List of Philippine Fathers

Main article: Philippine Fathers

 Andres Bonifacio ("Father of Philippine Revolution", "Father of the Katipunan")

 Aquilino "Nene" Pimentel, Jr. ("Father of Philippine Local Autonomy")
 Arturo Alcaraz ("Father of Geothermal Development")
 Arturo M. Tolentino ("Father of the Philippine Archipelagic Doctrine")
 Dr. Augusto D. Litonjua ("Father of Philippine Endocrinology")
 Blas Ople ("Father of Overseas Employment")
 Carlos Bulosan ("Father of Filipino American Literature")
 Carlos P. Garcia ("Father of the Filipino First Policy")
 Cecilio Lopez ("Father of Philippine Linguistics")
 Chavit Singson ("Father of Edsa Dos")
 Claro M. Recto ("Father of the Philippine Constitution")
 Crisanto Evangelista ("Father of the Philippine Trade Union Movement")
 Diosdado Macapagal ("Father of the Philippine Career Foreign Service Corps")
 Eduardo Masferre ("Father of Philippine Photography")
 Elpidio Quirino ("Father of Philippine Industry")
 Fidel Ramos ("Father of Philippine Democracy", "Father of the Philippine Army Special
Forces")
 Francisco Balagtas ("Father of Tagalog Dialect", "Father of the Tagalog Poem")
 Dr. Francisco M. Fronda ("Father of Poultry Science in the Philippines")
 Dr. Geminiano T. De Ocampo ("Father of Modern Philippine Ophthalmology")
 Gerardo de Leon ("Father of Philippine Cinema")
 Dr. Gregorio Singian ("Father of Philippine Surgery")
 Henry Sy, Sr. ("Father of Philippine Retailing")
 Ildefonso Santos ("Father of Philippine Landscape Architecture")
 Isabelo de los Reyes ("Father of Philippine Labor Union Movement", "Father of the
Philippine Socialism", "Father of Ilocano Journalism")
 Joey "Pepe" Smith ("Father of Pinoy Rock")
 Jose Avelino ("Father of the Philippine Workmen's Compensation Law")
 Jose Y. Campos ("Father of the Philippine Pharmaceutical Industry")
 Jose Nepumuceno ("Father of Philippine Movies")
 Jose Rizal ("Father of Philippine Nationalism", "Father of Modern Tagalog Orthography",
"Father of Philippine Children’s Literature")
 Joseph Estrada ("Father of the Masses")
 Jovito Salonga ("Father of Philippine Liberalism")
 Julian Felipe ("Father of Philippine National Anthem")
 Julian Manansala ("Father of the Nationalistic Film")
 Dr. Leon Ma. Guerrero ("Father of Philippine Pharmacy")
 Lito Molina ("Father of Philippine Jazz")
 Macario Adriatico ("Father of Manila City Charter")
 Manuel L. Quezon ("Father of Philippine Independence", "Father of the Philippine
Republic", "Father of the Philippine National Language")
 Marcelo del Pilar ("Father of Philippine Journalism", "Father of Philippine Masonry")
 Napoleon Abueva ("Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture")
 Nicanor Abelardo ("Father of Philippine Sonata")
 Dr. Pedro Escuro ("Father of the Philippine Rice Breeding Program")
 Philip Vera Cruz ("Father of Filipino America")
 Dr. Quintin J. Gomez ("Father of Anesthesia in the Philippines")
 Remy Amador Presas ("Father of Modern Arnis")
 Roberto Verzola ("Father of Philippine Email")
 Rodolfo Biazon ("Father of Philippine Housing")
 Samie Lim ("Father of Philippine Franchising")
 Dr. Victor A. Reyes ("Father of Philippine Neurosurgery")
 William Torres ("Father of the Philippine Internet")

CULTURAL ICONS OF THE PHILIPPINES

JEEPNEY
- came from the surplus American Army jeep

- it is dubbed as the "King of the Road"

