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CIVIL ENGINEERING LICENSURE EXAM

HYDRAULICS AND PRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

Wednesday, January 11, 2023 Module 24

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of
your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only. NOTE: WHENEVER YOU CAN ENCOUNTER A
CARET (^) SIGN, IT MEANS EXPONENTIATION.

SOIL PROPERTIES

1. It occurs in soils of saturated cohesionless particles such as sand and 14. In the soil classification system, D60 of the soil is the particle size such
causes a sudden drop in shear strength and its bearing capacity. In effect, that:
the soil turns into a liquid allowing everything it previously supported to A. 60% of the soil is finer than this size
sink. B. 60% of the soil is larger than this size
A. Liquefaction B. Runoff C. 60% of the soil passes sieve No. 200
C. Liquid Limit D. Floatation D. 60% of the soil is coarse grained materials

2. If the ground water table in a soil formation rises as a result of flooding, 15. Plasticity index is:
the bearing capacity of the soil A. inversely proportional to the ease with which water passes
A. increases B. unaffected through the soil
C. decreases D. depends on the footing load B. a measure of the range of moisture contents through which the
soil is plastic
3. One of the following foundation conditions does not affect the bearing C. the numerical difference between the liquid limits and the
capacity of the supporting soil. plastic limits
A. Unit weight of the soil D. all of the above
B. Load imposed into the soil
C. Depth of founding of footings 16. A soil sample has the following properties:
D. Position of ground water table Specific Gravity = 2.67 Void Ratio = 0.54 Water Content = 11.2%

4. In accordance with the Unified Soils Classification System, a soil grain Compute the air void ratio.
having a size greater than No. 200 sieve opening (0.074 mm) but less A. 0.156 B. 0.189
than that of a No. 4 sieve (4.75 mm opening) is called: C. 0.211 D. 0.305
A. gravel B. pebble
C. cobble D. sand 17. A soil has a water content of 25% and a degree of saturation of 82%.
Compute the specific gravity of the soil if it has a dry unit weight of
5. A granular soil deposit is considered medium dense if the blow count of 14.33 kN/m3.
a standard penetration test is between: A. 1.3 B. 1.9
A. Over 50 B. 10 to 30 C. 2.6 D. 3.1
C. 30 to 50 D. 4 to 10
18. A clay has the following Atterbergs limit: Liquid Limit = 60% and
6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristics of a cohesionless soil? Plastic Limit = 40%. From a hydrometer analysis to determine the
A. easy to compact particle sizes, it is found that 45% of the sample consists of particles
B. high shear strength smaller than 0.002 mm. From this information, determine the activity
C. prone to settlement due to vibrating load classification of clay.
D. practically impermeable A. 0.22 B. 0.44
C. 0.66 D. 0.88
7. The ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume of soil.
A. porosity B. void ratio 19. The moist unit weight of soil from the excavation site is 16.52 kN/m3
C. degree of saturation D. water content with an in-situ moisture content of 18%. It has a specific gravity of 2.75.
This soil is to be used for a construction of a new highway for use in
8. Atterberg limit tests is done on aggregates that pass through what sieve compacted fill. The soil needed is to be compacted to a dry unit weight
size? of 16.1 kN/m3. How many cubic meters of soil from the excavation site
A. 20 B. 40 are needed to produce 850 cu.m. of compacted fill?
C. 60 D. 30
A. 889.5 m3 B. 732.5 m3
9. According to NSCP, cut and fill slopes must not be steeper than: C. 545.5 m3 D. 977.5 m3
A. 1 to 3 B. 1 to 1
C. 1 to 5 D. 1 to 2 20. The relative compaction of sand in the field is 95. The max dry unit
weight of the sand is 16 kN/m3. Compute the moist unit weight at a
10. Which of the following is not a characteristic of cohesive soil? moisture content of 8%.
A. possess low shear strength A. 12.25 kN/m3 B. 19.53 kN/m3
B. practically permeable C. 17.11 kN/m3 D. 16.42 kN/m3
C. plastic and compressible
D. decrease shear strength when disturbed 21. Aggregates from a material storage site are required for the embankment
of a roadway. The porosity of the aggregate at the storage site is 80%
11. What is the largest grain size that may pass through a No. 200 sieve? and the desired porosity of the compacted aggregates in the embankment
A. 0.074 mm B. 0.020 mm is 20%. For a section of the embankment 7.6 m wide x 0.61 m
C. 0.054 mm D. 0.060 mm compacted thickness x 305 m long, calculate the volume of aggregates
required.
12. Which of the following property of soil is necessary in the design of A. 5655.92 m3 B. 5556.92 m3
footing? C. 5565.92 m 3
D. 5556.92 m3
A. Permeability B. Plasticity Index
C. Atterberg Limits D. Compressibility 22. A permeable soil layer that is underlain by an impervious layer slopes 5º
to the horizontal and is 4 m thick measured vertically. The coefficient of
13. Water content corresponding to the limit between the liquid and plastic permeability of the permeable layer is k = 0.005 cm/s. Obtain the rate of
states of consistency of a soil: seepage per meter width of permeable layer, in liters per hour.
A. Atterberg limit B. liquid limit A. 52.4 B. 59.1
C. moisture limit D. plastic limit C. 62.8 D. 66.9
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23. A clay has the following Atterbergs limit: 30. From the field consolidation data shows that the soil has the following
Liquid Limit = 63% Plastic Limit = 23% Water Content = 38% properties:
Water content = 40% Plasticity Index = 0.64 Plastic Limit = 20%
Compute the consistency index.
A. 0.89 B. 0.95 Compute the primary compression index.
C. 1.09 D. 1.21 A. 0.321 B. 0.351
C. 0.371 D. 0.391
24. The following are results of a field unit weight determinate test using
sand cone method: 31. A soil profile is shown. The compression index for the given clay is
Volume of hole = 0.0014 m3 0.36. If the water table is lowered by 1.5 m, determine the settlement
Mass of moist soil from hole = 3 kg that would occur in the clay layer due to the lowering of the water table.
Water Content = 12%
Max. Dry Unit Weight from a laboratory compaction test = 19 kN/m3

Determine the relative compaction in the field.

A. 95.7% B. 98.8%
C. 96.4% D. 93.3%

25. From a compaction test of soil, the following data were obtained in the
laboratory:
Max. dry unit weight = 18.31 kN/m3
Min. dry unit weight = 15.25 kN/m3
Relative Density = 64%

Find the relative compaction in the field.

A. 95.7% B. 98.8%
C. 96.4% D. 93.3% A. 25 mm B. 50 mm
C. 75 mm D. 100 mm
26. An earth dam requires 1 million cubic meters of soil compacted to a void 32. From the given soil profile shown, the ground surface is subjected to a
ratio of 0.8. In the vicinity of the proposed dam, three borrow pits were uniformly distributed load of 80 kPa. Compression index for clay is
identified as having suitable materials. The cost of purchasing the soil 0.288. Compute the settlement due to primary consolidation.
and the cost of excavation are the same for each borrow pit. The only
difference is transportation cost. The table below provides the void ratio
and the transportation cost for each borrow pit. Which borrow pit would
be the most economical?

