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Classical & Folk Dances - Printable
Classical & Folk Dances - Printable
Classical & Folk Dances - Printable
THE PUNDITS
STATIC GK SERIES
2. Classical and Folk Dances of India
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THE PUNDITS
Classical Dances of INDIA
The Natya Shastra written by 2. Nritta - the dance
Bharat Muni is the most movements in their basic form
prominent source for the Indian
3. Nritya - expressional
aestheticians for establishing the
component i.e. mudras or
characteristics of the dances.
gestures
The Indian classical dances
have 2 basic aspects –
1. Tandava - This is symbolic to The 9 rasas of Dance are –
the male aspects of dance and has 1. Love 2. Heroism
more emphasis on rhythm and 3. Pathos 4. Humour
movement 5. Anger 6. Fear
7. Disgust 8. Wonder
2. Lasya - It denotes grace,
9. Peace.
bhava, rasa and abhinaya. It is
symbolic to the feminine features
of dance as an art form
According to the Sangeet Natak
And It’s 3 main components are- Academy, there are 8 Classical
dance forms in India
1. Natya - the dramatic element
of the dance i.e. the imitation of
characters
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THE PUNDITS
a significant role in helping the Specifications:
dance regain its lost popularity
• It is usually a solo performance,
and position.
the dancer often pauses to
Famous Dancers -1. Rukmini Devi recite verses followed by their
execution through movement.
2. Padma Subrahmanyam,
• The focus is more on footwork;
3. Vyjayanthimala the movements are skilfully
controlled and performed
4. Alarmel Valli (Padma Shree)
straight legged by dancers
5. Padmini wearing ankle-bells.
• Kathak is the only form of
6. Yamini Krishnamurthy classical dance wedded to
Hindustani or the North Indian
music.
2. Kathak (North India – Uttar • The stories in Kathak’s
Pradesh) performance generally tend to
be about the life of Lord Shree
• The word Kathak has been Krishna.
derived from the word Katha • Lady Leela Sokhey (Menaka)
which means a story. revived the classical style of
• It was primarily a temple or Kathak.
village performance wherein the
dancers narrated stories from Famous dancers –
ancient scriptures. 1. Birju Maharaj
• Kathak began evolving into a
distinct mode of dance in the 2. Lachu Maharaj
fifteenth and sixteenth 3. Shambu Maharaj
centuries with the spread of the
Bhakti Movement. 4. Shovna Narayan
• The legends of Radha-Krishna 5. Sitara Devi
were enacted in folk plays called
Rasa Lila, which combined folk
dance with the basic gestures of 3. Kathakali – Kerala
the kathak story-tellers.
• Under the Mughal emperors • The literal meaning of the term
and their nobles, Kathak was Kathakali is ‘Story-Play’.
performed in the court, where it • It is a blend of dance, music
acquired its present features and acting and dramatizes
and developed into a form of stories, which are mostly
dance with a distinctive style. adapted from the Indian epics.
• Under the patronage of Wajid • Kottarakkara Thampuran is
Ali Shah, the last Nawab of considered to be the founder
Awadh, it grew into a major art and the father of this dance
form. form.
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Specifications : 4. Kuchipudi - Andhra Pradesh
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3. Radha Reddy combining Tamil-Malayalam
and Sanskrit).
4. Kaushalya Reddy
Famous Dancers
1. Sunanda Nair
5. Mohiniyattam - Kerala
2. Pallavi Krishnan
• Mohiniyattam or dance of
Mohini (an incarnation of Lord 3. Kalmandalam Kalyanikutti
Vishnu) is the classical solo Amma
dance form of Kerala.
4. Vijayalakshmi
• References of Mohiniyattam can
be found in Vyavaharamala 5. Jayaprabha Menon
written in 1709 by
Mazhamagalam Narayanan
Namputiri and 6. Odissi – Odisha
in Ghoshayatra, written later
• The major subjects of
by poet Kunjan Nambiar.
performance are lores of
• It was structured into the
incarnations of Lord Vishnu
present day classical format by
and verses of Jayadeva’s Gita
the Travancore Kings, Maharaja
Govinda.
Kartika Tirunal and his
• A soft dance backed by soothing
successor Maharaja Swati
lyrics and is similar to
Tirunal (18th-19th century)
Bharatanatyam in terms of the
Specifications: mudras and expressions.
• Termed as ‘mobile sculpture’ it
• Mostly a solo performance by
incorporates two major
girls with circular movements,
postures - Tribhanga (the body
delicate footsteps and subtle
is deflected at the neck, torso
expressions.
and the knees) and Chowk (a
• Movements have been borrowed
position imitating a square).
from Nangiar Koothu and
female folk Famous Dancers
dances Kaikottikali and
1. Sonal Mansingh
the Tiruvatirakali.
