‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................

‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫ﺗﺎرﺦ اﻟﻘﺒﻮل ‪2018/04/14 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﺦ اﳌﺮاﺟﻌﺔ‪2018/03/09 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎرﺦ اﺳﺘﻼم اﳌﻘﺎل‪2018/03/08 :‬‬

‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻨﻈﺎم ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‬

‫)دراﺳﺔ ﺿﻮء اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن رﻗﻢ ‪ 01-18‬اﳌﺘﻤﻢ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ اﻟ ﻮن‬
‫وإﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن(‬
‫‪Situation under Electronic Surveillance as a New System to‬‬
‫‪Adapt the Penalty‬‬
‫’‪(Study in the light of Act No 18-01, Complementary to the Prisons‬‬
‫)‪Organization Act and the Social Reintegration of Prisoners‬‬
‫‪Situation sous Surveillance Electronique en tant que Nouveau‬‬
‫‪Système d'Adaptation de la Peine‬‬
‫‪(Étude de la loi no 18-01, complémentaire à la loi sur l'organisation‬‬
‫)‪des prisons et à la réinsertion sociale des détenus‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺣﺜﺔ دﻛﺘﻮراﻩ‪ /‬ﻧ ﻴﻠﺔ ﺻﺪرا ﻲ‬

‫ﻠﻴﺔ ا ﻘﻮق ﺗﻴﺠﺎ ﻲ ﺪام‪-‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻗﺴﻨﻄﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫‪nounousedrati25@gmail.com‬‬

‫ﻣ ﺺ‪:‬‬
‫إﻃﺎر ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﺻﻼح اﻟﻌﺪاﻟﺔ وﻋﺼﺮﻧﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‪ ،‬اﻗﺮ اﳌﺸﺮع ا ﺰاﺋﺮي ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ﺬا ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن رﻗﻢ ‪ 01-18‬اﳌﺘﻤﻢ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬
‫اﻟ ﻮن وإﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن‪ ،‬اﻳﻦ ﺴﻤﺢ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﺑﺎﺳ ﺒﺪال ﻋﻘﻮ ﺔ‬
‫ا ﺲ اﻣﺎ ﻠﻴﺎ او ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ‪،‬‬
‫أي ﺳﺘﻔﺎدة ﻣﻦ اﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ا ﺪﻳﺜﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻌﻘﺎ ﻲ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻔﺎدي‬
‫اﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺎت اﳌ ﺗﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ وﻟﻮج اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎت اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟ ﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗ ﺴ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ إﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻓﺌﺎت اﳌﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺟ ﺔ‬
‫اﺧﺮى ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﺣﺎوﻟﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺬﻩ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻔ ﻮم ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﳌﻘﺼﻮد ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم‪ ،‬و ﺸﺎﺗﮫ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ ﻏﺮاض اﻟ‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘ ﺎ‪ .‬ﻟﻨﺒ ن ﻌﺪ ﺎ ﻞ ﻣﻦ راء اﳌﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﺣﻮل ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬
‫أﻏﺮاض اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺴﻠﻴﻂ اﻟﻀﻮء ﻋ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺣ ﺎم ذات‬
‫اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠ ﺸﺮﻊ ا ﺰاﺋﺮي ‪.‬‬

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2018 ‫اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان‬........................................................................................ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬

،‫ اﳌﺤﺒﻮس‬،‫ اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ‬،‫ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‬:‫اﻟ ﻠﻤﺎت اﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬

.‫ ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‬،‫اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬
Abstract:
In the framework of justice reform and modernization of the sector. In accordance to Ac
No 18-01 of the law of Prisons’ Organization and Social Reintegration, the Algerian
legislation approved Situation under Electronic Surveillance. Where the system allows
the replacement of the imprisonment penalty totally or partially through using the
electronic bracelet i.e. benefit from the use of modern technological data in punitive
implementation. Thus, avoiding the disadvantages of the access of the sentenced to
penal institutions; and facilitating the social reintegration of certain sentenced detainees.
This study attempted to define the situation under electronic surveillance, by defining
the system, its emergence and its purposes .Then, to demonstrate the divergent views of
the effectiveness of the system in achieving the custodial sentence’ purpose to shed light
on the various relevant provisions of this system in accordance to Algerian legislation.
Keywords: situation under electronic surveillance, electronic bracelet, Detainee,
sentenced, to adapt the penalty.
Résumé:
Dans le cadre de la réforme de la justice et de la modernisation du secteur.
Conformément à la loi n ° 18-01 de la loi sur l'organisation des prisons et la réinsertion
sociale, la législation algérienne a approuvé la situation sous surveillance électronique.
Lorsque le système permet le remplacement de la peine d'emprisonnement totalement
ou partiellement en utilisant le bracelet électronique, c'est-à-dire en bénéficiant de
l'utilisation de données technologiques modernes dans une mise en œuvre punitive.
Ainsi, en évitant les inconvénients de l'accès des condamnés aux établissements
pénitentiaires ; et faciliter la réintégration sociale de certains détenus condamnés.
Cette étude a tenté de définir la situation sous surveillance électronique, en définissant le
système, son émergence et ses objectifs. Ensuite, pour démontrer les divergences de vues
sur l'efficacité du système dans la réalisation de la phrase privative de liberté. De ce
système conformément à la législation algérienne.
Mots clés : situation sous surveillance électronique, bracelet électronique, Détenu,
condamné, des aménagements de la peine.

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2018 ‫اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان‬........................................................................................ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬

Abridged Summary :
The Algerian legislator, by virtue of Law No. 18-01 of the Law on the Organization of
Prisons and prisoners' Social Reintegration, approved the electronic surveillance system
as a new system enabling the judge to apply the penalties of imprisonment.
Readjustment for deprivation of liberty. The situation is monitored with the help of the
electronic bracelet, which is the new one given by the above law, in particular article 150
bis. The electronic bracelet in Algeria is characterized by a number of technical
characteristics that determine the location of the holder.
This system is based on a multiplicity of objectives, including: easing the pressure on
penal institutions, reducing the costs of prison administration, avoiding the
inconvenience of short-term imprisonment etc.
In order to take advantage of the electronic control system as a penalty adjustment
system, several conditions must be fulfilled, in particular as regards the deprivation of
liberty, distinguishing between the person sentenced to death and the sentenced
institution. For the first group, the law requires that the person be found guilty of a
deprivation of liberty not exceeding three years, regardless of the sentence originally
provided for the crime. With regard to the category of sentenced prisoners, the law
requires that the remaining sentence not exceed three years.
Concerning the conditions relating to the person benefiting from the electronic
monitoring system, the law requires that the electronic bracelet should not be harmful to
the health of the person concerned, in addition to some material conditions, which are
that the convicted person has a permanent residence. As well as previously payment of
the amounts of fines awarded to him.
As for the procedures for using the electronic monitoring system, by fulfilling the
aforementioned conditions, the judge can apply the penalties either automatically to
decide to carry out the punishment under the electronic monitoring system. In this
regard, the convicted person or his legal representative must be approved in advance.
The convicted person may also, through his or her lawyer, apply for the use of the system
under electronic monitoring, to the judge applying the penalties for the place of
residence of the concerned person, or the place where the institution of the penal
institution is located. In this regard, the judge must apply the penalties before the
dismissal of the request to take the opinion of the Public Prosecution, and this when it