Borrow Pit Void Ratio Swell Factor Transportation Cost

1 1.8 1.1 P 0.60
2 0.9 1.2 P 1.00
3 1.5 1.1 P 0.75

A. Borrow Pit 1 B. Borrow Pit 2

C. Borrow Pit 3 D. Cannot be determined

27. A layer of soft clay having an initial void ratio of 2 is 10 m thick. Under A. 129 mm B. 179 mm
a compressive load applied above it, the void ratio decreased by one- C. 229 mm D. 249 mm
half. Evaluate the reduction in the thickness of the clay layer, in meters.
A. 2.22 m B. 2.76 m 33. For a variable head permeability test, the following are given:
C. 3.33 m D. 3.62 m Length of specimen = 375 mm
Area of specimen = 1875 mm2
28. From the given soil profile, the clay has an over consolidation ratio OCR Hydraulic conductivity = 1.72 m/min
= 2.0. Find the pre-consolidation pressure.
What should be the area of the stand pipe for the head drop from 625
mm to 300 mm in 8 minutes?
A. 93.74 mm2 B. 95.27 mm2
C. 92.12 mm2 D. 90.47 mm2

34. For a constant head laboratory permeability test on a fine sand, the
following are given:
Length of specimen = 250 mm
Diameter of specimen = 62.5 mm
Head difference = 450 mm
Water collected in 2 minutes = 484 mm3

Determine the discharge velocity in mm/s.

A. 69.468 kPa B. 42.684 kPa A. 0.001315 B. 0.001513
C. 55.217 kPa D. 77.685 kPa C. 0.003151 D. 0.005131

29. A clay is normally consolidated. A laboratory consolidation test on the 35. Evaluate the plastic settlement, in meters, on a layer of plastic clay due
clay using eodometer gave the following results: to an increase of pressure caused by loads above it under the following
Pressure (kPa) Void Ratio conditions:
100 0.905 Intergranular pressure = 180 kPa
200 0.815 Increase in intergranular pressure = 120 kPa
Thickness of clay = 10 m
Coefficient of consolidation = 0.315
Compute the compression index of the normally consolidated clay. Void ratio of clay = 1.5
A. 0.199 B. 0.299
C. 0.399 D. 0.499 A. 0.26 m B. 0.22 m
C. 0.24 m D. 0.28 m

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36. The results of a constant-head permeability test for a fine sand sample 41. A pumping test from a well in an unconfined permeable layer underlain
having a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 300 mm are as follows: by impermeable stratum as shown has the following data:
Constant head difference: 500 mm
Time of collection of water: 5 mins Rate of flow of ground water into the well = 20 ft 3/min
Volume of water collected: 360 cm3 h1 = 18 ft r1 = 200 ft h2 = 15 ft r2 = 100 ft

Calculate the hydraulic conductivity of the soil in cm/s.

A. 4.07 x 10-3 B. 3.54 x 10-3
C. 4.25 x 10-3 D. 2.89 x 10-3

37. Find the flow rate in m3/hr/m length (at right angles to the cross-section
shown) through the permeable soil layer shown.

Calculate the hydraulic conductivity in (ft/min) of the permeable layer.

A. 0.0344 B. 0.0446
C. 0.0551 D. 0.0266

42. A sand layer of the cross-sectional area shown in the figure has been
A. 0.02143 B. 0.04892 determined to exist for a 500 m length of the levee. The hydraulic
C. 0.06733 D. 0.05117 conductivity of the sand layer is 3 m/day. Determine the quantity of
water which flows into the ditch in m3/min.
38. A layered soil is shown:

A. 0.154 B. 0.166
C. 0.172 D. 0.179
43. The hydraulic conductivity of a soil sample was determined in a soil
Estimate the ratio of equivalent permeability. mechanics laboratory by making use of a falling head permeameter. The
A. 108.52 B. 115.63 data used in the test results obtained were as follows: diameter of sample
C. 121.34 D. 128.47 = 600 mm, height of sample = 150 mm, diameter of standpipe = 20 mm,
initial head ho = 450 mm, final head hi = 300 mm. Time elapsed = 1 min
39. Figure shows the layers of soil in a tube 100 mm x 100 mm in cross- 45 sec.
section, water is supplied to maintain a constant head difference of 400 A. 0.0632 m/day B. 0.0556 m/day
mm across the sample. Compute the rate of supply in cm3/hr. C. 0.0468 m/day D. 0.0721 m/day

44. A constant head permeability test is conducted on a certain soil. The

diameter of the sample is 5.5 cm, the length is 18 cm, and the constant
head is 45 cm. The mass of water collected in 50 seconds is 85 grams.
Determine the coefficient of permeability in cm/min.
A. 1.616 B. 2.515
C. 2.212 D. 1.717

45. The initial void ratio of a layer of soft clay that is 6 m thick is 0.4. Under
a pressure of surcharge load above it, the void ratio decreased by one-
half. Evaluate the reduction in the thickness of the clay layer, in meter.
A. 1.28 B. 2.50
C. 0.86 D. 3.00

46. Water is pumped at a rate of 1 m3/s through the permeameter in a

permeability test setup involves a cylindrical soil sample 40 mm in
A. 224.25 B. 251.80 diameter and height 200 mm. The hydraulic head of the test was held
C. 283.75 D. 295.90 constant at 300 mm. In a duration of one minute, the water collected in
the graduate was recorded at 1.5 liters. Evaluate the coefficient of
40. Evaluate the plastic settlement, in meters, on a layer of plastic clay due permeability of the soil sample, in cm/s.
to an increase of pressure caused by loads above it under the following A. 1.33 B. 1.69
conditions: C. 2.15 D. 0.98
Initial intergranular pressure = 200 kPa
Increase in intergranular pressure = 120 kPa 47. A cohesive soil sample was taken from an SPT and taken to the
Thickness of the clay layer = 8 m laboratory in a glass jar. It was found to weigh 145 grams. The sample
Coefficient of consolidation = 0.315 was then placed in a container having a volume V = 500 cm3 and 425
Void ratio of the clay = 1.132 cm3 of water were added to fill the container. Evaluate the unit weight of
the soil in kN/m3.
A. 0.124 m B. 0.241 m A. 18.96 B. 17.82
C. 0.214 m D. 0.412 m C. 15.89 D. 16.32

