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Experiment electrical motorcycle used solar energy with wireless

transfer energy method for transportation in isolated regions
To cite this article: W Widjanarka and S Sutiyatno 2020 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1517 012098

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BIS-ASE 2019 IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1517 (2020) 012098 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1517/1/012098

Experiment electrical motorcycle used solar energy with

wireless transfer energy method for transportation in isolated
regions

W Widjanarka* and S Sutiyatno

STMIK Bina Patria, Magelang, Indonesia.

*Email: wijaya_widjanarka@yahoo.co.id

Abstract. Researchers usually create Wireless Transfer Energy (WET) using FET (Field Effect
Transistor) transistor for different fields. FET-MOSFET has several advantages including its
ability to reach quite long distance and LED load. This present research was conducted using
bipolar power TC 5200 transistor. Transistor was utilized for its short distance of 2-5 cm but has
quite big power. The background of this research, initially, is wireless electrical energy transfer
through air, something that seems impossible. Researchers have attempted to discover several
innovations several innovative methods to solve the issue. This research aims to create WET, a
wireless electrical energy transfer, a process in which electricity is transmitted from one place to
another place, with long distance, without wires connecting. The media connecting are through
magnetic induction. This research is an experiment of Wireless Energy Transfer which is applied
in an electrical motorcycle. This research used experiment method. The principle of inverter was
tested on a basic circuit. The power supply utilized solar cell with 10-Watt, 20 Watt, and 50-
Watt capacities and 12 Volts of voltage. This research generated 240 milliampere output.

1. Introduction
The idea of this research is to create a prototype of solar energy electrical motorcycle along with its
electric charging station, for transportation in the left behind and isolated areas in Magelang. Backed up
with its electric charging station, which functions to recharge the power (charger) at any time required
when the power is running out. The medium of wireless energy transfer is electromagnetic field or
induction magnetic [1]. Researchers usually create Wireless Transfer Energy (WET) using FET (Field
Effect Transistor) transistor for different fields. FET-MOSFET has several advantages including its
ability to reach quite long distance and LED load.
This present research was conducted using bipolar power TC 5200 transistor. Transistor was utilized
for its short distance of 2-5 cm but has quite big power [2-5]. Exposure of sunlight is always available
at all times in abundance amount and in every place from the coasts, valleys, to mountains. It is always
available throughout the day and night [5]. Solar power generation system is made as a problem-solving
method. A renewable energy generation system, in this case is the solar power plant, is independent and
stands alone. In this research, solar cell panels will be used with 10-Watt, 20 Watt, and 50-Watt VA
capacity /12 VDC in overall. The storage batteries are wet lead batteries Pb 12 Volt/60 Ah.
The refuelling station (SPBU) of solar power electricity is functioned to charge the electricity
anytime needed when the power is out. The medium for charging uses cable or magnetic field [5]. By
doing so, the supply system of this electric motorcycle system is never interrupted even though the solar
cell panels are not exposed to sunlight due to cloudy skies or night-time. This research generated 240
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Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1
BIS-ASE 2019 IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1517 (2020) 012098 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1517/1/012098

milliampere output, from wireless transfer energy to electrical motorcycle. The process of the research
and experiment are carried out continuously.

2. Method
This research used experiment method. Here, the experiment was applied in an electrical motorcycle.
The principle of inverter was tested on a basic circuit. Usually use transistor MOSFET [2] [3] [4]. This
method employs Power Transistor, can use blow lamp active/on (blow lamp 5 watt/12 volt) [5].

Figure 1. Flow of research

3. Result and Discussion

3.1. Electric Motorcycle

Electric motorcycle is a motorbike (bicycle electric) vehicle without fossil fuel or fuel oil. The main
drive is the electric motor. The electric power is stored in the battery. This is the main concept of this
research. Its main frame is made of iron, aluminium, and plastic (polymer). The speed can reach 60 km
within one hour, but during the experiments the speed reached 30 to 40 km per hour. Specific for the
electric motorcycle, the research method employs Research and Development. This motor requires a
DC voltage to run. This motor does not use a brush (brushless) so it is often called BLDC motor
(Brushless Direct Current Motor).

3.2. Solar Cell Flux Intensity Measurement

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BIS-ASE 2019 IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1517 (2020) 012098 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1517/1/012098

The result of research done in Magelang, Central Java province, showed that the maximum light
intensity of sunlight starts from 10:00 a.m. until 3:00 p.m. After those hours, the light strength drops 0.7
times. Based on the research result, the daytime (sunlight hot) strength intensity is 66,324 lux of average
for 6 hours (10:00 a.m.—3:00 p.m.) yielding 19,88-watt -20 watt of power (for example).
In the afternoon, an average of 30,000 lux for 2 hours (from 3:00 p.m.—5:00 p.m.) producing 14.256
Watt of power. So, the comparison between the day and afternoon is 19,88 Watt: 14.256 Watt = 0.71.
The electricity charges can be used for 6 hours (5:00 p.m.—11:00 p.m.).