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‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫‪comes to a final sentenced to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years In which case the‬‬
‫‪execution of the sentenced sentence shall be postponed until the dismissal of the‬‬
‫‪application. Regarding the prisoners, the judge of the application of the penalties must‬‬
‫‪take the opinion of the committee to apply the penalties. This is located on the‬‬
‫‪beneficiary of the electronic surveillance system after the electronic bracelet is placed‬‬
‫‪prohibiting the departure of the concerned person to his home or the location specified‬‬
‫‪by the judge applying the penalties.‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻌﺪ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺣﺪث اﻟﻨﻈﻢ اﻟﺒﺪﻳﻠﺔ ﻟ ﺲ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ‬
‫ذاع ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﮫ أوﺳﺎط اﻟﺪول اﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻌﺪ ﺛﺒﻮت ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺘﮫ ﻌﺪ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﮫ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ادﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ اﻟ ﺸﺮﻊ ا ﺰاﺋﺮي‪ ،‬و ﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﻷول ﻣﺮة ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﺮ ‪02-15‬‬
‫اﳌﻌﺪل واﳌﺘﻤﻢ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاءات ا ﺰاﺋﻴﺔ ا ﺰاﺋﺮي‪ ،‬و ﺬا ﻛﺂﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻀﻤﺎن ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬
‫ﻌﺾ اﻟ اﻣﺎت اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺪﻋﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﺎ ﻊ ﺳﺘ ﻨﺎ ﻲ ﻟ ﺲ اﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪،‬‬
‫واﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻻ ﻟ ﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﺻﻼح اﻟﻌﺪاﻟﺔ وﻋﺼﺮﻧﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‪ ،‬اﺿ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑ ن اﺣﺪ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‪ ،‬و ﻮ ا ﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﺬي ﺣﻤﻠﮫ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ‪ 01-18‬اﳌﺘﻤﻢ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ اﻟ ﻮن وإﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺺ ﻋ ﻓﺼﻞ را ﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮان »اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ«‬
‫واﻟﺬي ﺗﻤﻢ اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺴﺎدس ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن رﻗﻢ ‪ 04-05‬ﺑﺎﳌﻮاد ﻣﻦ ‪ 150‬ﻣﻜﺮر ا ‪150‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺮر ‪ ،16‬اﻳﻦ ﻳﺠ ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﮫ ﻣﻦ ان ﻳﻨﻔﺪ ﻞ او ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺧﺎرج اﺳﻮار اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﺗﺤﺮ ﺎﺗﮫ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ب »ﺳﻮار اﻟﻜ و ﻲ«‪.‬‬
‫و ﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‪ ،‬ارﺗﺌ ﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺬﻩ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ان ﻧﻠﻘﻲ اﻟﻀﻮء ﻋ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﺄﺣﺪ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺑﺤﺚ ﺷ ﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺗﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻣﻔ ﻮم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻨﻈﺎم ﻣﻦ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ؟ و ﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻧﮫ ﺴ ﻴﻞ دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﻔﺌﺔ اﳌﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﮫ؟‬
‫وﻗﺪ اﺗﺒﻌﻨﺎ دراﺳ ﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺿﻮع ا ﻄﺔ اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﻣﺒﺤﺜ ن‪ ،‬ول‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﺎن ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮان‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ اﳌﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ‬