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48. An experiment to determine the permeability of a soil sample was 58. A soil sample has Gs = 2.60, e = 40%, and S = 20%. What is the
conducted. The permeameter in a falling head permeability test setup saturated unit weight of this soil?
involves a cylindrical soil sample 100 mm in diameter and a height of A. 18.78 kN/m3 B. 21.02 kN/m3
3
200 mm. The hydraulic head in the 10-mm diameter standpipe through C. 19.63 kN/m D. 20.78 kN/m3
which the test water passed dropped from 1 meter to 500 mm in one
minute of observation. In that duration the water collected in the Situation – An undistributed sample of saturated clay has a volume of 16.5 cc
graduate was recorded at 2.5 liters. From these data, evaluate the and weighs 35.1 g. After oven drying, the weight of the sample reduces to
coefficient of permeability of the soil sample, in cm/s. 29.5 g.
A. 0.000224 B. 0.001703
C. 0.001910 D. 0.002310 59. Determine the void ratio of the soil sample.
A. 0.39 B. 0.42
49. Evaluate the dry unit weight of a soil mass having a void ratio of 0.50 C. 0.46 D. 0.51
with specific gravity of 2.5 for its solid grains.
A. 14.65 kN/m3 B. 16.35 kN/m3 60. Determine the specific gravity of the soil sample.
C. 14.95 kN/m3 D. 17.35 kN/m3 A. 2.7 B. 2.5
C. 2.6 D. 2.4
50. A soil layer has a thickness of 9 m and natural void ratio 1.00. Obtain
the change in soil thickness if the void ratio is decreased by one-fourth. 61. Determine the moisture content of the soil sample.
A. 4.26 m B. 3.38 m A. 16.2% B. 18.9%
C. 3.75 m D. 5.25 m C. 20.4% D. 21.5%

51. Evaluate the plastic settlement, in meters, in a layer of plastic clay due to Situation – A sample of clay was coated with paraffin wax and its mass
an increase of pressure caused by loads above it under the following including the mass of wax, was found to be 697.5 g. The sample was
conditions: immersed in water and the volume of water displaced was found to be 355 cc.
Initial interangular pressure = 200 kPa The mass of the sample without wax was 690 g and the water content of the
Increase in interangular pressure = 150 kPa representative specimen was 18%. Specific gravity of the solid = 2.70 and that
Thickness of the clay layer = 10 m of wax is 0.89.
Coefficient of consolidation = 0.315
Void ratio of the clay = 1.5 62. Determine the bulk density.
A. 1.69 g/cc B. 1.79 g/cc
A. 0.568 B. 0.384 C. 1.89 g/cc D. 1.99 g/cc
C. 0.306 D. 0.425
63. Determine the dry density.
52. A soil sample has a water content of 15 % and moist unit weight of 18 A. 1.69 g/cc B. 1.79 g/cc
kN/m3. The specific gravity of the solids is 2.65. Obtain the void ratio of C. 1.89 g/cc D. 1.99 g/cc
the soil.
A. 0.523 B. 0.632 64. Determine the degree of saturation.
C. 0.487 D. 0.661 A. 71% B. 76%
C. 81% D. 92%
53. The permeameter in a falling head permeability test setup involves a
cylindrical soil sample 50 mm in diameter and a height 200 mm. The Situation – During a test for water content determination on a soil sample by
hydraulic head in the 10 mm diameter standpipe through which test pycnometer, the following observations were recorded:
water passed dropped from 900 mm to 500 mm in one-minute of
observation. In that duration, the water collected in the graduate was Mass of wet soil sample = 1000 g
recorded at 1.5 liters. Evaluate the coefficient of permeability of the soil Mass of pycnometer with soil and filled with water = 2000 g
sample in cm/s. Mass of pycnometer filled with water only = 1480 g
A. 0.00857 B. 0.00724 Specific gravity of solids = 2.67
C. 0.00784 D. 0.00932
65. Determine the water content.
54. A layer of soft clay having an initial void ratio of 2.0 is 12.5 m thick A. 15.21% B. 20.28%
under a compressive load applied above it, the void ratio decreased by C. 22.54% D. 25.31%
one-half. Evaluate the reduction in the thickness of the clay layer, in m. 66. If the bulk density of the soil is 2.05 g/cc, determine the void ratio.
A. 4.32 B. 4.58 A. 0.32 B. 0.57
C. 4.78 D. 4.17 C. 0.71 D. 0.89

55. In its natural state, a soil mass has a unit weight of 21.7 kN/m3. When 67. Determine the degree of saturation.
fully saturated with water, the soil weighs 22.57 kN/m3. If its moisture A. 80% B. 85%
content is 8%, what is the porosity of the soil? C. 90% D. 95%
A. 22.69 % B. 24.12 %
C. 23.65 % D. 25.25 % Situation – A cone penetrometer test was conducted on a sample of soil for
the determination of the liquid limit and the following observations were
56. A soil mass has Gs = 2.40. What is the largest possible unit weight of recorded.
this soil?
A. 22.542 kN/m3 B. 20.896 kN/m3 Liquid Limit = 58% Plastic Limit = 34% Shrinkage Limit = 12%
C. 23.544 kN/m3 D. 24.000 kN/m3
68. Compute the plasticity index.
57. For a normally consolidated clay layer in the field, the following values A. 12 B. 18
are given: C. 22 D. 24
Thickness, H = 3 m
Natural void ratio = 1.30 69. Compute the shrinkage index.
Compression index, Cc = 0.30 A. 12 B. 18
Average effective pressure in the layer is 125 kPa C. 22 D. 24

Estimate the primary consolidation settlement of the layer caused by an 70. Compute the shrinkage ratio if Gs = 2.70.
increase in pressure of 55 kPa. A. 0.051 B. 0.021
A. 68 mm B. 62 mm C. 0.061 D. 0.081
C. 73 mm D. 85 mm

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Situation – Consider the upward flow of water through a layer of sand in a 78. Compute the effective stress inside the capillary zone at a depth of 3.0 m
tank as shown in the figure. below the ground surface.
A. 54.80 kPa B. 65.34 kPa
C. 82.19 kPa D. 92.31 kPa

79. Compute the effective stress at a depth of 3.9 m below the ground.
A. 54.80 kPa B. 65.34 kPa
C. 82.19 kPa D. 92.31 kPa