- Sarao Motors - the largest jeepney manufacturer in the country

SARIMANOK

- a rooster that is often pictured as having a yellow beak, a red feet and white feathers and
is sometimes seen a fish on its beaks.
- it is adopted as the logo of the first Miss Universe contest held in the country in 1974
- it is also used in Maranao flags

PAROL

- it is an innovation of the Mexican piñata which originally came from renaissance Italy
- it represents the star of Bethlehem
- Pampanga - dubbed as the "Lantern Capital of the Philippines"

BARONG TAGALOG

 it is properly referred to as "Baro ng Tagalog"

  the wearing of the Baro can be traced back to Ma-I where natives wear a cloth called
canga

 it is worn together with the bahag, putong and calombigas

TOROGAN

- is the ancestral home of the highest title holder in a Maranao village

- it is a symbol of power, prestige and wealth and occupies the largest space in the
community
- it literally translates to "a place to sleep in"
- the oldest torogan is found in Marawi City

MUSLIM MOSQUE

- place of worship for Muslims

- it is derived from the Arabic word "Masjid" which means "a plave of prostation"
- Sheik Karim-al Makghum in Simunul Island, Tawi-Tawi is the oldest Mosque that can be
found in the Philippines

BRASS BANDS

- first local band was organized by Fr. Eliodoro Chico Y Bustamante in Gapan, Nueva
Ecija. He called a relative, Lorenzo Zabat Y Chico to form Banda Zabat.
- Banda Pasig - Leonardo Silos
- Banda Arevalo - Bonifacio Arevalo
- Banda Dimasalang - Vicente Marifosqui
- Mayor Walter H. Loving organized the Philippone Constabulary Band (PC Band) on
October 15, 1902
- Pedro B. Navarro organized the first university band at the National University on 1930's

NIPA HUT

- a tiny house made of nipa palm or cogon grass with four bamboo or wooden post
- Batalan - an open space at the back of a bahay kubo used for washing, bathing and other
domestic chores
- Bale - Ifugao's version of a bahay kubo
- “A house is not a home unless the spirit of love reigns inside the hearts of those who live
in their dwelling, no matter how humble, like the bahay kubo.”
SALAKOT
- is a wide-brimmed, well-formed, modified helmet grass hat worn by Filipinos
 KUNDIMAN (1880-1930)
- Kundiman was applied at first to the verses and then to the music itself
- Balitaw - Visayan version of Kundiman
- written in ¾ time
- it is said that it softens even the most stubborn hearts
- some of the well-known composers of the Kundiman are Nicanor Abelardo, Francisco
Balagtas, Deogracias Rosario, Manuel Beenabe and Jesus Balmori
- Bonifacio Abdon - dubbed as the "Father of the Kundiman"
- Francisco Santiago - creator of the artistic Kundiman melody
TINIKLING
- National Dance of the Philippines
- named after the Tikling bird
MANGO (Magnifera Indica)
- regarded as the "King of the Fruits" and the "Apple of the Tropics"
- a bird endemic in the Philippines
- World's Second largest eagle
- discovered in Samar by the English naturalist John Whitehead on 1898
- R.A. 6147 - Philippine Eagle Conservation Act
- Pag-asa - first Philippine Eagle bred in captivity
- Proc. No. 1732 - changed the name Monkey eating eagle to Philippine eagle
BAKYA
- dubbed as the "Footwear of the Masa"
BALIKBAYAN BOX
- dubbed as "A Vessel of Culture"
BAMBOO ORGAN
- made by Fr. Diego Cera an Augustinian in 1824
- it can be found on the church of St. Joseph in Las Piñas
- it was sent to Bonn, Germany to be repaired by Hans Gerd Klais
MALACAÑANG PALACE
- Gov. Gen. Narciso Claveria was the first Spanish Governor-general to use Maacañang
- Gov. Gen. Leonard Wood was the first American Governor-general to use Maacañang
- a total of 14 Spanish Governor-general, 13 American Givernor-general and 9 Filipino
president stayed in the historic house
- the shortest stay belongs to Governor-general Antonio Osorio (September 21, 1866 -
September 27, 1866) and the longest belongs to President Ferdinand Marcos

PERSONALITIES
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL