क्षेप्यास्त्र साप्ताहिक, २३ असार, २०८१

You might also like

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 8

/fhgLlts cl:y/tf bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] pkh

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 atfpF b } o;sf] lglDt b] z sf


kf6L{sf k|jQmf k|sf08 ;Ln] g]kfnsf] cfdqmflGtsf/L, k|ultzLn, ;Rrf
/fhgLltdf b] l vPsf]
cl:y/tf bnfn ;+;bLo
Joj:yf rl/q / To;sf]
pkh 5g\ . xfn} ;Qf
;dLs/0fdf cfPsf]
km] / abnsf] ljifodf
k| l tlqmof lbF b } pgn]
ha;Dd ;+;bLo Joj:yf
/xG5 ta;Dd cl:y/tf
cfO/xg] 7f]s'jf u/] .
k|jQmf k|sf08 ;Ln]
g] k fnsf] /fhgLltdf
b]lvPsf] cl:y/tfsf] ;dfwfg g]kfnL nf]stGqjfbLnfufot ;a} bn / g]tf
jif{ !&, c+s #%, @)*! ;fn c;f/ @# ut] cfOtaf/ (July 7, 2024) d"No ?= !).– ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbjf6 dfq x'g] uDeL/ aGg' kg]{ atfP .

‘g]kfnsf] ;|ft] ;fwg sAhf ug]{ xf]8afhL rln/x]sf] 5’


sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ s f dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln]
ub} { ljZjsf ljleGg s' b [ l i6
g]kfndfly kl//x]sf] atfP .
hghfltx¿, dw]z, kxf8, dlxnf,
>lds ;d'bfo, blntx¿, pTkLl8t
ps' ; d' s ' ; sf] c;/ ;/sf/,
/fhgLlts bnx¿df kl//x]sf] 5 .
>dhLjL hgtfx¿sf] kIfdf ;a}
ldn]/ sfd ug{'k5{ .Ú
;dfhjfb cfpb}g, of] bnfn k'h F Ljfb
xf] . o;n] g]kfnnfO{ cufl8 lnb}g .
g]kfnsf] ;|f]t ;fwg sAhf ug]{ dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] g]kfndf hflt, ju{, If]q, ln+u / ;d'bfox¿ cfzf u/]sf g]tf / tLgsf 5f]/fx¿ o;}u/L, dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] g]kfndf ;dfhjfbsf] ljsNk 5}g . a?
xf]8afhL rln/x]sf] 7f]s'jf u/]sf /x]sf ;|ft] ;fwg sAhf ug]{ xf]8afhL 5g\ , oL ;a} g] k fnsf] cfhsf] e|i6frf/df ;+nUg ePsf s'/f ;'Gg g]kfndf g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb sf+u;]| / /f:jkfn] rfx]sf] ;dfhjfb s]
5g\ . ut cfO{taf/ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 rln/x]sf] atfP . pgn] g]kfnL kl/l:yltdf ;Gt'i6 5}gg\ .Ú kl//x]sf] 5 . /fhgLlt sfo{stf{ tTsflng lgsf;sf] ljsNk ePsf] xf] < Tof] klg :ki6 x'gk' 5{ .Ú
kf6L{ -PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL_ sf] !) >lds hgtfsf rfxgf cw'/} /x]sf] dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] x/]s >dhLjL oGqdf geO{ e|i6frf/ ug]{ atfpFb} ;a} sDo'lgi6x¿n] ;dfhjfbL dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] cfz
cf}F /fli6«o dxflwj]zgnfO{ ;Daf]wg atfpF b } eg] – …g] k fnsf] /fli6« o kl/jt{ g kl5 g] k fnsf] /fhgLlt lgsfodf abln/x]sf 5g\ . hgtfn] qmflGtsf] sfo{qmddf hfg' kg]{ ;'emfj u/]sf sDo'lgi6 g]tfx¿sf 5f]/fx¿
ub}{ pgn] ;f] 7f]sj' f x'g\ . dxf;lrj :jfwLgtf cfhsf] ljZjsf] w|"jLs[t oyfl:yltdf ablnPsf] eGb} g]tfx¿n] cfzf u/] s f g] t fx¿ b] z sf] lbP . pgn] sf+u; ]| / /f:jkfn] eGg] e|i6frf/ sf08df kqmfp k/]sf] ;'Gbf
ljKnj ;Ln] g] k fn k] l rnf] /fhgLlt, g]kfnsf] e"/fhgLltsf sfd ug{ g;s] To;nfO{ hgtfn] kmfNg] cy{ t Gqdf n' 6 kf6 dRrfO/x] s f u/]sf] ;dfhjfbsf] af/] klg :ki6 x'gk' g]{ cfZrfo{ d f k/] s f] atfpF b } eg] –
kl/l:yltdf /x]sf] atfpb} g]kfnsf] sf/0fn] lgs} 7"nf] bafadf 5 . xfd|f] kl/l:ylt cfpg] atfP . pgn] o:t} 5g\ . o;sf] cGTo u/L pTkLl8t, atfpFb} eg]– …clxn]sf] Joj:yfaf6 -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
/fli6«o :jfwLgtf cfhsf] ljZjsf] b]z ;'Gb/ klg 5, lgs} ;|ft] ;fwgn] g]kfn l;l4of] eGg] s'/f ;fd|fHojfbLn]
g]skfsf k|jQmf k|sf08 ;L / h;kfsf cWoIf ofbaaLr e]6jftf{
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] kl5Nnf] ;do ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ;fy} pQm
ljsl;t /fhgLlts 36gfqmdnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ /fhgLlts e]6jftf{df b]z / hgtfnfO{ jt{dfg ;+s6af6 kf/ nufpg

e]6nfO{ lta|tf lbPsf] 5 . o;}qmddf lalxaf/ laxfg ;a} qmflGtsf/L, k|ultzLn, ;Rrfnf]stGqjfbL / /fi6«jfbL
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf k|jQmf k|sf08 ;L / hgtf bn / g]tfx¿ Psh'6 eP/ g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbL
;dfhjfbL kf6L{ -h;kf_sf cWoIf pk]Gb| ofbaaLr Jojyfsf] nflu h'6\g'sf] lasNk gePsf] laifodf ;d]t
e]6jftf{ ePsf] 5 . hgtf ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo 5nkmn ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .
sfof{no afns'df/Ldf ePsf] pQm e]6jftf{df kl5Nnf] o;}u/L, pQm e]6jftf{df kl5Nnf] ;do ;dfhjfbL
;do ;/sf/L u7aGwgdf ePsf] kl/jt{g / To;n] /fli6«o df]rf{df b]lvPsf] hl6ntf / To;sf] ;dfwfgsf ;fy}
/fhgLltdf kf/]sf] ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds k|efjsf] ;dfhjfbL df]rf{nfO{ /Iff ub}{ ;sf/fTds lbzf k|bfg
w| ' j Ls[ t /fhgLlt, g] k fnsf] ;DkGg klg ePsfn] cfh ;Dk"0f{ km} n fPsf] xNnf ePsf] atfpb} ljifodf ;d]t 5nkmn ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ug]{ ljifodf ;d]t 5nkmn ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .
e"/fhgLltsf sf/0fn] lgs} 7"nf] s'tTjx¿sf] cfFvf g]kfnsf ;|f]t clxn] s f] Joj:yfaf6 ;dfhjfb pQm e]6jftf{df ;/sf/L u7aGwgdf ePsf] kl/jt{g o;}u/L, pQm e]6jftf{df b]zsf] /fli6«o /fhgLltdf
bafadf /x]sf] atfP . pgn] g]kfn ;fwg sAhf ug]{ xf]8afhL tLj| gcfpg] eGb} sf+u;
]| / /f:jkfn] rfx]sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] pkh ePsf] / b]zsf tdfd ;d:of cfPsf] hl6ntf / To;sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu b'O{ kf6L{
;'Gb/ / ;|f]t ;fwgn] k"0f{ /x]sfn] ultn] rln/x] s f] 5 . g] k fnsf ;dfhjfb s] xf] eGg] k|Zg klg u/] . ;dfwfg g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfblagf ;Dej gx'g] -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
;a}sf] cfFvf g]kfndf /x]sf] pNn]v dhb' / ls;fgx¿, hflt pgn] eg] – …hgtfdf b] l vPsf]
g]skf nlntk'/åf/f j]kQf of]4f kl/jf/sf] v]tdf >dbfg
;+;bjfbL bn ;fd|fHojfbsf v]tfnf sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
nlntk'/n] j]kQf of]4f kl/jf/sf]
lhNnf ;lrj ljsf; ;L clvn -
;dfhjfbL_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno
PsfPs g]kfndf ;Qf ;+s6sf] ;Qf /fhgLltdf /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/df /x]sf bnsf k|d'vx¿sf] ;/sf/df hfg] s'g} ;+efjgf b]lvPsf] v]tdf >dbfg u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;b:o lgud ;L, nufot lhNnfsf
cj:yf b]lvPsf] 5 . g]sf+ / Pdfn]n] jftfj/0f yk efFl8g k'us ] f] :ki6 e]nfsf] cfof]hgf u/L b]zsf] ;du| 5}g . PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL / czf]s sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] lnPsf] pTkfbgsf] g]tfx¿ dx]z ;L, cg'k ;L, /Tg ;L,
/fli6«o ;/sf/sf] gf/fsf;fy gofF 5 . To;}n] pgLx¿n] /fli6«o ;/sf/ /fhgLltsf af/]df 5nkmn rnfP/ /fO{ g]t[Tjsf] h;kf klg 9'nd"n gLlt cg'¿k v]tdf d+unaf/ wfg rGb| ;L, df]xg ;L, ;dfhjfbL 6«8]
u7gsf] h'g gf/f lbPsf 5g\, Tof] lgZsif{ lgsflnPsf] ePklg km/s kg]{ cj:yfd} /x]sf] b]lvG5 . h;kf g]kfn /f] k fO{ ul/Psf] xf] . uf] b fj/L o'lgogsf cWoIf 6]s ;L, ljBfyL{ /
cfkm}df unt 5 . pgLx¿n] ca u7g s'/f lyPg . Tof] klg gx'Fbf k|foM ;/sf/df hfg] ePsfn] hgdt kf6L{
ug]{ ;/sf/ klg o;cl3sf]h:t} s]xL lbglbg} uf]Ko a}7s ub}{ cfPsf k|dv ' ghfg] ;+efjgf /xG5 . To;}n] xfn
bnx¿aLrsf] ;+o'Qm ;/sf/ x'g]5 . tLg bnsf zLif{ g]tfx¿n] 5nkmnu/L ;/sf/df hfg] eg]sf g]sf+, Pdfn],
To;df klg bnx¿sf aLrdf …gofF ;xdltd} /fli6«o ;/sf/sf] vfsf h;kf g] k fn, nf] ; kf / /fli6« o
u7aGwgÚ aGg] lglZrt 5 . To;}u/L tof/ u/]/ gofF ;/sf/ u7gsf] tof/L hgd'lQm kf6L{dfq b]lvPsf 5g\ .
g] k fnL ;dfhn] /fhgLlts u/]sf] ePklg /fd|} x'GYof] . t/ k|d'v k|ltlglw ;efdf sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf]
las[ltsf¿kdf lng]u/]sf] …cfnf]kfnf] tLg bnn] tLglt/ tfgftfg ul//x]sf ;fdfGo ax'dt 5 . :ki6 ax'dtsf
k|0ffnLÚ klg sfod} /xg] :ki6 5 . a]nf b'O{ bn ldn]kl5 t]>f] bn tLg nflu !#* hgf ;f+;b cfjZos kg]{
To;}n] g]sf+ / Pdfn] ;lDdlnt aN8\ofª vfg k'u]sf] 5 . o:tf] xf] . sf+u|];sf] ** / Pdfn]sf] &*
;/sf/n] ;d]t gofF gf}nf] s]xL klg cj:yfdf km]/L t]>f] bn ;xdltdf dt hf]8\bf !^^ dt x'G5 . t/ b'O{
ug{g;Sg] lglZrt h:t} 5 . vf;df cfP/ g] s f+ / Pdfn] s f] ;Qf ltxfOsf nflu !*$ dtsf]
;+;b\df /x]sf / g/x]sf lqmofzLn u7aGwgdf ;xeflu x'g] s'/} x'Fb}g . cfjZostf kb{5 . !^^ af6 !*$
8f= s]zj b]jsf]6f bnx¿sf] ;j{bnLo / ;j{kIfLo Tof] ck]Iff ug'{g} unt 5 . g]sf+ / k' ¥ ofpg dfcf] j fbL s] G b| s f #@,
5nkmnsf] cfof]hgf u/]/ b]zsf] Pdfn]n] rfn]sf] sbdsf sf/0f ca /f:jkfsf @!, /fk|kfsf !$, PsLs[t
;/sf/ u7gsf] kxn ul//x]sf 5g\ . /fhgLlts Joj:yf s:tf] agfpg] / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|, /fhdf] / g]dlskf ;dfhjfbLsf !), hgtf ;dfhjfbLsf gu/kflnsf !@ df /x]sf] 7]rf]l:yt dlxnf ;+u7gsf lhNnf g]tfx¿ ;fy}
t/ gofF ;/sf/ slxn] / s;/L u7g ca s;/L cufl8 a9\g]eGg] ljifodf lakIfdf /xg] :ki6 ePsf] 5 . ;ft, h;kf g]kfnsf kfFr, hgdtsf a]kQf of]4f /fh]Gb| dfnLsf] v]tdf 3/kl/jf/ Pj :yfgLo hgtfx¿sf]
x'G5eGg] s'/fx¿ Plsg x'g ;s]sf :ki6 vfsf tof/ ul/Psf] x'g'kg]{ /fk|kfn] g]sf+ / Pdfn]sf] sbdnfO{ 5, gfpkfsf rf/, nf];kfsf rf/, wfg /f]kfO{ ul/Psf] lyof] . ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
5} g g\ . g] s f+ / Pdfn] n ] lyof] . o;cl3 …uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngÚsf] ;dy{ g u/] k lg ;/sf/df hfg] /fli6« o hgdf] r f{ , g] d lskf / g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo >d ;+ : s[ l tsf] ljsf; ug] { ,
ck|Toflzt¿kdf lg0f{o u/]/ ;/sf/ dfuug]x{ ¿n] klg cfk"mn] ;Qf k|fKt ;+efjgf sd 5 . /f:jkf cfGtl/s cfhkfsf Ps, Ps ;f+;b tyf s]xL ;b:o tyf nlntk'/ lhNnf OGrfh{ kf6L{nfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg], s[lif
9fNg] h'g sfd u/] To;n] g]kfnsf] u/]kl5 To;nfO{ lal;{P . Tof] gePklg ljjfbdf /x]sfn] ;f] kf6L{ klg tTsfn -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_ ljlkg ;L, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o hLjGt ;L, -af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
2 @)*! ;fn c;f/ @# ut] cfOtaf/
ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}