Figure 2. Testing with a Light meter of Flux meter.

The test was carried out with a Light meter of Flux meter. The variables measured are light strength
and the unit is lux, voltage and the unit are volt, and the current and the unit is ampere.

Figure 3. Graph of current measurement

Measurement’s graph of the amount of exposure to sunlight on the solar cell panel and the generated
electric current, in the above example used 20-watt 12 volt. The 3 cells used consisted of 10-watt VA,
20-watt VA, and 50-watt VA. Whereas the following is the measurement result done with light meter
of flux meter Lutron LX -1108 and Multi meter Digital. The variables measured were light strength (lux)
towards voltage (volt).

Figure 4. Graph of voltage measurement

Graph of measurement of the amount of exposure to sunlight on the solar cell panel and voltage
generated, the above example used 20-watt 12 volt.

3.3. Solar Energy Electrical Motorcycle System

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BIS-ASE 2019 IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1517 (2020) 012098 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1517/1/012098

Electric motorcycle made as can be seen in the following figure [5]

Figure 5. Electric motorcycle with wireless transfer energy

Table 1. The solar cell result measurement research

Power Watt VA Voltage
Variable Measurement
Solar Cell measurement
Voc (Open Circuit Voltage) 21.8 V
10-Watt Power
Isc (Short Circuit Current) 0.7 A
Voc (Open Circuit Voltage) 22.14 V
20-Watt Power
Isc (Short Circuit Current) 1.16 A

Table 2. The static and moving (running) motor electric result measurement research
Conditional Electrical I current
Conditional
Motorcycle (Ampere)
Static Full Speed 1.07
(no rotate Start to move
4.75
Electrical Motorcycle) (I surge/I jerk)
at Load 100 kg
15.55
Rotate (load flat road)
Electrical Motorcycle at load 100 kg
16.87
(steep road)

3.4. Wireless Transfer Energy System

After the trial and measurement completed, the result is as follows,

Table 3. The result measurement research

Transmitter Receiver
Resistor
No ib Ic I V Load
(Ohm)
(milliampere) (milliampere) (milliampere) (volt)
1 6000 270 270 104 4.6 Led
2 3000 120 222 19.3 4.3 Lamp 2.6 V
3 1500 40 44 20 5.59 Lamp 2.6 V
4 1500 30 460 120 1.56 Lamp 2.6 V (2 parallel)
5 750 40 440 40 7.23 Lamp 2.6 (3 serial)
6 1500 61 20 14 2.21 Lamp 5 W/12 V
7 750 160* 243* 240 6.69 Lamp 5 W/12 V
*not stable

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BIS-ASE 2019 IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1517 (2020) 012098 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1517/1/012098

Figure 6. Electrical load of 3 lamps flashlight 2.6 volt (serial), the light is on.

Figure 7. R price of 1500 Ohm, load 5 watt/ 12 volt of lamp, the light is on.

Figure 8. Electrical motorcycle used solar energy with wireless transfer energy method

4. Conclusion
Based on the results, the conclusions are as follows:
1. Realizing a model of Solar Power Charging Station, functioned to charge the electricity anytime
needed when the power is out or to recharge the power (charger). The function of this solar
power charging station is to substitute the existing SPBU of fossil fuels. The different between
the two stations is if the conventional petrol station uses the fossil fuels while
2. A prototype of solar energy motorcycle is embodied. the process of stringing up and assembling
the framework of the electric motorcycle, mechanical system, electrical system, electrical power
storage system (battery), control system, and the solar cell power generation system are
conducted in this research.
3. The medium used is magnetic induction field. The transfer of magnetic field which power is
able to penetrate solid objects and the positioning of charging is free, known as Wireless
Transfer Energy.
4. Experiment measurement completed the result is as follows:
a. Result Current Wireless Transfer Energy: 240 milliampere.
b. The Solar Cell device, in the daytime (sunlight hot) is 20 watts, producing 19,8 Watt of
power (strength intensity is 66,324 lux of average for 6 hours for 2 hours, 10:00 a.m.—
15:00 p.m.).

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BIS-ASE 2019 IOP Publishing
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1517 (2020) 012098 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1517/1/012098

c. In the afternoon is 20 watts, producing 14.256 Watt of power (strength intensity is 2 hours
30,000 lux, for 2 hours, from 3:00 p.m.—5:00 p.m.).

Acknowledgment
This research is funded by The Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education, Republic of
Indonesia in 2017-2018.

References
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[2] A. Report, “Building a Wireless Power Transmitter,” Ti Appl. Rep., no. March, 2012.
[3] I. Technologies, “Benefits of GaN e-mode HEMTs in wireless power transfer,” pp. 1–17, 2018.
[4] N. J. Grabham, C. Harden, D. Vincent, and S. P. Beeby, “A Design Study of A Wireless Power
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[5] W. W. Natasaputra and S. Sutiyatno, “Sepeda Motor Listrik Tenaga Matahari dengan Metode
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