• It has elements of 2. Kelucharan Mohapatra
Bharatanatyam (grace &
3. Jhelum Pranjape
elegance) and Kathakali (vigour)
but is more erotic, lyrical and 4. Leena Mohanty
delicate.
• Realistic make-up and simple
dressing (in Kasavu saree of 7. Sattriya - Assam
Kerala) are used.
• The Sattriya dance form was
• The lyrics are in Manipravala (a
introduced in the 15th century
medieval south Indian language
A.D by the Vaishnava saint and
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THE PUNDITS
reformer of Assam, Saint of all stylised dances in
Sankaradeva as a medium for Manipur.
propagation of the Vaishnava • Literally meaning - the
faith. merrymaking of the gods, it is
• Because of its religious performed as a ceremonial
character and association with offering of song and dance.
the Sattras (Vaishnava maths • The principal performers are
or monasteries), this dance the Maibas And Maibis (priests
style has been named Sattriya. and priestesses) who re-enact
• Sattriya dance tradition is the theme of the creation of the
governed by strictly laid down world.
principles in respect of • Manipur dance has a large
hastamudras, footworks, repertoire, however, the most
aharyas, music etc. popular forms
• It is generally performed in are Ras, Sankirtana & Thang-
group by male monks known as Ta.
Bhokots. • The male dancers play the Pung
• Sattriya was given the status of and Kartal while dancing.
a classical dance in the year • The dancers do not wear ankle
2000 by the Sangeet natya bells to stamp out the rhythms
Academy. in a theatrical display, as this
interferes with the delicate body
Famous Dancers movements.
1. Guru Jatin Goswami • The artist never establishes eye
2. Sharodi Saikia contact with the audience.
3. Manik Barbay
4. Indira PP Bora Famous Dancers - 1. Yumlembam
Gambhini Devi
2. Guru Bipin Sinha
8. Manipuri (Manipur)
3. Darshana Jhaveri
• The origin of Manipuri dance
4. Nirmala Mehta
can be traced back to ancient
times that go beyond recorded
history.
The Ministry of Culture has
• The dance in Manipur is
recognised Chaau as 9th
associated with rituals and
classical dance.
traditional festivals, there are
legendary references to the
dances of Shiva and Parvati
and other gods and goddesses 9) Chaau : Jharkhand ,Odisha,
who created the universe. West Bengal
• Lai Haraoba is the earliest form Chhau dance is denoted as a mask
of dance which forms the basis dance. Energetic martial art
movements are basic feature of
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THE PUNDITS
Chhau Dance. There are three Chhau Dance was inscribed in
kinds of Chhau Dance: the UNESCO’s Representative
List of Intangible Cultural
● Saraikella – This Chhau Dance
Heritage of Humanity in 2010
is famous in Jharkhand.
Famous Dancers - 1. Shashadhar
● Mayurbhanj – This Chhau
Acharya
Dance is famous in Odisha. It does
not use masks. 2. Ileana Citaristi
● Purulia – This Chhau Dance is 3. Makar Dhwaja Darogha
famous in West Bengal.
4. Gopal Prasad Dubey,
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THE PUNDITS
9. Himachal Pradesh Lavani, Povada, Dhangri Gaja,
Chharhi, Thoda (Sports Dance/ Lezim (During Ganesh Festival)
Martial Art form)
18. Manipur
Chham (By Buddhist to ward off
Pong Cholom , Jagoi
evil spirit)
19. Meghalaya
Nati (India made its entry in
Guiness Book of World Records in Nongkrem (By Khasi Tribes during