✍ ;DkfbsLo
– s= dfcf]T;] t'ª
e|i6frf/Lx¿sf] ;DklQ /fli6«os/0f u/f}+
b]zdf e|i6frf/ df}nfPsf] 5 . e|i6frf/ u/]sf 5g\, /fHonfO{ n'6s ] f Nofpg] clg vNtLdf xfNg] sfo{n] le/]sf 5g\ . of] sxfFaf6 cfof] <
x/]s If]q e|i6frf/sf] bnbndf km:b} 5g\ . ;/sf/ lg/Lx x'Fbf ;/sf/L k|fyldstf kfPsf] 5 . lghL af]l8{ª pgsf] cGo If]qdf klg nufgL ePsf]
;+;bLo Joj:yf c;kmn k|dfl0ft uPsf] 5 . b] z vf] q mf] agfP/
e|i6frf/ ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/nfO{
sd{rf/Lsf] dgf]dfgL a9\of] . ;/sf/
s]xL ug{ ;Sb}g\, xfdLn] h] ubf{klg
;~rfnsx¿sf] ;DklQ klg 5fglag
ul/g'kb{5 . dgnfUbL k};f lnP/
atfOG5 . ef6e6]gLdf pgsf] nufgL
/x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . b]z s+ufn
olta]nf ;Qf ;dLs/0fdf cfPsf] km]/abnsf sf/0f b]zsf] n'6]/ ;Lldt JolQm df]6fPsf 5g\ . x'G5 eGg] efj pgLx¿df knfPsf] pgLx¿n] ljBfyL{sf cleefjsnfO{ agfpg] cfk"m dfnfdfn ug]{ dfq 5g\,
/fhgLlt k'gM t/+lut ePsf] 5 . ;Qfsf] nflu ;+;åjfbL /fhgLlts To;}n] ca ;/sf/ …PS;gÚ df cfpg 5 . sfd gug]{ e|i6frf/ dfq ug]{ . n'6]sf 5g\ . oxfF t ;a}sf] …b]vfpg] / oxfF . /fHosf] ;DklQ bf]xg ug{ ;a}
h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L sd{rf/L, ;/sf/L hflu/ vfg] x/]ssf] rkfpg] bfFtÚ 5'66\ f5'66\ } 5 . hgf lgs} l;kfn' eP .
bn / g]tfx¿n] u/]sf]] 3[l0ft sfo{ cfd hgtf;fd" 5n{+u ePsf] sf7df8f}+df dxn 5 . ;/sf/n] b]z / hgtfsf] ;]jf eg]/ n'6g\ ] g] t f, Jofkf/L, sd{ r f/Ln]
5 . o; 36gfjf6 ;+;åjfbL /fhgLlts bn / g]tfx¿n] cfˆgf] 5fglag ubf{ …b"wsf] b"w, kfgLsf] kfgLÚ sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . g]tf / ;/sf/L e|i6frf/ u/]sf] k};f nu]/ ljb]zL
eOxN5 . h;n] e|i6frf/ u/]sf] 5, sd{ r f/Ln] e| i 6frf/ n' s fpg a}+sdf n'sfPsf 5g\ . Jofkf/Lx¿
bnut / JolQmut :jfy{sf nflu b]z / hgtfnfO{ bfpdf p;sf] ;DklQ /fli6«os/0f ug{'k5{ . kl/jf/nfO{ Jofkf/–Joj;fodf nufPsf] oxfF /fhZj 5Ng] clg ljb]zL a}s + df
nufO/x]sf] k'li6 x'G5 . ;+;åjfbL /fhgLlts bn / g]tfx¿n] p;nfO{ sf/afxL ug{k' 5{ . lxhf] p;sf] x'G5g\ . clg ToxfFaf6 sdfPsf] eg]/ nu]/ /fVg] . ef]ln cfk"mdfly cK7]/f]
bnut :jfy{ k"lt{sf nflu ;+3Lo ;+;b\nfO{ g} aGws agfpg] sfo{ k'{Vof}nL ;DklQ slt lyof] < clxn] hgtf / ;~rf/sdL{sf] cfFvfdf w'Fnf] cfof] eg] ljb]zdf uP/ ;]6n x'g]
p;sf] ;DklQ slt 5 < emf]S5g\ . k"j{k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ of]hgf klxn] g} agfP/ /fv]sf 5g\ .
lbgk|ltlbg rs{+b} uPsf] 5 . b]zdf j}b]lzs x:tIf]k, dxFuL, p;sf] 5f]/f5f]/L sxfF k9\5g\ . b]pjf cfk"m;Fu ePsf] ;DklQ >LdtLsf] b'O{ lha|]x¿n] b]z ;sfPsf 5g\ .
e|i6frf/ / clgoldttfn] ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5 eg] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf dfl;s cfDbfgL / vr{ slt 5 < xf] eG5g\ . cfkm}+ e|i6frf/ ug]{ clg cfkm}+
sfo{ 7Kk ePsf 5g\ . ;+;b\, b]zL–ljb]zL bnfn, k|ltlqmofjfbL p;sf] cfDbfgLeGbf w]/} vr{ 5 . Tolt eg] ;lsof] . t/, dfOtL;Fu e|i6frf/ ug{x' G' g eGg] . cfDbfgLeGbf
tTj / bnLo g]tfnfO{ kmfObf lng] cv8f ePsf] 5 . sfo{kflnsf, cg';f yfkf t}klg ;DklQ hf]8]sf] 5 eg] Tof]
e|i6frf/ ePsf] k'li6 eOxfNof] .
Tolt ;DklQ lbg] x}l;ot lyof] ls
lyPg\ < lbPsf] eP slxn] lbof] <
a9L vr{ x'g]lalQs} …bfndf s]xL
sfnf]Ú ePsf] a'lemG5 . ljsl;t
Gofokflnsf e|i6frf/sf] cv8f ag]sf] 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yf s} /fhgLlts bn, Jofkf/L, pBf]uL, e|i6rf/ ug]n { fO{ h]n sf]Rg] / p;sf] slt lbof] < Tolt ulx/fOdf b]zdf e|i6frf/ /f]Sg ;/sf/ ;zQm
;+3;+:yfsf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] ;DklQ ;DklQ /fli6« o s/0f ug] { lg0f{ o ;~rf/sdL{ hfFbg} \ . pgn] eg]s} e/df eP/ nfu]sf] 5 . t/, xfd|f] b]zdf
sf/0f b]z / hgtf k|tfl8t x'gs ' f ;fy} !) jif]{ hgo'4 / !( lbg] 5fglag x'g'k5{ . ;/sf/n] u/f];,\ oxfF s;}n] e|i6frf/ ;a}sf] d'v 6flnof] . sfFu;
]| sf dxfdGqL e|i6frf/Lsf gfOs]x¿ g} ;/sf/df
hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt u0ftGqsf] pkxf; ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg To;sf nflu ;/sf/n] Pp6f ug]{ cfF6 ub}{g\ . uug yfkfdfly :jf:YodGqL x'bF f w]/} 5g\ . clg s;/L ;'wf/ x'G5 <
sfuhsf] vf]:6f]df kl/0ft ePsf] 5 . Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf ;+;bV:\af6 zlQmzfnL cfof]u ug{'kg]{ b]lvPsf] pBf]uL, Jofkf/Lx¿n] /fhZj e|i6frf/ u/]sf] cf/f]k 5 . clwsf+zsf 5f]/f5f]/L cd]l/sf,
5 . Tof] cfof]un] /fhgLlts bn, 5n] s f 5g\ . Psflt/ /fHonfO{ Affv| f kfngsf] gfddf klg ci6]l« nof, Sofg8fnufotsf ljsl;t
kfl/t ePsf] 5 eg] P;kLkLkL ;Demf}tf nfu" ug{ ljleGg k|kGrx¿ e"k" tyf axfnjfnf ;/sf/L sd{rf/L, /fhZj gltg]{ csf]{lt/ ;fdfgsf] e|i6frf/ u/]sf] atfOG5 . pgnfO{ d'n's k'u]sf 5g\ . uPsf] s]xL
eO/x]sf 5g\ . ;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+;åjfbL bn / g]tfsf sf/0f Jofkf/L, pBf]uL, ;+3;+:yfsf] ;DklQ dFxuf] d"No lnP/ pkef]Qmf 7Ug] . s;}n] ;DklQsf] af/]df ;f]Wof] eg] dlxgfd} pgLx¿n] ToxfF 3/hUuf,
5fglag u5{ . ;/sf/ lgodg gug]{ pgLx¿sf] klg ;DklQ 5fglag cfdfafa'n] hf]8]sf] eG5g\ . pgsf] uf8L lsG5g\ . Tof] e|i6frf/sf] k};fn]
j}b]lzs x:tIf]kn] ;Ldf gf3]sf] 5, Pskl5 csf]{ /fi6«3ft / clg ;a} b]znfO{ n'6\g] . Pp6f x'gk' 5{ . cfk"m sdfpgsf nflu /fHo cfdf ;/sf/L sd{rf/L x'g\ . ;/sf/L lsg]sf] xf]Og\ < afa'cfdf oxfF
hg3ftL sfo{ eO/x]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/L sd{rf/Ln] 5f]/f5f]/L /fd|f] / hgtf n'6\g] clwsf/ s;};Fu klg sd{rf/Lsf] slt g} tna x'G5 < e|i6frf/ ug]{, 5f]/f5f]/L Totf nu]/
;+;bLo bn / To;sf g]tfx¿ b]z / hgtfsf] Ph]G8feGbf klg :s'ndf k9fP/, vfP/, nfP/, sf]7f 5}g\ . dfnkf]t, oftfoftnufotdf cfdfn] hflu/ vfg] a]nfdf tna slt 3/hUuf, uf8L lsGg] . ljb]zL C0f
ef8f lt/]/nufot cGo vr{ u/]/ a;]sf n]vgbf;x¿sf] klg ;DklQ lyof] < vr{ slt lyof] < a9]sf] a9\o} 5 .
s;/L ;/sf/sf cËdf cfˆgf] bn / g]tfsf] jr{Zj ;'lglZrt ug]{ 3/hUuf hf]8\g ;S5 < 5fglag x'g cfjZos 5 . vr{ s6fP/ Toqf] ;DklQ hf]8\g /fHosf] 9's6' Ldf /fhZj p7\g
eGg]df s]lGb|t ePsf 5g\ . pgLx¿ b]z / hgtfsf] kIfdf v8f lkpmgsf] hflu/ vfg]x¿n] c+st' sfg"gsf] ljifodf ;fdfGo 1fg ;Dej lyof] < oxfFaf6 klg e|i6frf/sf] 5f]l8;s]sf] 5 . ca b]z arfpg] Pp6}
ePsf /fhgLlts bn / zlQmnfO{{ d"nwf/df NofP/ b]znfO{{ ;DklQ hf]8s ] f 5g\ . of] s;/L ;Dej ePsf n]vgbf;x¿n] w]/} ;/sf/L, uGw cfPsf] 5 . yfkfn] e|i6frf/ pkfo e|i6frf/Lx¿sf] ;DklQ vf]tfnf}+ .
5 < e|i6frf/ xf]Og\ < klxn]klxn] ;fj{hlgs / u'7Lsf] hUuf lxgfldgf u/]gg\ xf]nf . t/, pgsf] cfdfn] t /fli6«os/0f u/f}+ . ToxLaf6 ljb]zL C0f
cu|udgtkm{ n}hfg'sf] ;§f bnut / JolQmut :jfy{sf] n'5fr'8F Ldf ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lsf] tna slt x'GYof] u/]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/L ;DklQ bf]xg e| i 6frf/ u/] s f] b] l vof] . k" j { klg ltl/G5, b]z klg ljsf; ul/G5 .
tlNng /x]sf 5g\ . h;sf sf/0f /fi6« / hgtfsf] Ph]G8f cf]em]ndf < Ps–8]9 ;o . 5f]/f5f]/L k9fP/, ug{df pgLx¿sf] xft 5 . dfnkf]tsf k|wfgdGqL4o s]kL zdf{ cf]nL / dfwj /fhgLlts bn, ;/sf/L
vfg lbP/, cGo vr{ u/]/ 3/hUuf sd{rf/L;Fu ldn]/ pgLx¿n] ;/sf/L, g]kfn ;a} ;DklQ >LdtLn] hf]8]sf] sd{rf/Lx¿NffO{ h;/L x'G5 e|i6frf/
k/]sf 5g\ . ;+;åjfbL bn / g]tfx¿sf] o:t} xs{tsf sf/0f hf]8\g ;Dej 5 < Tolt k};fn] t ;fj{hlgs / u'7Lsf] hUuf btf{ u5{g\ . atfpF5g\ . b'j}sf] >LdtL a}+ssf] u/]sf] ;DklQ n'sfpg] / sfg"gsf]
pgLx¿k|lt hgljZjf; lbgk|ltlbg u'Db} uPsf] 5 . o; 36gfn] dfl;s 3/vr{ wfGg k'Ub}GYof] . clg a]R5g\ . sd{rf/L xf] . bfo/faf6 aRg] eGg] dfq 5 .
;+;åjfbL bn / g]tf ;Qf / ;/sf/df k'Ug h:tf];s ' } hfnem]n clg ltgn] s;/L s/f]8f}+sf] Tof] k};fn] cGoq hUuf hf]85 \ g\ . Pp6L ;/sf/L sd{rf/Ln] 3/vr{ 6fn6'n] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o /
;DklQ hf]8] < of] vf]htnf; x'gk' 5{ . n]vgbf;x¿ df]6fpg'sf] k|dv ' sf/0f wfg]/, 5f]/f5f]/L k9fP/ Toqf] ;DklQ pvfg6'Ssfn] slxn];Dd b]z rN5
u5{g,\ pgLx¿nfO{{ cfk"m / cfˆgf] bnafx]s /fi6« / hgtfsf] s'g} ;/sf/L ;]jfdf l5/]sf] Psfw jif{d} g} oxL xf] . csf]l{ t/ a}s
+ tyf ljlQo hf]8\g ;S5 < of] ;~rf/sdL{ / < b]z eF8vfnf]df k'lu;Sof] . o:tf
lrGtf / rf;f] /xFbg} eGg] cfdhgtf;fd' 5n{Ë ePsf] 5 . oL ;a} 3/ agfpF5g\ . ;/sf/L ;]jf k};fsf] ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx¿sf] klg ;DklQ hgtfnfO{ e'mSsfPsf] xf]Og\ < jt{dfg g]tf sd{rf/Laf6 hgtfn] s] cfz
af]6 t xf]Og\ . t/, sd{rf/Ln] ;/sf/L 5fglag ul/g'k5{ . ;Lwf;fwLnfO{ k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Ú ug] { < /fhgLlts bnx¿ ;a}
36gfn] ;/sf/, ;+;åjfbL bn / g]tf dfq geO{ ;du| ;+;bLo ;]jfn] k};f kmNg] af]6 g} agfPsf km;fP/ pgLx¿n] hf]8g\ ;Dd ;DklQ cfˆgf] 3/ gePsf] atfpF 5 g\ . bnfnL x'g\ . logLx¿af6 ljsf;
Joj:yf g} c;kmn ePsf]] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . 5g\ . ;/sf/L ;]jfdf l5g{'sf] p2]Zo hf]8s ] f 5g\ . Pglhcf]–cfOPglhcf]sf lrtjgdf ePsf] k'Vof{n } L ;DklQdf 3/ klg x'Fb}g\, b]zsf] cy{tGq klg
t;y{M ;+;bjfbL bn / g]tfx¿sf] ;Qf s]lGb|t /fhgLltlj?4 g} e|i6frf/ ug{' ePsf] 5 . ;~rfnsx¿n] ul/asf] gfd a]r/] cfk"m agfPsf] pgsf] egfO 5 . ;'lw|Fb}g\ . 7"nfn] h] u/]klg sfg"g
;/sf/n] 5fglag dfq u/f];\ g sdfPsf 5g\ . pgn] sf7df8f}+df 3/ agfPgg\ gnfUg] /x]5 . oxfF t …hf] rf]/ 5,
ca cfdqmflGtsf/L, b]zeQm / k|ultzLn nf]stGqjfbL bn, g]tf / s'g} sd{rf/L rf]vf] e]l6Fbg} g\ . ;an] ul/asf] gfddf ljb]zL 8n/ xf]nfg\ . t/, xftdf &* nfvsf] 38L p;}sf] 7"nf] :j/Ú 5 .
;Dk"0f{ tx / tKsfsf a'l4hLljx¿ Psh'6 x'gk' g]{ ;do cfPsf]
5 . ha;Dd b]zdf ;+;bLo Joj:yf /xG5, ta;Dd b]z / hgtfn]
d'lQm kfpg] ;Defjgf 5}g .
To;}n] ca g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] eg]sf] h:tf] s:tf] zf;g
aLdf k|flws/0fåf/f aLdf bfaL e'QmfgL dfu{bz{g, @)*! hf/L
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn aLdf 5 . cyf{t o; If]qsf] %) xhf/ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . h;df kl/kSj e' Q mfgL ug{ ' k g] { 5 . / aLdsn]
Joj:yf / zf;g k|0ffnL b]zn] cËLsf/ ug]{ eGg] ljifosf] l5gf]kmfgf] k| f lws/0fn] aLdf bfaL e' Q mfgL ¿k} o fF ; Ddsf] bfaL e' Q mfgL !% ePsf] aLdfn]vsf] bfaL e'QmfgLsf] xsdf ljj/0fx¿ 5fgljg u/L bfloTj
dfu{bz{g, @)*! hf/L u/]sf] 5 . lbgleq ug{k' g]{ pNnv dfu{bz{gdf aLdf sDkgLn] aLdfn]v kl/kSj ePsf] lgwf{/0f ubf{ aLdf e'QmfgL ug{' gkg]{
ug]{ clwsf/ hgtfnfO{ lbg'k5{ . To;sf] nflu tTsfn ;+3Lo pQm dfu{bz{g cg';f/ ca aLdsn] /x]sf] 5 . aLdsn] bfaL e'QmfgL ldltn] !% lbgleq ;Ssn aLdfn]v tyf ePdf ;f] sf] sf/0f vf]nL To;sf]
;+;b\ la36g u/L k|ultzLn ;+oQ' m ;/sf/ u7g ug{k' 5{ / Tolx hLjg / lghL{jg tkm{sf] @ nfv;Ddsf] sfo{ljlw hf/L ug{'kg]{ 5 . /, ;f] kl/ro v'Ng] sfuhftx¿ lnO{ e'QmfgL lnlvt hjfkm lgj]bsnfO{ lbg'kg]5 { .
;/sf/sf] g]tT[ jdf zf;g Joj:yf / zf;g k|0ffnLsf laifodf bfaL e'QmfgLnfO{ ;fgf] bfaL dfGg' sfo{ljlwdf ;fgf bfaL /sd e'QmfgL lng cfpg ;"rgf hf/L ug{k' g]5 { . o;sf aLdsn] lgj]bsnfO{ hfgsf/L lbbf
kg]{5 . /, ;f] /sd ;Ddsf] bfaL ;DaGwL Joj:yf ug{k' g]{ 5 . ;fy} aLldtn] aLdf bfaL e'QmfgLsf nflu ;f] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ ga'em]df g]kfn
hgdt;+ux| ug{s ' f] ljsNk 5}g . cGoyf b]z / hgtfsf] dfq xf]Og e'QmfgL sDkgLn] bfaLsf] ljj/0f kq k|flws/0fn] hLjg / lghL{jg aLdf sfuhftx¿ k]z u/]df aLdsn] cfjZos aLdf k|flws/0fdf ph'/L ;d]t lbg
:jod\ ;+;åjfbL bn / g]tfx¿sf] eljio;d]t rf}k6 x'g] lglZrt kfPsf] hfFra'em u/L lgj]bg btf{ ePsf] & ;lsg]5 .
5, ;+;åjfbL bn / g]tfx¿sf] 3}6f]df a]nd} f 3fd nfuf];\ . lbgleq bfaL e'QmfgL lbg'kg]5 { . To:t}, o;}u/L, lghL{jg aLdfsf] bfaL
d[To' bfaL e'QmfgL ;DaGwdf aLdfn]vsf] e'QmfgLsf] nflu aLldtn] aLdsnfO{
d]l8sn sfplG;nn] :gftsf]Q/ egf{sf] z'Ns glng] cjlw ;dfKt x'g' cufj} aLldtsf] d[To'
ePdf lghn] OR5fPsf] JolQm eP /
lnlvt ¿kdf hfgsf/L u/fPdf jf
lgj]bg k|fKt ePdf aLdsn] cfjZos
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn d] l 8sn ;qb]lv sfof{Gjog ug]{ ePsf] xf] . s;}nfO{ klg OR5fPsf] geP aLdf P]gsf] hfFra'em k|f/De ug{'kg]{5 . aLdf
sfplG;nn] :gftsf]Q/ egf{sf] z'Ns :gftsf]Q/sf Pd8L, PdP;, bkmf !@& sf] pkbkmf (@) tyf (#) bfaLsf ;DaGwdf ;e]o{ / lgo'Qm ug{k' g]{
glng] ePsf] 5 . lrlsT;f lzIff Pd8LP; jf ;f] ;/xsf] txdf ljBfyL{ df plNnlvt JolQmx¿dWo] ;a}eGbf ePdf tTsfn aLldtsf] gfd 7]ufgf
glhssf] xsjfnf jf clVtof/k|fKt / bfaLsf] ljj/0f ;lxt lnlvt
JolQmn] To:tf] aLdf /sd lngsf] nflu ¿kdf ;e]{o/ lgo'Qm ug{'kg]{5 .
ljleGg ljj/0fx¿ v'nfO bfaL e'QmfgLsf] aLdsn] ;e]{o/ lgo'Qm u/]kl5
nflu lgj]bg lbg'kg]5 { . h;df bfaL ;e]o{ /sf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;Dks{ ;d]t
;DaGwL ljj/0f, aLldtsf] d[To' k|df0fkq, aLldtnfO{ kqdfkm{ t \ pknAw
b'36{ gfaf6 aLldtsf] d[To' ePsf] eP u/fpg'kg]5 { . aLdsn] ;e]o{ / lgo'Qm
aLldtsf] d[To'sf] sf/0fsf ;DaGwdf ubf{ k|flws/0faf6} ;e]o{ / Ohfhtkq
;/sf/L lrlsT;såf/f ul/Psf] zj k|fKt u/L Ohfhtkq axfn /x]sf]
kl/If0fsf] k|ltj]bg / ;f] geP k|x/L JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ dfq lgo'lQm
k|ltj]bg / aLldt;Fusf] gftf k|df0fkq ug{k' g]5
{ .
k]z ug{k' g]5
{ . ;e] { o /n] ;e] { k| l tj] b g
aLldtsf] xsjfnfn] oL vfnsf] aLds;dIf k]z u/]sf] ;fwf/0ftof
sfuhftx¿ a'emfPkZrft\ aLdsn] @! lbgleq aLdsn] bfloTj 7x/ u/L
cfjZos 5fgljg u/L / cfjZos eP aLldtnfO{ lghL{jg aLdfsf] bfaL
cGo s'/fx¿ ;d]t a'emL To:tf e'QmfgL ug{'kg]{5 . @! lbgleq
sfuhftx¿ k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] !% aLdsn] bfaL e'QmfgL ug{ g;s]df
lbgleq bfloTj lgwf{/0f u/L bfaL e'QmfgL jf ug{' gkg]{ ePdf ;f] sf] sf/0f
:gftsf] Q / k9fpg] sn] h tyf egf{ jfktsf] z'Ns glng] sfplG;nn] lng cfpgsf] nflu lgj]bgsf] gfddf ;lxtsf] hfgsf/L / ;f] lj?4 g]kfn
k| l ti7fgx¿n] ca egf{ j fkt\ hgfPsf] 5 . ljb]zL ljBfyL{sf] xsdf !% lbgleq ug{'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . t/, sDkgLsf] aLdf bfaL e'QmfgLdf 5'§f5'§} bfaL bfaL km5{o\ f}6 k"hf{ hf/L ug{k' g]5
{ . aLdf k|flws/0fdf ph'? ug{ ;lsg]
sfplG;nnfO{ z'Ns a'emfpg' gkg]{ :gftsf]Q/ jf ;f]eGbf dflysf] btf{ s[ l if, kz' k + I fL tyf hl/a' l 6 dfu{bz{g to u/]sf] 5 . hLjgaLdftkm{ pQm bfaL km5{o\ f}6 k"hf{df lgj]bsn] Joj:yfsf] af/]df ;d]t aLldtnfO{
ePsf] 5 . sfplG;nn] @)*! h]7 z'Ns …kLhL Ogf]Nd]G6Ú eg] lnOg] aLdftkm{sf] eg] %) xhf/;Ddsf] kl/kSj ePsf] aLdfn]v / d[To' bfaL ;xL5fk u/L k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] !% lnlvt hfgsf/L u/fpg' k g] {
@! ut] u/]sf] lg0f{o cfufdL z}lIfs sfplG;nn] hgfPsf] 5 . bfaLnfO{ ;fg] bfaL dfGg'kg]{ pNn]v e'QmfgLdf klg km/s–km/s dfu{bz{g lbgleq aLdf sDkgLn] aLdfsf] bfaL k|flws/0fn] hgfPsf] 5 .
@)*! ;fn c;f/ @# ut] cfOtaf/ 3

