Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES

University Town, Northern Samar, Philippines
Web: http://uep.edu.ph; Email: uepnsofficial@gmail.com

MODULE
in
General Chemistry II
(RATE OF REACTION)
Additional activities

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the factors affecting the Rate of Reaction

2. describe/explain how each factor affects the Rate of Reaction

NAME OF THE STUDENT:

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LRN: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

GRADE & SECTION:

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SUBJECT TEACHER: Shairamae Paloma Giray, LPT (0975-854-9482)____________________________________

ADVISER: ________________________________________________________________________________________
LESSON: FACTORS AFFECTING RATE OF
REACTION
Activity 4: Effect of Nature of Reactants
Objectives: Describe how the Nature of Reactants affects the rate of reaction.
Materials: 0.1 g iron nail, 0.1 g aluminum foil, 20 mL Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Procedure:
1. Measure 10 mL hydrochloric acid (HCl) on a two transparent glass container.
2. Label it as glass A and glass B.
3. Simultaneously drop the 0.1 g iron nail in glass A and the 0.1 g aluminum foil in glass B.
4. Observe what happen on the two set-ups.

Guide Question:
1. Which glass produces more bubbles? Why is this so?
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Activity 5: Effect of Catalyst

Objectives: Describe how the catalyst affects the rate of reaction.
Materials: Papaya (Carica papaya), Chicken Meat, and Water
Procedure:
1. Prepare 250 g of peeled unripe papaya
2. Measure two sets of 250 g chicken meat (preferably of the same kind & part of chicken).
3. Prepare two casseroles with 1L water each and label them as A and B.
4. Put one set of the chicken meat in casserole A and the other set-in casserole B.
5. Add the 250 g peeled unripe papaya in casserole B.
6. Simultaneously boil/cook the two sets of chicken in a medium heat for 20 minutes.

Guide Questions:
1. Which chicken is more tender? Why is this so?
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2. What do you think is the role of the papaya in cooking the chicken?
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3. What conclusion can you derive based on the activity?

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Let us remember that a chemical reaction will only take place if the molecules of the reacting substances,
collide with each other in perfect orientation and if they have sufficient energies during collision. Reaction
rate in a chemical reaction is dependent on a number of factors. Let us discuss each one of them on the
following selections.

Prepared by: Checked and Approved:

Shairamae P. Giray, LPT Marlo D. Alvarez, PhD

Subject Teacher UEPLHS Principal

Temperature
What do you think is the main purpose of putting the foods inside the refrigerators? Generally increasing the temperature will
speed up the rate of reaction, this is because temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles. The average
kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to temperature. This means that particles move faster at a higher
temperature. Higher temperature and kinetic energy mean faster rate of reaction. This is due to increase in the number of effective
collisions between particles. Lowering the temperature means decreasing the reaction rate, this is why foods kept in the
refrigerator last longer as compared to the foods left at room temperature.

Concentration
Generally, the higher the concentration of the reactants, the faster the rate of reaction. This is because the frequency of collision
between particles is dependent on the number of particles in a given volume.

For gases, concentration may be affected by changing the pressure and volume. Applying or increasing the pressure in a given
volume of gas, means decreasing the space or area where gas particles move. This would result to an increase in a frequency of
collision among particles, thus increasing the rate of reaction

Surface Area
Reacting particles of the same phase (liquid/liquid) or (gas/gas) have the maximum opportunity to collide. But if one of the
reactants is a solid, then the reaction can only take place on the surface of the solid. This means that the smaller the size of a solid
particles, the greater its surface area that the reaction can take place, therefore increasing the rate of reaction.
Note: Let us remember that not all dissolution processes constitute to chemical reactions.

Nature of Reactants
From your previous lessons, you have learned that not all substances react to form products. The rate of reaction of substances
differs from each other because they have different activity rates. These differences in the rate of reaction is due to the fact that
each substance has a unique structure of ions, atoms, and molecules. You can consult the activity series of metals and nonmetals to
determine the more active substance.

Presence of catalysts
Many living organisms and many industrial and laboratory processes depend on catalysts to speed up reactions. A catalyst
(positive catalyst) is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being chemically changed itself. Catalysts that are
present in organisms are called enzymes. Enzymes are complex protein molecules responsible for the catalysis of many chemical
reactions in living organisms. There are also catalysts that inhibit the rate of reaction they are sometimes called as negative
catalysts or simply known as inhibitors. Preservatives are examples of inhibitors. How does a catalyst work? A catalyst increases
the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy. Activation energy is the energy required to start a reaction. The lower the
activation energy, the faster the rate of reaction. This is because more molecules will have the energy for a successful collision.