Lecture # 4

DIESEL TURBINE PLANTS:

A generating station in which diesel engine is used as the prime mover for the generation of electrical
energy.

 Source: Combustion of diesel fuel.

 Technology: Diesel engines convert chemical energy into mechanical energy.
 Applications: Transportation, power generation, industrial machinery.
 Advantages: High energy density, reliable, mature technology.
 Challenges: High carbon emissions, air pollution, dependency on fossil fuels.

Diesel Plants Equipment:

• Fuel System • Air intake system • Engine cooling system • Engine lubricating system • Exhaust system
• Engine starting system • Alternators with exciters • Instrumentation • Switchgear and control equipment

Diesel Engine
• Diesel Engine (2 stroke, 4 stroke) • Suction, compression, working and exhaust
• Two stroke: more power for same speed and piston displacements, lower cost
• Four stroke: higher efficiency, lower fuel consumption • Compression ignition or spark ignition

Diesel Plant Layout:

GAS TURBINE PLANTS:
A gas turbine is a combustion engine at the heart of a power plant that can convert natural gas or
other liquid fuels to mechanical energy.

 Source: Combustion of natural gas.

 Technology: Gas turbines or engines generate electricity or heat.
 Applications: Electricity generation, industrial processes, transportation.
 Advantages: Cleaner than coal or diesel, reliable, efficient.
 Challenges: Still emits greenhouse gases, dependency on fossil fuels, safety risks (leaks,
explosions).

Gas Turbine Plants Components:

Compressor: takes in atmospheric air, compresses it, supplies it to the combustion chamber.

Combustion chamber: fuel is injected into it, burnt in stream of air supplied by compressor.

Gas turbine: hot pressurized gas expands in turbine and drives it, combustion products discharged into atmosphere.

Alternator: converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.

Types of Gas Power Plant:

 Open Cycle Gas Turbine Plants
 Close Cycle Gas Turbine Plants

Combined Gas and Steam Plant:

 High temperature of exhaust (500 ℃)
 Oxygen 60%