pTkfbgsf] lg0ff{os tTj >d ls k'h“ L <


pTkfbgdf lg0ff{os tTj k'h F L ls d[t >d xf] . of] /Qmlkkfz' lkrf; /x]sf] k'h F Ln] ha;Dd dfgjLo ;hLj / dxTjk"0f{ vlgh kbfy{ g]kfndf
‘pTkfbglagf b]z cfTdlge{/ aGg ;Sb}g’
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6
kf6L{sf :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o tyf
5 . cfTdlge{/ kf6L{ / cfTdlge{/
sfo{stf{sf] gLltn] ultnf] emfk8
>d eg]/ k|Zg ubf{ s}of}+nfO{ nfUg hLjLt >dnfO{ r';/] dfq afFrs ] f] x'G5 >dsf] ;xof]u kfpFbg} , ta;Dd s'g} k|z:t dfqfdf 5g\ . ;'b/" klZrd k|bz] OGrfh{ e/t ;L - lbPsf] 5 .Ú
;S5 olt klg ghfg]sf] dflg; s;/L / hlt a9L hLjLt >d To;n] klg pTkfbg ug{ ;Sb}g . ca eGg'xf];\ xfdL;Fu ePsf] >d zlQm / k|r/'
sDo'lg:6 eP xf]nfg\ < t/ ;}4flGts r':b5, Tolt a9L Tof] df]6fpFb5 .Æ k'h
F L s;/L pTkfbgsf] lg0ff{os zlQm /0fjL/_n] pTkfbgdf gnflu b]z pgn] >d / pTkfbgsf] gLltn]
dfqfdf /x]sf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx¿nfO{ cfTdlge{/ aGg g;Sg] 7f]sj' f u/]sf kf6L{ b]zdf pbfx/0fLo ag]sf] l6Kk0fL
¿kdf o;sf] pQ/ hlt ;lhnf] 5, –-k'FhL / Hofnfbf/L >d_ . pk/f]Qm aGg ;S5 < h'6fpg] / of]hgfj4 kl/rfng ug]{
Jojxfl/s ¿kdf hLjg Jojxf/df dfS;{–Pª\uN] ;sf egfO{x¿af6 s] s'/f pk/f]Qm ts{ / tYox¿ lsg /fHo ;Qf x'g] xf] eg] g]kfn !) jif{ 5g\ . z'qmaf/ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ub} { kf6L{ n ] o;nfO{ j} 1 flgs
nfu" ug{ Tolt ;lhnf] 5} g . k|i6 x'G5 eg] dfgjLo >dzlQmåf/f pNn]v ul/Psf] xf] eg] g]kfn u/La d} ljsl;t /fi6« aGg ;S5 . of] s'g} ;'b/" klZrd k|bz ] sf] s[lif pTkfbg ;dfhjfbsf] e'|0fsf ¿kdf lnPsf]
k'FhLjfbLx¿n] dfq xf]Og, cfk"mnfO{ k'FhLsf] l;h{gf ul/Psf] xf] . k'FhLsf] x' g ' s f] sf/0f k' F h L geP/ xf] . sNkgf xf]Og, jf:tljstf xf] . ljefun] cfof]hgf u/]sf] wfg /f]kfO{ lhls/ u/] . b] z sf] bnfnL /
sDo' l g:6 ePsf] bfaL ug] { hGd g} >dhLjL hgtfsf] cltl/Qm aflx/af6 k'h F L g NofP;Dd g]kfnsf] pTkfbgsf ;fwgdWo] >dsf
;+zf]wgjfbLx¿n] w]/} 7"nf] e|d l;h{gf >d ;dosf] zf]if0faf6 ePsf] xf] / ljsf; ;+ej 5}g eGg] s'/f h;/L cf}hf/x¿ klg kb{5g\ . pTkfbgdf
u/]sf 5g\ . olt dfq xf]Og cfk"mnfO{ k' F h L ;+ r osf] cy{ dhb' / x¿sf] JofKt agfOPsf] 5 / ;fd|fHojfbnfO{ ltgsf] klg dxTjk'0f{ e"ldsf x'G5 .
qmflGtsf/L / dfS;{ j fbsf] ;xL lagfHofnfsf] >daf6 hGdfOPsf] k'FhL ;xof]usf] axfgfdf b]z leq cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf nflu tTsfn
cTofw'lgs cf}hf/x¿sf] xfdL;Fu
ef]if/fh ;L s]xL sdL xf]nfrm: . xfd|f] b]z s[lif
k|wfg b]z xf] . klxnf] r/0fdf xfdL
s[lif pkhdf cfTdlge{/ aGgsf nflu
xfdL;Fu ePsf] >d zlQm / k|r/' dfqfdf /x]sf k|fs[lts ;|ft] x¿nfO{ cfw' l gs s[ l if cf} h f/x¿ k| o f] u
h'6fpg] / of]hgfj4 kl/rfng ug]{ /fHo ;Qf x'g] xf] eg] g]kfn !) jif{ ug{;Sg] cj:yfdf 5f}+ . ;/sf/L
tYofªs cg';f/ g]kfndf $! nfv
d} ljsl;t /fi6« aGg ;S5 . of] s'g} sNkgf xf]Og, jf:tljstf xf] . @! xhf/ x]S6/ v]ltof]Uo hldg 5 .
pTkfbgsf ;fwgdWo] >dsf cf} h f/x¿ klg kb{ 5 g\ . pTkfbgdf To;dWo] #) nfv (! xhf/ x]S6/df
ltgsf] klg dxTjk' 0 f{ e" l dsf x' G 5 . cf} B f] l us pTkfbgsf nflu dfq v]tL ul/Psf] 5 . Tof] klg sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ g]tf e/t e|i6frf/sf] cGTo ug{ kf6L{ pTkfbgdf
tTsfn cTofw'lgs cf}hf/x¿sf] xfdL;Fu s]xL sdL xf]nfrm: . xfd|f] of]hgfj4, Jojl:yt / j}1flgs
tl/sfaf6 ul/Psf] 5}g . afFsL !) ;Ln] o:tf] 7f]s'jf/ u/]sf x'g\ . h'6]sf] 5 g]tf e/tn] 7f]s'jf u/] .
b]z s[lif k|wfg b]z xf] . klxnf] r/0fdf xfdL s[lif pkhdf cfTdlge{/ nfv #) xhf/ v]tLof]Uo hldg afFem} g]tf, sfo{stf{, kf6L{ / b]znfO{ g] k fn sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ s f
aGgsf nflu cfw'lgs s[lif cf}hf/x¿ k|of]u ug{;Sg] cj:yfdf 5f}+ . 5 . ;/sf/L tYofªscg';f/ ^% cfTdlge{ / agfpg cfTdlge{ / kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o ljsNkn] kf6L{n]
;/sf/L tYofªs cg';f/ g]kfndf $! nfv @! xhf/ x]S6/ v]ltof]Uo k|ltzt hgtf s[lifdf cfwfl/t 5g\ . pTkfbgdf hf] l 8g h?/L ePsf] lnPsf] pTkfbgsf] gLltn] b]z ljb]zdf
hldg 5 . To;dWo] #) nfv (! xhf/ x]S6/df dfq v]tL ul/Psf] of] tYofªs ;xL 5}g . lsgeg] h;n] atfpF b } :ofoL ;ldlt ;b:o ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z lbPsf] atfP .
hgu0fgfdf s[lif k]zf pNn]v u/]sf e/tn] bnfnL / e| i 6frf/sf] pgn] b]zdf pTkfbg a9fP/ kf6L{nfO{
5 . Tof] klg of] h gfj4, Jojl:yt / j} 1 flgs tl/sfaf6 ul/Psf] 5g\, tL nfvf}+nfv o'jfx¿ ljb]zL cGTo ug{ pTkfbg a9fpg cfTdlge{/ agfpg] / b]znfO{ ;d[4
5} g . afF s L !) nfv #) xhf/ v] t Lof] U o hldg afF e m} 5 . ;/sf/L tYofªscg' ; f/ ^% k| l tzt e"lddf k'u]sf 5g\ . cfjZos ePsf] atfP . agfpg] p2]Zosf;fy pTkfbgsf] If]q
hgtf s[lifdf cfwfl/t 5g\ . of] tYofªs ;xL 5}g . lsgeg] h;n] hgu0fgfdf s[lif k]zf pNn]v g]kfn s[lif k|wfg b]z elgG5 .
t/ vfBfGg d} lbg k|ltlbg k/lge{/ pgn] eg] …;dfhjfb k|flKtsf kf6L{n] a9fpFb} uPsf] atfP .
u/]sf 5g\, tL nfvf}+nfv o'jfx¿ ljb]zL e"lddf k'u]sf 5g\ . nflu pTkfbg d'Vo cfwf/ xf] . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
aGb} uPsf] 5 . uf]/vfkq cgnfOgn]
uuu uuu uuu @) sflt{s @)*)df n]v]sf] 5 . cfTdlge{/ kf6L{, g]tf, sfo{stf{ / ;b:o tyf ;' b " / klZrd k| b ] z
pTkbg ;DjGwL b[ l i6sf] 0 fdf kl/jt{ g Nofpg' , pTkfbgdf lg0ff{ o s zlQm k' F h L xf] O g, dfgjLo ærfn" cfly{s jif{sf] tLg dlxgfdf - hgtfsf nflu pTkfbg d'Vo xf] . pTkfbg ljefu k|d'v eut ;Ln]
>dzlQm xf] eGg] b[ l i6sf] 0 f cjnDag ug{ ' , of] sfo{ bnfn k' F h LjfbL /fHo ;Qfaf6 ;Dej 5} g . ;fpg–c;f]h_ vfBfGg cfoft @%=# kf6L{sf] gjf+} clwa]zgaf6 kfl/t gLlt ;' b " / klZrd k| b ] z sf] pTkfbg
lsgeg] bnfn k'FhLjfb eg]sf] ;fdGtjfbL bz{g tyf ;fd|fHojfbL cy{k|0ffnL cjnDjg ug]{ ;a}eGbf k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . eG;f/ ljefusf] cg'¿k g]tf sfo{stf{ / hgtf ljefuåf/f $ ljufxdf wfg /f]kfO{
tYofªscg';f/ tLg dlxgfdf @% >d;Fu hf]l8Psf 5f} . xfd|f] pTkfbg ;'? ul/Psf] atfP .
lgMs[ i 6 k' F h Ljfb xf] . h;nfO{ ;fdGtjfb / ;fd| f Hojfbsf] cj} w ;Gtfg klg elgG5 . To;sf/0f k|ltztn] a9]/ !( ca{ ($ s/f]8 b] z e/ eO/xsf] 5 . oxfF k lg pgn] 3f]8f3f]8L gu/kflnsf j8f
g]kfndf /fli6«o k'FhLsf] ;+/If0f ug]{, hgtfsf ;fj{ef}d cyf{t\ cfwf/e"t cfjZostf /fHosf] bfloTj %# nfv ( xhf/ ¿k}ofFsf] vfBfGg -
wfg, ds}, rfdn, ux'F, hf}, sf]bf]_ ul//x]sf 5f} .Ú gDa/ ( /tLk'/df $ ljufxdf s}nfnL
x'g] u/L g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;fdhjfbL /fHo Joj:yf :yfkgf ug{' clgjfo{ 5 . tYofªscg';f/ ^% pgn] b]ze/ @ ;o @) ljufxdf kf6L{ s f] ;xof] u / ;' b " / klZrd
k|ltzt hgtf s[lifdf cfwfl/t 5g\ . of] tYofªs ;xL 5}g . lsgeg] h;n] hgu0fgfdf s[lif k]zf cfoft ePsf] 5 .Æ aLaL;L g]kfnL
cgnfOgdf z/b s];Lsf] n]vsf] kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jdf wfg /f]kfO{ eO/x]sf] k|b]zsf] cfof]hgfdf wfg /f]kfO{
pNn]v u/]sf 5g\, tL nfvf}+nfv o'jfx¿ ljb]zL e"lddf k'u]sf 5g\ . zLif{s 5– æg]kfnn] u5{ c/af}+ atfpFb} ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf] s[lif eO{/x]sf] atfP . pgn] vf]nf glb
¿k}ofFsf] vBfGg cfoft, cd]l/sL pTkfbg ljefusf] cfof]hgfdf $ ljufx lsgf/sf] au/df kf6L{n] t/e'hf v]lt
JofVoftf ePsf] bfjf ug]x{ ¿n] ;d]t cltl/Qm d"NonfO{ k'FhLdf abNg' xf] x' N g] cfwf/ v8f ul/Psf] 5 . b]zaf6 klg cfpF5g\ rfdn / ds} .Æ hldgdf wfg /f]kfO{ eO/x]sf] atfP . ul/Psf] klg hfgsf/L lbP .
pTkfbgsf] lg0ff{os zlQm k|ljlwnfO{ eGg ;lsG5 . tYo klg ToxL xf] . pbfx/0fsf lglDt Pd;L;L h:tf] gful/s b}lgs, @& d+l;/ @)*)df
dfg]/ efio v8f u/]sf 5g\ . o;af6 k'h
F LjfbL cy{zf:qLx¿n] k'h F LnfO{ /fi6«3ftL kl/of]hgfnfO{ Nofpg' k/]sf] cfTdlge{/ kf6L{, cfTdlge{/ g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf s}nfnL
8fS6/ ;'dgs'df/ /]UdLsf] n]vdf sfo{stf{ / cfTdlge{/ b]zsf] gf/f lhNnf OGrfh{ k|sfz dNnn] jt{dfg
cfd hgtf dfq xf]Og qmflGtsf/L / ;ªu7gnfO{ klg dfgjLo >dzlQm sf/0f ljsf;sf nflu k'h F L geP/ xf] pNn] v ul/Psf] 5 – @)&*–&(
o'jf zlQmdf ;d]t Jofks e|d k/]sf] / >dsf j:t' s f] ¿kdf /x] s f egL hgtfdf e| d l;h{ g f ug{ r}q;Dd ¿= !$ ca{ (& s/f]8 @# lnP/ g]skf pTkfbg sfo{df nfu]sf]] bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yf cfoftd'lv
5 . To; e|fds k|efjaf6 d'Qm k|fs[lts ;|f]tx¿;/x dfq xf]Og, bnfnx¿n] b'ik|of; ul//x]sf 5g\ . nfv ^* xhf/ d"No a/fa/sf %) atfpFb} pgn] /fli6«o cGt{/fli6«o ePsf] atfpb} /]ld6\ofG;sf] e/ kg]{
geP;Dd ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] ofqf k'h
F LnfO{ t pTkfbgsf] ;jf]k{ l/ ;fwg of] ;fd|fHojfbsf] h'7f] k'/f] vfg] s/f]8 ** nfv &* xhf/ #)* s]hL ¿kdf o;n] ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z / ;a} s'/fdf k/lge{/ dfq ePsfn]
cl3 a9fpg ;lsFb}g . agfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . xfdLn] a'em]s} k'h
F LjfbL lrGtg xf] . wfg cfoft ePsf] 5 . lbPsf] bfaL u/] . g]skfsf g]tf sfo{stf{ pTkfbg;Fu
cfhef]ln rf}aL;} 306f xfdLn] 5f}+ ls k'hF Lsf] hGd gx'bF } dfgj hfltn] s] g]kfn k'h
F L geP/ u/La ePsf] pk/f]Qm tYofxf:ªsn] s] b]vfpF5 g]tf e/tn] cGo /hgLlts hf]l8Psf] atfP .
;'lg/x]sf ljifox¿ x'g\– k'FhLlagf pTkfbgsf] sfo{ t u/]s} lyP . xf] < em6\6 ;'Gbf xf] h:tf] nfU5 . eg] s[lif pTkfbgdf cfTdlge{/ dfq bnx¿ eGbf g]skfn] k[ys ¿kdf /f]kfO{sf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf
ljsf; ;Dej 5}g . j}b]lzs k'FhL ;fwf/0f dfn pTkfbg t dfgj t/ of] ;To xf]Og . ;To s'/f s] xf] xf]Og lgof{t ug{;Sg] cfwf/ ePsf]
nufgLlagf b]zsf] ljsf; x'g ;Sb}g . ;dfhdf To;a]nfb]lv ;'? ePsf] lyof], eg] pTkfbgsf] k|dv ' / lg0ff{os zlQm /fhgLlt ub}{ cfPsf] pNn]v ub}{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;'b/" klZrd k|bz ]
b]zn] vaf}{ v/asf] vfBfGg cfoft lxdfndf :ofp, 8f]6Ldf ;'Gtnf / ;lrj ;d/ ;L, s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox¿
;/sf/n] k'FhL leq\ofpg nufgL h'ga]nfb]lv dfgj ;dfhdf ;fdflhs dfgjLo >dzlQm xf] eGg] b[li6sf]0f ug{'kg]{ h'g cj:yf 5, To;sf] cGTo
;Dd]ng ub}5 { . o:tf s'/f ;'Gbf ;'Gb} ¿kdf >d ljefhgsf] yfngL / ;lxtsf] ;dfhjfbL /fHo Joj:yf k"jd{ f lrof v]tL nufot b]ze/ s[lif sdn ;L, ljdn ;L, b]j ;L, nufotsf
ug{ xfd|f s/f]8f}+ o'jf hgzlQmnfO{
hgtfsf] hglha|fd] f ;d]t ælagf wg pTkfbgsf ;fwgdfly lghL :jfldTj gx'g' xf] . xfdLn] o; b[li6sf]0f;lxtsf] of] h gfj4 ¿kdf cleofgfTds pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] hfgsf/L u/fP . g]tf sfo{stf{x¿sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf]
s]xL geg\Æ h:tf jfSo e'ml08/x]sf sfod x'gk'Uof] . Tof]eGbf klxn] klg /fHoJoj:yf :yfkgf ug{ ;s]dfq ¿kn] s[lif pTkfbgdf nfufpg] xf] pgn] eg] …a;]/ vfg] / ukm r'6/] lyof] . /f]kfO{ pb\3f6g sfo{qmdkl5
5g\ . o:tf ljrf/x¿n] xfdLnfO{ dfgj hfltn] pTkfbgsf lglDt ;ª3if{ b]zn] b|"t ultdf ljsf; ug{ ;S5 . eg] g]kfn vfBfGgdf cfTdlge{/ dfq a:g]x¿nfO{ klg >d;Fu hf]8g\ afWo :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o e/t ;L s]Gb|Lo
emg\–emg\ u/LaLsf] vf8ndf ws]nL u/]s} lyP . k'h F LjfbL dfn pTkfbgsf] lsgeg] jt{ d fg bnfn ;+ ; bLo xf]Og, vfBfGg lgof{t u/L c/af}+ agfPsf] 5 . rGbf p7fP/ vfg] / ;b:ox¿ tyf kf6L{sf ;a} txsf g]tf
k/f>[t agfpFb} 5g\ . o; k|sf/sf ;'?jft ePsf] k'h F Ljfbsf] pbokZrft\ Joj:yfn] of] b[li6sf]0fnfO{ cjnDag j}bl] zs d'bf| cfh{g ug{ ;S5 . x/]s sfd ug{ 8/fpg] h:tf cf/f] k sfo{stf{x¿ wfg /f]Kg Jo:t ePsf
k' F h LjfbL, ;+ z f] w gjfbL, 5b\ d dfq xf] . h'g dfq cf7;o jif{ ug{ p;sf] rl/qn] ubf{ ;Sb}g . jif{ vfBfGg cfoftdf e'Qmfg ul/g]
qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf ljsf;;DaGwL unt k'Ub}5 . clg s;/L x'g ;S5 k'FhL g]kfnsf] ljsf; ug{ rflxg] nufpg]x¿sf nflu hjfkm lbPsf] lyP . –lw/h k|kfnf
v/af}+ ¿k}ofFn] s[lifsf ;fy} cf}Bf]lus
lrGtg k|0ffnLaf6 d'Qm eP/ cfly{s
ljsf; ;DaGwL j}1flgs b[li6sf]0f
af/] o'jf k':tfnfO{ ;sf/fTds ax;sf]
pTkfbgsf] lg0ff{os zlQm < oxfF ;Dd
ls dfgjLo >dzlQm k|of]u gePsf]
s'g} klg j:t'sf] d"No x'bF g} . j:t'df
pTkfbgsf ;fwgx¿dWo] lg0ff{os
dfgjLo >dzlQm xf] . Tof] g]kfn;Fu
k|z:t dfqfdf 5 . ;+;f/df ;a}eGbf
pTkfbgsf lglDt cfjZos kg]{ oGq–
pks/0fx¿sf] Joj:yfkg ug{
o'jf ;+u7g g]kfn s}nfnLåf/f
yfngL ug{ ;xh xf];\ eGgsf nflu
cfly{s ljsf;df lg0ff{os tTj k'FhL
/x]sf] ;+lrt >d g} j:t'sf] d"No
xf] . h;n] d"No, z'Ns / s/nfO{
Odfgbf/ / d]xgtL o'jf ePsf] b]z
g]kfn xf] . olt 7"nf] >dzlQmnfO{
;lsG5 . xfd|f o'jf j}1flgsx¿
h;n] g]kfndf cfˆgf] eljio gb]v]/
ljb] z knfog eO/x] s f 5g\ ,
@ laufxf v]tdf wfg /f]kfO{
xf] ls dfgjLo >d zlQm eGg] k|Zgjf/] cnu–cnu x' G 5g\ eGg] s' / f cfˆg} b]zleq sfd gkfP/ ;+;f/e/L sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] @ ljufxfdf /f]kfO{ ;DkGg ePsf] o'jf
rrf{ ug{' o; n]vsf] p2]Zo xf] . a'lem;s]sf xFb' g} g\, ltgnfO{ dfq e|d cToGt x]nf, xf]rf] / ckdfg dfq ltgLx¿sf] k|ltef / Ifdtfsf] e/k'/
pkof]u u/]/ b]z leq} gofF–gofF ;xfos ;+u7g o'jf ;+u7g g]kfnn] ;+u7g g]kfn ;'b'/klZrd k|b]z
k'FhLn] >d l;h{gf u/]sf] xf] of kfg{ ;S5g\ . jf:tjdf ;fdflhs xf]Og s7f]/ oftgf / d[To'j/0f ug{ s}nfnLdf wfg /f]kfO{ ;DkGg u/]sf] ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 .
>dn] k' F h L l;h{ g f u/] s f] x f] < ¿kn] cfjZos >d ;doåf/f dfq ;d]t afWo kfl/Psf 5g\ . h'g ;f7L k|ljlwsf] vf]h–cg';Gwfg / pTkfbg
ug{ ;lsG5 . 5 . laxLaf/ ;+u7gsf cWoIf lbg]z l;+uf] kf6L{;lxt pTkfbgdf hf]8
jf:tjdf >dn] k'h F Lsf] l;h{gf u/]sf] s'g} klg j:t'sf] d"No lgwf{/0f x'G5 . nfveGbf a9L o'jfnfO{ ljb]lzg afWo
xf] . cltl/Qm >d ;dosf] zf]if0faf6 To;sf/0f dfgjLo >dzlQm g} kfl/Psf] 5 tLgnfO{ cfwf/e" t o;sf lglDt klxnf] cfjZostf
hDdf ul/Psf] / k'gM cltl/Qm >d pTkfbgsf] lg0ff{os tTj xf] . >d, cfjZostfsf] kl/k" l t{ s f] 5 pTkbg ;DjGwL b[ l i6sf] 0 fdf
zf]if0fsf nflu kl/rfng ul/Psf] >dsf j:t' / >dsf cf}hf/x¿ g} ;'lglZrttf;lxt\ pTkfbg sfo{df kl/jt{g Nofpg', pTkfbgdf lg0ff{os
;+lrt >dnfO{ k'FhL elgG5 . o; pTkfbgsf ;fwg x'g\ . dfyL g} nufpg] xf] eg] g]kfndf >dzlQmsf] zlQm k'FhL xf]Og, dfgjLo >dzlQm
;DaGwdf Pª\ u ] N ; eGg' x ' G 5, elg;lsof] ls >d k'h F Ln] l;h{gf s'g} sdL 5}g . xf] eGg] b[li6sf]0f cjnDag ug{',
æcltl/Qm >dnfO{ k'FhLn] cfljisf/ u/]sf] xf]Og . >dsf cf}hf/ :jo+ bf];|f] pTkfbgsf] ;fwg eg]sf] of] sfo{ bnfn k' F h LjfbL /fHo
u/]sf] xf]Og . hxfF–hxfF ;dfhsf] Ps >dhLjL hgtfn] lgdf{0f u/]sf x'g\ . >dsf j:t' x ¿ x' g \ . >dsf ;Qfaf6 ;Dej 5}g . lsgeg] bnfn
lx:;fsf] pTkfbgsf ;fwgx¿dfly >dsf j:t'sf] ¿kdf /x]sf sRrf j:t'x¿sf] lglDt g]kfn ;+;f/ s} wgL k'FhLjfb eg]sf] ;fdGtjfbL bz{g
Psflwsf/ x'G5, ToxfF dhb'/n] pm kbfy{x¿ k|fs[lts x'g\ h'g s'g} klg b]z eGbf klg km/s kb}g{ . ef}uf]lns tyf ;fd| f HojfbL cy{ k | 0 ffnL
:jtGq xf];\ jf gxf];\, cfˆgf] hLjg dfgj hfltn] l;h{gf u/]sf xf]Ogg\ . lx;fan] w]/} ljzfn eGg gldn] klg cjnDjg ug] { ;a} e Gbf lgMs[ i 6
lgjf{xsf nflu ;fwg tof/ ug{ hlt pTkfbg eg]sf] s'g} gofF gf}nf] j:t'sf] hg;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf ljzfn g} dfGg k'FhLjfb xf] . h;nfO{ ;fdGtjfb /
;fd|fHojfbsf] cj}w ;Gtfg klg ;Lsf] ljz]if pkl:yltdf @ ljufxfdf lbPsf] ;+u7gn] b]z}e/ pTkfbg
;do sfd ug{ cfjZos x'G5 To;sf l;h{gf geP/ k|sl[ t k|bQ kbfy{df ;lsG5 . ;+;f/sf nueu ;a}lt/ hldgdf wfg /f]kfO{ ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . sfo{nfO{ lta|tf lbPsf] / emfkf, bfª
cltl/Qm p;n] pTkfbgsf dfgjLo >dsf] ;xfotfaf6 pkof]u kfOg] hnjfo' g]kfndf kfOG5 . g]kfn elgG5 . To;sf/0f g]kfndf /fli6«o
;fwgx¿sf :jfdLx¿sf] hLjg d"Nosf] l;h{gf ug{' xf] . o;af6 vfBfGg, hl8a'6L, kmnk"mn pTkfbgsf k' F h Lsf] ;+ / If0f ug] { , hgtfsf wfg /f]kfO{ sfo{qmddf /f]kfO{df / s}nfnLdf sl/a ;f9] $ ljufxfdf
lgjf{xsf ;fwg tof/ ug{sf nflu csf6\o ¿kdf eGg ;lsG5 ls lglDt / kz'kfngsf lglDt cToGt ;fj{ e f} d cyf{ t \ cfwf/e" t ;+u7gsf cWoIf;lxt ;+u7gsf k|bz ] pTkfbg ul//x]sf] ;+u7gsf cWoIf
s]xL cltl/Qm sfd ug{' kb{5 .Æ – - dfgjLo >dzlQmsf] k|of]uåf/f g} pj{ / dflgG5 . hn ;Dkbfsf] cfjZostf /fHosf] bfloTj x'g] u/L OGrfh{ ;'zLn ;L, ;lrjfno ;b:o lbg]z ;Ln] atfPsf 5g\ . cWoIf
8\o'xl/ª\u dt–v08g, k[i7 @^(_ k'FhLsf] l;h{gf ul/Psf] xf] / ;+lrt lx;fan] g]kfn ljZjsf] bf];f| ] wgL b]z g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;fdhjfbL /fHo s'df/ ;L, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o l/d ;Lsf] lbg]z ;Lsf cg';f/ s0ff{nLdf sf]bf]
To;}u/L dfS;{ eGg'x'G5, æk'FhL >d cem egf}+ d[t >dsf] ¿kdf dflgG5 . jgh+un, cd'No hl8a'6L Joj:yf :yfkgf ug{' clgjfo{ 5 . ;xeflutfdf 3f]8f3f]8Lsf] nf]x/k'/df /f]Kg] sfd;d]t eO/x]sf] 5 .
4 @)*! ;fn c;f/ @# ut] cfOtaf/

;fj{hlgs oftfoftM ef8f rsf],{ ;]jf;'ljwf z"Go Û


…lj/fdL, cfkt jf xtf/ x'Fbf /x]sf ;fj{hlgs oftfoftx¿ yf]q|f, 6\ofDkf], dfOqmf] a;, a;x¿ @$ ef8f lnG5g\ . 306f}+ s'gk{' 5{ . 6\ofS;Ldf klg o:t} $ ah];Dd 8]/L lxsf{pF5 . 6\ofS;L
;fj{hlgs oftfoft slxNo} kfOFbg} ,Ú k'/fgf eO;s]sf 5g\ . jif{b]lv #! jif{;Dd k'/fgf] 5 . Tof] klg yf]qf, k'/fgf uf8L 5 . 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿ ofq'n] eg]sf] r9]afkt ;j{;fwf/0fn] ;'?df g}
of] cfd gful/ssf] u'gf;f] xf] . emg\ oL uf8Lx¿ saf8 cj:yfdf pkTosfleqsf] ;fj{ h lgs rnfP/ . sfg"gdf ;'k/ l8nS;sf] 7fpFdf hfg dfGb}gg\ . rqmkyaflx/ ltg'k{ g]{ %) ¿k}ofFn] Ps lbgd} ;ft
laxfg / a]n'sf t s'/f gu/f}+ . k' u ] s f 5g\ . t/, oftfoft oftfoftsf] t cj:yf o:tf] 5 eg] ef8f ltg{ ;/sf/sf] dfkb08leq 6\ofS;L hfFbg} . s/f]8 ¿k}ofF ;]jfz'Ns ltg'{k5{ .
sfof{no ;dodf hf]lvdk"0f{ ofqf ug{ Joj;foLx¿ o:tf] uf8L rnfP/ cfk"m pkTosf aflx/sf] lhNnfdf s] xf]nf kg'{k5{ . oxfF t dfkb08leq} gk/]sf ;/sf/ eQmk' / , nlntk' / / clxn] pkTosfleq gf}+ xhf/
afWo x'g] u/]sf 5g\ gful/sx¿ . sdfpF5g\ clg ofq'sf] Hofg hf]lvddf < aflx/L lhNnfsf hgtfn] dfOqmf] a;, hDkf] xfo;, 6f6f ;d"xn] sf7df8f} + n fO{ pkTosf eG5 . 6\ofS;L ;~rfngdf 5g\ . hg;+Vof
cfOtaf/ laxfg !! sf7df8f}s + f] ;fj{hlgs oftfoftaf6 slt ;f:tL ;'k/ l8nS;sf] gfddf ofq';Fu a9L lj8Dagf, /fhwfgLafx]s eQmk'/ / eg] s/f]8eGbf dfly 5 . ptf, xl/of]
/Tgkfs{ d f ;fj{ h lgs oftfoft ef]lu/x]sf xf]nfg\ < o;sf] s'g} klg ef8f c;'ln/x]sf 5g\ . nlntk'/df ;d]t 6\ofS;L kfpg ufx|f] / sfnf] Kn]6sf] 6\ofS;L, kmf]:6s
s'l//x]sf dflg;x¿sf] nfd lyof] . n]vfhf]vf g} 5}g . csf]{tkm{, dfkb08leq k/]sf 5 . emg\ rqmkyaflx/sf hgtfn] 6\ofDkf], 9'jfgL uf8L / dfOqmf]
sf]xL la/fdL klg lyP t sf]xL;Fu sfg"gdf l;6eGbf a9L ofq' xfNg uf8Ln] klg btf{ ePsf] ldltn] tLg t 6\ofS;L ;d]t b]Vg kfPsf 5}gg\ . a;x¿sf] nfdf] ;dob]lv gofF btf{
afnaRrf ;fydf lyof] . To:t}, kfOF b } g cyjf lan a' s eGbf jif{ k'u]kl5 ;'k/ l8nS;sf] gfddf clxn] eQmk' / s} ;" o { l jgfosdf aGb 5 . rf/ bzsb]lv of] If]qdf
a'9fa'9L klg b]lvPsf lyP . Tolt n]lvPeGbf a9L ofq' xfNg kfOFb}g . ofq';uF ef8f lng kfOFbg} . t/, oxfF 6\ofS;L kfOFb}g . l;l08s]6 5 .
a]nf klg sfof{no jf sn]h hfg]x¿ t/, dfOqmf] a;df lan a'sdf !@ t btf{ ePsf] ldltn] @) jif{ 6\ofS;L gx'bF f oxfFsf hgtf lghL clxn] klg oftfoft
uf8L s'l/ g} /x]sf lyP . b]lv !# hgf n]lvPklg ofq' eg] @& k' l u;s] s f uf8Ln] klg ;' k / Kn]6sf] ;jf/L;fwgdf ofqf ug{ afWo Joj;foLx¿n] @) jif{ k'/fgf] uf8Lsf]
xfdL ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf ofqf hgf;Dd xflnG5 . ;/sf/n] nf]sn l8nS;sf] gfddf ofq';u ef8f 5g\ . lghL Kn]6sf] ;jf/L;fwgn] :qmfOe u/]sf] gDa/Kn]6df gofF uf8L
ug]{ ;j{;fwf/0f 3fd kfgL gegL uf8L uf8Lsf] ef8f Ps lsnf]ld6/af6 kfFr c;'ln/x]sf 5g\ . ofq';Fu rsf]{ ef8f c;'Nb} cfPsf] lsg]/ btf{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;n] gofF
s'5f}+ . aNntNn bz ldg]6b]lv cfwf lsnf]ld6/;Dd !( ¿k}ofF tf]ss ] f] 5 . otf, btf{ ePsf] ldltn] 5 jif{ 5 . km]l/ o:tf ;jf/L;fwgn] /fHonfO{ Joj;foL ylkg kfPsf 5g\ . ;Lldt
306f;Dd s'/]/ uf8L t cfpF5 t/
v'§f 6]Sg] 7fpF x'Fb}g . sf7df8f}+
?iff yfkf t/, oftfoft Joj;foLx¿ cfwf
lsnf]ld6/d} ofq';uF @% ¿k}ofF c;'N5g\ .
k'u]kl5 To:tf ;jf/L;fwg /ftsf]
;dodf rnfpg kfOFb}g . oftfoft
/fh:j ;d]t ltb}{gg\ .
;/sf/n] 6\ofS;Lsf] /f]8kd]{6d}
JolQm jf Joj;foLx¿s} of] If]qdf
/huh rln/x]sf] 5 .
pkTosfleq h'g;'s} ?6df ef8fsf] kf5{g\ . ;xrfns, rfns uf8L ;kmf ef8f yfxf gePsf ofq'nfO{ emg} 7U5g\ . Joj;foLx¿sf] sfg" g sf] wHhL pkTosfleqsf] h'g;'s} ?6df rNg @)#! ;fnb] l v clxn] ; Dd
uf8L kfpg ufx|f] 5 . ub}g{ g\ . ofq';uF ef8f dfq c;'N5g\, otf, ljBfyL{ , Ho] i 7 gful/s, p8fpFb} 5 jif{ sl6;s]sf ;jf/L;fwg kfOg] eg]/ n]lvlbPsf] x'G5 . t/, ;6\6fegf{d} uf8L NofOPsf] 5 . o;n]
uf8Ldf l;6sf] cfzf k/sf] xf], Tof] klg tf]lsPeGbf a9L . ckf+ux¿nfO{ ;d]t ef8f 5'6 lbOFbg} . klg /ftsf] ;dodf rnfP/ ofq'sf] 6\ofS;L rqmkyaf6 hfg dfGb}g . s]xL ef8fsf] uf8Lsf] gofF btf{ v'ns ] f] 5}g
e'ml08g] 7fpF dfq ePklg sqf] 7"nf] clxn] ;fj{hlgs oftfoftdf afnaRrfsf] klg ef8f lnOG5 . s'g} emf]nf Hofg hf]lvddf kfl//x]sf 5g\ . u/L dflgxfn] klg rfnsn] eg]hlt eg] ;+Vof klg a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g .
x'G5 xfdLx¿nfO{ . oxfF b]ze/sf r9\bf s'lxPsf]h:tf] uGw cfpF5 . jf ;fdfg ePdf To;sf] klg ef8f sfg"gdf @) jif{ k'u;
] s]sf uf8L k};f ltg'{k5{ ofq'n] . otf, hg;+Vof klg lbgfg' a9\b} uPsf]
gful/s lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/Lsf nflu kfgL kbf{ ofq'sf] sk8f g} lemH5 . lnG5g\, oftfoft Joj;foLx¿ . kq' jf nQfs6\6f ug'k{ g]{ clgjfo{ 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿ glhs klg ofq' 5 . oftfoft Joj;foLx¿n] ef8fsf]
a:b} cfPsf 5g\ . To:t}, sf]xL gft]bf/, lsgls uf8Ldf emKofnsf] l;;f g} 5f] 6 f] of nfdf] ?6df rNg] Joj:yf 5 . oBlk, oftfoft af]Sg dfGb}gg\ . rfFx] Tof] la/fdL g} uf8Ldf u/]sf nufgL tLgb]lv rf/
cfkmGt jf la/fdL e]63f6 ug{ klg x'Fb}g . otf, uf8Lsf] l;6x¿ klg ;fj{ h lgs ;jf/L;fwgn] nlIft Joj;foLx¿ clxn] klg @) jif{ lsg gxf];\ . ;/sf/n] 6\ofS;Lsf] jif{b]lv p7fpF5g\ .
ufpF3/af6 oxfF cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . efFlrPsf] 5 . clg ofq' a:bf nF8\g], ju{nfO{ ef8f 5'6 lbPkl5 /fHon] s6]sf ;jf/L;fwg rnfO/x]sf 5g\ . ef8fdf ;'?df %) ¿k}ofF / k|To]s clxn] klg @) jif{ k' / fgf]
sf7df8f}+ g]kfnsf] /fhwfgL klg n'uf Rofltg]h:tf ;d:of x'g] x'G5 . jflif{s s/df $) k|ltzt 5'6 lbPsf] cfˆgf] Hofg} hf]lvddf /fv]/ To:tf lsnf]ld6/ %) ¿k}ofF tf]ss ] f] 5 . t/, 6\ofS;Lsf] :qmfOe u/]sf] gDa/ Kn]6
xf] . To;}n], ljb]zL ko{6sx¿ ;d]t ;xrfns, rfnsx¿ klg ofq';uF x'G5 . oftfoft Joj;foLx¿ /fHo;Fu uf8Ldf r9\g ;j{;fwf/0f eg] afWo 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿ Ps lsnf]ld6/d} *) b]lv () xhf/;Dddf lsga]r
oxfF 3'dlkm/sf nflu cfpg] u/]sf /fd|f] af]nLjrg ub}g{ g\ . pgLx¿ klg t s/ 5'6 lnG5g\ t/ nlIft ju{nfO{ ePsf 5g\ . kfFr ;o ¿k}ofF;Dd dfU5g\ . eO/x]sf] 5 . olb ;/sf/n] gofF
5g\ . lj8Dagf, ljb]zLx¿ klg yf]qf| , ofq'nfO{ ysf{pg] cyjf ckzAb k|of]u ef8f 5'6 lbFb}gg\ . nfdf] ?6df rNg] xfdL gful/snfO{ Ps ldg]6 klg k7fcf]dfkm{t\ 6\ofS;L r9\bf ;'?d} 6\ofS;Lsf] btf{ vf]lnlbP of] gDa/Kn]6
k'/fgf / sf]rfsf]r uf8Ldf ofqf ug{ u/L ufnLunf}h ;d]t u5{g\ . clxn] uf8Ln] t ;'k/ l8nS;sf] gfddf dxTjk"0f{ 5 . t/, ef8fsf] uf8L !&& ¿k}ofF ltg'{k5{ . of] u}/sfg"gL l;Q}df kfOG5 . To;}n,] ca ;/sf/sf]
afWo ePsf 5g\ . clxn] ;~rfngdf pkTosfleq rln/x]sf 6\ofS;L, UofF; ofq';uF tf]lsPeGbf $) k|ltzt a9L kfpg a; :6sdf bz ldg]6b]lv xf] . 6\ofS;Ln] /flt ( ah]bl] v laxfg o;tkm{ klg Wofg hfcf];\ .

/fi6« a}+såf/f ;fpgsf] klxnf] xKtf df}lb|s gLlt Nofpg] tof/L


sf7df8f}F . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] pgn] df}lb|s gLlt ;du| cfly{s k};f x'Fbf ahf/ d"No a9\g] x'Fbf lgoGq0f / lgodg gLltut tj/n] z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ ePsf] b]lvPsf] ck/]6/ -kmf]gk], sg]S6 cfO{kLP;nufot_
;fpgsf] klxnf] xKtf df}lb|s gLlt If]qnfO{ rnfodfg agfpg] u/L NofOg] dfucg';f/sf] dfq} d'bf| cfk"lt{ ug{sf ug{sf nflu g]kfn /fi6« a}s + n] x/]s lyof] . To;sf] kl5Nnf] jif{ cyf{t\ @)@! af6 $( j6f !! s/f]8 ¿k}ofF a/fa/sf]
Nofpg] tof/L u/]sf] 5 . a}s
+ n] cfufdL hfgsf/L ;d]t lbPsf 5g\ . nflu df}lb|s gLlt agfOG5 . ahf/df cfly{s jif{sf] ;'?jftdf df}lb|s gLlt df o:tf] sf/f]af/ a9]/ ! xhf/ *%$ z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ ePsf] e]l6Psf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)*!–)*@ sf nflu ueg{/ clwsf/Ln] cfufdL cfly{s d'bf| cfk"lt{ a9L eof] eg] dxFuL a9\g Nofpg] ub{5 . j6fdf k'Uof] . To;kl5sf] Ps} jif{df o:t}, n3'ljQ sDkgLaf6 @ s/f]8
df}lb|s gLlt Nofpg] tof/L u/]sf] jif{sf] df}lb|s gLlt t'ngfTds ¿kdf hfG5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu olb /fd;Fu df}lb|s gLlt s]Gb|Lo a}s F n] hf/L o:tf] sf/f]af/df $^=%( k|ltztn] j[l4 ¿k}ofFa/fa/sf] @$ j6f, ;xsf/Laf6
ug]{ Ps dfq gLlt xf], h;leq ljQLo ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;g\ @)@@ df # $ ca{ a/fa/sf] @ j6f, dr]G{ 6 a}s + af6
gLlt / ljb]zL ljlgdo gLlt ;dfj]z xhf/ (&( j6f z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ $ ca{ a/fa/sf] ! j6f / lgofds
ul/Psf] x'G5 . ljQLo gLlt cGtu{t /fi6« a}s+ n] e]6s] f] lyof] . ;g\ @)@! lgsfo /fi6« a}s + af6} !! j6f z+sf:kb
g]kfn /fi6« a}s + sf] dftxtdf /x]sf sf] t'ngfdf @)@@ df b'O{ u'0ffn] a9]sf] sf/f]af/ ePsf b]lvPsf] 5 .
a} + s tyf ljQLo ;+ : yfx¿sf] z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ @)@# df %& o;}u/L, g]kfn /fi6« a}s+ n] b'O{ nfv
lgodg;DaGwL gLlt kb{5 . o:tf k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . ¿k}ofF eGbf sd /sdsf]] r]s lSnol/ª
gLltx¿ ;dosf] dfu / ;g\ @)@# df ^ xhf/ @%% j6f sf/f]af/df z'Ns glng a}s + tyf ljQLo
cfjZostfcg';f/ kl/jt{g ub}{ hfg'kg]{ z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ a}s + tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . /fi6« a}s + n]
ePsfn] /fi6« a}s + n] x/]s jif{ cfjZos ;+:yfaf6 ePsf] b]lvG5 . h;sf] s'n ljQLo ;"rgfdfkm{t\ ;DalGwt a}s + tyf
kl/dfh{g ;lxtsf] gLlt Nofpg] ub{5 . /sd $) ca{ ¿k}ofFa/fa/ x'G5 . /fi6« ljQLo ;+:yfn] u|fxs;Fu s'g} lsl;dsf]
xfn g]kfn /fi6« a}s + n] lgod ug]{ a}s + a}s+ n] u/]sf] cWoogdf a}s + tyf ljQLo z'Ns lng gkfpg] hgfPsf] xf] . a}s +
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ s, v, u / 3 ;+:yfx¿af6 ePsf ^ xhf/ @ ;o %% tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;]jf k|jfx ug]{
u/L rf/ efudf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . j6f z+sf:kb ultljlw / sf/f]af/dWo] qmddf s]xL ;]jfx¿ cGo ;+:yf jf
s ju{sf a}s + x¿ jfl0fHo a}s+ x¿ x'g\ . *$ k|ltzt jfl0fHo a}s + x¿af6 ePsf] lgsfodfkm{t\ klg lng'kg]{ x'G5 .
g]kfndf xfn @& j6f jfl0fHo a}s + x¿ b]vfPsf] 5 . Ps jif{df jfl0fHo pbfx/0fsf nflu shf{ ;" r gf,
/x]sf 5g\ . To:t}, v ju{sf a}s + x¿ a}s + x¿af6 #* ca{ &@ s/f]8 ¿k}ofF sfnf];r " L;DaGwL ;]jf, lwtf] d"NofÍg,
ljsf; a}s + x¿ x'g\ . To:t}, u ju{sf a/fa/sf] % xhf/ @*@ j6f z+sf:kb aLdf, On]S6«fl] gs r]s lSnol/ª cflb .
ljQLo ;+ : yf cyf{ t kmfOgfG; sf/f]af/ ePsf] 5 . o:t} ljsf; a}s + af6 /fi6« a}s
+ sf cg';f/ ;]jf a}s + tyf
sDkgLx¿ x'g\ eg] 3 ju{sf a}s + cyf{t $ ca{ &@ s/f]8 ¿k}ofFa/fa/sf] ##) ljQLo ;+:yfn] t];f| ] kIfdfkm{t\ pknAw
dfOqmf]kmfOgfG; x'g\ . o;/L, ;– j6f sf/f]af/ ePsf 5g\ . ;]o/ a|fs ] / u/fpFbf ;f] ;]jfafkt To:tf ;+:yf jf
atfOPsf] 5 . /fi6« a}+s olta]nf v'sn ' f] x'g] atfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . ueg{/ cfjZostfeGbf a9L ;DklQ 5 eg] ;fgfb]lv 7"nf] k'h F L;Ddsf] sf/f]af/ sDkgLsf] $ ca{ @( s/f] 8 lgsfonfO{ e'QmfgL ug{k' g]{ nfuteGbf
ljleGg lghL If]q, ;/sf/nufot;Fu clwsf/Ln] shf{ nufgL lj:tf/ x'g] p;n] cfk"mn] dg k/]sf] s'/f lsGgsf] ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf] lgodg ug{sf ¿k}ofFa/fa/sf] ^@ j6f sf/f]af/ z+sf:kb a9L x'gu] /L cfˆgf u|fxsaf6 ;]jf z'Ns
;'emfjx¿ ;+sng ug]{ sfd u/]/ u/L v'sn ' f] df}lb|s gLltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf nflu hlt g} ltg{k' /] klg tof/ x'G5 . nflu df}l :b|s gLlt agfOG5 . b]lvPsf 5g\ . o:t} kmfOgfG; sDkgLaf6 c;'n ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf 5 . t/, @
n]vgsf] r/0fdf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn /fi6« lbFb} cfufdL cfjsf] gLlt cfpg] atfO o;/L ;a} wgf9\on] a9L d"No lt/]/ o;} a Lr, /fi6« a} + s sf] Ps @ ca{ ^% s/f]8 ¿k}ofFa/fa/sf] (( nfv ¿k}ofFeGbf sd /sdsf] r]s
a}s
+ n] cfufdL cfly{s jif{ @)*!–*@ g} ;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;fdfg lsGbflsGb} ahf/ efp g} ;f]xL k| l tj] b gn] a} + s tyf ljQLo j6f / /]ld6\ofG; sDkgLaf6 ! ca{ !! lSnol/ª sf/f]af/df eg] ;DalGwt a}s +
sf] df}lb|s gLltsf nflu c;f/ !^ ;fdfGo ¿kdf eGg'kbf{ d'bf| k|bfo cg';f/ sfod x'g uO{ :jtM d"Noj[l4 ;+:yfx¿af6 x'g] z+sf:kb sf/f]af/df s/f]8 ¿k}ofFa/fa/sf] !%^ j6f z+sf:kb tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfˆgf u|fxs;Fu
ut]leq ;'emfj dfu]sf] lyof] . cyf{t d'bf| cfk"lt{ lgoGq0f ug{sf] nflu x'G5 . o:tf] ;d:of gcfcf];\ eGgfsf j[l4 ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . /fi6« a}s + sf] sf/f]af/ u/]sf] e]l6Psf] 5 . s'g} lsl;dsf] z'Ns lng kfpFbg} g\ .
o;}aLr g]kfn /fi6« a}s+ sf ueg{/ agfOg] gLlt df}lb|s gLlt xf] . df}lb|s vflt/ g]kfn /fi6« a}s
F n] l;dLt dfqfdf ljQLo hfgsf/L PsfO -PkmcfO{o_" n] o:t} hLjg ladf sDkgLdf of] jif{ g] k fn /fi6« a} + s sf] ljQLo
dxfk|;fb clwsf/Ln] ah]6n] lnPsf gLlt s'g} klg d'ns ' sf] s]Gb|Lo a}s
+ n] dfq} ahf/df /sd k7fpF5 . o;/L ;g\ @)@# df z+sf:kb sf/f]af/ %& #^ s/f]8 ¿k}ofFa/fa/sf @^ j6f ;dfj] l ztf tyf u| f xs ;+ / If0f
nIox¿ k|flKt ug{ ;3fp k'Ug]u/L lgdf{0f ub{5 . g]kfndf klg g]kfn /fi6« d'bf| k|bfo lgoGq0fdf /xFbf d'Noj[l4 k|ltztn] a9]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . ;g\ sf/f]af/ z+sf:kb e]l6Fbf e'QmfgL k|bfos dxfzfvfn] ljQLo ;]jfsf z'Nsaf/]
cfufdL df}lb|s gLlt cfpg] atfPsf a}s
+ n] df}lb|s gLlt agfpFb} cfPsf] lgoGq0fdf /xg] / cGttM d'bf| l:kmtL @)@) df a} + s tyf ljQLo ;]jf -O;]jf, vNtL nufotsf l8lh6n hfgsf/ eO{ ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{
5g . sf7df8f}d+ f cfof]lht sfo{qmddf 5 . dflg;;Fu cfjZostfeGbf a9L Joj:yfkg x'g] x'G5 . oL s'/fx¿sf] ;+:yfx¿af6 ! xhf/ !)# j6f jfn]6_af6 @!! j6f / k]dG] 6 l;:6d cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 .
@)*! ;fn c;f/ @# ut] cfOtaf/ 5

‘cfh;Dd s'g} klg dxfg cfGbf]ng ljgf/Qmkft z'? ePsf] 5}g’


