Examples :

Q. Draw a Flowchart to calculate addition of two numbers.

Start

Read A, B

C=A+B

Print C

Stop

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Algorithm Vs Flowchart :

Flowchart Algorithm

Block by block information diagram Step by step instruction representing the

representing the data flow. process of any solution.

It is a pictorial representation of a It is step wise analysis of the work to be

process. done.

Solution is shown in graphical format. Solution is shown in non-computer

language like English.

Easy to understand as compared to It is somewhat difficult to understand.

algorithm.

Easy to show branching and looping. Difficult to show branching and looping

Flowchart for big problem is impractical Algorithm can be written for any problem

Difficult to debug errors. Easy to debug errors.

It is easy to make flowchart. It is difficult to write algorithm as

compared to flowchart.

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