80. Compute the effective stress at C.

A. 54.80 kPa B. 65.34 kPa
C. 82.19 kPa D. 92.31 kPa

Situation – From the soil profile shown,

Properties of Sand:
Void ratio = 0.52
Specific gravity of solids = 2.67

71. Calculate the effective stress at B.

A. 4.120 kPa B. 5.438 kPa
C. 6.845 kPa D. 7.365 kPa

72. What is the upward seepage force per unit volume of soil?
A. 3.36 kN/m3 B. 5.36 kN/m3 81. Compute the effective stress at the bottom of the clay.
C. 7.36 kN/m3 D. 9.36 kN/m3 A. 100.12 kPa B. 113.68 kPa
C. 132.56 kPa D. 151.93 kPa
73. What is the rate of upward seepage of water in m3/hour if K = 2 x 10-3
m/s and area of tank is 0.45 m2? 82. If the water table rises to the top of the ground surface, what is the
A. 2.43 m3/ hour B. 2.81 m3/ hour change in the effective stress at the bottom of the clay layer?
C. 3.24 m3/ hour D. 3.62 m3/ hour A. 15.96 kPa B. 22.14 kPa
C. 30.26 kPa D. 52.12 kPa
Situation – From the figure shown, the void ratio of the sand is 0.55 with a
specific gravity of 2.68. The cross-sectional area of the tank is 0.5 m2 and 83. How many meters must the ground water table rise to decrease the
hydraulic conductivity of sand = 0.1 cm/s. effective stress by 14.4 kPa at the bottom of the clay?
A. 1.32 m B. 1.85 m
C. 2.03 m D. 2.19 m

Situation – From the soil profile, compute the following:

74. What is the rate of upward seepage in m3/hour?

A. 1.08 m3/ hour B. 1.82 m3/ hour
C. 2.16 m3/ hour D. 2.75 m3/ hour
75. Determine the critical hydraulic gradient for zero effective stress.
A. 1.08 B. 1.82
C. 2.16 D. 2.75 84. Total stress at D
A. 325.23 kPa B. 270.69 kPa
76. Determine the value of h to cause boiling. C. 103.01 kPa D. 77.685 kPa
A. 1.08 m B. 1.82 m
C. 2.16 m D. 2.75 m 85. Pore stress at D
A. 325.23 kPa B. 270.69 kPa
77. Determine the value of x. C. 103.01 kPa D. 77.685 kPa
A. 0.35 B. 0.52
C. 0.48 D. 0.61 86. Effective stress at C
A. 325.23 kPa B. 270.69 kPa
Situation – A soil profile shown has a zone of capillary rise in the sand C. 103.01 kPa D. 77.685 kPa
overlying the clay. In this zone, the average degree of saturation is 60% with a
moist unit weight of 17.6 kN/m3. Situation - A 7.5 m thick homogeneous soil layer has dry unit weight of 15.6
kN/m3 and saturated unit weight of 18.9 kN/m3. The water table is located 2.4
m below the ground surface.

87. What is the effective stress at the bottom of the layer in kPa?
A. 96.5 B. 83.8
C. 80.4 D. 86.4

88. What is the effective stress at the bottom of the layer if the water table
goes down by 1.2 m, in kPa?
A. 96.32 B. 64.25
C. 102.56 D. 91.61

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89. Which of the following statements is correct when the water table rises
by 1 m?
A. the effective pressure at the bottom of the layer will increase
B. the effective pressure at the bottom of the layer will remain the
same
C. the effective pressure at the bottom of the layer will decrease
D. none of these statements is correct

Situation – Given the particle distribution curve of three soils A, B, and C.

90. Determine the percentage of gravel in Soil A.

A. 1% B. 99%
C. 2% D. 98%
93. The effective grain size.
91. Determine the percentage of sand in Soil B. A. 0.18 mm B. 0.12 mm
A. 40% B. 59% C. 0.22 mm D. 0.15 mm
C. 99% D. 62%
92. Determine the percentage of silt in Soil C. 94. The uniformity coefficient.
A. 56% B. 68% A. 1.8 B. 0.8
C. 12% D. 32% C. 3.2 D. 1.6

Situation – Following are the results of a sieve analysis. 95. The classification of the soil according to USCS.
A. GW B. SW
Sieve No. Diameter Percent Passing C. GP D. SP
4 4.750 100
10 2.000 95 Situation - A layer of saturated clay 4.5 m thick is overlain by sand 5.2 m
deep, the water table being 3.2 m below the surface. The saturated unit
40 0.425 74 weights of the clay and sand are 19.3 and 20.2 kN/m3, respectively; above the
80 0.180 38 water table the unit weight of the sand is 17.1 kN/m3.
100 0.150 10
96. What is the total vertical stress at the bottom of the clay layer, in kPa?
200 0.075 2 A. 186.98 B. 174.25
Pan --- 0 C. 168.97 D. 181.97

Plot the particle-size distribution curve and obtain the following: 97. What is the effective vertical stress at the bottom of the clay layer?
A. 124.58 kPa B. 132.65 kPa
C. 110.78 kPa D. 118.21 kPa

98. If the sand to a height of 1 m above the water table is saturated with
capillary water, what will be the effective vertical stress at the bottom of
the clay layer, in kPa?
A. 121.31 B. 123.65
C. 118.47 D. 129.62

Situation - Laboratory tests results on a soil sample taken from a subgrade

shows that the maximum and minimum dry unit weight of the soil are 18.96
kN/m3 and 16.32 kN/m3, respectively. The required relative density of the
subgrade is 81%. Determine the following:

99. The required dry unit weight in the field, in kN/m3.

A. 18.74 B. 17.20
C. 17.65 D. 18.40

100. The relative compaction in percent.

A. 94% B. 96%
C. 95% D. 97%
101. The moist unit weight in the field at moisture content of 22%, in kN/m3.
A. 21.45 B. 22.87
C. 22.44 D. 21.87

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Situation – The result of sieve analysis on three soils is given below. It is Situation - A 4500 grams of wet soil has a natural water content of 12%.
required to classify these soils using the USCS. See Figure below and use the Determine the volume of water must be added to this sample in order to:
USCS Table.
105. Obtain a water content of 18%.
102. Which of the following gives the classification of soil A? A. 241.1 cc B. 327.3 cc
A. SP B. SW C. 157.9 cc D. 208.7 cc
C. GP D. GW
106. Obtain a water content of 20%.
103. Which of the following gives the classification of soil B? A. 409.1 cc B. 369.7 cc
A. SC B. SM C. 236.8 cc D. 321.4 cc
C. GM D. GC
107. Obtain a water content of 28%.
104. Which of the following gives the classification of soil C? A. 687.6 cc B. 642.9 cc
A. OL B. CH C. 736.4 cc D. 552.6 cc
C. ML D. CL
Situation - A fine-grained soil has a liquid limit of 240% and a plastic limit of
45%. The natural water content of the soil in the field is 52% and the clay
content is 75%.

108. Determine the plasticity index of the soil.

A. 1.65 B. 2.65
C. 1.95 D. 2.15

109. Determine the liquidity index of the soil.

A. 4.25% B. 3.59%
C. 2.46% D. 5.87%

110. Determine the activity of the soil.

A. 2.6 B. 2.7
C. 2.4 D. 1.9

Situation - A clay layer 12 ft thick rests beneath a deposit of submerged sand

26 ft thick. The top of the sand is located 10 ft below the surface of a lake.
The saturated unit weight of the sand is 125 lb/ft3 and of the clay layer is 117
lb/ft3.