;dfhjfbLx¿sf] cfGbf] n gsf] d]/f] ljrf/df o;sf] dtna xf]– w]/} ;do nfUg]5, t/ d olt rflxF ta xfdL ljb]zL ;+u7gx¿nfO{ ;Nnfx t ePsf] lyof] g}, xf]Og / < x' g ] 5 . k| m fG;;F u ;Ddfghgs
clGtd p2] Z o >dsf jt{dfg ;dfh Joj:yfnfO{ pv]n/] ˆofFSg' . eGg;S5'– olb hd{gLsf] dWodju{df lbGYof} + . xfdL Go" o f] s { s f s] x L – xf] xh"/, xf] . d}n] kq n]v]sf] zflGtsf] ;dy{gdf ;efx¿ ug]{ /
;fwgx¿nfO{ ;dfhsf] xfd|f] ljrf/ s] 5 eg] jt{dfg 3g3f]/ sfo/tf gePsf] eP pgLx¿ ;d" x x¿nfO{ OG6/g] z gnaf6 lyPF . -lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu 3f]if0ffkq lgsfNg] sfd u/]jfkt
;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ¿kdf km]g{' Joj:yfdf Psflt/ k'FhLkltx¿sf] a]nfot / cd]l/sfsf] dWodju{sf] cnUofpgsf nflu klg ljjz ePsf dfS;{sf] k|l;4 lstfa …k|mfG;df hd{gLsf ;f]zn 8]df]qm]l6s kf6L{dfly
g} t xf] lg < xftdf k'FhL / e"ld 5 clg csf]{lt/ ;dfg ePsf eP ;/sf/lj?4 ug{k' g]{ lyof}+ . tLdWo] Dof8d j'8xnsf] k|efj u[xo'4Ú k9\gx' f]nf_ vf;u/L pgLx¿sf] hd{g ;/sf/n] bdg u¥of] / kf6L{sf
xf], kSs} xf], xfdL s] eG5f}+ eg] dhb'/x¿;Fu Pp6f ahf/sf] a:t'sf] ;a} /fhg}lts sfd pgLx¿n] g} ePsf] Pp6f u"6 klg lyof] . of] ;g\ af/]df k|d'v cvaf/x¿sf d'Vo cg]s g]tfx¿nfO{ s}b u¥of] . km]l/
cfGbf]ngsf] kl/0ffd o:t} x'g]5 . ¿kdf a]Rgsf nflu >dzlQm dfq} ug{k' b{Yof] . !*&! sf] s'/f xf] . To:tf cd]l/sL n]vx¿df h'g e"m7 n]lvPsf] lyof], klg ToxL kf6L{sf k|ltlglwx¿n] g}
t/ To;sf] nflu ;do, lzIff / OG6/g]zgnjfbLx¿aLr /fhgLlt1x¿ w]/} 5g\, hf] To; To;sf] t'ngfdf d}n] pgLx¿k|lt hd{g ;+;b\df k|mfG;sf k|fGtx¿
pRr:t/ ePsf ;fdflhs nf;fnjfbLx¿sf] ;+Vof slt xf]nf < cfGbf]ngaf6 nfe p7fpg rfxG5g\ . ;xfg'e"lt;lxt s]xL n]v]sf] lyPF . hah{:tL x8\k/] hd{gLdf ldnfPsf]df
;+:yfx¿sf] h?/t x'g]5 . nf;fnsf] s'g} kf6L{ 5}g . xfd|f] d pgLx¿sf] gfd lng rfxGg . t/, tL cvaf/x¿sf ;DkfbsLo hf]8\bf/ lj/f]w ul//x]sf 5g\ .
tkfO{x+ ¿sf] of] 3f]if0ffkq / df]rf{ ;+u7gdf nf;fnsf] l;4fGtdfly cd]l/sL ;dfhjfbLx¿ pgLx¿nfO{ n]vx¿df k]l/; sDo'gsf] af/]df h"g la:dfs{n] zlQm k|of]u u/]/
s]jn hd{gL jf s]xL To:t} Ps–b'O6{ f ljZjf; ug]{ s]xL dflg;x¿ 5g\, t/ /fd|/L g} lrGb5g\ . e"m7 k|rf/ ul/Psf] lyof], To;sf] cfˆgf gLltx¿ nfu' u/] . clg
b] z x¿sf] nflu dfq pkof] u L pgLx¿sf] ;+Vof w]/} g} sd 5 . 8f=dfS;{ Û s] klg elgG5 eg] v08gsf nflu c+u|]hL cvjf/x¿df dflg;x¿n] pgsf] a'l4sf] tf/Lkm
x'g5 ] g\ . nf;fnnfO{ xfd|f ;fdfGo l;4fGtx¿sf] tkfO{s + f cg'ofoLx¿sf ;fy} tkfO{n + ] 5flkPsf k]l/;af;Lx¿sf kqx¿ g} u/] . n8fOF eof] , clg ha
jfx Û olb tkfO{+ oxL 3f]if0ffkq cg'dfg lyof] . To;}n] ha pgn] ;g\ wd{sf] lj?4 cfuf] cf]sNg] vfnsf] sfkmL ;Ifd 5g\ . sDo"gsf] sf/0fn] la:df{ssf] ljhosf ;+efjgfx¿
dfq} k9]/ xfd|f] af/]df glthf lgsfNg] !*$* sf 36gfx¿ kl5 hu}bl] v efif0f lbg'ePsf] 5 . lgZro g} tkfO{+ sl/a ^) hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof], ;dfKt eP, ta dfq dflg;x¿n]
k|of; ug{x' G' 5 eg] d eG5'– tkfO{+ cfˆgf ultljlwx¿ z'?ubf{ sNkgf rfxg'xG' 5– jt{dfg Joj:yf ;Dk"0f{ hals dfz{n d]sdf]xg / To;sf] pgLaf6 gofF ljrf/x¿sf] cfzf u/] .
xfd|f] ;+u7gsf ultljlwx¿sf] af/]df u/]sf lyP– cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgx¿df ¿kdf ;d"n aaf{b xf];\ Û xTof/f ;]gfn] ^) xhf/eGbf a];L t/, o; sfddf pgL g/fd|/L c;kmn
s]xL klg hfGg ;Sg'xG' g . :ki6 5– dhb'/x¿sf] ;xof]usf] jsfnt u/]/ -Ps} If0f /f]lsP/_ xfdLnfO{ yfxf dflg;x¿sf] xTof u¥of] . sDo'gdfly eP . pgLdfly dflg;x¿sf] ljZjf;
o; 3f]if0ffkqsf s}of}+ s'/fx¿sf]
hd{gLeGbf aflx/ s'g} dxTj 5}g .
sfn{ d fS; cfˆgf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ km]l/ Psk6s w]/}
;kmntfk"js { rnfpg ;lsg]5 . of]
5– wd{sf] lj?4 lx+;fTds sf/jfxL
ug{' lg/y{s 5 . ;dfhjfbsf] ljsf;
hlt lxnf] 5\ o flkof] , Tolt t
cfh;Dd s'g} klg c? cfGbf]ngdfly
sd x'gyfNof] . pgsf] nf]slk|otf
36\gyfNof] . pgnfO{ wg rflxPsf]
:k]g, ?;, a]nfot / cd]l/sfdf tL rflxF dhb'/x¿nfO{ km]l/ ;lqmo kfg]{ ;Fu;Fu} wd{ ufoa x'Fb} hfg]5 . /, 5\oflkPsf] 5}g . 5 / /fHonfO{ klg wgsf] h?/t
b]zsf cf–cfˆgf ljz]if sl7gfO 5 . of] Joj:yf klg Pp6f To:tf] pgsf] sf]lzz lyof] . o;nfO{ pgL wd{sf] nf]k ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] h] x f] ; \ , s] ;dfhjfb Nofpgsf 5 . To;}n] Pp6f agfj6L ;+ljwfgsf]
cg'¿k df]rf{ / ;+u7gx¿ ag]sf P]ltxfl;s cj:yf xf], h'g ;dfKt cfGbf]ngsf] jf:tljs p2]Zo k"/f ug]{ sf/0fn] x'g'kb{5 . / o;df lzIffsf] nflu ;dfhjfbLx¿ xTof / lgx'dF f pgn] PsLs/0f / ;]gf;DaGwL
5g\ . tL ;a} ;+u7gx¿aLr ;dfgtf x'gk} 5{ / To;sf] 7fpFdf of]eGbf a];L ;fwg g} ;+emGy] . pgsf] o:tf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'g'kb{5 . /Qmkftsf] jsfnt u5{ g \ < cfˆgf of] h gfx¿sf nflu
eg]sf] s]jn p2]Zo dfq} xf], h'g xfdL pGgt ;fdflhs Joj:yf sfod cfzosf] lr¶L d;Fu 5 . tkfO+ { af] : 6gsf kfb/L s' s nfO{ cfh;Dd s'g} klg dxfg cfGbf]ng hgtfdfly sDd/} efFRg] vfnsf] s/
;a} k|fKt ug{ rfxG5f}+ . x'gk} 5{ . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5– ;a} 7fpFdf s] tkfO{+ o;nfO{ pgsf] /fdjf0f lrGg' x ' G 5 < ljgf/Qmkft z' ? ePsf] 5} g . nufP . clg clxn] pgL ;+ljwfgnfO{
Tof] p2]Zo eg]sf] s] dhb'/ju{sf] ;dfh ju{ x ¿df ljeflht 5 . eGg rfxg'x'G5 < d}n] pgsf] af/]df s]xL ;'gs ] f] 5' . cd]l/sfsf] :jtGqtfsf nflu /ut g} /2Lsf] 6f]s/Ldf ˆofFs/] hgtfdfly
k|e'Tj sfod ug{' xf] < cfw' l gs cf} B f] l us b] z x¿df lglZrt ¿kn] . pgn] la:dfs{;uF ;dfhjfbsf] ;DaGwdf pgsf] hfgsf/L aUof] . g] k f] l nogn] /Qmkfts} c? a];L s/ nufpg rfxG5g\ .
xf]Og xh"/ . Tof] p2]Zo xf]– cf}Bf]lus ;fwgx¿sf] ljsf; ;Fu;Fu} e]6], cfˆgf] of]hgfsf] af/]df pgL;Fu w]/} g} unt lsl;dsf] 5 . xfn}sf] dfWodaf6 k|mfG;dfly sAhf u/] / hgtfdfly dgk/L 9+ u n] s/
dhb'/ju{sf] d'lQm . k'h
F Lklt / dhb'/ju{ aLrsf] cfk;L rrf{ u/] . clg la:dfs{n] To;a]nf cfˆgf] efif0fdf pgn] eg]sf lyP– æ8f To;/L g} pgsf] cGTo eof] . O6nL, nufpgsf nflu ca pgn]
s] o" / f] k sf ;dfhjfbLx¿ j} d g:o klg al9/x] s f] 5 . x/t/xn] nf;fnsf ultljlwx¿nfO{ dfS;{ eG5g\, cd]l/sf, u|6] la|6g] / a]nfot, hd{gL / oxfF;Dd ls x/]s ;dfhjfbsf] xf}jf v8f ul//x]sf 5g\
cd] l /sL dhb' / cfGbf] n gnfO{ ;dfhjfbLx¿sf] b[li6sf]0fdf jt{dfg a9fjf lbP . zfob k|mfG;df ljgf /Qm/+lht qmflGt b]zdf o; s'/fsf] ;a"t–k|df0f km]nf / b+uf–km;fbsf] l:ylt l;h{gf ug{
dxTjk" 0 f{ dfGb5g\ < P]ltxfl;s cj:yfdf qmflGtsf] tTj o:tf] ug{ ' s f] k5fl8 la:dfs{ s f] g} dhb'/x¿sf] bzfdf ;'wf/ x'g5 ] . kg]{5g\ . olb xTofs} af/]df ljrf/ ;se/ k|of; ul//x]sf 5g\ .
xf] xh" / . cd] l /sL dhb" / ljBdfg 5 . s}of}+ b]zx¿df dhb'/ p2]Zo s] lyof] < t/, hd{gL, O6nL, ?; / cli6«ofdf ug]{ xf] eg] klg of] s'g} gofF rLh s] tkfO{ + n fO{ aln{ g af6 nuftf/
cfGbf] n g Tof] b] z sf] ljsf;sf] o"lgogx¿sf] cfwf/df /fhgLlts pgL !*$* sf] lab|fx] e8\sfpg] cjZo /Qmkft x'g5 ] .Æ -8f=dfS;{n] xf]Og . cf]l;{gLn] g]kf]lnogsf] xTof ;"rgf k|fKt eO/x]sf] 5 <
:jfefljs kl/0ffd xf] . s] klg elgG5 ;+u7gx¿ klg lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . dWodju{lj?4 dhb'/ju{nfO{ k|of]u d':s'/fpFb} eGg'eof]_ s'g} klg ;dfhn] ug]{ k|of; u/], O;fO{x¿n] xTof u/], xf] xh"/, d]/f ;fyLx¿n] dnfO{
eg] ToxfF ljb]zLx¿åf/f aflx/af6 cd]l/sfdf klg dhb'/ju{sf] cfˆg} ug{ rfxGy] . s] s'/f 3f]if0ff ug{' h?/L 5}g eg] qmfda]nsf] hdfgfdf Ko"l/6gx¿n] a/fa/ ;" r gf k7fO/x] s f 5g\ .
cfGbf]ng NofOPsf] xf] . cfheGbf %) Pp6f kf6L{ agfpg' h?/L 5 . s] elgG5 eg] tkfO{+ ;dfhjfbsf ?;, hd{gL, cli6«of ljz]ifu/L O6nLdf xTof u/] . / jf:tljstf s] xf] eg] hd{gL cfhef]ln k"/} zfGt 5 / o;n]
jif{cufl8 ha a]nfotdf dhb'/ dhb' / x¿n] ca k] z ] j / cWoIf / g]tf x'gx' G' 5 / tkfO{+ oxfFaf6, olb jt{dfg ;/sf/L gLltx¿ rln/x] /fhfx¿n] hlt xTof u/], Tolt t ubf{ la:dfs{ k"/} b'Mlvt ePsf 5g\ .
cfGbf]ngsf] ¿k h'emf? x'g yfn]sf] /fhgLlt1x¿dfly c? a];L e/f];f cfˆgf] 3/af6, cfhef]lnsf ;a} eg] /Qm/+lht qmflGt clgjfo{ x'g5 ] , c? s;}n] klg u/]sf 5}gg\ . oL ;a} pgn] x];n ] dg, /fsf]a / jfFdg cflb
lyof], ta oxfF klg To:t} elgPsf] ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . ;f+;bx¿ u"6afhLsf] k|sf/sf ;+u7gx¿ / qmflGtx¿sf] k|mflG;;L qmflGtsf 36gfx¿ tL xTofx¿ jf xTofsf k| o f;x¿ $* hgf o'jf g]tfx¿nfO{ hd{gLaf6
lyof] / of] s'/f ;dfhjfbsf] rrf{ lzsf/ ePsf 5g\ / ;+;b To:t}sf] ;~rfng ug{'x'G5 . o; ;DGwadf b]zx¿df bf]xf]¥ofOg]5g\ . of] t ;dfhjfb cfpg'eGbf cufj} ePsf lgisflzt u/]sf 5g\ . -afa]nsf]
x'g yfNg'eGbf cufj}sf] s'/f xf] . cv8f ePsf] 5 . /fhgLlt Joa;fo tkfO{+ s]xL eGg rfxg'xG' 5 ls < /fhgLltsf s'g} klg ljBfyL{n] a'‰g x'g\ . cfh olb s;}n] klg /fhsLo cfTdsyfcg' ; f/ ^! hgf
cd]l/sfdf ;g\ !*%& b]lv g} dhb'/ ePsf] 5 . of] bzf cd]l/sfdf dfq -xn'sf d':sfg;lxt_– dnfO{ o; ;S5 . t/, qmflGtx¿ ax'dtåf/f jf ;/sf/L JolQmsf] xTofsf] k|of; g]tfx¿nfO{ b]z–lgsfnfsf] ;hfoF
cfGbf]ng k|efjzfnL x'g nfu]sf] xf] . xf]Og, a? o"/f]ksf] klg o:t} xfn ;DaGwdf hfgsf/L 5 . dnfO{ nfU5– x'g5] g\ . qmflGt Pp6f kf6L{n] dfq ug{ u/]df To;sf] lhDd]jf/L ;dfhjfbsf] lbOPsf] lyof] . pgLx¿dWo]
To;kl5 dhb'/ o"lgogx¿ kmNg– 5 . km/s s] dfq} xf] eg] of] Psbd cy{xLg s'/f xf], t/ o;df ;Sb}g, a? l;+uf] /fi6«n] qmflGt ub{5 . 6fpsf]df yf]k/Llbg] rng a9]sf] 5 . clwsf+zn] $* 306fleq hd{gL
k" m Ng yfn] . To;kl5 To:tf o"/f]kaf;Lx¿sf] t'ngfdf cd]l/sL Pp6f dgf] / ~hs kIf klg 5 . To; cfb/0fLo JolQmn] !*&! jt{dfg l:yltdf hd{g ;d|f6sf] 5f] 8 \ g ' k¥of] . o:tf] nfU5–
dhb'/;efx¿sf] lgdf{0f x'gyfNof], hgtf s]xL a];L ;fjwfg / b[9 xf]bt] sf] k|of;eGbf b'O{ dlxgfcufl8 df k]l/;sf sDo'lgi6nfO{ n]lvPsf] d[To'af6 ;dfhjfbLx¿ w]/} g} b'Mlvt ;+jfbbftfn] $* 306fsf] ;donfO{
h;af6 ljleGg pBf]ux¿df sfd ug]{ lgZro ePsf dflg;x¿ x' g \ . la:dfs{n] cfˆgf] klqsf …gy{ hd{g Pp6f kqsf] Ps c+z pNn]v u/]sf x'g]5g\ . cfˆgf] 7fpFdf pgL lgs} lgisflztx¿sf] ;+Vof 7fGg k'u] .–
dhb'/x¿aLr Pstf sfod eof] . cd] l /sfdf ;a} s f] /x:o t' ? Gt} uh]6Ú df d]/f] lj?4 u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\, h;df tkfO{+n] n]Vg'ePsf] 5– pkfof] u L JolQm x' g \ / cGo cg'_ tL g]tfx¿n] To;a]nf hd{gLsf
/, cGTodf /fli6«o dhb'/ ;+3sf] v'N5 . dxf;fu/sf] jfl/ hlt zAb– lyP– d}n] h];O' 6 cfGbf]ngsf g]tf æclxn] xfdL s]jn #) nfv 5f}+, /fhgLlt1x¿sf] t'ngfdf la:dfs{ dhb' / x¿nfO{ zfGt kfl//fv] s f
:yfkgf eof] . olb tkfO{n + ] of] qmlds cf8Dj/ / df/sf6 5, Tolt ptf kmfb/ a}+s;Fu ldlneut u/]/x]sf] cfpFbf] @) jif{df % s/f]8 jf !) cfˆgf cltjfbL sf/jfxLx¿sf lyP . la:dfs{nfO{ of] s'/f yfxf
ljsf;dfly Wofg lbg' e of] eg] kfl/lt/ 5}g . 5' . clg xfdL b'jn } ] ldn]/ ;dfhjfbL s/f]8 x'g]5f}+, ta ;+;f/ xfd|f] x'g]5, sf/0fn] xfd|f p2]Zox¿sf nflu w]/} lyof] . pgnfO{ s] klg yfxf lyof]
tkfO{+nfO{ yfxf x'g]5– ljb]zLx¿sf] hd{ g Ldf ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ s f] cfGbf]ngnfO{ o:tf] ¿k lbO/x]sf xf},+ lsgls ta k] l /;, lnof] + ; , g} pkof]uL ;fljt ePsf 5g\ . eg] To;a]nf zx/df sl/a &%
d2tljgf g} cd]l/sfdf ;dfhjfb tLa| t fk" j { s ePsf] ljsf;sf] tfls la:dfs{n] of] cfGbf]ng;Fu s'g} df/;]lnhdf dfq} 3[l0ft k'FhLsf] la:dfs{ s f] af/] d f tkfO{ + s f] xhf/ dhb'/x¿ ef]sd/Lsf] lzsf/
k}bf eof] / Tof] k'FhLsf] s]Gb|Ls/0f sf/0f s] xf] < ;DaGw /fVg g;s"g\ . lj?4 ljb|f]x x'g] xf]Og, a? aln{g, cfˆgf] d"Nof+sg s] 5 < eO/x]sf lyP . pgsf] cg'dfg lyof]–
tyf dhb'/ Pj+ dflnssf] abln+bf] hd{gLsf] jt{dfg ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ t/ n08gaf6 tkfO{ + s f] Do"lgv, 8«];8]g, n08g, lne/k"n, ha;Dd g]kf]lnogsf] ktg ePsf] tL g] t fx¿ hd{ g Laf6 aflx/
;DaGwsf sf/0f ;+ej eof] . w]/} g} gofF kf6L{ xf] . a]nfot / k|mfG;df cGt/f{ l i6« o ;dfhn] cfGbf] n g DofGr]:6/, a|;]N;, ;]G6 kL6;{ju{, lyPg, ta;Dd pgL Pp6f hfgf;fy hgtf a]r}g eP/ ljb|f]x
ca tkfO{+ s] atfpg';\ eg] tkfO{+sf] em} + hd{ g Ldf sfNklgs t ;+rfng ul//x]s} 5 lg < Go"of]s{ cyf{t\ ;Dk"0f{ ;+;f/df To:tf k|ltlqmofjfbL JolQm dflgGy] . t/, ug{ yfNg]5g\ / cfk"mnfO{ /utsf]
;dfhjfbn] clxn] ; Dd s] – s] ;dfhjfbLx¿sf] ljrf/wf/fsf] s'g} cGt/f{li6«o ;dfhsf] pkof]lutf lab|f]xx¿ x'g]5g\ . clxn];Ddsf] ha g]kf]lnogsf] ktg eof], dflg;x¿ xf]nL v]Ng] ;'j0f{ cj;/ k|fKt x'g5] .
u¥of] < k|efj klxn]b]lv ljBdfg lyPg . ca ;dfKt eO;s]sf] 5 / ca Oltxf;sf] o; ce"tk"j{ ljb|f]xsf] pgnfO{ d"v{ eGg yfn] . la:dfs{sf] l;+uf] hd{g ;fd|fHodf bdg–rqm
b' O { j 6} s' / f ePsf 5g\ . hd{gLjfnfx¿ l;4fGt /rgf ug]{ To;sf] s'g} cl:tTj 5}g . klxn] ;fd'Gg] ctLt eofgs g/fd|f] ;kgf klg ToxL bzf x' g ] 5 . pgn] tLa|tfk"j{s rNg]5 / pgnfO{ cfˆgf]
;dfhjfbLx¿n] k'h F L / >dsf] Jofks sfo{df c?eGbf cln a];L g} s'zn To;sf] cl:tTj lyof] / To;sf] h:t} ufoa x'g]5, lsgls cg]s PsLs/0fsf] lgx'Fdf tfgfzfxLsf] …/Qmkft tyf bdg–rqmÚsf] lk|o
;+3if{sf] af6f] b]vfPsf 5g\ . cyf{t\ 5g\ . ljutsf cg'ejx¿af6 l;s]/ dfWodaf6 cfGbf]ngsf] ;+rfng klg 7fpF d f PSs} r f] l 6 nufOPsf] of] :yfkgf u/], t/ clxn] pgsf sfnf l;4fGtnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ¿kdf Jojxf/df
To;nfO{ ljZjJofkL agfPsf 5g\ . hd{gLjfnfx¿n] s]xL lg0f{o u/] . x'GYof] . t/, xfnsf s]xL jif{x¿df cfuf]n] ctLtsf] cfuf]nfO{ e:d s/t"tx¿sf] /x:o dflg;x¿nfO{ nfu' ug] { df} s f k| f Kt x' g ] 5 .
o;} s f] kmn:j¿k ;+ ; f/e/sf tkfO{n + fO{ yfxf 5 xf]nf– o"/f]ksf c? ;dfhjfbsf] ljsf; olt w]/} eO;s]sf] ug]{5 .Æ 8f= dfS;{ Û s] oxfFn] o:tf] yfxf eO;s]sf] 5 . pgsf] kl5Nnf] To;kl5 t hgtfdfly dgk/L 9+un]
dhb' / x¿aLr Pstfsf] ljrf/ b]zx¿sf] t'ngfdf of] k"FhLjfbL 5 ls ca OG6/g]zgnsf] s'g} h?/t kq n]Vg'ePsf] ;fFrf] xf] < rfn /fHo–ljKnj ug]{ Pp6f k|of; s/ nufpg klg ;lhnf] x'g]5 . t/,
hlGdPsf] 5 . /, ljrf/ clxn] c? Joj:yf hd{gLsf] nflu w]/} g} gofF g} /x]g . clxn] ljleGg b]zx¿df o;sf] Pp6f zAb klg d}n] n]vs ] f] lyof] . t/, Tof] klg c;kmn x'g]5 . clxn];Dd ToxfF s'g} b+uf–km;fb
a];L cfjZos ePsf] 5, lsgls Joj:yf xf] . ha hd{ g Lsf cvjf/x¿ k|sflzt eO/x]sf 5g\ . xf]Og . d o:tf] clt gf6sLotfn] k| m fG;sf ;dfhjfbLx¿n] h:t} ePsf] 5}g . la:dfs{ o:tf] l:ylt
k'FhLkltx¿n] dhb'/sf] axfnLsf dhb"/x¿n] ;dfhjfbL ljrf/nfO{ ltgLx¿aLr cfk;df cfbfg–k|bfg el/Psf cgu{n k|nfkx¿ slxn] klg hd{gLsf ;dfhjfbLx¿n] klg !*&) b]v]/ x}/fg eO/x]sf 5g\ . / ;a}
nflu ;+;f/e/sf dhb'/x¿dfly c+uLsf/ u/], ta a]nfot / k|mfG;df klg eO/x]sf 5g\ . ljleGg b]zx¿df n]lVbg . d h] hlt n]Vb5', clt g} sf] o'4nfO{ b'O{ /fhj+zx¿sf] sf]/f /fhgLlt1x¿ pgnfO{ xf:okfq
cfFvf nfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sfdf k'/fgf eO;s]sf k|Zgx¿ hd{gLdf sfd ul//x]sf kf6L{x¿aLr cfk;L w]/} ;f]rljrf/ u/]/ n]Vb5' . To;a]nf o' 4 ;+ e m] / To;sf] lj/f] w u/] . agfP/ p8fO/x]sf 5g\ .
dfq} xf]Og, a]nfot, k|mfG;, / hd{gLsf gofFgofF ¿kdf p7\g yfn] . clg tL ;DaGwsf] oxL g} Psdfq dfWod xf] . of] kq …n lkmu/f]Ú -k|mfG;sf] Pp6f pgLx¿n] hd{gLnfO{ ;fjwfg ub}{ cd] l /sL l/klAnsgx¿sf]
k' F h Lkltx¿n] ;d] t :jb] z L b]zx¿df pTkGg ePsf /fhgLlts cGt/f{li6«o ;dfhsf] :yfkgf s]sf] cvjf/_df d]/f] hfnL x:tfIf/sf ;fy cfˆgf] 3f]if0ff–kqdf eg]–olb hgtfn] cvaf/ …lzsfuf] l6«Ao'gÚ sf Ps
dhb'/x¿lj?4 ljb]zL dhb'/x¿nfO{ k| e fjx¿sf] c;/ hd{ g Lsf nflu ul/Psf] lyof] eg] dhb'/x¿nfO{ 5flkPsf] lyof] . To;a]nf o:tf ;of}+ o; tyfslyt ;'/IffTds n8fOFnfO{ ;Djfbbftfn] sfn{ dfS;{;Fu pgsf]
pkof]u ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . o;af6 s] dhb'/x¿sf] hLjgdfly klg k¥of] . ;+ul7t ug{ ;lsof];\ / ljleGg /fi6«sf kqx¿ xfjfdf p8fOPsf lyP . d}n] ljho–cleofgsf] ¿klng lbPdf n08gl:yt cfˆg} 3/df lnPsf]
;fljt eof] eg] ;dfhjfb s'g} :yfgLo To;}n] cfw'lgs cf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf] dhb'/sf ;+u7gx¿df cfk;L Pstf To;a]nf …n08g 6fOD;Údf n]v]sf] pgLx¿ ;}lgs tfgfzfxLsf] bdgsf] cGtjf{tf{ h'g, !*&( sf] ( h"gdf
;d:of xf]Og /x]5 . /, o;sf] ;dfwfg z'?jft;Fu;Fu} ToxfFsf dhb'/x¿n] sfod ug{ ;lsof];\ . x/]s b]zsf lyPF– æoL kqx¿ hfnL x'g\ .Æ t/ lzsf/ x' g ] 5 g\ . / ls;fg– …lzsfuf] l6«Ao"gÚdf k|sflzt ePsf]
t ;+;f/e/sf dhb'/x¿ Ps eP/ cfˆg} :jtGq /fhgLlts kf6L{ agfP . dhb'/ ;+u7gx¿sf] cf–cfˆg} vfn] d]/f] af/]df hlt w]/} e"m7f] k|rf/ ul/of] dhb' / x¿dfly lgd{ d cTofrf/ lyof] – ;Dkfbs
ug{'kg]{ /x]5 . dhb'/ju{ cfˆgf] hd{gLsf] ;+;b\df pgLx¿sf cfˆg} lxtx¿ 5g\, h'g c?;Fu leGg 5g\ . / c;To n]lvof], olb d}n] tL ;a}
cfGbf]ngsf p2]Zox¿sf] af/]df 1fg
gx'bF f gx'bF } klg cfkm;] cfkm nuftf/
k|ltlglw lyP . ;/sf/sf gLltx¿sf]
lj/f]w ug]{ csf]{ s'g} bn lyPg, To;}n]
To;} n ] n08gdf al;/x] s f
OG6/g]zgnsf g]tfx¿sf] sfnf] 5fofF
e"m7x¿sf] v08g ul//x]+ eg] To;sf]
nflu dnfO{ aL; hgf ;xfosx¿sf]
;fj{ h lgs :yfgdf
cufl8 al9/x] s f]
;dfhjfbLx¿n] t cfGbf]ngsf] rl/q
5 . Tof] lhDd]jf/L klg dhb'/x¿s}
k|ltlglwx¿sf] sfFwdfly cfOk/]sf]
x/]s 7fpFdf 3'Dgyfn]sf] s'/f dgu9Gt
5 . s] s'/f ;To xf] eg]– ha
h?/t x'g]5 .
t/, tkfO{ + n ] k] l /;sf
w" d | k fg u/] d f sfg' g L
/ p2]Zo atfpg] sfd u/]sf x'g\ . lyof] . o; kf6L{sf] ¿k/]vfaf/] atfpg OG6/g]zgnsf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof], sDo' l gi6x¿sf] ;dy{ g df n] V g' sf/jfxLdf kl/G5 .
6 @)*! ;fn c;f/ @# ut] cfOtaf/