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‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻨﻈﺎم ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻓﺮدﻧﺎﻩ ﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﺣ ﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠ ﺸﺮﻊ ا ﺰاﺋﺮي ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬
‫اﳌﺒﺤﺚ ول ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻨ ﻨﺎول ﻋ ﺛﻨﺎﻳﺎ ﺬا اﳌﺒﺤﺚ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﳌﻘﺼﻮد ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ﺸﺄة اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‪ ،‬ذﻟﻚ ان اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺄ ﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻮدة‬
‫ا ﺗﺎر ﺨﮫ واﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﺿﻴﮫ )اﳌﻄﻠﺐ ول (‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ا ﻢ ﻏﺮاض اﻟ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻠﻮﻏ ﺎ ﺑ ﺒ ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم )اﳌﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ(‪.‬‬
‫اﳌﻄﻠﺐ ول ‪ :‬ﻣﻔ ﻮم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺼﺼﻨﺎ ﺬا اﳌﻄﻠﺐ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻒ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﻴﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﻔﻘ ﻴﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﻤﺎ ﻮ ﻏ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺎن ان اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻧﻈﺎم ﻣﻌ ن‬
‫ﻣﺮ ﺗﻘ اﺻﻮﻟﮫ اﻟﺘﺎر ﺨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي ﺳﻨﻌﻤﺪ ا ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮫ‪ .‬و ﺬا ﻋ اﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺘ‬
‫ﻲ‪.‬‬
‫اوﻻ‪ -‬ﻌﺮ ﻔﮫ‪:‬‬
‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻨﺺ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 150‬ﻣﻜﺮر ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ اﻟ ﻮن وإﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن ﻋﺮف اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺄﻧﮫ »إﺟﺮاء ﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﻘﻀﺎء‬
‫ﺟﺰءا ﻣ ﺎ ﺧﺎرج اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﻞ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ أو ً‬
‫ﻳﺘﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟ ﺺ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‪ ،‬ﻃﻴﻠﺔ اﳌﺪة‬
‫اﳌﺎدة ‪ 150‬ﻣﻜﺮر ‪ ،1‬ﻟﺴﻮار إﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺗﻮاﺟﺪﻩ‬ ‫اﳌﺬ ﻮرة‬
‫ﻣ ﺎن ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﳌﺒ ن ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺼﺎدر ﻋﻦ ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت«‪.‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﺮ ﻔﺎت اﻟﻔﻘ ﻴﺔ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﺎ ذ ﺐ اﻟﻴﮫ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻔﻘ ﺎء ا اﻧﮫ‪» :‬أﺣﺪ ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‬
‫اﳌﺒﺘﻜﺮة ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ ﻗﺼ ة اﳌﺪة ﺧﺎرج اﺳﻮار اﻟ ﻦ –‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ ا ﺮ‪-‬ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪ "اﻟ ﻦ اﻟﺒ ﺖ"‪ .‬و ﻘﻮم ﺬا ﺳﻠﻮب ﻋ اﻟﺴﻤﺎح‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻘﺎء ﻣ ﻟﮫ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺮ ﺎﺗﮫ ﻣﺤﺪودة وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﺟ ﺎز ﺸﺒﮫ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ او اﻟﺴﻮار ﻣﺜ ﺖ ﻣﻌﺼﻤﮫ او أﺳﻔﻞ ﻗﺪﻣﮫ‪ .‬وﻣﻦ ﻨﺎ ﺟﺎءت ﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺬا‬
‫ﺳﻠﻮب )اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ(‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩ ﻋﺪد ﻏ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠ ن اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘﺎ ﻲ« )‪.(2‬‬

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‫ﺑ ﻨﻤﺎ ذ ﺐ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﺧﺮ ا ﻌﺮﻒ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎ ﺎ‪» :‬أﺣﺪ اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻞ اﻟﺮﺿﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ اﻟ ﺑﻤﻘﺘﻀﺎ ﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﺘﺎ ﻌﺔ اﻟ ﺺ ا ﺎﺿﻊ ﻟ ﺎ – ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻼل اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪-‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ أﺟ ﺰة اﻧﻔﺎذ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺧﺎرج اﻟ ﻦ أﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬
‫واوﻗﺎت ﻣﺤﺪدة ﺳﻠﻔﺎ وﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﺧﻀﺎﻋﮫ ﳌﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻟ اﻣﺎت واﻟﺸﺮوط‪،‬‬
‫و ﺗﺐ ﻋ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﺬﻩ ﻟ اﻣﺎت ﻣﻌﺎﻗﺒﺘﮫ ﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ« )‪.(3‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﺎن اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ اﳌﻌﻤﻮل ﺑﮫ ا ﺰاﺋﺮ)*( "ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻴﻂ ﺎﺣﻞ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‪ ،‬وﺗﺘ ﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰأﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ول ﺑﮫ ﺷﺮ ﺤﺔ ﺎﺗﻒ ﻧﻘﺎل وأﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﳌﻮاﻗﻊ‪ ،‬واﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ ﺑﻄﺎر ﺔ ﻟ ﻦ اﻟﺴﻮار‪ .‬و ﺮﻓﻖ اﻟﺴﻮار ