Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

CE-322 Introduction to GIS and Remote Sensing

Understanding Geographic Information

BUSHRA NASEEM IGIS-SCEE

Geography
Geo the earth Graphy refers to writing

Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)

Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

Geography
The study of the earth's surface includes people's responses to topography and people s climate and soil and vegetation.

y The study of natural and human constructed phenomena relative to a spatial dimension.

Think about Geography!!

What is Geography The 3 Ws of Geography
What is where Why is it there Why do I care

Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)

Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

Geographic Information
The main method of identifying and representing the location of geographic features on the landscape is a map. A map is a graphic representation of where features are, explicitly and relative to one another.

Geographic Information
A map portrays 3 kinds of information b t hi features. about geographic f t The Location and extent of the feature Attributes (characteristics) of the feature Relationship of the feature to other features

Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)

Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

Geographic Information
Location Data
H How M Many Wh t Kind Wh What Ki d Where

Scale of Data
Local to Global

Data Presentation
Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps
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Geographic Information
Attributes
Th tt ib t f ib The attributes of a f t feature d describe or characterize the feature. This is what the feature is.

Relationship
The relationship of a feature to other features is implied from the location and attributes of all features.

Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)

Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

Location

(Coordinates on Earth)

North Pole Meridians Longitude Equator Parallels Latitude South Pole

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Earths Coordinate System

North Pole Lat = 30 Long = -6 0 Lat = 0 Lat = -30 South Pole

X is Longitude and is measured E and W from Greenwich, England. West is negative, East is positive Y is latitude and is measured N and S from the equator. North is h N h i positive and S is negative.

These are called Geographic Coordinates

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Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)

Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

11

Scale

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Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)

Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

Data Presentation

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Attributes

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Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)

Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

Attributes

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Relationship
London cholera epidemic 1854
Soho

+ Cholera death
Water pump

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Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)

Fall Semester, UG-2008

9/14/2011

THANK YOU

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Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE-NUST)