Grade 9 Science

Learning Area: Earth and Space

Topic: Apply the concepts of the laws of
thermodynamic and gas laws in explaining types of
volcanic eruptions, earth’s interior and active and
inactive volcanoes
I. OBJECTIVES

A. Content The learners demonstrate an

Standards understanding of: volcanoes found in the
Philippines

B. Performance The learners shall be able to:

Standards participate in activities that reduce risks
and lessen effects of climate change

C. Learning ● Learning competency: describe the

Competenci different types of volcanoes
es/ S9ES-IIIa-25
Objectives
Write the ● Lesson Objectives:
LC code for At the end of the lesson, the learners
each should be able to:
1. define the concepts of thermodynamics
and gas laws and their connection to
volcanic eruptions;
2. create a volcano and depict how a
volcano erupts; and
3. demonstrate awareness regarding
volcanic eruptions and its potential
risks.

II. CONTENT Volcanoes - Type of volcanoes

III. LEARNING
RESOURCES

A.References

1. Teacher’s
Guide

pages
 2. Learner’s
Materials

pages

3. Textbook
pages

4. Additional
Materials
from
Learning
Resource
(LR) portal

B. Other
Learning
Resources

IV. PROCEDURES PREDICT-EXPLAIN-OBSERVE-EXPLAIN

A. Reviewing the
previous VolcaKnow!
lesson or
presenting ● The class will be divided into 4
the new groups.
lesson ● The groups will take turns in
(ELICIT)
giving names and locations of
volcanoes around the world.
● The groups will have 3 seconds each
to think when its their turn.
● When the group fails to give a
volcano, they will be eliminated.
The game will continue with the
remaining groups.

Eg. Mayon Volcano- Albay

B. Establishi PinaSabog!
ng a ● Behind the PEOE chart given, is a
purpose map of the Philippines.
for the
lesson ● Each group will be assigned to
 (ENGAGE) decribe a certain volcano that is
labeled on the map.

Guide questions:
1. What is the difference between
active and inactive volcano?
2. How does an active volcano erupt?
What are the concepts behind it?

C. Presenting aKnow yan Sis?

examples/
instances of ● Using the PEOE chart, the student
the new
will predict and explain what will
lesson
(ENGAGE to happen if presented specific
EXPLORE) materials such as, baking soda,
vinegar, cups, and liquid soap.
D. Discussing Forda Sabog!
new concepts ● The class will be divided into four
and groups. Each group will have the
practicing
opportunity to create their own
new skills #2
(EXPLORE) volcano using the provided
materials and follow the given
instructions for an exciting
hands-on learning experience.

Materials:
- Cups
- Baking soda
- Vinegar
- Dishwashing liquid
-Straw

Steps or Instructions:

1. Place a cup in the center to act as

the "lava chamber."

2. Mix 2-3 tablespoons of baking soda

with dishwashing liquid (and red food
coloring if desired) to create the
"lava."

3. Gather around the volcano, ensuring a

cleanable surface.

4. Pour the baking soda and dishwashing

 liquid mixture into the cup.

5. In a separate container, pour

vinegar, and quickly pour it into the
cup to trigger the eruption. Enjoy the
show!

A. Developing
mastery (leads
to Formative
Assessment 3)
(EXPLAIN)

Using the PEOE pattern, explain the

result of your observation.

If changes in explanation occur,

explain your answer.

Rubrics
Accuracy - 40%
Completeness - 30%
Organization - 30%

Questions to answer:
● What do you think will happen if
there is no vinegar or no baking
soda added?
● What do you think causes the
bubbling and fizzing, and why does
it look like an eruption?
● Why do vinegar and baking soda
react the way they do?
● How does the dishwashing liquid
affect the mixture
 ● How does the eruption occur when
you add vinegar to the volcano?

F. Finding Three Law of Thermodynamics in relation

practical to Volcanoes and Volcanic Eruption
applications 1. First Law of Thermodynamics
of concepts
and skills in
daily living
(ELABORATE)

-Energy cannot be created or

destroyed, only transferred from one
form to another.

Inside the earth, the heat generated

from the decay of radioactive
isotopes and the heat left over from
the planet's formation is the primary
source of energy. This heat is
transferred to the Earth's surface,
which results in magma formation.

During an eruption, the energy is

released in the form of heat, kinetic
energy (ejecting materials), and
potential energy (magma rising).
2. Second Law of Thermodynamics
Gas Laws

● P - Pressure refers to the concept

that describes the force that is
exerted by the gas (in context of
Gas Law), on the wall of its
container.
● V - Volume refers to the volume
occupied by the gas.
● n - Refers to the number of moles
that the gas contains.
● R - It is the ideal gas constant
which is 8.314 J/mol*K.
● T - It refers to the temperature of
the gas and is measured using the
unit of Kelvin.

Ideal Gas Law

 ● Ideal GGas Law is also known as
Combined Gas Law. It is a general
equation that can be derived and
manipulated to gather different
fundamental concepts in
thermodynamics such as pressure,
volume, number of moles, and
temperature.

● Ideal gas law in relation to

volcanic eruption will have to do
with the type of eruption the
volcano will have. Destructive
eruptions happen when there is an
increase in the amount of gas
(number of moles) in the magma
chamber while the volume is
present. This releases a more
forceful lava in the surface due to
higher pressure build up.
● Pressure - Volume can also be used.
As the pressure decreases, volume
increases. When the pressure inside
the magma chamber decreases, it can
contribute to expansion of the
gases present in the magma, thus
causing an eruption.

G. Making

generalization
s and
 abstractions
about the
lesson
(EXPLAIN and
ELABORATE)

H. Evaluating The students will be tasked to explain

learning the formation of hotspots like Hawaii,
(EVALUATE) and establish a connection to the
fundamental principles of thermodynamics
and the ideal gas law in their
explanation.

Metacognition Prompt
● What were my thoughts on the
lesson?
● What aspects of my learning
experience worked well?
● How can I enhance my learning
process?
● How can I transfer my newfound
knowledge to different situations?
 I. Assignment:
Additional ● The students will be assigned to
activities for look for a volcano in the
application or Philippines and explain its
remediation behavior using their understanding
(EXTEND) of thermodynamics and gas laws. The
students will also explore its
geological characteristics and
eruption history, and propose a
mitigation plan that will emphasize
on early warning systems,
evacuation strategies, and
community awareness.

PART B: To be accomplished by the teacher/facilitator AFTER

instruction

V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION

A. No. of learners who earned 80%

in the
evaluation

B. No. of learners who require

additional activities
for remediation

C. Did the remedial lessons work?

No. of learners
who have caught up with the
lesson

D. No. of learners who continue to

require
remediation

E. Which of my teaching strategies

worked well?
Why did these works?
 F. What difficulties did I
encounter whichmy
principal or supervisor can help
mesolve?

G. What innovation or localized

materials did I use/discover
which I wish to share with
other
teachers?