111. Which of the following gives the total vertical pressure at the mid height
of the clay layer?
A. 5200 psf B. 4576 psf
C. 3245 psf D. 6451 psf

112. Which of the following gives the pore water pressure at the mid height
of the clay layer?
A. 3500 psf B. 2620 psf
C. 4351 psf D. 1560 psf

113. Which of the following gives the effective vertical pressure at the mid
height of the clay layer?
A. 2300 psf B. 1956 psf
C. 1875 psf D.2580 psf

Situation - The plastic limit and liquid limit of a soil sample are 19.9% and
40% respectively.

114. Compute the Plasticity Index.

A. 15.8% B. 35.7%
C. 59.9% D. 20.1%

115. If in situ water content is 30%, compute the Liquidity Index.

A. 10.1% B. 50.2%
C. 49./% D. 36.5%

116. Identify the characteristic of soil.

A. liquid B. plastic
C. dense D. brittle solid

Situation - A soil has a bulk density of 18.7 kN/m3 and a moisture content of
12.5%. Assume the specific gravity of soils of 2.67, determine:

117. The saturated unit weight of the soil sample.

A. 10.39 kN/m3 B. 11.86 kN/m3
C. 16.62 kN/m3 D. 20.18 kN/m3

118. The buoyant unit weight of the soil sample

A. 10.39 kN/m3 B. 17.75 kN/m3
C. 16.62 kN/m3 D. 18.89 kN/m3
119. The mass of water to be added in a 2.5 cubic meter of soil to make the
soil 90 percent saturated.
A. 151.35 kg B. 200.50 kg
C. 293.07 kg D. 377.14 kg
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Situation - The total weight of soil sample is 56.7 Ib and the total volume is Situation - The soil under a dam consist of three different layers with the
0.5 ft. The oven dried weight is 48.7 lb. Specific gravity of the soil is 2.69. following properties:
Thickness Coefficient of permeability
120. Which of the following gives the dry unit weight of the sample? Layer 1 3.5 m 1.2 x 10-4 cm/s
A. 115.56 pcf B. 103.55 pcf Layer 2 4.6 m 3.6 x 10-2 cm/s
C. 97.42 pcf D. 123.51 pcf Layer 3 5.8 m 4.3 x 10-5 cm/s

121. Which of the following gives the porosity of the sample? 134. Calculate the equivalent coefficient of permeability in the vertical
A. 0.231 B. 0.623 direction, in cm/day.
C. 0.742 D. 0.419 A. 2.37 B. 7.32
C. 3.72 D. 7.23
122. Which of the following gives the degree of saturation of the sample?
A. 57.9% B. 86.3% 135. What is the transmissivity of the soil if the water table is at the ground
C. 67.8% D. 61.1% surface, in m2/day?
A. 1.017 B. 1.107
Situation - A 6200 grams of wet soil has a natural water content of 12%. C. 1.701 D. 1.071
Determine the volume of water must be added to this sample in order to:

123. Obtain a water content of 20%. 136. Calculate the interstitial velocity of water (in cm/day) moving through
A. 563.6 cc B. 326.3 cc. the soil if its void ratio is 0.45 and its hydraulic gradient is 0.0054?
C. 688.9 cc D. 442.8 cc A. 0.721 B. 0.217
C. 0.127 D. 0.712
124. Obtain a water content of 25%.
A. 975.9 cc B. 719.6 cc Situation – A test is set-up as shown in the figure. A cylindrical mold 5” in
C. 845.5 cc D. 598.2 cc diameter is filled with silt to height H1 = 0.2 ft, whose coefficient of
permeability k1 = 3.6 x 10-4 ft/ min.
125. Obtain a water content of 32%.
A. 978.9 cc B. 1107.1 cc A second coaxial mold is placed on top of the first mold whose inside
C. 1377.8 cc D. 1240.0 cc diameter is d = 1.5” and whose height is H2 = 0.40 ft. Its thickness is
negligible. The inside of this second mold is filled with the same silt, but the
Situation - Given the following properties of a soil mass: annular ring outside the small tube and outer tube is filled with sand whose
coefficient of permeability is k2 = 2.7 x 10-3 ft/min.
Specific gravity of soil solids = 2.726
Degree of saturation = 63% The test set-up is a permeameter of constant head. Water is placed in the mold
Moisture content = 15% and maintained at a level h = 1.6 ft above the level of the outlet. It may be
considered that the system consists of a fictitious soil of thickness H = H1 + H2
126. Calculate the bulk unit weight in kN/m3. and coefficient of permeability kf.
A. 16.04 B. 23.04
C. 18.62 D. 17.25 The following general equations may be useful:

127. Calculate the dry unit weight in kN/m3. kv eq = H / [(H1/kv1) + (H2/kv2) + … + (Hn/kvn)]
A. 12.83 B. 16.20 kh eq = ( 1 / H )[ kh1H1 + kh2H2 + … + khnHn ]
C. 17.86 D. 21.95

128. Calculate the saturated unit weight in kN/m3.

A. 17.92 B. 20.05
C. 23.69 D. 18.65

Situation - A soil with a liquidity index of - 0.20 has a liquid limit of 56% and
a plasticity index of 20%.

129. What is its plastic limit?

A. 34% B. 36%
C. 32% D. 35%

130. What is its natural water content?

A. 34% B. 36%
C. 32% D. 35%

Situation - A clay layer 3.8 m thick rests beneath a deposit of submerged sand
8 m thick. The top of the sand is located 3 m below the surface of a lake. The
saturated unit weight of the sand is 19.4 kN/m3 and of the clay is 18.6 kN/m3.

131. Calculate the total vertical pressure at the mid height of the clay layer.
A. 215.09 kPa B. 229.27 kPa 137. What is the total flow of water in ft3/min?
C. 219.97 kPa D. 204.36 kPa A. 2.47 x 10-4 B. 1.85 x 10-4
C. 3.54 x 10-4 D. 2.94 x 10-4
132. Calculate the pore water pressure at the mid height of the clay layer.
A. 131.45 kPa B. 145.63 kPa 138. What is the equivalent coefficient of permeability, in ft/min?
C. 126.55 kPa D. 115.42 kPa A. 9.632 x 10-4 B. 7.442 x 10-4
C. 8.083 x 10-4 D. 5.452 x 10-4
133. Calculate the effective vertical pressure at the mid height of the clay
layer, in kPa. 139. What is the total amount of water that percolated after 45 minutes?
A. 88.54 B. 97.82 A. 315 cc B. 236 cc
C. 79.36 D. 93.42 C. 375 cc D. 458 cc

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Situation – A confined aquifer is shown in the figure. This aquifer has a

source of recharge located as shown. The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer
is 40 m/day with a porosity of 25%. The peizometric (head) surface in the two
observation wells 1200 m apart are at elevation 65 m and 60 m, respectively
from the common datum. The aquifer has an average thickness of 25 m and an
average width of 4 km.
Situation – The apparatus shown in the figure maintains a constant head of
160mm. The soil sample has a hydraulic conductivity of 5 x 10-3 cm/sec with
moisture content of 18.5%. Use G = 2.7.

