Place Value Knowledge Organiser

Topics Key Skills Key Vocabulary

• Place Value • Identify the value of digits in • ascending • place value
• Comparing and Ordering Numbers numbers.
• cube number • prime factor
• Negative Numbers • Be able to read and write any
number. • decimal • prime number
• Rounding and Estimating
• Order positive and negative numbers. • decimal places • rounding
• Number properties
• Compare numbers using the symbols • descending • significant figures
• Highest Common Factor
<, >, ≤, ≥ and =
• Lowest Common Multiple • digits • square number
• Order decimals.
Handy Resources • equal to • triangular number
• Round numbers to the nearest
Place Value Support Grid whole number or a given number of
• estimating • whole number
decimal places.
hundred ten
million million
million hundred ten
thousand thousand
thousand hundreds tens units • factor
• Round numbers to a given number of
thousand
million

sshhh!
significant figures. • highest common factor
• Know what a prime number is and
• integer
be able to identify them.
• less than
• Know what a square number is and
Key Numbers
be able to identify them. • lowest common multiple
Square
• Know what a cube number is and be
• more than
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225, … able to identify them.
• multiple
Cube • Know the difference between factors
and multiples. • negative number
1, 8, 27, 64, 125, …
• Find the highest common factor and
Prime • ordering
lowest common multiple of any set
of numbers.
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, …

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 Place Value Knowledge Organiser
All those things you need to remember… GCSE Corner
• To identify the value of a digit in any number, use your place value grid. Bronze
• < means less than, > means more than, ≤ means less than or equal to, ≥ means more than or equal to and = means equal to. 7.15 × 2.14

• Negative numbers get smaller the further from zero they go, for example, -10 is smaller than -2. Show how an estimation to this calculation
is 14.
• Your rounding rules: If the decider digit is < 5, we round down but if the decider digit is < 5, we round up.
Worked solution:
• To round a number, first identify the place value column to which you are being asked to round; look at the digit and column to the right of
this; apply your rounding rules. For example, if you were to round 15.21 to one decimal place, you would firstly identify the column (the tenths 7.15 ×× 2.14
7.15 2.14
column). Then look at the decider, which is to the right of the tenths column. In this column, there is a ‘1’ which means that you round down,
hence the 2 will remain the same and the answer is 15.2. 77 ×× 22 == 14
14

• When rounding whole numbers to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000, you will need to replace any rounded digits with the correct number of zeros Silver
so the place value of the original digits remains the same. For example, 721 rounded to the nearest 100 is 700. Write down all the possible whole number
values of x if:
• Significant figures mean ‘to have value’. When we round to significant figures, we start counting as soon as we reach a number that is not zero.
For example, 16 rounded to 1 significant figure is 20. 1<x≤5

• To estimate answers to questions, we round the numbers up or down to ‘nicer’ numbers that make the question easier to calculate mentally. We Worked solution:
can round to 1 significant figure to make these ‘nice’ numbers. Always remember to read these questions carefully to make sure you do estimate
the answer and not calculate it exactly! << means
means less
less than
than

• A square number is the result of multiplying a number by itself, for example 2 × 2 = 4. ≤≤ means
means less
less than
than or
or equal
equal to
to

• A cube number is the product of three numbers which are the same, for example 3 × 3 × 3 = 27. Therefore, xx could
Therefore, could be
be 2,
2, 3,
3, 44 or
or 5.
5.

• A prime number is a whole number, larger than 1, which is only divisible by 1 or itself. Remember, 1 is not a prime number and 2 is the only Gold
even prime number.
When a number is rounded to the nearest
• Factors are whole numbers that divide exactly into another number. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12. 100, it gives 200. When the same number is
rounded to the nearest 10, it gives 250. The
• A perfect number is a whole number greater than zero which is equal to the sum of its factors (including 1 but excluding the number itself). number is a whole number. Write down a
For example, 6 is a perfect number. The factors of 6 are 1, 2, 3 and 6. We exclude the factor 6 but add the remaining factors. 1 + 2 + 3 = 6 possible value for what the number could be.
therefore 6 is a perfect number.
Worked solution:
• A multiple of a number is the product of that number and any other whole number. For example, the first 5 multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15.
When rounded to the nearest
When nearest 10,
10, solutions
solutions
• To find the highest common factor of two numbers, find the prime factors of each number and identify the common prime factors. The highest could be 245, 246, 247,
could 247, 248,
248, 249,
249, 250,
250,
common factor can be found by multiplying the common prime factors. 251, 252,
251, 252, 253
253 or
or 254.
254.

• The lowest common multiple is the smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers. For example, the lowest common multiple of 4 However, when rounded to the
However, the nearest
nearest100,
100,
and 8 is 8 or the lowest common multiple of 4 and 5 is 20. You can find the lowest common multiple by listing the multiples of both numbers, itit gives 200, therefore possible
possible answers
answers are
are
and circling the lowest number which is the same in both lists. Alternatively, you can find the prime factors for both numbers and place these 245, 246,
245, 246, 247,
247, 248
248 or
or 249.
249.
into a Venn diagram. Then multiply everything together in your Venn diagram.

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