PPL EXAM : 2017 A
PPL – HUMAN PERFORMANCE 12. Which technique should a pilot use to scan for traffic to the
1. During a night flight, you observe a steady red light and a
flashing red light ahead and at the same altitude. What is
the general direction of movement of the other aircraft?
A) The other aircraft is crossing to the left.
B) The other aircraft is crossing to the right.
C) The other aircraft is approaching head-on.
2. During a night flight, you observe steady red and green lights
ahead and at the same altitude. What is the general
direction of movement of the other aircraft?
A) The other aircraft is crossing to the left.
B) The other aircraft is flying away from you.
C) The other aircraft is approaching head-on.
3. During a night flight, you observe a steady white light and a
flashing red light ahead and at the same altitude. What is
the general direction of movement of the other aircraft?
A) The other aircraft is flying away from you.
B) The other aircraft is crossing to the left.
C) The other aircraft is crossing to the right.
4. What is the most effective way to use the eyes during night
flight?
A) Look only at far away, dim lights.
B) Scan slowly to permit off center viewing.
C) Concentrate directly on each object for a few seconds.
5. The best method to use when looking for other traffic at night
is to
A) Look to the side of the object and scan slowly.
B) Scan the visual field very rapidly.
C) Look to the side of the object and scan rapidly.
6. The most effective method of scanning for other aircraft for
collision avoidance during nighttime hours is to use
A) Regularly spaced concentration on the 3-, 9-, and 12-
o'clock positions.
B) A series of short regularly spaced eye movements to search
each 30-degree
sector.
C) Peripheral vision by scanning small sectors and utilizing
off center
viewing.
7. Large accumulations of carbon monoxide in the human body
result in
A) Tightness across the forehead.
B) Loss of muscular power.
C) An increased sense of well-being.
8. Susceptibility to carbon monoxide poisoning increases as
A) Altitude increases.
B) Altitude decreases.
C) Air pressure increases.
9. Which statement best defines hypoxia?
A state of oxygen deficiency in the body.
An abnormal increase in the volume of air breathed.
A condition of gas bubble formation around the joints or muscles.
10. The most effective method of scanning for other aircraft for
collision avoidance during daylight hours is to use
Regularly spaced concentration on the 3-, 9-, and 12-o'clock
positions.
A series of short regularly spaced eye movements to search each
10-degree sector.
Peripheral vision by scanning small sectors and utilizing off center
viewing.
11. Rapid or extra deep breathing while using oxygen can cause
a condition known as
Hyperventilation.
Aero sinusitis.
Aerotitis.
right and left during straight-and-level flight?
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short
intervals.
Concentrate on relative movement detected in the peripheral
vision area.
Continuous sweeping of the windshield from right to left.
13. How can you determine if another aircraft is on a collision
course with your aircraft?
The other aircraft will always appear to get larger and closer at a
rapid rate.
The nose of each aircraft is pointed at the same point in space.
There will be no apparent relative motion between your aircraft
and the other aircraft.
14. If a pilot experiences spatial disorientation during flight in a
restricted visibility condition, the best way to overcome
the effect is to
Rely upon the aircraft instrument indications.
Concentrate on yaw, pitch, and roll sensations.
Consciously slow the breathing rate until symptoms clear
and then resume normal breathing rate.
15. Pilots are more subject to spatial disorientation if
They ignore the sensations of muscles and inner ear.
Body signals are used to interpret flight attitude.
Eyes are moved often in the process of cross-checking the
flight instruments.
16. The danger of spatial disorientation during flight in poor
visual conditions may be reduced by
Shifting the eyes quickly between the exterior visual field
and the instrument panel.
Having faith in the instruments rather than taking a chance
on the sensory organs.
Leaning the body in the opposite direction of the motion of
the aircraft.
17. A person may not act as a crewmember of a civil aircraft if
alcoholic beverages have been consumed by that person
within the preceding
8 hours.
12 hours.
24 hours.
18. Which is true regarding the presence of alcohol within the
human body?
A small amount of alcohol increases vision acuity.
An increase in altitude decreases the adverse effect of alcohol.
Judgment and decision-making abilities can be adversely
affected by even small amounts of alcohol.
19. Hypoxia is the result of which of these conditions?
Excessive oxygen in the bloodstream.
Insufficient oxygen reaching the brain.
Excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream.
20. Why is hypoxia particularly dangerous during flights with one
pilot?
Night vision may be so impaired that the pilot cannot see
other aircraft.
Symptoms of hypoxia may be difficult to recognize before
the pilot's reactions are affected.
The pilot may not be able to control the aircraft even if using
oxygen.
21. Which statement is correct regarding the use of cockpit
lighting for night flight?
Reducing the lighting intensity to a minimum level will
eliminate blind spots.
The use of regular white light, such as a flashlight, will impair
night adaptation.
Coloration shown on maps is least affected by the use of
direct red lighting.
22. What action should be taken if hyperventilation is
suspected?
Breathe at a slower rate by taking very deep breaths.
Consciously breathe at a slower rate than normal.
Consciously force yourself to take deep breaths and breathe
at a faster rate than normal.
PPL EXAM : 2017 A

23. How can an instrument pilot best overcome spatial 34. Which is a common symptom of hyperventilation?
disorientation?
Drowsiness.
Use a very rapid cross check. Decreased breathing rate.
Properly interpret the flight instruments and act Euphoria- sense of well-being.
accordingly.
Avoid banking in excess of 30°. 35. As hyperventilation progresses a pilot can experience

24. Which would most likely result in Hyperventilation? Decreased breathing rate and depth.
Heightened awareness and feeling of well-being.
Emotional tension, anxiety or fear. Symptoms of suffocation and drowsiness.
The excessive consumption of alcohol.
An extremely slow rate of breathing and insufficient oxygen. 36. To overcome the symptoms of hyperventilation, a pilot
should
25. A pilot should be able to overcome the symptoms or avoid
future occurrences of hyperventilation by Swallow or yawn.
Slow the breathing rate.
Closely monitoring the flight instruments to control the Increase the breathing rate.
airplane.
Slowing the breathing rate, breathing into a bag, or talking 37. Which would most likely result in hyperventilation?
aloud.
Increasing the breathing rate in order to increase lung Insufficient oxygen.
ventilation. Excessive carbon monoxide.
Insufficient carbon dioxide.
26. The danger of spatial disorientation during flight in poor
visual conditions may be reduced by 38. To best overcome the effects of spatial disorientation, a pilot
should
Shifting the eyes quickly between the exterior visual field
and the instrument panel Rely on the body sensations.
Having faith in the instruments rather than taking taking a Increase the breathing rate.
chance on the sensory organs. Rely on aircraft instrument indications.
Leaning the body in the opposite direction of the motion of
the aircraft. 39. To scan properly for traffic, a pilot should

27. A state of temporary confusion resulting from misleading Continuously sweep vision field.
information being sent to the brain by various sensory Concentrate on any peripheral movement detected.
organs is defined as Systematically focus on different segments of vision field
for short intervals.
Spatial disorientation
Hyperventilation 40. A pilot is more subject to spatial disorientation if
Hypoxia
Kinesthetic senses are ignored.
28. Which technique should a pilot use to scan for traffic to the Eyes are moved often in the process of cross-checking the
right and left during straight and level flight? flight instruments.
Body signals are used to interpret flight instruments.
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short
intervals 41. Abrupt head movement during a prolonged constant rate
Concentrate on relative movement detected in the peripheral turn in the IMC or simulated instrument conditions can
vision area. cause
Continuous sweeping of the windshield from right to left.
Pilot disorientation.
29. What effect does haze have on the ability to see traffic or False horizon.
terrain features during flight? Elevator illusion.

Haze causes the eyes to focus at infinity. 42. Without visual aid, pilot often interprets centrifugal force as
The eyes tend to overwork in haze and do not detect relative a sensation of
movement easily.
All traffic or terrain features appear to be farther away than Rising or falling.
their actual Turning.
distance. Motion reversal.

30. What preparation should a pilot make to adapt the eyes for 43. An abrupt change from climb to straight-and-level flight can
night flying? create the illusion of

Wear sunglasses after sunset until ready for flight. Tumbling backwards.
Avoid red light up to 30 minutes before the flight. A nose up attitude.
Avoid bright white lights at least 30 minutes before the A descent with the wings level.
flight.
44. A rapid acceleration during takeoff can create the illusion of
31. Hypoxia susceptibility due to inhalation of carbon monoxide
increases as Spinning in the opposite direction.
Being in a nose up attitude.
Humidity decreases. Diving into the ground.
Altitude decreases.
Oxygen demand increases. 45. A slopping cloud formation, an obscured horizon, and a dark
scene spread with ground lights and stars can create an
32. Hypoxia is the result of which of these conditions? illusion known as

Excessive oxygen in the bloodstream. Elevator illusions.

Insufficient oxygen reaching the brain. Auto kinesis.
Excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. False horizons.

33. Which is true regarding the presence of alcohol within the 46. Due to visual illusion, when landing on a narrower-than-
human body? usual runway, the aircraft will appear to be

A small amount of alcohol increases vision acuity. Higher than actual, leading to a lower-than-normal
An increase in altitude decreases the adverse effect of alcohol. approach.
Judgment and decision making abilities can be adversely Lower than actual, leading to a higher-than-normal
affected by even small amounts of alcohol. approach.
Higher than actual, leading to a higher-than-normal
approach.
PPL EXAM : 2017 A

47. What visual illusion creates the same effect as a narrower-

than-usual runway?

An up sloping runway.
A wider-than-usual runway.
A down sloping runway.

48. It can take up to ___ hours for the body to dispose of carbon
monoxide.

10 hours
24 hours
48 hours

49. The only medicine found safe for flying if taken at minimal
dosage are:

Aspirin and antacids

Analgesics and Anesthetics
Decongestants and Antihistamines

50. Flashing lights inside clouds during night time can induce:

Inversion illusion
Flicker vertigo
Coriolis illusion

ADDITIONAL INFO:
1. Define Fixation
2. Define Omission
3. Hazardous Attitudes (Macho, Impulsivity, Anti-authority,
Invulnerability, Resignation)
4. Hyperventilation - rapid breathing with oxygen

CPL 1
20. It takes how long for the alcohol from one
drink to completely leave the body:
1 hour
2 hours
3 hours