140. Determine the nearest value to the rate of flow of water through the
aquifer, in cubic meters per day. 149. Calculate the seepage velocity in mm/s.
A. 13,333 B. 16,667 A. 0.214 B. 0.109
C. 14,667 D. 18,333 C. 0.157 D. 0.185

141. Determine the nearest value to the seepage velocity in m/day. 150. Calculate the flow of water in cm3/s.
A. 0.667 B. 0.333 A. 0.286 B. 0.324
C. 0.467 D. 0.833 C. 0.221 D. 0.187

142. Determine the nearest value to the time of travel from the head of 151. Calculate the time required for the red dye to pass through the soil
aquifer to a point 4 km downstream, in days. assuming that there is no diffusion, or the red dye does not scatter as it
A. 5500 B. 5800 passes through the soil.
C. 6200 D. 6000 A. 38.4 min B. 45.2 min
C. 33.6 min D. 25.6 min
Situation – A test well penetrates 27 m below the static water table. Water is
pumped from the test well at uniform rate of 69 liters per second for a period Situation – A reservoir with a 3,400 m2 area is underlain by layers of
of 24 hours. Drawdown in two observation wells located 35 m and 95 m from stratified soils as shown in the figure. The values of L1, L2, and L3 are 2.0 m,
the test well were 1.1 m and 0.5 m, respectively. 1.4 m, and 3.2 m, respectively.

143. What is the flow rate in MLD?

A. 6.325 B. 4.125
C. 5.245 D. 5.962

144. What is the coefficient of permeability of the aquifer in meters per day?
A. 60.27 B. 62.35
C. 65.21 D. 68.54

145. What is the transmissibility of the aquifer in square meter per day?
A. 1745 B. 1923
C. 1627 D. 1875

Situation – A confined aquifer is shown in the figure. This aquifer has a

source of recharge located as shown. The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer
is 40 m/day with a porosity of 25%. The peizometric (head) surface in the two
observation wells 1375 m apart are at elevation 65 m and 60 m, respectively
from the common datum. The aquifer has an average thickness of 25 m and an 152. What is the average vertical coefficient of permeability in m/hr?
average width of 4 km. A. 5.11 x 10-6 B. 6.5 x 10-7
C. 9.15 x 10-6 D. 7.7 x 10-7

153. Determine the interstitial (actual) velocity in cm/s of water moving

through the soil if it has void ratio of 0.60.
A. 1.05 x 10-7 B. 2.33 x 10-6
C. 2.93 x 10-7 D. 1.55 x 10-6

154. Compute the water loss in cu.m from the reservoir in one year. Assume
that the pore pressure at the bottom sand layer is zero.
A. 705 cu.m/yr B. 550 cu.m/yr
C. 625 cu.m/yr D. 581 cu.m/yr

146. Determine the nearest value to the rate of flow of water through the Situation – A 300 mm diameter well penetrates 27 m below the static water
aquifer, in cubic meters per day. table. After 24 hours of pumping 69 liters per second, the water table in two
A. 13,221 B. 12,875 observation wells located 35 m and 95 m from the well showed drawdowns of
C. 15,652 D. 14,546 1.1 m and 0.5 m, respectively.

147. Determine the nearest value to the seepage velocity in m/day. 155. Calculate the discharge in cubic meters per day.
A. 0.324 B. 0.475 A. 5962 B. 5692
C. 0.582 D. 0.146 C. 5269 D. 6259

148. Determine the nearest value to the time of travel from the head of 156. Calculate the coefficient of permeability of the soil.
aquifer to a point 4 km downstream, in days. A. 68.7 m/day B. 46.3 m/day
A. 5427 B. 7624 C. 55.4 m/day D. 60.3 m/day
C. 6875 D. 8725
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157. Determine the value to the transmissivity of the soil in m2/day. 161. What is the total flow of water in ft3/min?
A. 1524 B. 1579 A. 1.874 x 10-4 B. 2.368 x 10-4
C. 1724 D. 1369 C. 1.517 x 10-4 D. 2.777 x 10-4

Situation – Consider the stratified soil deposit shown in the figure. 162. What is the equivalent coefficient of permeability, kf, in ft/min?
A. 6.952 x 10-4 B. 7.325 x 10-4
C. 6.023 x 10-4 D. 8.253 x 10-4

163. What is the total amount of water that percolated after 55 minutes?
A. 186 cc B. 452 cc
C. 356 cc D. 236 cc

Situation – A confined aquifer underlies an unconfined aquifer as shown in

the figure. Given the following: D1 = 59 m, D2 = 41 m, H1 = 45 m, H2 = 33 m,
K1 = 35 m/day, K2 = 27 m/day, L = 2 km.

Hydraulic gradient is equal: ieq = i1 = i2 = … = in

Quantity of flow in each layer is added to make the total flow q

Note: Darcy’s equation v = ki and q = vA; kH1, kH2, kH3, … kHn are the
coefficients of permeability of the individual layers in the horizontal direction.
Consider 1 unit width.

158. Derive the expression for the equivalent coefficient of permeability in 164. Calculate the equivalent coefficient of permeability in horizontal
the horizontal direction. direction.
A. kHeq = 1/H { H1 / kH1 + H2 / kH2 + … + Hn / kHn} A. 37.82 m/day B. 36.12 m/day
B. kHeq = 1/H { kH1 x H1+ kH2 x H2 + … + kHn x Hn} C. 38.72 m/day D. 31.62 m/day
C. kHeq = H / { (H1 / kH1)+ (H2 / kH2) + …+ (Hn / kHn)}
D. kHeq = H { kH1 x H1 + kH2 x H2 + … + kHn x Hn} 165. Calculate the hydraulic gradient.
A. 0.009 B. 0.005
159. If there are four layers, 3 m thick each, and kH1 = 2 x 10-3, kH2 = 1 x 10-5, C. 0.008 D. 0.003
kH3 = 2 x 10-4, kH4 = 1 x 10-3 in cm/sec, determine the equivalent
coefficient of permeability in the horizontal direction. 166. Calculate the flow of water from one stream to another per meter width.
A. 6.236 x 10-5 B. 7.257 x 10-4 A. 18.21 m^3/ day B. 11.87 m^3/ day
C. 8.025 x 10-4 D. 5.061 x 10-3 C. 14.23 m^3/ day D. 16.75 m^3/ day

160. If i = 0.70, determine the total flow q in cm3/sec. Situation – The apparatus shown in the figure maintains a constant head of
A. 0.571 B. 0.674 160 mm. The soil sample has a hydraulic conductivity of 5 x 10-3 cm/s with
C. 0.819 D. 0.758 moisture content of 19.5%. Use G = 2.7.

