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 Case Study Based Questions
Real Numbers
1. A seminar is being conducted by an Educational Organization, where the
participants will be educators of different subjects. The number of participants for
the subjects Hindi, English and Mathematics are 60, 84 and 108 respectively.

(A) In each room the same number of participants are to be seated and all of them
belong to the same subject, hence find the maximum number of participants that can
be accommodated in each room.
(B) What is the minimum number of rooms required during the seminar?
2. To enhance the reading skills of grade X students, the school nominates you and
two of your friends to set up a class library. There are two sections-section A and
section B of grade X. There are 32 students in section A and 36 students in section B

(A) What is the minimum number of books you will acquire for the class library, so
that they can be distributed equally among students of Section A or Section B?
(B) If the product of two positive integers is equal to the product of their HCF and
LCM is true, then find the HCF (32, 36).

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(C) If p and q are positive integers such that p = ab² and q = a²b, where a, b are prime
numbers, then find the LCM (p, q).

Answer
1. (A) 12
(B) 21
(C) HCF=12, LCM=3780
2. (A) 288
(B) HCF=4
(C) LCM=a2b2

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 Case Study Based Questions
Polynomials
1. Parabolas can be seen in nature or in manmade items. From the paths of thrown
baseballs, to satellite dishes and to fountains, this geometric shape is prevalent, and
even functions to help focus light and radio waves.

The shape of the arch of the building shown in the figure above is a parabola and it is
represented by the polynomial p(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0. The axis of symmetry of a
parabola is a vertical line that divides the parabola into two congruent halves. The
axis of symmetry always passes through the vertex of the parabola. The x-coordinate
of the vertex is the equation of the axis of symmetry of the parabola.

(A) If the arch of the building is represented by the polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) = 4𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1

then find its zeroes.

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 5
(B) Find the representation of the building arch whose sum of zeroes is − and
4
product of zeroes is 0.
(C) Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 5 + 2√3 and 5 − 2√3.
2. An asana is a body posture, originally and still a general term for a sitting
meditation pose and later extended in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise, to
any type of pose or position, adding reclining, standing, inverted, twisting and
balancing poses. In the figure, one can observe that poses can be related to
representation of quadratic polynomial.

(A) Name the shape of the poses shown in the figure above.
(B) In the graph, how many zeroes are there for the polynomial?
(C) Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 4√3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2√3.

Answer
𝟏
1. (A) 𝒙 = 𝟏, −
𝟒

(B) 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙
(C) 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙 + 𝟏𝟑
2. (A) from the figure we can see that the poses are in the shape of a parabola
(B) 2
√𝟑 −𝟐
(C) and
𝟒 √𝟑

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 Case Study Based Questions
Linear Equations
1. The residents of a group housing society at Dwarka decided to build a rectangular
portion of flowers around their society garden to beautify it.

One of the members of the society made some calculations and informed that if the
length of the rectangular garden is increased by 2 m and the breadth reduced by 2 m,
the area gets reduced by 12 sq. m. If, however, the length is decreased by 1 m and
breadth increased by 3 m, the area of the rectangle is increased by 21 sq. m.
(A) Find the dimensions of the rectangular garden.
(B) In the give situation, find the coordinates of the points where the two lines, when
plotted on a graph paper, intersect the x-axis.
(C) Find the value of k for which the system of equations 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 4 = 0 and
2𝑥 + 𝑘𝑦 = 3 has no solution.
2. It is common that Governments revise travel fares from time to time based on
various factors such as inflation (a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing
value of money) on different types of vehicles like auto rickshaws, taxis, radio cab,
etc. The auto charges in a city comprise of a fixed charge together with the charge for
the distance covered. Study the following situations:

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Situation 1: In city A, for a journey of 10 km, the charge paid is ₹ 75 and for a journey
of 15 km, the charge paid ₹ 110.
Situation 2: In a city B, for a journey of 8 km, the charge paid is ₹ 91 and for a journey
of 14 km, the charge paid is ₹ 145.
(A) If the fixed charges of auto rickshaw be ₹ x and the running charges be ₹ y km/hr,
then find the pair of linear equations representing the situation 1.
(B) In situation 1, if a person travels a distance of 50 km. What is the amount he has
to pay?
(C) What will a person have to pay for travelling a distance of 30 km in situation 2?

Answer
1. (A) 10m and 6m
(B) (4, 0) & (8, 0)
(C) k=2
2. (A) 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟓𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎
(B) 355
(C) 289

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 Case Study Based Questions
Quadratic Equations
1. A passenger while boarding a plane slipped from the stairs and got hurt. The pilot
took the passenger to the emergency clinic at the airport for treatment. Due to this,
plane got delayed by half an hour. To reach the destination 1500 km away in time, so
that the passengers could catch the connecting flight, the speed of the plane was
increased by 250 km/h than the usual speed. On the basis of above information,
answer the following questions:

(A) If x represent the usual speed of the plane, then find the quadratic equation in x,
formed in this case.
(B) What is the usual speed of the plane?
(C) Find the increased speed of the plane.
2. Raj and Ajay are very close friends. Both of their families decide to go to Ranikhet
by their own cars. Raj's car travels at a speed of x km/h while Ajay's car travels 5
km/h faster than Raj's car. Raj took 4 hours more than Ajay to complete the journey
of 400 km.

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(A) What will be the distance covered by Ajay's car in two hours?
(B) What is the quadratic equation in terms of speed of Raj's car?
(C) What is the speed of Raj's car?

Answer
1. (A) 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝒙 − 𝟕𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 = 𝟎
(B) 750 km/hr
(C) 1000 km/hr
2. (A) 2x+10 km
(B) 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟓𝟎𝟎 = 𝟎
(C) 20 km/hr

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 Case Study Based Questions
Arithmetic Progressions
1. Me Meena's mother wanted the independence to manage her own affairs, make
her own choices, etc. without requiring assistance from others. So, she opened her
new shoe shop. She displayed the shoes by placing three pairs in the first row, five
pairs in the second row, seven pairs in the third row, and so on.

On the basis of above information, answer the following questions.

(A) If she puts a total of 120 pairs of shoes, then find the number of rows required:
(B) Find the difference of pairs of shoes in 17th row and 10th row.
(C) On next day, she arranges x pairs of shoes in 15 rows, find the value of x.
2. The school auditorium was to be constructed to accommodate at least 1500
people. The chairs are to be placed in concentric circular arrangement in such a way
that each succeeding circular row has 10 seats more than the previous one.

(A) If the first circular row has 30 seats, how many seats will be there in the 10th
row?

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(B) For 1500 seats in the auditorium, how many rows need to be there?
OR
If 1500 seats are to be arranged in the auditorium, how many seats are still left to be
put after 10th row?
(C) If there were 17 rows in the auditorium, how many seats will be there in the
middle row?

Answer
1. (A) 10
(B) 14
(C) 31
2. (A) 120
(B) 15 OR 750
(C) 110 seats

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 Case Study Based Questions
Triangles
1. While driving through the hills, Sneha observed a bridge in the shape of a
trapezium with the diagonals AC and BD intersecting each other at the point O.

(A) ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC and P and Q are points on AD and BC,
respectively such that PQ || DC. If PD = 18 cm, BQ = 35 cm and QC = 15 cm, then the
length of side AD.
(B) In a trapezium PQRS, PQ || SR. The diagonals PR and QS intersect at O. / OP = 3
cm, OR = 2 cm and OS = 4 cm, then find the length of side OQ.
(C) In the given figure, AB || DC and diagonals AC and BD intersects at O. and
OA = 3x – 1 and OB = 2x + 1, 0C = 5x - 3 and OD = 6x - 5 then find the value of x.

2. While browsing through the catalogue of wooden shelves, Ravi came across this
beautiful triangular shaped shelf. In the shelf, DE is parallel to the base BC could be
used for displaying small plants and showpieces.

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(A) Find the relation between the sides AD, DB, AE and EC. Also, mention the
theorem used.
(B) Find the value of x if AD = (x + 3) cm, BD = (3x + 19) cm, AE = x cm and EC = (3x +
4) cm.
(C) D and E are the points on the sides AB and AC respectively of a ∆ABC. If AB = 9 cm,
AC = 18 cm, AD = 2 cm and AE = 4 cm, then prove that DE||BC.

Answer
1. (A) AD=60cm
(B) OQ=6cm
(C) x=2
𝑨𝑫 𝑨𝑬
2. (A) Since, DE is parallel to BC, so by basic proportionality theorem =
𝑩𝑫 𝑪𝑬

(B) 𝒙 = 𝟐

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 Case Study Based Questions
Coordinate Geometry
1. Alia and Shagun are friends living on the same street in Patel Nagar. Shagun’s
house is at the intersection of one street with another street on which there is a
library. They both study in the same school and that is not far from Shagun's house.
Suppose the school is situated at the point O, i.e., the origin, Alia's house is at A.
Shagun’s house is at B and library is at C. Based on the above information, answer the
following questions.

(i) How far is Alia's house from Shagun’s house?

(ii) How far is the library from Shagun’s house?
(iii) Show that for Shagun, school is farther compared to Alia’s house and library.
OR
Show that Alia’s house, shagun’s house and library for an isosceles right triangle.
2. The students of Class X of a secondary school have been allotted a rectangular plot
of land for their gardening activity. Saplings are being planted on the boundary at a
distance of 1 m from each other. There is a triangular grassy lawn in the plot as
shown in the figure. The students are to row seeds of the flowering plant on the
remaining area of the plot.

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(i) If a tree is to be planted exactly in the middle of the triangle PQR ie. at the
centroid of ∆PQR to give shed to the people sitting in the lawn, then find the
coordinates of the point where the tree should be planted 1
(ii) What type of triangle is formed by the grassy lawn?

Answer
1. (i) 2 units
(ii) 2 units
(iii) √5 units or 2√2 units
2. (i) (3,3),𝑄(8,2),𝑅(6,5)
3+8+6 3+2+5 17 10
Coordinates of required point are ( , )=( , )
3 3 3 10

(ii) 𝑃𝑅 = 𝑄𝑅 = √3
𝑃𝑄 = √26
𝑃𝑄 2 = 𝑃𝑅 2 + 𝑄𝑅 2
∆ 𝑃𝑄𝑅 is an isosceles right triangle

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 Case Study Based Questions
Trigonometry
1. Built in the 13th century, the magnificent Qutub- Minar in Delhi, in red and buff
sandstone is the highest tower in India. It is an architectural marvel of Ancient India.
Qutub-ud-Din Aibak of Slave Dynasty laid the foundation of Minar in A.D. 1199 for
the use of mu'azzin (crier) to give calls for prayer and raised the first storey, to which
three more storeys were added by his successor and son-in-law, Shams-ud-Din
Iltutmish (A.D. 1211-36).
Let us take the height PQ of Qutub Minar as 72 m for ease of calculations (though
actual height is 72.5 m) and distance of point R from Q as 65 m.

(A) Find the value of cos R.

(B) Find the value of cosec P - cot P
(C) Find the value of sin2 P +cos2P
2. Rekha owns a rectangular-shaped gardening block, and she is planning to grow lots
of fruits and vegetables in that. The block measures12 m by 5 m and the ∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 = 𝜃.

12 m

C
D 5m

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(A) Determine the value of 12 tan θ.
(B) Determine the value of tan² θ.
1−tan 𝜃
(c) Determine the value of
1+𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃

Answer
𝟔𝟓
1. (A)
𝟗𝟕
𝟓
(B)
𝟏𝟑

(C) 1
2. (A) 5
𝟐𝟓
(B)
𝟏𝟒𝟒
𝟏𝟏𝟗
(C) or 0.704
𝟏𝟔𝟗

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 Case Study Based Questions
Application of Trigonometry
1. An inclinometer is an instrument that is used for measuring angles of slope,
elevation or depression of an object, with respect to gravity's direction.
The angle of elevation of an aeroplane from a point P on the ground is 45°. After
flying for 15 seconds, the angle of elevation changes to 30°. If the aeroplane is flying
at a constant height of 2500 m, then answer the following questions:

(A) Draw a labelled figure based on the given information.

(B) Calculate the distance covered by the plane during the period of observation
(C) What is the average speed of the aeroplane? [use √3 = 1.73]
2. The Surya Kiranis an aerobatics demonstraction team of the Indian Air Force, and
was formed in 1996. In Surya Kiran demonstrations, fighter pilots perform aerobatic
maneuvers in groups of 3, to entertain an audience.
Anuja and Sarthak are watching planes A, B and C at a Surya Kiran demonstration in
Jaipur. Anuja is watching the demonstration from the Hawa Mahal, while Sarthak is
at the City Palace. Both of them are 1365 m apart, as shown in the figure below.

(A) When the angle of elevation of plane B from Anuja's eyes is 30°, the plane's
altitude is 675 m above ground. What is its horizontal distance from where Anuja is
standing? Draw the figure and show your steps.

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(B) When the planes are in landing formation, the pilot from plane B can see plane A
at an angle of elevation of 30°. Plane B is 740 m above ground level, and the
horizontal distance between plane A and plane B is 50√3 m.
What is the altitude of plane A? Draw the figure and shown your steps.
(C) The angle of elevation of plane C from Sarthak's eyes is 60°, while its angle of
elevation from Anuja's eyes is 45°. What is the plane's horizontal distance from
Sarthak? Draw the rough figure and show your steps.

Answer A A’

1. (A)
2500 m

45° 30°
P
B B
(B) 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎(√𝟑 − 𝟏)𝒎 ’

(C) 121.67 m/sec.

2. (A) B

675 m
30°
P Q

Distance= 675√3𝑚
(B) A

30°
B
50√3 𝑚
m 740 m

Anuja D Sarthak

Altitude of Plan is=790 m

C
(C)

45° 90° 60°

P O
Anuja M Sarthak
1365 m

1365
Distance = 𝑚
√3+1

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 Case Study Based Questions
Circles
1. A Ferris wheel (or a big wheel in the United Kingdom) is an amusement ride
consisting of a rotating upright wheel with multiple passenger-carrying components
or passenger cars attached to the rim in such a way that as the wheel turns, they are
kept upright.

AB is a chord of the outer wheel which touches the inner wheel at P. The radius of
the inner wheel = 8 m and radius of outer wheel = 10 m.
(A) Find the length of the chord AB of the outer circle.
(B) The chord AB of the outer wheel is extended to a point C. If BC = 9 m, then find
the distance of the point C from the centre of the wheel.
(C) A line is drawn from the point C to touch the outer wheel at the point D. Find the
length CD.
2. A tomato slice is taken, which is circular in shape and is placed inside a
quadrilateral frame as shown in the figure below:
Consider the lengths BP = 3cm, DS = 5cm and BC=7cm.
(A) If the perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD is 36 cm, then find the length of AS
(B) In the figure below, a circle is inscribed in a quadrilateral ABCD in which ∠B=90° .
Further, AD=23 cm, AB=29 cm and DS=5 cm.

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Find the length of AQ.
(C) With reference to the figure at (B) above, the radius (r) of the circle:

Answer
1. (A) 12 m
(B) 17 m
(C) 𝟑√𝟐𝟏𝒎
2. (A) 6 cm
(B) 18 cm
(C) 11 cm

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 Case Study Based Questions
Area Related to Circles
1. The South Central Zone of Indian Railways has commissioned the longest
electrified railway tunnel in the country. According to local media reports, the
construction of the 6.6 km-long tunnel took 43 months to complete. The electrified
railway tunnel is situated between Cherlopalli and Rapuru stations as a part of the
Obulavaripalli- Venkatachalam railway line. The tunnel is expected to facilitate freight
movement in the region, reducing the distance between Krishnapatnam Port and
hinterland areas by nearly 60 km.
The adjoining figure shows a cross-section of the railway tunnel, which is a part of a
circle. The radius OA of the circular part is 4 m and ∠AOB = 90°.

(a) Considering the tunnel to be part of a circle as shown below, find the area of
minor segment

(B) Find the area of major segment.

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 90°

(C) Find the perimeter of cross-section.

2. A brooch is a small piece of jewelry, which has a pin at the back so it can be
fastened on a dress, blouse or coat. Designs of some brooch are shown. Observe
them carefully.

Design I: Brooch I is made with silver wire in the form of a circle with diameter 28
mm. The wire used for making 4 diameters divide the circle into 8 equal parts.
Design II: Brooch Il is made with two colours: gold and silver. Outer part is made with
gold. The circumference of silver part is 44 mm and the gold part is 3 mm wide
everywhere.
(A) Find the total length of silver wire required. (Refer design I)
(B) Find the area of each sector of the brooch. (Refer design I)
(C) Find the circumference of outer part (golden). (Refer design II)

Answer
1. (A) 𝟒(𝝅 − 𝟐)𝒎𝟐
(B) 𝟒(𝟑𝝅 + 𝟐)𝒄𝒎𝟐
(C) (𝟔𝝅 + 𝟒√𝟐)𝒎
2. (A) 200 mm
(B) 77 mm2
(C) 62.86 mm

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 Case Study Based Questions
Surface Area and Volumes
1. A bird bird bath is a small shallow pond, or fountain, created like a basin in which
birds may drink, bathe and cool themselves.
One day, Aniket, a student of class IV, saw some birds drinking water from potholes.
He feels sad for them and asked his elder brother, Anshumann, who is in class X, to
make a bird- bath. His brother bought some material from their store and prepare a
bird bath in the shape of a cylinder with a hemispherical depression at one end.

If the height of cylindrical part of bird-bath is 1.4 m and diameter of base is 70 cm,
22
then answer the following questions: [Use 𝜋 = ]
70 cm 7

1.4 m

(A) Find the total surface area of the bird-bath.

(B) Find the ratio of the volumes of cylindrical part and the hemispherical part of the
bird-bath.
(C) If the base radius of the cylinder is decreased to 30 cm then find the difference in
the total surface area of the bird-bath.
2. Mathematics teacher of a school took her 10th standard students to show Red
fort. It was a part of their Educational trip. The teacher had interest in history as well.
She narrated the facts of Red fort to students. Then the teacher said in the
monument one can find combination of solid figures. There are 2 pillars which are
cylindrical in shape. Also 2 domes at the corners which are hemispherical. 7 smaller
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domes at the centre. Flag hoisting ceremony on Independence Day takes place near
these domes.

(A) How much cloth material will be required to cover 2 big domes each of radius 2.5
22
metres? [Take 𝜋 = ].
7
(B) Find the lateral surface area of two pillars if height of the each pillar is 7 m and
radius of the base is 1.4 m.
(C) What is the ratio of sum of volumes of two hemispheres of radius 1 m each to the
volume of a sphere of radius 2 m?

Answer
1. (A) 38500 cm2
(B) 6:1
(C) 6442.86 cm2
2. (A) 78.57 m2
(B) 123.2 m2
(C) 1:8

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 Case Study Based Questions
Statistics
1. Each year, most schools conduct pre-board examinations for their school students
to prepare them for the board examinations conducted by CBSE.

The following table shows the marks obtained by 50 students of class X in

mathematics:
Marks obtained Number of students
0-10 1
10-20 3
20-30 4
30-40 6
40-50 7
50-60 3
60-70 9
70-80 7
80-90 6
90-1000 4
(A) Find the upper limit of modal class.
(B) Find the class mark of the modal class.
(C) Find the modal marks obtained by students
2. 100 surnames were randomly picked up from a local telephone directory and the
frequency distribution of the number of letters in the English alphabets in the
surnames was obtained as follows:

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 Number of letters Number of surnames
1-4 6
4-7 30
7-10 40
10-13 16
13-16 4
16-19 4
(A) Determine the median number of letters in the surnames.
(B) Find the modal number of letters in the surnames.
(C) Find the mean number of letters in the surnames.

Answer
1. (A) 70
(B) 65
(C) 67.5
2. (A) 8.05
(B) 7.88
(C) 8.32

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 Case Study Based Questions
Probability
1. On a weekend, Rani was playing cards with her family. The deck has 52 cards. If her
brother drew one card.

(A) What is the probability of getting a king of red colour?

(B) What is the probability of getting a face card?
(C) What is the probability of getting a jack of hearts if all Queens are removed from
the deck?
2. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at
one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (see figure) and these are equally likely
outcomes.

(A) What is the probability that spinning arrow will point at 8?

(B) What is the probability that spinning arrow will point at an odd number?
(C) What is the probability that spinning arrow will point at a number greater than 2
?

Answer
1 3 1
1. (A) (B) (C)
26 13 48
1 1 3
2. (A) (B) (C)
8 2 4

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