year 2015) Wangla Festival)
10. Jammu and Kashmir Chad Sukra (Celebrate as a
sowing festival), Behdienkhlam
Rauf, Dhumal, Hafiza, Hikat,
Bhand Pather 20. Mizoram
11. Jharkhand Cheraw (Traditional Bamboo
Dance),
Karma (During Autumn Season),
Birhor (By Tribe Birhor) Khullam (Performed by village
Kadsa (Carrying Kalasha) Guests)
12. Karnataka 21. Nagaland
Yakshgan, Bolak-aat, Ummatt- Leshalaptu,
aat, Dollu Kunitha, Hampi,
Aaluyattu (By konyak tribe)
Bayalata, Veeragase (During
Dussehra), Bhootada Kola 22. Odisha
(Walking on bed of hot coal)
Dalkhai, Sakhi Kandhei (Puppet
13. Kerala Dance),
Kummattikali (Mask dance), Paika, Gotipua, Tiger Nach (Bagh
Ottam Thullal, Nach on Chatra month)
Kolkali Padayani Ranapa (Enacting Chapters from
life of Lord Krishna)
14. Ladakh
Mayurbhanj Chhau (Martial Art
Spao
form derived from Tribal Dance)
15. Lakshadweep
23. Puducherry
Kolkali, Chakali
Garadi
16. Madhya Pradesh
24. Punjab
Mataki, Jawara (Celebrate
Baga (Martial Dance), Heer Geet,
Wealth),
Tappa (Often shows soreness of a
Phulpati (By unmarried girls of
lover), Viyahula Giddha (During
Malwa Community)
Marriage), Bhangra (Bhangra word
17. Maharashtra derived from Hemp)
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THE PUNDITS
25. Rajasthan 29. Tripura
Bhavai, Jhulan, Gangaur, Maimata (By Kaloi Community)
Terah Taali, Suisini,
Kalbelia (UNESCO Recognised 30. Uttar Pradesh
dance form),
Raas, Nautanki, Shaura,
Ghoomar (State Dance of Chholiya
Rajasthan),
Khayal (By Bhawai Tribe)
31.Uttarakhand
26. Sikkim
Choliya (Martial art/ Sword
Chu Faat (By Lepcha Community, Dance), Hurka Baul
in honour of Mount
Khangchendzonga), Maruni,
32. West Bengal
Limbo or Subba (Chyap Brung
music instrument is used) Dhali Jatra, Bhatiyali Geet,
Lama or Chham (Masked Dance Gambira (Using Wooden Masks),
by buddhist lamas during Pong
Alkam (Famous Dancing, Singing,
Lhabsol Festival)
Drama Event)
27. Tamil Nadu
Kummi, Karagam, Natyanjali
(Tribute to Lord Shiva)
28. Telangana – Mathuri
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भारत के शास्त्रीय नृत्य
भरत मुनि द्वारा लिखित िाट्य शास्त्र उत्िवि का िता ऋवष भरत मुनन के
नत्ृ यों की विशेषताओं को स्थावित करने के नाट्यशास्ि से िगाया जा सकता है। इसे
लिए भारतीय सौंदययशास्त्स्ियों के लिए सबसे मूि रूि से सददराट्टम या थेिरट्टम के
प्रमुख स्रोत है। भारतीय शास्िीय नत्ृ य के नाम से जाना जाता था।
2 बुननयादी िहिू हैं –
1. ताांडव - यह नत्ृ य के िुरुष िहिुओं का • िहनी जाने िािी िेशभूषा चमकीिे रं ग
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THE PUNDITS
मदद करने में महत्ििूणय भूलमका • अिि के अंनतम िवाब वाजिद अिी
ननभाई थी। शाह के संरिण में , यह एक प्रमुख
किा रूि में विकलसत हुआ।
प्रलिद्ध ितयक
• यह आमतौर िर एक एकि प्रदशयन है ,
1. रुस्त्क्मणी दे िी 2. िद्मा सुब्रमण्यम नतयक अक्सर गति के माध्यम से
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THE PUNDITS
बनाता है, जो ज्यादातर भारतीय 1. किामंडिम गोिी
महाकाव्यों से अनुकूलित होते हैं।
2. कोट्टाकि लशिरामन
• कोट्टारक्कारा थांपुरि को इस नत्ृ य रूि
का संस्थािक और विता माना जाता 3. किामंडिम कृष्ण प्रसाद
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• कुधचिुडी को भगवाि कृष्ण की िूजा के • इसमें भरतनाट्यम (अनुग्रह और
रूि में विकलसत ककया गया था। िालित्य) और कथकिी (शस्त्क्त) के
• मुद्राएं और कदम कुधचिुडी को तत्ि हैं िेककन अधिक कामुक,
भरतनाट्यम से अिग बनाते हैं। गीतात्मक और नाजुक है।
भरतिाट्यम िे मनू तयकिा पोज़ ददए हैं • ररयलिस्त्स्टक मेकअि और लसंिि ड्रेलसंग
िबकक कुगचपुडी िे गोि पोज़ ददए हैं। (केरि की कसािु साडी में ) का
इस्तेमाि ककया जाता है।
प्रलिद्ध ितयक
• गीत मणणप्रिािा (तलमि-मियािम
1. यालमनी कृष्णमूनतय 2. राजा रे ड्डी और संस्कृत को लमिाकर एक
प्रलिद्ध ितयक
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THE PUNDITS
1. सोनि मानलसंह 2. केिुचरण महािाि • मणणिुरी नत्ृ य की उत्िवि प्राचीन काि
में दे खी जा सकती है जो दजय इनतहास
3. झेिम प्रांजिे 4. िीना मोहंती
से िरे है।
7. िजत्रया – अिम • मणणिुर में नत्ृ य अनुष्ठानों और
िारं िररक त्योहारों से जड
ु ा हुआ है , लशव
• सस्त्त्िया नत्ृ य रूि को 15 िीं शताब्दी
और पावयती और ब्रहमांड की रचना
ईस्िी में िैष्णि संत और असम के
करने िािे अन्य दे िी-दे िताओं के नत्ृ यों
सुिारक, िांत शांकरदे व द्िारा िैष्णि
के िौराणणक संदभय हैं।
विश्िास के प्रचार के माध्यम के रूि में
• िाई हराओबा नत्ृ य का सबसे िुराना
िेश ककया गया था।
रूि है जो मणणिुर में सभी शैिीबद्ि
• अिने िालमयक चररि और ित्तरों (िैष्णि
नत्ृ यों का आिार बनाता है ।
मठ या मठों) के साथ जुडाि के कारण,
• शाजब्दक अथय - दे वताओां की प्रिन्िता,
इस नत्ृ य शैिी को सस्त्त्िया नाम ददया
यह गीत और नत्ृ य की औिचाररक
गया है।
िेशकश के रूि में ककया जाता है।
• सत्िीय नत्ृ य िरं िरा हस्तमुद्रों,
• प्रमुख किाकार मैबाि और मैबबि
फुटिक्सय, अहररया, संगीत आदद के
(पुिारी और पुिारि) हैं जो दनु नया के
संबंि में सख्ती से ननिायररत लसद्िांतों
ननमायण के विषय को कफर से िागू
द्िारा शालसत है।
करते हैं।
• यह आमतौर िर िुरुष लभिुओं द्िारा
• मणणिुर ित्ृ य में एक बडा प्रदशयन है ,
समूह में ककया जाता है स्त्जसे भोकोट
हािांकक, सबसे िोकवप्रय रूप राि,
के रूि में जाना जाता है।
िांकीतयि और थाांग-ता हैं।
• िजत्रया को िांगीत िाट्य अकादमी
• िुरुष नतयक नत्ृ य करते समय िुंग और
द्वारा वषय 2000 में शास्त्रीय ित्ृ य का
करताि बजाते हैं।
दिाय ददया गया था।
• नतयक एक नाटकीय प्रदशयन में िय को
प्रलिद्ध ितयक बाहर ननकािने के लिए टखने की घंटी
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1. युमिेम्बम गस्त्म्भनी दे िी ● मयूरभंज - यह छऊ नत्ृ य ओडडशा
में प्रलसद्ि है। इसमें मास्क का
2. गुरु त्रबविन लसन्हा
इस्तेमाि नहीं ककया जाता है।
3. दशयना झािेरी ● िुरुलिया - यह छऊ नत्ृ य िस्त्श्चम
िोगों के जीिन को दशायता है। ररखमिाडा, पोनू योक्सी, बाडो छम, िोनुंग,
भारत में बडी िांख्या में िोक ित्ृ य हैं िोविर (आदद जनजानतयों द्िारा)
िेककि हमिे इि पीडीएफ में केवि उन्हीां
3. अिम
िामों को शालमि ककया है िो हाि ही में
एिएििी िीिीएि, िीएचएिएि और गमोचा, तबि चोंगिी, नटिूजा, त्रबहू
एिटीपीिी परीक्षाओां में टीिीएि द्वारा पूछे
4. बबहार
गए हैं। अत ये िभी िाम बहुत महत्वपूणय
णझणझया, जाट– जातिन
है।
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THE PUNDITS
5. छत्तीिगढ़ 11. झारिांड
िंथी, गौर, सैिा (फसि कटाई के मौसम कमाय (शरदऋतु का मौसम), त्रबरहोर
के बाद), (बीिाई जनजानत त्रबरहोर)
कादसा (किश िे जाना)
सुआ (सुिा) (आददिासी नत्ृ य मदहिाएं तोते
की तरह नत्ृ य करती हैं) 12. किायटक
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18. मखणपुर टप्िा (ओएफटे न एक प्रेमी की िीडा
ददखाता है ),
िौंग चोिोम , जगोई
वियाहुिा धगद्दा (वििाह के दौरान),
19. मेघािय
भांगडा (भांग से व्युत्िन्न भांगडा शब्द)
नोंगक्रेम (िांगिा महोत्सि के दौरान बी
िाई खासी जनजानतयां) 25. रािस्त्थाि
24. पांिाब
29. बरपुरा- मैमाता (किोई समुदाय
बागा (माशयि डांस), हीर गीत, द्िारा)
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30. उत्तर प्रदे श 32. पजश्चम बांगाि
छोललया (माशयि आटय /तििार नत्ृ य), हुरका अिकम (प्रलसद्ि नत्ृ य, गायन, नाटक
बाउि काययक्रम)
Thank You
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