Situation – A test is set-up as shown in the figure. A cylindrical mold 4” in

diameter is filled with silt to height H1 = 0.2 ft, whose coefficient of
permeability k1 = 3.6 x 10-4 ft/ min.

A second coaxial mold is placed on top of the first mold, whose inside
diameter is d = 1.5” and whose height is H2 = 0.30 ft. Its thickness is
negligible. The inside of this second mold is filled with the same silt, but the
annular ring outside the small tube and outer tube is filled with sand whose
coefficient of permeability is k2 = 2.7 x 10-3 ft/min.

The test set-up is a permeameter of constant head. Water is placed in the mold
and maintained at a level h = 1.25 ft. above the level of the outlet. It may be
considered that the system consists of a fictitious soil of thickness H = H1 + H2
and coefficient of permeability kf. 167. Calculate the seepage velocity in mm/s.
A. 0.245 B. 0.105
The following general equations may be useful: C. 0.187 D. 0.269

kv eq = H / [(H1/kv1) + (H2/kv2) + … + (Hn/kvn)] 168. Calculate the flow of water in cm3/s.

kh eq = ( 1 / H )[ kh1H1 + kh2H2 + … + khnHn ] A. 0.524 B. 0.286
C. 0.321 D. 0.175

169. Calculate the time required for the red dye to pass through the soil
assuming that there is no diffusion, or the red dye dos not scatter as it
passes through the soil.
A. 32.6 minutes B. 30.7 minutes
C. 38.5 minutes D. 34.8 minutes

Situation – Given that the field unit weight of a soil sample is 1800 kg per
cubic meter and the unit weight of the soil particles is 2000 kg per cubic meter
and the moisture content of the soil is 12%.

170. Evaluate the void ratio.

A. 0.244 B. 0.422
C. 0.424 D. 0.442

171. Evaluate its dry unit weight in kN/m3.

A. 15.77 kN/m3 B. 18.31 kN/m3
C. 19.52 kN/m3 D. 21.09 kN/m3
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172. Evaluate the degree of saturation, in percent. 184. Porosity

A. 94.36% B. 98.36% A. 20.6 % B. 40.9 %
C. 96.36% D. 92.36% C. 60.3 % D. 70.1 %

Situation – A soil in its natural state has a moisture content of 30% and a unit Situation – A layer of clay 8.6 m thick is overlain by a deposit of sand 15.2 m
weight of 16 kN/m3. The specific gravity of the soil particles is 2.50. thick to ground surface. When the water table is at ground surface level, the
saturated unit weight of the sand was determined to be 21.2 kN/m3 for which
173. Evaluate the void ratio of the soil sample. its dry unit weight is 18.2 kN/m3. The saturated unit weight of the clay is 18.8
A. 0.67 B. 0.97 kN/m3. When the ground water table lowered by 7.6 m, the degree of
C. 0.88 D. 0.99 saturation of the sand above the water table was lowered to 30%. At the mid-
height of the clay layer,
174. Obtain the dry unit weight, in kN/m3.
A. 10.8 B. 12.1 185. Evaluate the effective pressure, in kPa, before lowering of the water
C. 13.6 D. 12.3 table.
A. 112 B. 212
175. Evaluate the degree of saturation, in percent. C. 224 D. 242
A. 62.3 B. 78.6
C. 75.6 D. 90.2 186. Evaluate the effective pressure, in kPa, after the lowering of the water
table.
Situation – A 3-layer soil has the following properties from top to bottom: A. 270 B. 190
C. 380 D. 210
Layer k, cm/s Thickness, m
1 2.0 x 10-4 4 187. Evaluate the effective pressure, in kPa, when there is no water in the
2 3.2 x 10-2 3 sand layer but remain in moist condition at the same degree of
saturation.
3 4.1 x 10-5 6
A. 196 B. 224
C. 287 D. 329
176. Obtain the equivalent horizontal coefficient of permeability, in cm/s.
A. 0.00689 B. 0.00809 Situation – Given that the field unit weight of a soil sample is 1650 kg/m3, the
C. 0.00734 D. 0.00747 unit weight of the soil grains 2550 kg/m3 and the moisture content of the soil
is 15 percent.
177. Obtain the equivalent vertical coefficient of permeability, in cm/s.
A. 0.0000709 B. 0.0000689 188. Evaluate the void ratio of the soil sample.
C. 0.0000534 D. 0.0000781 A. 0.543 B. 0.834
C. 0.763 D. 0.777
178. Estimate the rate of flow in the vertical direction per square meter of
layer, in liters/hr, if the hydraulic gradient is 0.50. 189. Evaluate the degree of saturation in percent.
A. 4.65 B. 1.41 A. 41.56 B. 49.23
C. 3.24 D. 2.85 C. 36.52 D. 57.58

Situation – In accordance with the Bousinesq theory, the vertical stress at a 190. Evaluate its unit weight when it becomes dry, in kN/m3.
point below the center of a flexible circular area in a semi-infinite, A. 15.9 B. 14.8
homogeneous, isotropic soil mass due to a uniform load is given by the C. 14.1 D. 16.5
expression:
1 Situation – After 24 hours of pumping at 40 liters/sec, the water level in an
𝑝 = 𝑞 (1 − )
𝑁 observation well at a distance of 100 m from the test well is lowered 0.5 m. At
another observation well located 50 m from the test well, the water level
𝑟 2 1.5 dropped by 1.0 m. Thickness of aquifer is 27 m.
𝑁 = [1 + ( ) ]
𝑧
Where: q = uniform load per unit area at the base of the footing
191. Estimate the rate of flow in cubic meters per day.
r = radius of point of the circular area
A. 3456 B. 3632
z = depth of point below the center of the circular loaded area
C. 4852 D. 4215

179. Evaluate the bearing pressure, in kPa, exerted by the footing onto the 192. Evaluate the coefficient of permeability of the aquifer in meters per day.
supporting soil, by a 4-m diameter circular footing that is transmitting a A. 34.23 B. 29.05
column load of 1500 kN. C. 40.12 D. 52.36
A. 77.9 B. 110.0
C. 99.5 D. 119.4 193. Compute the transmissibility of the aquifer in square meters per day.
A. 1025 B. 652
180. Evaluate the vertical stress, in kPa, at a depth 6 meters below the center C. 763 D. 989
of the footing.
A. 17.5 B. 22.6 Situation – Given the following soil properties:
C. 19.6 D. 25.5 Field unit weight of soil = 1800 kg/m3
Saturated unit weight = 2000 kg/m3
181. How deep, in meters, below the footing would the pressure be reduced Moisture content = 12%
to 1/10 of the pressure at the base of the footing?
A. 6.95 B. 8.42 Evaluate the following:
C. 7.41 D. 9.01
194. The porosity of the soil.
Situation – A sample of saturated clay has a water content of 56 percent. A. 36.5% B. 42.1%
Assume Gs = 2.72. Compute the following: C. 64.7% D. 39.3%

182. Void ratio 195. The dry unit weight in kN/m3.

A. 1.27 B. 1.52 A. 15.77 B. 12.36
C. 1.35 D. 1.48 C. 13.65 D. 14.25

183. Saturated unit weight 196. The degree of saturation.

A. 105.16 lb/ft3 B. 113.61 lb/ft3 A. 52.3% B. 63.8%
C. 121.21 lb/ft3 D. 98.47 lb/ft3 C. 49.1% D. 36.2%

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Situation – An 8.2 m thick clay layer is overlain by a 15.2 m thick sand layer. Situation – According to the elastic theory, the vertical stress induced by a
The top of the sand layer is at the ground surface. The sand layer has a dry point load of magnitude Q (kN) on the surface of a semi-infinite soil mass can
unit weight of 18.2 kN/m3, saturated unit weight of 21.2 kN/m3, and degree of be estimated by the expression
saturation of 30%. The clay layer have saturated unit weight of 18.78 kN/m3. 0.477𝑄𝑁
∆𝑝 =
𝑧2
197. Determine the effective pressure at the mid height of the clay if the
ground water table is located at the ground surface. 1
𝑁=
A. 210 kPa B. 313 kPa [1 + (𝑟/𝑧)2 ]2.5
C. 262 kPa D. 196 kPa Where: r = horizontal distance of the point from the load
z = depth of the point at which stress is induced
198. Determine the effective pressure at the mid height of the clay if the
ground water table is located 7.6 m below the surface of the sand, with A point load Q = 1500 kN is applied at the ground surface.
degree of saturation of 30% for sand above water table.
A. 313 kPa B. 210 kPa 208. Evaluate the stress in the soil caused by the point load at a depth of 2.5
C. 196 kPa D. 269 kPa m directly below the load, in kPa.
A. 136.5 B. 95.2
199. Determine the effective pressure at the mid height of the clay if there is C. 114.5 D. 127.9
no water table at the sand stratum with degree of saturation of 30 % for
sand above water table. 209. Evaluate the stress in the soil caused by the point load at a depth of 5 m
A. 196 kPa B. 262 kPa directly below the load, in kPa.
C. 327 kPa D. 210 kPa A. 54.8 B. 15.1
C. 28.6 D. 36.9
Situation – A 7.6 m thick clay layer is underlain by 15.2 m of sand to the
ground. The water table is level with the ground surface. The saturated unit 210. Evaluate the stress at a depth of 2.5 m and a horizontal distance of 3 m
weight of sand is 21.2 kN/m3 and its dry unit weight is 18.2 kN/m3. The from the point load.
saturated unit weight of clay is 18.8 kN/m3. The water table is lowered to 7.6 A. 19.6 B. 12.3
m below the ground and the sand above the water table have degree of C. 8.2 D. 5.4
saturation decreased by 20%.
Situation – A 5 m clay layer lies beneath an 8 m sand layer. The sand is 3 m
200. Calculate the effective pressure at the midheight of the clay layer before below the water surface. Saturated unit weight of sand is 25 kN/m3 and clay is
the lowering of the water table. 20 kN/m3. Calculate the following:
A. 207.3 kPa B. 324.3 kPa
C. 256.4 kPa D. 393.7 kPa 211. The total vertical pressure (in kPa) at midheight of clay layer.
A. 240.1 B. 248.6
201. Calculate the effective pressure at the midheight of the clay layer after C. 209.3 D. 279.4
lowering of the water table.
A. 261.4 kPa B. 277.3 kPa 212. The pore water pressure (in kPa) at midheight of clay layer.
C. 236.8 kPa D. 297.4 kPa A. 122.6 B. 132.4
C. 112.8 D. 152.1
202. Calculate the effective pressure at the midheight of the clay layer when
the water table is at the clay surface and assuming that all sand has the 213. The effective vertical stress (in kPa) at midheight of clay layer.
same degree of saturation. A. 147.0 B. 96.5
A. 314.7 kPa B. 425.2 kPa C. 99.4 D. 117.5
C. 347.3 kPa D. 369.8 kPa
Situation – The maximum dry density of a soil was found to be 1.49 Mg/m3
Situation – A soil sample has a dry unit weight of 17 kN/m3 and void ratio of at optimum moisture content of 12.7%. To determine the parameters of said
0.60. soil, sand replacement method was conducted and the data are as follows:
Volume of soil excavated from the hole = 0.0013 m3
203. Evaluate the specific gravity of the soil solids. Weight of soil from the hole when wet = 2200 g
A. 2.77 B. 2.44 Weight of oven dry soil = 1700 g
C. 2.56 D. 2.65 Max. dry density in the laboratory = 19.85 kN/m3
Reduction factor = ± 2%
204. Obtain the unit weight of the sample, in kN/m3, when fully saturated.
A. 20.68 B. 19.62 214. Find the in-situ unit weight of soil.
C. 21.36 D. 18.62 A. 1.78 g/cc B. 1.69 g/cc
C. 1.98 g/cc D. 2.66 g/cc
205. Obtain the hydraulic gradient of the soil at critical condition.
A. 1.45 B. 1.11 215. Find the in-situ water content of soil.
C. 1.38 D. 1.23 A. 27.46 % B. 23.42 %
C. 29.41 % D. 26.54 %
Situation – The soil layer under a dam is made up of 4 layers with the
following properties: 216. Find the relative compaction.
Layer Thickness (m) K (cm/hr) A. 83.10 % B. 92.41 %
C. 89.91 % D. 87.79 %
1 4 6
2 6 4 Situation – A 5-m thick sand layer overlies a very thick layer of clay. The
3 10 3 sand has a void ratio of 0.52 and specific gravity of solids of 2.62. The clay
has moisture content of 42% and specific gravity of solids of 2.65. The water
4 5 5 table is 3 m below the sand (ground) surface. The sand above water table is
30% saturated.
206. What is the transmissivity of the soil when the water table is at the
ground surface? 217. Determine the total stress 10 m below the ground surface
A. 23.08 m2/day B. 18.75 m2/day A. 214.5 kPa B. 154.8 kPa
C. 15.24 m2/day D. 20.87 m2/day C. 181.6 kPa D. 112.9 kPa

207. If the hydraulic gradient of flow is 0.03, what is the interstitial velocity 218. Determine the effective stress 10 m below the ground surface
of water through the soil if the soil has average void ratio of 0.70? A. 112.9 kPa B. 181.6 kPa
A. 0.15 cm/hr B. 0.21 cm/hr C. 154.8 kPa D. 214.5 kPa
C. 0.28 cm/hr D. 0.32 cm/hr

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