:j]6 df8{gsf] s[lt …j}1flgs ;kmntfÚ lgofNbf


Ø qmf]wn] d'9tf pTkGg hLjgnfO{ ;'vL agfpg ;S5, M /f] u L / s' ¿ k . d' : s' / fx6 af6} ha;Dd 5f]8\g' x'Gg / k|;Gg /xg] :jod cfˆgf] dhfs p8fpF5 . c?n] ;'GGf ;Sg' x'G5 . tkfO+{ klg cg'ej
x'G5, d'9tfaf6 :d[lt e|flGt x'G5, ;'s/ft . h;n] qmf]wdfly plrt cg'xf/ ;'Gb/ jG5 . ha tkfO+{ afgL a;fpg' x'Gg, ta;Dd hLjgsf] p;sf] xfF;f] slxNo} p8fpFbg} g\ . s]xL ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 . tkfO{+ klg ;+uLtdo
:d[lt e|fGt x'gfn] a'l4sf] gfz x'G5 lgoGq0f /fVg ;S5, pxLg} :ju{sf] lb3{sfn;Dd lhpg rfxfg' x'G5 / ;fFrf] cfgGb k|fKt ug{ ;Sg' x'Gg . dflg;n] si6df klg cfgGbsf] s'g} x'g ;Sg' x'G5 . ;+uLt ?v lj?jfnfO{
/ a'l4 gi6 x'gfn] k|f0fL cfkm} gi6 ;fFRff] clwsf/L xf M s'/fg . h;n] xf;L xf];L lhpg rfxg' x'G5, ta slxn]sfxLF kl/l:yltjz xfdLx¿ g s'g} ls/0f kfpF5g\ . pgLx¿ klg dg k5{ . b'w lbg] kz'nfO{ klg
x'G5 M efujtuLtf . s'g} tk:jL qmf]wdf ljnDa u5{, p dxfg ljj]s lsg xfF:g' x'GGf < lsg tkfO+{sf] Nfrf/ x'G5f}F / xfF:g sl7g x'G5 . ;d:ofsf] ;dodf klg ufnL dgk5{ . ;+ u Ltsf] dfWodn]
eP/ clt qmf]lw eof] eg] ;dfhdf ;DkGg xf] t/ h;df pQmfpnf]kgf cg'xf/df xfF:ff] 5}g < lsg tkfO{+ d':sfg n'Kt x'G5, jz rNb}g ta u'gu'gO{/x]sf x'G5g\ t/ o:tf klg k|;Ggtfsf] nx/ jftfj/0fdf 3'N5 .
p;sf] ;DDffg x'g] 5}g M rf0fSo . 5, p d'vt{ fsf] pkf;s xf] M afOan . x/ ;do pbf;, a]r}g, lrGtt / klg of] ;f]Rg'k5{ eujfg / dfgj dflg; 5g\, hf] xfF:g] s'/fdf klg ;+ u Ltdo hLjg ckgfpg' ; \ .
;HHfgsf] qmf]w kfgLdf tflgPsf] /]vf qmf]wsf] ;jf]{Qd cf}ifwL ljnDa xf] M ;+z;sf] l:yltdf /xg' x'G5 < lrGtf k|lt ltd|f] s]xL st{Jo 5 . tL st{Jo r'krfk / alx/f emF} x'g]5g\ . h:tf] ;+uLtdo hLjgsf] af/]df elgb} 5
;dfg 5, h'g l56} ljn'Kt x'G5 M ;]g]sf . q"m4 dflg;sf] d'v t v'NNff tkfO+{ 5f]8\g ;Sg' x'G5, ;+zofTds dWo] Ps st{Jo ;j}n] k|oTg ug{' xfF;f]sf] of] s'/f ;'g]sf] gxf];\ of Tof] eg] of] s'/f klg :jLsf/ ug{';\ .
/fds[i0f k/dx;+ . qmf]w a'l4dfgLsf] x'G5 t/ cfFvf aGb /x]sf] x'G5 M k|j[lt klg abNg hfGg'5 x'G5 . klg xf] . xfdL dfgj dfq xf}F . s'/f xfF:g] vfnsf] gxf];\ . t/ p;sf] k|;Gg lrQ eP/ sfd ug{' /fd|f] xf] .
3/af6 aflx/ lg:s]/ 9f]sfsf] r's'n cfTdf ljZjf;L klg tkfO{ x'g'x'G5 . xfdLnfO{ lbAo hLJfg hLpg] clwsf/ s'/fn] dflg; xfF;]sf xf:o} x'G5g\ . u'gu'gfpFb} ;+uLtdo x'gfn] dfgl;s
nufO{ lbG5 MKn'6fs{ . dflg;n] qmf]w tkfO+ { s f] kf] N 6fdf ;kmntf klg k|fKt 5 . xfdLn] Tof] xif{ :jLsf/ xfF : o lk| o tf :jf:Yosf] nflu tgfj sd x'G5 . sfo{sf] af]em
/fVg' x'Fb}g / hlxn] klg Ifdf lbg cfO{/x]sf] 5 t/ klg tkfO+{ lsg ug{'k5{ . nfebfos s'/f xf] . cfly{s >d, ;dfKt x'G5 .
tof/ x' g ' k 5{ , s;} n ] cfˆgf] kTy/sf] d'lt{ emF} r'krfk al;/xg' Ø xfF;L xfF;L afRg] of] klg hf8f], udL{sf] clwstfn] s'g} /f]u, Ø s] x L, ljz] i f k| s f/sf]
efO{aGw'nfO{ 3[0ff u5{eg] p xTof/f x'G5 . lsg cf7f}F k|x/ tkfO+{sf] Ps cToGt ;/n af6f] xf] . xfF;f] gzf of cfn:o k|Lotfn] klg olt larf/ t slt;Dd 3fts 5 eg]
;dfg x' G 5 M lh;; qmfOi6 . cg'xf/df xfF:ff] xF'b}g < xfF;L lhpg rfxg' x'G5 eg] cfh}bl] v xfgL k'¥ofpFb}g, hlt xfgL dfgl;s To;sf] dfgj z/L/df w]/} g/fd|f]
dflg;sf] cfr/0f s:}fsf] 3[0ff jf Ø olb tkfO+{ lrlGtt x'g' of] af6f]df cufl8 a9\g';\ . hlt;'s} Iff]e of qmf]waf6 xf/ dfg]/ x'G5 . k|efj kf5{ . t/, xfdL of] s'/fdf
qmf] w af6 aRg] pkfo xf] M eof] eg] tkfO+{sf] cg'xf/ xfFl;/xg b'Mv cfcf];\, hlt g} ;d:of cfcf];\ hf] dflg; k|;Gg lrQ /xG5g\, slt;Dd afgL kl/;s]sf x'G5f} eg]
sGˆo'l;o; . qmf]waf6 ;Ddf]xgsf] ;Sb}g eg] tkfO+{ c:j:y x'g'x'G5 . k|e' elQmdf lng x'g; ' / cfˆgf b'MvL xfF;L/xG5g\ . lt dflg; w]/} afFR5g\ . of] larf/ xfd|f] nflu 3fts 5 eGg]
hGd x'G5, ;Ddf]xgaf6 aRg vf]Hg]n] tkfO+s { f] xfF;f]sf] cg'xf/ 5 eg] tkfO+{ cfF;' k'5g';\ . k|en
' ] tkfO{n
+ fO{ ?gsf] :j:Yf eP/ pgLx¿ w]/} lbg;Dd yfxf kfP/ klg o;nfO{ cfˆgf] dgdf
qmf]wL x'gaf6 aRg' k5{ M pklgifb\ . c:j:Yf eP/ klg tkfO+{ :j:y x'g nflu k7fPsf x}gg, xfF:gsf] nflu lhpF5g\ . ha qmf]wL / lr8lr8] :yfg lbG5f} . oxfF;Dd b]lvPsf] 5,
alnof] dflg; eg]sf] /fd|f] kxndfg
xf]Og, alnof] dflg; eg]sf] Tof] xf]
ldng cfkmGt ;Sg' x'G5 . ;+;f/ h:tf] 5, To;nfO{
To:t} :jLsf/ u/]/ xfF;L xfF;L lhpg'
k7fPsf x'g\ . of] ;[li6df ;f}Gbo{
km}nfpgsf] nflu k7fPsf x'g\ . xfF:g',
:jefj ePsf] dflg; w] / } sd
lhpF5 .
s'g} dflg;sf] dgnfO{ of] ljrf/n]
w]/} 7"nf] wSsf nfU5 p;sf] x[bo
h;n] cfˆgf] qmf]wdfly lgoGgq0f Sof]6f] . efUo zAb t s0f{0otfsf] g} jf:tljs lhGbuL xf] . ef/L af]em d':sf/fpg', hLjgsf] Ps dxTjk'0f{ Ø tkfO+{ klg ;b}j d':s'/fpFb} ult /f]lsP/ d[To';Dd x'G5 . o;sf]
u5{ M df]xDdb . qmf]w a'l4dfg tyf k|lts xf] . To;}n] dgf]j}1flgs, gnfbg';\ . Tolt g} cfzf ug{';\ hlt 6lgs xf] . xfF:g' / d':s'/fpg'nfO{ g} /xg' ; \ . h:tf] ;' s } ;d:ofdf s] cy{ eof] < o;sf] ;Lwf cy{ oxL
wd{k/fo0fsf] nflu xf]Og, logLx¿ a'l4dfgn] o;nfO{ ;dosf] ;b'kof]u sf]l;; ug{} ;fdYo{ dflg;df x'G5 . lhGbuLsf] gfd lbOPsf] 5 . 3];l/Psf] eP klg hlt g} si6 xf], cs:dft s'g} b'Mv k'0f{ ljrf/n]
t pTkL8g ;xG5g\ t/ qmf]w ub{g} g\, eG5g\– df}sfsf] kmfObf p7fpg' . cfˆgf] zf/Ll/s Ifdtf / dfgl;s elgG5, lhGbuL ;fx;sf] gfd xf] . tkfO{ + s f cufl8 cfPklg lrGtf xfd|f] dgdf eoª\s/ jf/ u¥of],
c1fgL kfkLn] dfq qmf]w u5{ M o;sf] andf dflg;nn] k|ofKt zlQmn] k'0o k|of; ub{} /xg';\, d'bf{ dflg;n] s] lhpF5 . h;n] gug{';\ . oL ;f/f si6 olQms} x6]/ h;af6 xfd|f] zf/Ll/s oGq rNg
dxflj/ . qmf]wsf] xf]Og, k|]dsf] ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;S5 M:j]6 df8{g . cfzfjfg /xg';\ . t/ o:tf] cfzf cfˆgf] cg'xf/ d'bf{ ;dfg agfP/ hfg]5g\ h;/L 3fdkl5 ;'gf}nf] k|eft aGb eof] . oxL xfd|f] d[To'sf] sf/0f
;/fxgf ul/G5 . qmf]w ;+3if{ / Ø dflg;;F u a' l 4 x' G 5 . gug{; ' \ h'g s]jn ;kgf xf] . ;kgfsf] a:5, h;:fFu dflg; s'/f ug{ klg cfpF 5 . To;} n ] tkfO+ { h] sfd aGof] . sof}F k6s o:tf] klg eof],
ljgfzsf] sf/0f xf] . dflg;n] qmf]wsf] a'l4sf] sf/0f dflg; c? k|f0fL eGbf ;+;f/ agfpg' x'G5 eg] To;nfO{ k'/f 8/fpF 5 g\ . o;} n ] ;bf xfF : g' ; \ , ug{'x'G5 of ul//xg' ePsf] 5, Tof] s'g} k|f0fLn] crfgs w]/} v';Lsf] s'/f
hjfkm k|]d / bofn] lbg'k5{ M ox'bL cnu x'G5 . hgfj/ ha q"m4 x'G5, ug{sf] nflu OR5f zlQm, nug / d':sf/fpg';\ / xfF:b} d':s'/fpFb} sfd ub{} hfg';, xfF:b} d':s'/fFpb} ;'g/] p;sf] d[To' eof] . o;af6 l;4
wd{ . qmf]w zd;fgdf cfk"mnfO{ ta p s]xL g;f]rL emu8f ug{ kl/>d klg x' g ' k5{ . ;+ ; f/ hLjgsf] ;'v ef]Ug';\ . ufFpb} jftfj/0fdf ;+lutsf] :j/ nx/ x'G5 xfd|f] dl:tis v';L / b'Mv w]/}
hnfpg] cfuf] xf] u'? gfgs . yfN5 . slxn]sfxL p;sf] of] cfk;L cfheGbf w]/} ;'Gb/ x'g] lyof], olb Ø ;+lut cg'¿k g} JolQm 5b{} u'Ghfpb} hfg';\ . k+IfLsf] sn]v ePdf 7"nf] k|efj kf5{ . b'Mvsf]
Ø lj4fgsf] dt 5 –h'g emu8f Ps d[To'df uP/ /f]lsG5 . xfd|f lzIfsn] k|;GGf /xg] st{Josf] of a:t' d f kl/ljt{ g cfpF 5 M / rxrxf6df cfˆgf] :j/ 36gfn] w]/} 7"nf] k|efj kf5{, h;af6
dflg; :jod\nfO{ azdf ug{ ;S5, xfdL dflg;df klg olx s'/f b]V5f}F– kfng u/]sf eP . olb a'h'{ssf] et{[x/L . olb dflg; ;Ddfg rfxG5 ldnfpg';\ . 3f]8f / ;fF9]sf] unfdf xfd|f] x[bosf] w8sg /f]lsG5 of s'g}
p;n] ljZjnfO{ lhTg] 5 . jf:tjdf l/;df azLe't eP/ dflg;x¿ xTof cg'xf/ xfFl;/xG5, d':s'/fO/xG5 eg] eg] ;DdfgLo dflg;sf] ;+ut u/f]; afFlwPsf] 306Lsf] dw'/ cfjfh;Fu} gln k'm6\5 .
lzlIft ToxL dflg; xf], h;n] ;d]t u5{g . ;f]Rg';\ o:tf] dfgj / ;Gtfg klg k|zGg /xG5g\ . M nfa|'o/ . dnfO{ atfpg';\ tkfO{+sf] tfg ldnfpg';\ . clkm;sf] kª\vf, Ø d[To' dflg;sf] hLjgsf]
cfkm}FnfO{ azdf ug{ ;S5 . h;n] a' l 4lxg kz' d f s] cGt/ 5 < Ø ;GtfgnfO{ d':sf/fx6 klg ;fyL;+uLsf] x'g, d elGbg] 5 tkfO+{ s'n/ of d]l;gsf] WjgLdf ;+uLt cGt xf] t/ oL b'Mvbfos 36gfsf]
:jod\nfO{ jzdf u5{, ToxL dxfg\ a'l4dQmf t ta x'g] lyof], ha xfdLn] lbg';\ . tkfO+{ cfkm+} ;xgzLn aGg'; sf] xf] M u]6] . olb ltdL a'l4dfg, vf] H g' ; \ . sf/vfgfsf] d] l ;gsf] c? k| l t k| e fj klg k5{ . of]
aG5 . hLJfgdf cfTd;+od cfjZos cfˆgf] qmf]w / cfj]zdf sfa' kfpg] / aRRffnfO{ klg ;xgzLn xf]lzof/ 5f} eg] wf]s]jfhsf] ;+ut u8u8fx6, 6]g]« sf] v8\v8fx6 / sf/, lrGtfsf] sf/0f xfd|f] /ut ;'Sg
5 . h'g dflg;df cfTDf;+odsf] sdL 5fF} . qmf]wn] a'l4df kbf{ nufO{ lbG5 . agfpg';\ . ;xgzLn dflg; x/ gu/ M z]v;fbL . t'R5 ljrf/ ePsf a;sf] xg{ WjgLdf ;+uLt vf]Hg yfN5 . h;n] xfd|f] z/L/nfO{ leqleq}
x'G5, h;nfO{ ;fgf] s'/fdf l/; of] ;+;f/df 7"nf–7"nf n8fO{ h'g l:yltdf xfF:5g\ . tkfO+{sf] cg'xf/ dflg;sf] ;+ultn] dflg;n] a'l4 t'R5 ;lsG5 . clxNo} o;} ;do h'g vf]qmf] kf5, xfdL cg]s}F /f]usf]
p7\5, p;n] slxNo} cfˆgf] pRRf xhf/f}+ dflg;sf] ljgfz / ;+xf/sf] xfF:b} d':s'/fpFb} /xG5, ta h'g x'G5 . ;dfg >]0fLsf] dflg;sf] sfddf nfUg' ePsf] 5, Tof] sfd lzsf/ aG5+f}+ . oxL /f]un] Pslbg
dxTjsf+Iff k'/f ug{ ;Sb}g . cfkmFn} fO{ sf/0f aGof] . To;sf] k5fl8 st} g dflg;n] tkfO{+nfO{ b]V5g\ tkfO+{;Fu ;+ultdf p h:tfsf] To:t} alg/xG5 ufpFb} u'gu'gfpb} k'/f ug{';\ . xfdLnfO{ d[To'sf] d'vdf lnP/ hfG5 .
jzdf ug{ g;Sgfsf] sf/0f w]/} st} qmf]wsf] xt /x]sf] 5 . qmf]wn] e]6 u5{g . pgLx¿ klg k|;Gg / pRRf ljrf/ ePsfsf] ;+ultn] Ø h;n] ;+uLt ;'G5, p;n] of] s'/f k'0f{¿kdf :ki6 5, o:tf]
k|ltefzfnL dflg; klg k5fl8 ;bf gf]S;fg g} u5{ . cGtM qmf]wnfO{ x'g]5g\ / d':sfg 5g{]5g\ . tkfO+{ p;n] pTs[if{ kfpF5, dxfef/t . PsfGtsf] cg' e j u5{ M /j{ 6 zq' ljrf/ cfˆgf] dgdf Nofpg' g}
k5{g . pgLx¿ cufl8 a9\g rfx]/ zq' dfg]/ To]f b]lv aRg' g} a'l4dfgL htfaf6 hfg' x'g5 ] , To:t} d':sfgsf] g/fd|f] ;fyL;+ultn] xfdLn] xfdLnfO{ a| f plgË . h;n] ufpF 5 p kfk xf] . o;n] dfgj z/L/nfO{
klg cufl8 a9\ g ;Sb} g g\ . xf] . d]nf nfUg]5 . x'g;S5 eg] tkfO+{ gs{df nUg lgdlGqt / k|f]nf]let k/dfTdfsf] glhs k'U5 / p;n] leqleq} vfG5 . klxnf /f] u L
pgLx¿sf] efljionfO{ ;a}n] /fd|f] Ø 1flgnfO{ ;a} e Gbf w] / } cfˆgf] d':s'/fpg], xfF:g] xfFl;nf] u5{g\ M lkmN8Lª\u . h;n] h:tf] k/dfTdfnfO{ lrGb5 M afns[i0f larf/nfO{ aflx/ lgsfn]/ ˆofFSg';\ .
eGy] t/ klg pgLx¿ k5fl8 k/] . rSs/df kfg{] olx s'g} a:t' 5 eg] cg'xf/ ePsf] ldq;Fu ldn]/ s'g} ;F+ut u5{, To:t} kmn kfpF5 M ;d . ;+uLt cfTdfsf] a:t' xf] . ha tkfO+{sf] dgdf o:tf larf/n]
x/]s lbg o:tf 36gf 3l6 /xG5g\ . Tof] xf] d'vs{ f] xfF;f] M afO/g . xfF;f]n] klg xf:o Snj of lglZrt ;ef dxfTdf ufGwL . cfTdfsf] u'nfj kft] sf]7f leq cGt/ cfqmd0f u5{g,\ ta To;}an ] f To;nfO{
s;}n] s;}sf] xTof ul/lbG5, rf]/L dgsf] ufF7f]nfO{ ;lhn} vf]lnlbG5, agfpg ;Sg' x'G5, h;df ;a} ;b:o Ø ;+uLt o:tf] x'g'k5{ ls ;fu/ nx/sf] snsn lggfb xf], Ps eufO lbg';\ x}g eg] Tof] dgleq
u5{, 3fOt] agfpF5 . o:tf 36gf d]/f] dgsf] dfq x}g ltd|f] dgsf] xfF:g], lrGTff gug{] vfnsf / xfFl;nf dgdf c;/ k/f];\ . h'g ufogn] cud cbe't k+IfLn] ufpFg] Tof] kNnf] l5/]/ tkfO+{sf] nflu 7"nf] eof] aGg
clwsfF z cfj] z x' g ] u 5{ . ha klg M dfxfTdf ufGwL . ha d x'g\ . dgdf elQm, a}/fUo, k]|d / cfgGbsf] lsgf/sf] k+IfLsf] uLt xf] M h]=h]= ;S5 . 8fS6/sf] egfO{ 5–8/ /
dflg;n] cfˆgf] ;Gt'ng u'dfpF5 . cfkmF}k|lt xfF:5' ta d]/f] dgsf] af]em Ø xfF;f] d':sfg of k|;Ggtf t/+ u p7\ b } g Tof] ;+ l ut x} g M xf]Nof08 . ;+uLtdo b[li6n] ulx/f] eosf] larf/ s]xL 306fdf dfgjsf]
qmf]wdf cfP/ dflg;n] uNtL u5{ . xNsf x'G5 M 6}uf]/ . dflg;n] cfˆgf leq} a f6 cfpF 5 t/ xfF l ;/x] s f] k|d
] rGb . ;+uLt dfgjsf] ljZjJofKfL u/L k|s[ltsf] x[bonfO{ x]/, ltdL /fFn
} fO{ ;]tf] agfOlbG5 . o;sf] sf/0f
Ø ;fw'–;HHfgsf k|lt s;}n] ;dosf] s]xL efu cjZo xfF:gdf cg' x f/af6 k| ] / 0ff t ldN5 g} . efiff xf] M nf+ukm}nf] . uLt g} xf] ;j{q kfpg] 5f} s]jn ltdLdf p;nfO{ atfOPsf] 5–efjgfdf cToGt ul/df
qmf]w ug{' xFb' g} lsgeg] oL dflg;x¿ ljtfpg' k5{ M hf]G;g . xfdLnO{ xfF;f] cWof/f] cg'xf/ hxfF /xG5, ToxfFsf] lbJo ;fFrf] :ju{ hfg] 4f/sf] M ;'Gg] zlQm x'g' k5{ Msfnf{On . cfpg] of dl:tisdf af]em kgf{n]
c¿k|lt qmf]w ub{}gg\ . qmf]wsf] ta p7\5 ha xfdL s'g} a:t' / jftj/0f klg cFWof/f] x'G5 . o;}n] l;l4r/0f >]i7 . ;+lut, tfn / ;Eo Ø tkfO+{ cfk"mnfO{ ;+uLtdo z/L/df o;k| s f/sf] /f;folgs
k|To'Q/ ;bfrf/n] lbg'k5{ . cfk"m;Fu To;sf] dgf]efjdf PsfPs s'g} ha cfGtl/s k|;GGftf x'G5, ha t/Lsfn] 9flnPsf] pxL hËnL cfjfh agfpg';\ . km]/L x]g{'; tkfO+{ slt ld>0f aGg yfN5, h;nfO{ ;Nkm/
qmf]w ug{x] ¿ k|lt ;b\Jojxf/ ug{k' 5{ c;Da4tf of c;+ult b]V5f}F M zf]k]g x[boaf6 cfgGb k|s6 x'G5 ta l;jfo c? s]xL xf]Og M yf]d; :k"mt{ eP/ sfd ug{' x'G5 . ysfO{ elgG5 . h;sf] sf/0f skfnsf]
M tfcf]wd{ . qmf]w, O{iof{, eo, / zf]s xfj/ . xfF;f]sf] ;'Gb/ k[i7e'lddf To;nfO{ cg'xf/df klg k|s6 ug{; ' . d'n/ . ;+uLt cfTdfsf] j:t' xf] M klg 5]pdf kg{] 5}g . tkfO+{sf] cf}Fnf /ª\ u ablng yfN5 . h' g sfd
h:tf 3fts dgf]efjaf6 slxNo} of}jgsf] ;'dt k"mN5, of}jgnfO{ v'j xfF:g';\ / cg'xf/nfO{ xFl;nf] ;w}F xf]Nof08 . ;+uLtn] Pp6f v/fj 6fOk d] l ;gdf, tkfO+ { s f] n] v fO{ a'9];sfndf x'g'kg{] lyof] Tof] b'Mv
u| l ;t x' g ' xF ' b } g , hlxn] klg t/f]tfhf /fVgsf] nflu v'j xfF:g';\ agfO{ /fVg';\ . h:tf];'s} ljs6 a:t'nfO{ klg c;n ¿kdf 9fNg sfuhdf of tkfO+{sf] xft d]l;gdf / lrGtfsf] af]emsf] sf/0f hjfgLdf
cfzfjfbL x'g'k5{ M kf/;L wd{ . h'g M hh{ agf{8{zf . dfgjg} s]jn Ps kl/l:ylt xf] ; , cg' x f/sf] dw' / ;S5 / c;nnfO{ xflgsf/s klg o;/L rNg'k5{, h;/L ;+uLtsf] w'gdf g} x'G5 . Ps l7s 7fs gjo'js
dflg; qmf]wL dfly qmf]w ub{}g, Ifdf o:tf] k|f0fL xf], h;df xfF:g] zlQm 5 d':sfg slxNo} n'Kt x'g gkfcf];\ . agfpg ;S5 M ljlnod z]S;lko/ . tkfO+{n] g[To' ul//xg' ePsf] xf];\ . a'9f] b]lvg yfN5 . lxDdtsf ;fy
u5{, p cfk"m / qmf]w ug{] JolQm M u|]jfOn . xfF;L xfF:fL hLpg] dflg;sf] of] Ps Ø xfF;f] xflb{s xf];,\ dg} b]lv O{Zj/n] tkfO+n { fO{ ;+uLtdo agfPsf ul/Psf] sfddf ;bf ;kmntf g}
b'a}nfO{ dxf;+s6af6 /Iff u5{ M Ø cg' x f/df d' : sf/fx6 u'0f xf], /x:o xf] . of] /x:onfO{ tkfO+{ lg:s]sf] xf];, ta To;n] ;+uLtn] 5g\ . pgsf] ;d:t ;[li6df ;+uLt ldN5 . sfd k| l t ;fx; x' g ' n ]
j] b Jof; . h' g dflg; cfˆgf] Nofpg';\ . xFl;nf] cg'xf/ agfpg';\ . klg a'‰g';\ . olb k|zGGf /xg] afgL h:tf] k|efj kf5{ . o:tf] xfF;f] plrt 5 . Wofg nufP/ ;'Gg';\ . tkfO+{ klg tkfO+{nfO{ cufl8 a9\g] k|]/0ff lbG5 .
qmf]wnfO{ cfk"m dfly p7fpF5, ToxL xfd|f] x[bosf] x/ efjgfn] of t 5}g eg] of] hLJfgsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] :yfgdf k'm6]sf] ad em} x'G5 . h;n]
c?sf] qmf]waf6 aRg ;S5 / cfˆgf] z/L/nfO{ :Jf:y ;'Gb/ atfpF5 of e'n xf] bf]ifk"0f{ afgL xf] . of] afgL ;f/f b'Mv Wj:t agfpF5 . h;n]
5f]/f;/x 5f]/LnfO{ :s'n k9\g
k7fcf}+ .
t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+ n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
…If]Kof:qÚ ;fKtflxs / …hgva/Ú cgnfOgdf k|sfzgfy{
/fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf n]v, /rgf / tl:j/x¿ pknAw u/fO{
;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g OR5's ;a}df cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|


g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8 yfkfufp“, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!
kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&! E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com
janakhabar@gmail.com
@)*! ;fn c;f/ @# ut] cfOtaf/ 7

bz{gsf]
k[ i 7e" l d
bz{gsf] pTkltsf] Oltxf;sf] r]tgfsf ljljw ¿kx¿ kb{5g\ . oxfF
ljsf;
h:t}M as{ns
] f] lghL ljrf/, lkm:6]sf] tyf kl/jt{g / clwe"tjfbnfO{
Oltxf;
cfˆg} ljlzi6 :jTjsf ¿kdf juL{o ;dfhdf bz{gsf] juL{o
cWoogaf6 s] kfOPsf] 5 eg] ;Qf eg]sf] cl:tTj xf], ljZj xf] . cxd\ , lgT;] s f] ;+ s Nk, dfvsf] l:y/tfsf] ;+jfxs kbfjnLsf cy{df bz{ g zf:qnfO{ cfbz{ j fb / cy{ / dxTj x'G5 . juL{o ;dfhdf
pTkfbgsf] lglDt ;+3if{, j}1flgs o; cGtu{t k|sl[ t / ;dfh kb{5g\ . ;dj]bgf cflb . a'e\mg ;S5f}+ . ef}ltsjfb, clwe"tjfb / åGåjfbsf] bz{ g n] ju{ x} l ;ot, lxt /
k|of]u / ju{;3+ if{sf aLraf6 bz{gsf] ctM lrGtg / ;Qfsf] ;DaGwsf] k|Zg -v_ ca ef}ltsjfbsf] rrf{ u/f}+ . oxfF g ] / ;+ l IfKtdf eGg' k bf{ cWoog ug]{ zf:qsf ¿kdf lng'ePsf] ljrf/sf] k|ltlaDjg tyf
hGd ePsf] lyof] / bf;:jfdL ljZjb[li6sf]0fsf] k|Zg aGg k'Ub5 / cfbz{jfbsf] pN6f] l;4fGtdf O{Zj/ clwe"tjfb / åGåjfbn] ljZjaf/] k"/} 5 . bz{ g zf:q ;DaGwdf dfcf] k| l tlglwTj ub{ 5 . ju{ ; dfhdf
;dfhsf] ljsf; k|lqmofsf aLraf6 ljk/Lt tl:j/ k] z ub{ 5 g\ . eGg'xG' 5– æju{;dfhsf] pbo ePb]lv s' g bz{ g ;Tosf] ;lGgs6 /
k|frLg o'gfg, ef/t / rLgdf bz{g clwe"tjfbn] x/]s j:t' / k|lqmofnfO{ b'O{ y/Lsf] 1fg b]lvPsf] 5– pTkfbg– j} 1 flgs 5, To; s' / fsf] 6' + u f]
ljsl;t x'bF } cfPsf] kfOG5 .csf]{ s'/f l:y/tf, cnufp, PskIfLotf / ;+3if{sf] 1fg / ju{;+3if{sf] 1fg . ;DalGwt ;dfhsf] ef}lts cj:yf
ljZj cyf{t\ k|s[lt / ;dfhsf] hGd kl/jt{gxLgtfsf] cj:yfdf b]Vt5 . k|fs[lts lj1fg / ;fdflhs lj1fg / ;fdflhs Jojxf/åf/f nufOG5 .
s;/L eof] < oL cfkm} hlGdP ls o;sf] 7Ls pN6f] åGåjfbn] x/]s log} b'O{ yl/sf] 1fgsf lgrf]8 x'g\ / oxfF bz{gsf] jf:tljs d"No /
lognfO{ hGdfpg] s'g} O{Zj/ jf j:t', k|lqmof / ljZjnfO{ ult, bz{gzf:q rfxLF k|sl[ t;DaGwL 1fg dxTj s'g s'/fdf 5 eg] To;n]
cnf}lss zlQm 5 < kf/:kl/s cGtM;DaGw, ax'ljwtf / / ;dfh;DaGwL 1fgsf] ;fdfGoLs/0f k|s[lt / ;dfhsf] ;Tok"0f{ of e"m6
k|s[lt / ;dfhsf] pTklQ / kl/jt{gsf] cj:yfdf x]b{5 . ctM / PsqLs/0f xf] .Æ tl:j/ k]z ub{5 . To;n] x/]s
ljsf; s;/L eof] < s] k|s[lt / clwe"tjfbn] ljZjsf] unt tl:j/ dfcf]sf oL egfOaf6 1fg lj1fgnfO{ ju{sf dfG5]nfO{ h'g;'s} ¿kdf xf];\
;dfhdf s'g} Joj:yf / lgod ;+ult k]z ub{5 eg] o;sf] 7Ls pN6f] d"ntM tLg efudf ljeflht ug{ ;d:of a'e\mg / ltgsf] ;dfwfg
5 < dfgj hLjgsf p2]Zo, cfbz{, åGåjfbn] ljZjsf] ;xL tl:j/ k]z ;lsG5– k|fs[lts lj1fg, ;fdflhs k|:t't ug{ d2t k'¥ofpF5 . ;a} bz{g
st{Jo / d"No s] x'g\ < s] dfG5]n] ug] { sfd ub{ 5 .bz{ g zf:qsf] lj1fg / ;+Zn]if0ffTds 1fgsf] lj1fg . ;Tok"0f{ x'G5g\ eGg] xf]Og . o;nfO{
k|sl[ t / ;dfhaf/] ;Tok"0f{ 1fg k|fKt ljifoj:t' oxfF bz{ g zf:qsf] oL tLg lj1fgdWo] bz{g ;+Zn]if0ffTds ;dfh ljsf;sf] ;fk]Iftfdf x]gk{' b{5
ug{;qm5 < s] dflg; cfˆgf] 1fg / ljifoj:t'cGtu{t bz{gsf] ljlzi6 1fgsf] lj1fg xf] . t/ o;sf] cy{ bz{g / ;xL lrGtgsf] ljsf; klg
Jojxfl/s lqmofzLntfsf cfwf/df :jTj / kl/lwsf] lgwf{/0f ul/G5 . k|fs[lts lj1fg / ;fdflhs lj1fgaLr P] l txfl;s ljsf; k| l qmof;F u }
k|s[lt / ;dfhnfO{ abNg ;dy{ 5 nfdf] P]ltxfl;s ljsf; k|lqmodf ;dGjo sfod ug]{ lj1fg xf]Og . lsgls ufFl;Psf] x'G5 . o; kl/k|Iodf x]bf{
< oL / o:t} cg]sf}+ k|Zgx¿sf] ;xL bz{gsf] ljifoj:t' w]/} kl/dflh{t aGb} bz{gsf] cfˆgf] :jtGq df}lns ljifoj:t' cfbz{jfb / clwe"tjfbn] ;+;f/sf]
hjfkm vf]Hg] dfG5]sf] lh1f;fj[lQsf] cfPsf] 5 / cfh o;sf] ljlzli6s/0f 5, Tof] bz{gzf:qsf] df}lns k|Zg xf] unt jf PskIfLo t:jL/ k] z
pkh / cleJolQm g} bz{g xf] eGg] x'g uPsf] 5 . h;n] bz{gzf:qnfO{ cGo lj1fgeGbf u5{g\ . t/ ;+;f/sf] ;Rrf tyf
s'/f k|i6 ePsf] kfOG5 . bz{ g eg] s f] ljZjsf] :jfoQ x}l;ot k|bfg ub{5 . ;du| tl:j/ k|:t't ug{ åGåfTds
xfdLn] s] kfpF5f}+ eg] bz{g zAbsf] ljZjb[li6sf]0f xf] . bz{gsf] ljifoj:t' bz{ g nfO{ df} l ns k| Z g, ef}ltsjfbL bz{g g} ;dy{ 5 .
klxnf] k|of]ustf{ o'gfgL bfz{lgs klg o;} ljZjb[li6sf]0fsf] cWoogdf ljZjb[li6sf]0f / :jtGq ljifoj:t'af6 ;fdflhs r]tgfsf /fhgLlt,
kfOyfuf]/; x'g\ . pgn] bz{gnfO{ cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 . bz{gsf] d"n jlGrt u/L To;nfO{ k|sl[ t lj1fg / sfg" g , gLltzf:q, ;f} G bo{ a f] w ,
a'emfpg] lkmnf];f]kmL (Philosophy) ljifoj:t' bz{gsf] df}lns k|Zg efiffzf:qdf lu/fpg] of] k|jl[ Q j:t'tM k|sl[ tlj1fg h:tf c? ljlwGg ¿k /
zAbsf] k|of]u u/] lkmnf]; -k|]d_ / cyf{t lrGtg / ;Qfsf] ;DaGwsf] Wj+;jfbL, ax'njfbL / cfbz{jfbL ltgdf cfwfl/t zf:qn] dfG5]sf]
;f] l kmof -ljj] s _ h:tf zAbsf] k|Zg xf] . ;Qfsf] csf]{ cy{ ljZj xf], k| j [ l Q afx] s c? s] x L xf] O g . dgdf k|sl[ t, ;dfh / lrGtgsf] Pp6f
ldngaf6 lkmnf];f]kmL aGof], h;sf] ljZj cGtu{ t k| s [ l t / ;dfh bz{gzf:qsf] df}lns k|Zg, j}1flgstf ljlzi6 kIfsf] dfq hfgsf/L lbG5g\,
cy{ ljj]s k|d ] jf ljBfg'/fu x'G5 .
bz{g zAb ;+:s[t efiffsf] æb[z\Æ
x:taxfb'/ s];L kb{5g\ . o;/L x]bf{ k|s[lt, ;dfh /
lrGtgsf ;fdfGo lgodsf] cWoog
/ jf:tljs ljifoj:t'nfO{ lgif]w ug]{
csf]{ k|j[lQsf] gfd cts{ a'l4jfb xf] .
t/ bz{gn] tL ;a}sf] ;fdfGoLs/0f
ub}{ ltgnfO{ PsLs[t ljZjb[li6sf]0fsf
wft'af6 ag]sf] 5 . b[z\sf] cy{ x]g'{, oxL g} bz{gzf:qsf] df}lns k|Zg xf] jf s'g}klg ;l[i6stf{sf] lgif]w ub}{ g} bz{gzf:qsf] ljifoj:t' aGg o;sf k|dv ' k|0f]tf lgT;] x'g\ / pgn] ¿kdf ;d]6g\ ] ub{5 .
hfFRg' / a'em\g' x'G5 . k|frLg tyf eGg] s'/f a'‰g h?/L 5 . ;Qf cyf{t\ ljZj cyf{t\ k|sl[ t, kbfy{ hfG5 . s'g}klg bfz{lgs k|0ffnLdf bz{ g nfO{ ;+ 1 fgfTds tyf t;y{ cfhsf] o'udf ;j{xf/f
dWosfn x'Fb} cfw'lgs sfn;Dd d'Vou/L bz{gzf:qsf] df}lns jf j:t'ut ;+;f/nfO{ k|fylds bhf{df d" n tM tLg tTj x' G 5g\ – juL{ o ljZjb[li6sf]0fd"ns e"ldsfaf6 jlGrt ju{sf] bz{g cyf{t\ dfS;{jfbL bz{gg}
cfpFbf bz{g lgs} ljsl;t Pj+ k|Zgsf b'O{ dxTjk"0f{ kxnx¿ 5g\ . /fVg] / To;}af6 lrGtgsf] hGd x'g] kIfw/tf, l;4fGt / k4lt . juL{o ub}{ cfj]u, cn+sf/ / ;xhj[lQsf] zf:qdf ;';u+ t, qmflGtsf/L / j}1flgs bz{g
kl/dflh{t aGg k'u]sf] 5 . oBlk klxnf] kxn' cGtu{ t lrGtg / s'/f :jLsf/ ul/G5 . To;sf] gfd kIfw/tf /fhgLlts ljrf/wf/f, k|jl[Q lu/fpg] sfd u/]sf 5g\ .ctM cfh xf] . o; bz{gn] g} ;j{xf/f ju{ /
klxn] bz{g w]/} Jofks cy{df k|of]u ;QfaLr k|fyldstf qmd lgwf{/0f ug]{ ef}ltsjfb xf] . kbfy{ (Matter) nfO{ / /fHo;Qf;Fu ;DalGwt /x]sf] x'G5 . cfk" m nfO{ pQ/–cfw' l gstfjfbL >lds hg;d' b fonfO{ b' Z dgsf
ul/GYof] / o; cGtu{t 1fg–lj1fgsf s'/f cfp5F . bf];|f] kxn' cGtu{t k|fylds bhf{df /fv]sf]n] o;sf] gfd of] ;fdGtjfb, k'FhLjfb, j}1flgs egfpg]x¿n] pQm k|ToIfjfbnfO{ c+ufNb} lj?4sf] ;+ 3 if{ / d' l Qmsf]
k|fozM ;a} zfvf kg]{ ub{y] . t/ lrGtg / ;QfaLrsf] cfk;L ef}ltsjfb (Materialism) /xg ;dfhjfb h:tf ljrf/k| 0 ffnL, tyf To;df ljv08gjfbnfO{ hf]8b\ } lbzfdf,k'/fgf]sf] Wj+z / gofFsf]
bz{gsf] cGtj{:t'sf] d"n cfwf/ cGt/lqmof pb\3fl6t ug]{ s'/f kb{5 . uPsf] xf] . h:t}M k[YjL, hn, t]h, Joj:yf / k|j[lQ;Fu ufFl;Psf] x'G5 . bz{gsf] df}lns k|Zg, ljifoj:t', ;}4flGts lgdf{0fdf tyf ;+;f/nfO{ a'e\mg /
;Tosf] vf]h /xL cfPsf] 5 . dxfg\ df}lns k|Zgsf] klxnf] kxn'sf] pNn]v jfo', cfsfznfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] lrGtg / ;QfaLrsf] ;DaGwsf] k|Zg :j¿k / ljZjb[li6sf]0fk/s dfGotfnfO{ abNg Pjd\ ef}lts, j}rfl/s /
bfz{lgs x]u]nsf b[li6df bz{gsf] ug]{ ;Gbe{df d"ntM tLg k|j[lt rfjf{s, k|s[ltnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] bz{gsf] ;}4flGts kIf xf] . o; clwe"tjfbL egL nTofpFb} bz{gnfO{ ;f+ : s[ l ts ¿kfGt/0f ub} { cl3
ljifo ;Tosf] ;+1fg xf] . dfS;{n] kfOG5g\ . cfbz{jfb, ef}ltsjfb / k|f/lDes sfnsf] ;fª\Vo bz{g, cGtu{ t cfbz{ j fb, ef} l tsjfb ;flxTozf:q cnsf/zf:q / efiffzf:qdf a9\gdf /fd|f] d2t k'¥ofpF5 . ;fy},
bz{gnfO{ cfˆgf] ;dosf] ljZjsf] aLrsf wf/f . aLrs wf/f cGtu{t cfuf]nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] x]/S] nfO6;, ;lxtsf] ljljw bfz{lgs k|jl[ Qx¿sf] lu/fpg] sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . o; wf/fsf dfS;{jfbL bz{gn] k|s[lt lj1fg /
af}l4s ;f/tTj atfpg'ePsf] 5 . å}tjfb, t6:ytfjfbjf ;dGjojfb k/df0f' n fO{ k| f yldstf lbg] cWoog ul/G5 . ;Qf / lrGtg d'Vo k|jt{s 8]l/8f x'g\ . ;dfh lj1fgsf ljljw zfvfx¿df
oxfF ljZj eg]sf] k|s[lt / ;dfh cfp5Fg\ . ;fy} bz{gzf:qsf] df}lns 8]df]qmfO6;, tfcf] cyf{t\ k|s[ltnfO{ cyf{t\ k|s[lt, ;dfh tyf lrGtgsf] bz{ g sf] ljlzi6tf j}1flgs ljZjb[li6sf]0f k|bfg ub{5 .
xf] . dfG5]n] ;d;fdlos ljZj;uF k|Zgsf] bf];f| ] kxn'sf] rrf{ ubf{ s] k|fyldstf lbg] nfcf] T;] / kbfy{nfO{ ljsf; k|lqmof / ltgsf] kf/:kl/s
cGt/lqmof ub{ 5 / o;} q mddf
ljZjsf] af}l4s ;f/tTjsf ¿kdf
kfOG5 eg] lrGtg / ;Qfsf]
tfbfTDotfsf] o; k|Zgdf h;n]
k|fyldstf lbg] a]sg, kmfo/jfv,
dfS;{, cflb .
;DaGwnfO{ k4ltsf b[li6n] klg
cWoog ul/G5 . of] bz{ g sf] clvn -;dfhjfbL_ ¿kGb] x Låf/f
bz{gsf] k|fb'ef{j x'G5 eGg] xf] . ;fy}
P+u]N;n] bz{gnfO{ ljZjb[li6sf]0f
eGg'ePsf] 5 .
;sf/fTds pQ/ lbg] ub{5g\ tL
ef}ltsjfb / gsf/fTds pQ/ lbg]x¿
c1]ojfbsf] >]0fLdf kb{5g\ . lrGtg
jf:tjdf ljZjnfO{ 1]o cyf{t\
af]wuDo dfGg] lrGtgsf] ;DaGw
ef}ltsjfb / c1]ojfbsf] ;DaGw
k4ltut cWoogsf] ljifo xf] . o;
cGtu{ t åGåjfb / clwe" t jfb
;lxtsf ljljw k4ltx¿sf] cWoog
a' 6 jn pkdxfgu/kflnsf 3] / fp
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l gi6 lai0f'axfb'/ ;Ln] atfP .
vf;df bz{g ;fdflhs r]tgfsf] / ;Qfsf] tfbfTDotf;uF ;DalGwt cfbz{jfb;Fu /x]sf] 5 . oBlk x]un ] ul/G5 . bz{gdf juL{o kIfw/tf kf6L{lgs6 clvn -;dfhjfbL_ ¿kGb]xLn] pgn] /fHosf]ifsf] ah]6 ;b'kof]u
Pp6f ljlzi6 ¿k xf] . juL{o ;dfhdf k|Zg ljZj, To;sf] ;f/tTj / To;sf h:tf cfbz{jfbLx¿n] ljZjnfO{ 1]o lglZrt ju{ s f] /fhgLlts dfWolds ljBfnodf cWoog/t gx'bF f k|mLh eP/ hfg] / o; jif{ klg
;fdflhs r]tgfsf] ¿k klg juL{o lgodx¿nfO{ a'em\g] / tbg';f/ cyf{t\ af]wuDo dfg]/ ef}ltsjfbsf] ljrf/wf/fåf/f lgb]{lzt /x]sf] x'G5 . 5fqfx¿sf] lglDt lgMz'Ns ;]lg6/L Kof8sf] ljBfnox¿n] jflif{s ?= ^ nfvsf
x'G5 . 7Ls To;}u/L bz{gsf] :j¿k ljZjnfO{ abNg] ljifo;uF ;DalGwt glhs k'Ub5g\ . t/ tdfd\ k|sf/sf o; cy{ d f bfz{ l gs l;4fGt / dfu ub}{ a'6jn pk–dxfgu/kflnsf b/n] vl/b u/]sf 5g\ t/ :yfgLotx
klg juL{o x'G5 . juL{o ;dfhdf x/]s k|Zg xf] . of] k|Zgsf]hjfkm lbg]df z+sfjfbL / c1]ojfbLx¿ ljZjnfO{ c1]o k4ltsf] lgdf{0fdf juL{o /fhgLlts
sfof{no 3]/fp u/]sf] 5 . u}/lhDd]jf/ x'bF f xhf/f}+ ljBfyL{n] b'Mv
ju{n] cf–cfkm\gf] ljrf/, p2]Zo, dt, ef}ltsjfb, cfbz{jfb / ljleGg dfGb5g\ . Xo'd / sf06n] ljZjnfO{ k|j[lQsf] e"ldsf lg0ff{os x'G5 .
gofF z}lIfs ;q ;'? x'g' cufj} kfO/x]sf] eGb} cfqmf]z JoQm u/] .
;+sNk, efjgf Pjd\ lqmofsnfksf] aLrsf wf/fx¿sf cf–cfˆg} dfGotf c1]o dfGb5g\ . ef}ltsjfbL / ljz]iftM dfS;{jfbL dfGotf cg';f/ bz{gsf]
cf}lrTo k'li6 ug{ h?/L x'G5 / /x]sf 5g\ . dfS;{åf/f ljZjnfO{ af]wuDo dflgPsf] ljifoj:t' klg 7Ls o;} s'/fdf g} clvn -;dfhjfbL_ ¿kGb]xLn] !$ pgn] clvn -;dfhjfbL_ n] k]z
bz{gn] 7Ls o;} cf}lrTo k'li6sf] sfd bfz{ l gs l;4fGt 5 . ;+;f/nfO{ 1]o / c1]o dfGg] lrGtg cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 . a'Fb] dfu a'6jn pkdxfgu/ k|d'v u/]sf !$ a'bF ] dfu tTsfn ;Daf]wg
ub{5 . ctM x/]s bfz{lgs k|0ffnLleq -s_ cfbz{jfb / -v_ ef}ltsjfb 1fg l;4fGt;uF bz{gzf:qsf] k4lt bz{ g sf] kl/lw cyf{ t \ ;Ldf v]n/fh kf08];dIf k]z u/]sf] lyof] . ug{ dfu ub}{ k6s–k6s dfukq a'emfO{
d"ntM tLg tTjsf] ;du|tfsf] gfd -s_ oxfF cfbz{jfbsf] rrf{ u/f}+ . ;DalGwt /x]sf] 5 . To;sf] ljifoj:t'åf/f lgwf{l/t x'G5 .
g} bz{g cyf{t\ ljZjb[li6sf]0f xf] . cfbz{jfb Ps o:tf] bfz{lgs l;4fGt -s_ åGåjfb -v_ clwe" t jfb bz{gsf] d"n ljifoj:t' To;sf] df}lns
oxf“ bz{g s] xf] < o;nfO{ s;/L xf] h;n] r]tgf, cfTdf, ;+sNk, ljrf/ oxfFg]/ s] s'/f a'e\mg h?/L 5 k|Zg xf] . bz{gn] lrGtg / ;Qfsf]
a'‰g] / kl/eflift ug]{ < jf O{Zj/nfO{ k|fylds dfGb} To;}af6 eg] ljZjsf] ljsf; k|lqmof / To;sf ;DaGwsf] ub{5, bz{gn] k|s[lt,
bz{gsf] ljifoj:t' cy{ / dxTj ljZj, kbfy{ jf k|sl[ tsf] hGd ePsf] lgodx¿sf] cWoog ug] { ;dfh / lrGtgsf ;fdfGo
s] xf] < bz{gdf s] s:tf k|jl[ Qx¿ xf] eGg] s'/f :jLsf/ u5{ . ljrf/, lrGtgk|0ffnLnfO{ bz{gzf:qsf] k2lt lgodx¿sf] cWoog ub{5 / bz{g
5g\ / ltgsf aLr s;/L ;+3if{ rNb} cfTdf jf cfbz{ (Ideal) h:tf] elgG5 . of] 1fgl;4fGtsf] k|Zg;Fu juL{o ljrf/k|0ffnLåf/f lgwf{l/t x'G5 .
cfPsf] 5 < oL k|Zgx¿af/] cfjZos cef}lts tTjnfO{ k|fylds dfg]sf]n] cleGg ¿kn] hf] l 8Psf] 5 . lrGtg / ;Qf, ;fdflhs lrGtg /
hfgsf/L k|fKt ug{sf nflu d'VotM To; l;4fGtsf] gfd cfbz{ j fb bz{ g zf:qsf] Oltxf;df ;fdflhs ;Qf, ljifo /ljifoL aLrsf]
bz{gzf:qsf] df}lns k|Zgaf/] cWoog (Idealism) /xg uPsf] xf] . ljZjb[li6sf]0fsf b'O{ cfwf/e"t k2lt ;DaGwsf] k|Zg dfG5]sf] ljZjl;tsf]
ug{ h?/L x'G5 . cfbz{jfbsf klg b'O{ xfFuf 5g\– /lxcfPsf 5g\ tL x'g\ ljljw k|sf/sf] cGt/lqmofsf] k|Zg
bz{ g zf:qsf] df} l ns k| Z g j:t'lgi7 cfbz{ / JolQmlgi7 cfbz{ . -!_ åGåjfb / -@_ clwe"tjfb xf] . bz{gsf] ljifoj:t' / kl/lw o;}
bz{gzf:qsf] df}lns k|Zgaf/] P+uN] ; dflg;sf] cfTdf jf r]tgfeGbf aflxsf] åGåjfb k|frLg o'gfgL lbPn]uf] cGt/lqmofdf cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 .
eGg'xG' 5– æ;du| bz{gsf] / ljz]iftM s'g} ;fdfGo cfTdf, r]tgf jf O{Zj/sf] (Dialogo) kbfjnLaf6 ljsl;t k|s[lt ;dfh / lrGtgsf] If]qsf t/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfdf k6s–k6s 5nkmn ubf{ klg pkdxfgu/n] a]jf:tf
gofF bz{gsf] dxfg\ df}lns k|Zg cl:tTjnfO{ k|fylds dfGg' j:t'lgi7 ePsf] xf] . o;sf] cy{ xf] ax;sf] ;fdfGo lgodx¿sf] cWoog ub{5 . 5nkmn rnfpFbf klg cg]sf}+ afxgf u/]sf]kl| t v]b k|s6 ug{s
' f] ;fy} tTsfn
lrGtg / ;Qfsf] ;DaGwsf] k|Zg xf] .Æ cfbz{jfb (Objective Idealism) snf . To:t} clwe"tjfb klg k|frLg o;/L x]bf{ bz{gsf] ljlzi6 :j¿k ub}{ lglh ljBfnonfO{ Kof8 pknAw lgMz'Ns ;]lg6/L Kof8sf] Joj:yf gu/]
P+uN] ;n] eGg'eP em}+ lrGtg / ;Qfsf] xf] . h:t}M Kn]6f]sf] k/dtTj jf o' g fgL d] 6 f–lkmlhsf (Meta- ;+Zn]if0ffTds /x]sf] 5 . u/fpg]–gu/fpg] aLr ljjfb x'Fbf xhf/f}F ljBfyL{x¿ cfGbf]lnt x'g] /
;DaGwsf] k|Zg bz{gzf:qsf] df}lns cfs[lt (Form) cå}t j]bfGtsf] physica) kbfjnLaf6 ljsl;t x/]s rLhsf] df}lnstf, ljlzi6 cg]sf}+ afxgf;lxt c;f/;Dd s'g} tfnfaGbL;Ddsf] r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ .
k|Zg xf] . oxfF lrGtg / ;Qf h:tf k/a|Dx, x]un
] sf] lg/k]If ljrf/ cflb . ePsf] xf] . o;n] ef}ltslj1fg eGbf :jTj jf 7f]; klxrfg To;sf] cfˆg} klg ;fd' b flos ljBfnosf a'6jnsf ljleGg ljBfnoaf6 ;of}s + f]
b'O{ dxTjk"0f{ zAbx¿sf] pNn]v h'g bz{gdf JolQmut cfTdf, dg, k/ eGg] cy{ a'emfpF5 . bz{gzf:qsf] ljlzi6 cGtlj{/f]wdf cfwfl/t x'G5 . 5fqfx¿nfO{ lgz'Ns Kof8 pknAw ;+Vofdf ljBfyL{x¿sf] h'n; ' n] ljleGg
ul/Psf] 5 . oxfF k|of]u ul/Psf] ;dj]bgf, ;+sNk, cg'ej, ljrf/ ljsf;sf] Oltxf;df oL zAb 1fglj1fgsf ljlzi6 zfvfx¿sf] gu/]sf]k|lt cfqmf]z kf]Vb} tTsfn gf/fafhL;lxt kflnsf 3]/fp u/]sf]
lrGtg cGtu{t\ ;dj]bgf, cg'ej, cflbnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOG5 To;sf] kl/dflh{t aGb} cfPsf 5g\ / cfh juL{s/0f / ltgsf] ljlzi6 ;fk]Iftf Kof8 pknAwLsf] dfu;lxt k|bz{g lyof] eg] 3]/fp kZrftsf] sfo{qmdsf]
OR5f, ;+ s Nk, efjgf, ljrf/, gfd JolQmlgi7 cfbz{ j fb logn] lglZrt cy{ axg ub{5g\ . jf :jfoQttf klg o;}åf/f lgwf{l/t ul/Psf] clvn -;dfhjfbL_ sf ;~rfng lhNnf ;+of]hs kbd ;Ln]
cjwf/0ff, l;4fGt, b[li6sf]0f h:tf (Subjective Idealism) xf] ;fdfGotM xfdLn] åGåjfbnfO{ ult x'G5 . o;} s'/fdfly Wofg lb+b} dfcf]n] n' l Dalg k| b ] z ;x–OGrfh{ u/]sf lyP .– ljgf]b vgfn
8 sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$ @)*! ;fn c;f/ @# ut] cfOtaf/

g]skfsf k|jQmf k|sf08 ;L >ddf Jo:t slknj:t' l8lehg jg sfof{nonfO{ hglj/f]wL sfo{ aGb ug{ cfu|x
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf u/L kf]N6L kmfd{sf] ;+/rgf lgdf{0f atfP . of] sfo{ ;dflKt;Fu} !)))
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ jg ;+/If0fsf] gfddf af0fu+uf g=kf= ;fy} kf6L{ n ] pQm If] q df jg
:yfoL sld6L ;b:o tyf kf6L{ k|jQmf ul/Psf] / pQm kf]N6L kmfd{df Ps Ifdtf a/fa/sf] gofF kf]N6L kmfd{ k'gM
slknj:t'n] slknj:t' l8lehg jg j8f g+=–# / j8f g+= !) k6gfdf sfof{nonfO{ lhDd]jf/ 9Ën] k|:t't
sfof{nosf] u}/lhDd]jf/ tyf cg'lrt a;f]af; ul//x]sf hgtfnfO{ lagf x'g tyf ;f]xL cg'¿k cfk"mgf of]hgf
lgdf0f{ ug{ ; d] t uDeL/tfk" j { s
;'emfj lbPsf] 5 .
o; ljifodf g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ slknj:t' n ] hf/L u/] s f]
lj1lKt o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5– …af0fu+uf
g=kf= j8f g+=–# / j8f g+=–!)
k6gfdf dfofb]jL ;fEg]bf/L ag /
/fhfkfgL ;fd'bflos jg ;+/If0fsf]
gfddf af0fu+uf g=kf= j8f g+=–# /
j8f g+ = !) k6gfdf a;f] a f;
ul//x]sf hgtfnfO{ lagf ljsNk
af;} p7g] u/L slknj:t' l8lehg
jg sfof{nosf] u}/lhDd]jf/ tyf
cg'lrt of]hgf cGtu{t k6gf;j
l8lehg sfoof{non] vfN8f] 6«]Gr_
vGg] gfddf u/]sf] hglj/f]wL sfo{
cGoGt} lgGblgo 5 . pko'Qm ljsNk
ljgfsf] lqmofsnfksf] 3f]/ eT;{gf
Pjd\ lgGbf ub}{ pQm If]qdf jg
sfof{nonfO{ lhDd]jf/ 9Ën] k|:t't
x'g tyf ;f]xL cg'¿k cfk"mgf of]hgf
lgdf0f{ ug{ klg xfdL uDeL/tfk"j{s
;'efj lbg rfxG5f}+ .
k|sf08 ;Lsf] pkl:yltdf kf]N6L kmfd{ xKtfleqdf *))–!))) s'v'/faf6 lgdf{0f ul/g] 5 . hgtfsf] GofoLs ;+3if{df xfd|f]
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . g]skf s]lGb|o Joj;fo ;'? ul/g] kf6L{ k|jQmf k|sf08 pQm kf]N6L kmfd{ lgdf{0f sfo{df of]hgf cGtu{t k6gf;j l8lehg ljsNk af;} p7g] u/L slknj:t'
kf6L{sf] b[9tfk"j{s ;fy /xg] 5 .
sfof{ n o tyf afudtL k| b ] z sf] ;Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . pQm >d #)–#% hgfsf] k|ToIf ;xeflutf /x]sf] sfoof{non] vfN8f] -6«]Gr_ vGg] l8lehg jg sfof{nosf] u}/lhDd]jf/
gfddf u/]sf] hglj/f]wL sfo{ cGoGt} tyf cg'lrt of]hgf cGtu{t k6gf cGoyf eO{k/L cfpg] kl/l:yltsf]
cfof]hgfdf kf6L{sf] cfly{s gLlt cg';f/ sfo{df kf6L{ k|jQmf k|ToIf ¿kdf lyof] . nueu b'O{ 306fsf] >d sfo{df
g]skf sf7df8f}Fsf lhNnf ;lrj lgGblgo ePsf] atfPsf] 5 . ;f] ;j l8lehg sfof{non] vfN8f] 6«G] r_ lhDd]jf/ :jod\ /fHo kIfg} x'g]5 .
s[lif / pTkfbgnfO{ hf]8 lbb} c;f/ lkmN8df vl6P/ sfd u/]sf 5g\ . o; ;DaGwdf hgkIfLo kxn sbdLsf
!% ut] zlgaf/ sf7df8f}s F f] sfe|:] ynLdf b]zs} d'Vo /fhwfgL cyjf d'Vo lr/~hLjL ;L, clvn -;dfhjfbL_ sf kf6L{n] a'waf/ Ps lj1lKt hf/L vGg] gfddf u/]sf] hglj/f]wL sfo{
k|jQmf k|sf08 ;Lsf] k|dv ' pkl:yltdf s]Gb|laGb', ahf/ / oftfoftsf] ;xh cWoIf g/]Gb| ;L, >lds df]rf{sf cWoIf ub}{ af0fu+uf g=kf= j8f g+=–# / cGoGt} lgGbgLo ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ nflu gful/s ;dfh, dfgj
kf]N6L kmfd{ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf] . / ;/n kx'r F x'g] x'gfn] / nf]sn s'v/' f /fdnfn ;L, o'jf ;+u7g g]kfnsf j8f g+ = –!) k6gfdf dfofb] j L pko'Qm ljsNk ljgfsf] lqmofsnfksf] clwsf/jfbL tyf kqsf/x¿nfO{ o;}
g]skf afudtL k|b]zn] hUuf kfngsf] nflu pko'Qm :yfg ePsf] cWoIf lbg]z ;Lsf] l6d;lxt :yfgLo ;fEg]bf/L ag / /fhfkfgL ;fd'bflos 3f]/ eT;{gf Pjd\ lgGbf u/]sf] 5 . k|;
] lj1KtLdfkm{t\ hfgsf/L ub{5f}+ .Ú
ef8fdf lnP/ nueu @))) x'bF f kmfd{ oxfF ;~rfngdf Nofpg hgtfsf] ;xsfo{ tyf dxTjk"0f{
Ifdtfsf] nf]sn s'v'/f kfng ug]{ nfu]sf] kf6L{ k|jQmf k|sf08 ;Ln] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . hgtfx¿nfO{ s[lif pTkfbg sfo{df geO{ e| i 6frf/ ug] { lgsfodf o;}u/L, dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n]
kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] abln/x]sf 5g\ .Ú g] k fnL sDo' l g:6 cfGbf] n gnfO{
;+ ; bjfbL===== pgLx¿n] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f &^=# ljZjJoflk Ph]08f x'g\ . t/ g]kfnsf]
p2]Zon] pQm sfo{qmd ePsf] s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj ljKnj ;L n] hgtfn] clxn] s f] cj:yf;Dd Nofpg
:jtGq ;f+;bx¿af6 !* dt lng'kg]{ cGtu{tsf] g]sf+sf] cNkdtsf] Psdgf ;Gbe{df To;nfO{ ;fd|fHojfbL zlQmn]
x'G5 . xfn;Ddsf] cj:yfdf sf+u; ]| – ;/sf/df hf] 8 lbg] / ;3fpg] ;b:o ljlkg ;Ln] atfP . o;k|sf/sf] cfzf u/] s f g] t fx¿n] b] z sf] PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLsf] dxTjk"0f{
k|of]u u/]/ ljs[t agfPsf 5g\ .
Pdfn] u7aGwgn] !$ ;f+;b ePsf] ;+efjgfx¿ klg /x]sf 5g\ . g]sf+ / of]hgf c;f/ dlxgfe/L cufl8 a9fOg] cy{ t Gqdf n' 6 kf6 dRrfO/x] s f] e" l dsf /x] s fn] dxflwj] z gkl5
;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k4lt ;xL
/fk|kf / !) ;f+;b ePsf] PsLs[t Pdfn] s f] ;xdltsf] k| f /lDes / c;f/ @) ut] xl/l;l4df /x]sf] atfpb} eg]– …o;sf] cGTo u/L ;' : ki6 ;dfhjfbL gLlt tyf
sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ n ] d fq ljlw / pTkLl8t, >dhLjL hgtfx¿sf] sfo{qmd cfpg] ljZjf; JoQm u/] .
;dfhjfbLnfO{ ;fy lnP/ cl3a9\g] vfsfcg';f/ k|bz ] ;/sf/x¿df klg k4ltcg' ; f/ k| o f] u ug{–u/fpg kf6L{ sDo'gsf] hUuf -v]t_ df /f]kfOF
k|of; ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 . kfFrl;6 tLg, tLgj6f g]sf+ / Pdfn] tyf ul/g] hfgsf/L lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ljsf; kIfdf ;a} ldn]/ sfd ug{'k5{ .Ú g]skfsf=====
;Sb5g\ . xfn g]kfndf To;nfO{ cfˆgf dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] g]tfx¿n]
ePsf] h;kf g]kfnn] eg] g]sf+Pdfn]sf] dw]z k|bz ] df dw]z s]lGb|t bns} gftfuf]tfnfO{ ;w} ljleGg kbdf ;Ln] u/fP . – sdn ljZjsdf{ / g] t fx¿aLr uDeL/ 5nkmn
kl/jt{g kl5 klg sfd ug{ g;s]
u7aGwgnfO{ ;fy lbg] :ki6
ul/;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . To;}u/L
g]tT[ j x'gk' g]{ h'g elgPsf] 5, Tof]
lat/0f klg c3]{NofOFk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 .
/flv/fVg / kf6L{x¿n] s/f]8f}+ sdfpg g]kfnsf] Joj:yf / g]tfnfO{ hgtfn] kmfNg] x'g'sf ;fy} b]zsf] /fhgLlt lgs}
To;sf] k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ . …hgtfdf b]lvPsf] ps';d's';sf] kl/l:ylt cfpg] r]tfjgL lbP . pgn] hl6n df]8df k'u]sf] lgisif{ lgsfNb}
/fli6«o ;efdf %( l;6 5 . h;sf] To;}n] k|b]zx¿sf] emu8f emg To;}u/L wd{ lg/k]Iftfsf] cf8df c;/ ;/sf/, /fhgLlts bnx¿df
g]kfndf sDo''lgi6x¿sf] Pstfn] o;sf] cu| u fdL / bL3{ s fnLg
b'O{ ltxfO eg]sf] $) l;6 x'G5 . ulxl/P/ hfg] b]lvPsf] 5 . g]sf+ / cfofltt wd{nfO{ ;xh} ufpF ufpF;Dd kl//x]sf] 5 . cfzf u/]sf g]tf /
Pdfn] / sf+u|];sf]dfq} $) l;6 dfq ;dfhjfb;Dd k'lug] ljZjf; ;dfwfgsf] nflu 5nkmnnfO{
Pdfn]n] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf nflu k'¥ofpg / g]kfnLxsfaLrdf kmf6f] tLgsf 5f]/fx¿ e|i6frf/df ;+nUg
k'Ub}g . /fli6«o ;efdf dfcf]jfbL JoQm ub} { ;a} sDo' l gi6x¿ 3lge" t 9+ u n] cuf8L a9fpg]
k|f/lDes ;xdltsf] vfsf;d]t tof/ l;h{gf u/fpg k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . ePsf s'/f ;'Gg kl//x]sf] 5 .
s]Gb|sf cWoIf;lxt !&, sf+u; ]| sf !^, ul/;s]sf] atfOG5 . h;df g]kfns} /fhgLlt sfo{stf{ >dhLjL oGqdf Pstfa4 x'g'kg]{ atfP . ;xdlt ;d]t ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .
g]kfndf )^# sf] kl/jt{gkl5 em08}
Pdfn]sf !), PsLs[t ;dfhjfbLsf d'Vo ;d:ofsf ¿kdf /x]sf] …;+3Lo

af9Lklx/f]af6 hf]lucf}“
!) jif{ nufP/ ;+ljwfg agfOPsf]
cf7, hgtf ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ g]kfnsf zf;gsf] cGTo ug]Ú{ s'/f pNn]v 5}g . lyof] . h;sf nflu /fi6«n] vaf}{ ¿k}ofF
tLg, nf]stflGqs ;dfhjfbL kf6L{, olb ;+3Lo zf;gsf] cGTo gu/L vr{ u/]sf] 5 . hasL ;+;f/df
/fli6« o hgdf] r f{ s f Ps, Ps / ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgug]{ xf]eg] To;sf] s'g}
tLghgf dgf]lgt ;f+;b /x]sf 5g\ . xfn;Dd ;+ljwfg a9Ldf 5dlxgfdf
cy{ /xFb}g . lsgsL xfn b]zdf Go'g vr{n] aGb}cfPsf 5g\ . To;/L
;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf nflu b'O{ltxfO
k'¥ofpg sf+u|];–Pdfn] u7aGwgn]
b] l vPsf cfly{ s , ;fdflhs /
/fhgLlts ;d:ofsf] h8 eg]s} ;+3Lo
!) aif{ nufP/ agfO{Psf] )&@ sf]
;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff ub}{ …cflw vfnL /x]sf]Ú
hyfefjL ;8s lgdf{0f / jg ljgfzn] af9Lklx/f]
cf7hgf ;f+ ; b /x] s f] PsLs[ t
;dfhjfbL / nf] ; kf;lxtsf
zf;g xf] . pgLx¿n] ;dfg'kflts
k|ltlglwTjsf cfwf/df r'lgP/ cfpg]
elgPsf] lyof] . ;f] ;+ l jwfg
/fhgLltk|lt rf;f] /fVg]x¿n] ;/;lt{
lgDTofpg] x'“bfM
bnx¿nfO{ klg ;d]6g\ k' g]{ b]lvPsf]
5 . To;}n] ca aGg] elgPsf] g]sf+ /
;f+;bnfO{ /fli6«o ;efdf n}hfg],
pk/fi6«kltnfO{ ;f] ;efsf] cWoIf
k9\g;d]t gkfpFb} rf/ dlxgf leq}df Ø j[Iff/f]k0f u/f},F jgh+un hf]ufcf},F af9Lklx/f] lgoGq0f u/f}+ .
Pdfn]sf] u7aGwg ;/sf/n] ;xh} klxnf] ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] lyof] . To;df
;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug]{–u/fpg] s'g}
agfpg], k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o ;ef klg clwsf+z PghLcf]sf Ph]08fx¿ Ø klx/f]sf] hf]lvd ePsf If]q tyf gbL lsgf/df ?v, afF;, lgufnf]h:tf
b'js } f] l;6 ;+Vofaf/] klg k'glj{rf/ /x]sf lyP . g]sf+sf tTsfnLg ;efklt
;+efjgf /x]sf] 5}g . sf+u|]; / Pdfn]
;dem\bf/Lsf] k|f/lDes d:of}bfdf s]kL ug{ ;lsg] / kflnsfsf] ;+Vof &%# tyf k|wfgdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnfn]
e'–Ifo /f]Sg] vfnsf lj?jf /f]kf}+ / ;+/If0f u/f}+ .
cf]nL b'O{jif{ k|wfgdGqL, z]/axfb'/ af6 cem} 36fP/ j8fsf] ;+Vof j[l4 k|:tfj u/]sf] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgnfO{ Ø cfˆgf] a:tL tyf ;d'bfosf] /Iff u/f}+ .
b] p jf afF s L cjlw r' g fj;Dd ug{] eg]sf 5g\ . vf;df of] :yfgLo ;+;b\df /x]sf ;a} bnsf k|ltlglwn]
k|wfgdGqL aGg] eGg] /x]sf] 5 . t/ :jfot zf;gnfO{ yk lg?T;flxt ug]{ h:tfsf] t:t} kfl/t ug'{k5{ eGb} Ø af9L tyf klx/f] uPsf] ;"rgf tNnf] t6Lo If]qdf lbcf}+ .
/fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ elgPsfn] s'/f xf] . ;+ljwfg k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ x:tfIf/ u/] s f lyP . ca klg
cGo bnx¿nfO{ ;/sf/df Nofpg k"j{k|wfgGofofwLz sNof0f >]i7s} PghLcf]–cfOPghLcf] dfkm{t\ ljb]zLsf af9Lklx/f]af6 cfk"m klg arf}+ c?nfO{ klg arfcf}+ .
dxTjk" 0 f{ dGqfnox¿ / g]tT[ jdf ;ldlt agfpg] pgLx¿sf] afFsL Ph]08f yKgsf nflu ;+ljwfg
;f]xLcg';f/sf] ;+Vof lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . k"j{ ;xdltn] )&@ sf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ nfluPsf] :ki6 5 .
o;cl3sf] glh/nfO{ x]bf{ Pdfn]n] yk c:tJo:t agfpg / PghLcf]– g]kfnaf6 sDo'lgi6x¿nfO{ ;dfKt
b'Oa{ if{kl5 ;xh} ;Qf x:tfGt/0f ug]{ cfOPghLcf]s/0f ug{ vf]lhPsf] :ki6 kfg]{ / g]kfneGg] b]zsf] gfdf]lgzfg
;+efjgf sd 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ePsf] 5 . k| b ] z ;efdf d] 6 fpg] u /L ljb] z L ;fd| f HojfbL
&^=@ cGtu{ts} ;/sf/ agfpg] ;dfg'kfltstkm{sf] k|fjwfg x6fP/ x:tIf]k e}/x]sf] 5 . xfn ;+;b\df
zf] r df /x] s f g] s f+ / Pdfn] n ] k|ToIf lgjf{lrtdfq} /fVg] lasNkaf/] /x]sf clwsf+z bn pgLx¿s} v]tfnf
;+ l jwfgsf] JofVofaf/] /fi6« k lt klg g]sf+ / Pdfn]n] 5nkmn u/]sf] ePsfn] pgLx¿af6 cfzf ug]{ 7fpF
elgG5 . b]pjf / cf]nLn] x:tfIf/
sfof{nosf] :ki6tf rfx]sf] b]lvPsf] 5}g . To;}n] ca gofF ;/sf/ aGg' g] k fn ;/sf/

lj1fkg af]8{
5 . t/ To;df sltko lålawf / u/]/ ;xdltnfO{ k"0f{tf;d]t lbO;s]sf] klg g]kfnL hgtfsf nflu …sfunfO{
sfg"gL hl6ntfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . To;}n] cj:yf 5 . t/ g]kfndf ldl>t a]n kfs] ;/xÚ xf] .
;/sf/ u7gsf] s'/f cbfnt;Dd
k'Ug] ;+efjgf 5 . ca k|ltkIfdf k'Ug]
lgjf{rg k|0ffnL /x];Dd efF8e}nf]sf]
cGTo x' g ] s' g } ;+ e fjgf 5} g .
g]skf=====
pTkfbgnfO{ a9fjf lbFb} b]znfO{
sltko bnn] )*) kmfu'g @! cl3s} ;dfg' k flts lgjf{ r g k4lt / cfTdlge{/ agfpg] / ;lxb, a]kQf,
u7aGwg Ao'Ftfpg k|of; ul//x]sfn] wd{ l g/k] I ftf sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ s f 3fOt], sfo{stf{ kl/jf/ / ul/a
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt, ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
| M lwDn] ckm;]6 k|;
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs ] , b]jLgu/, kmf]gM %!&@^%%

You might also like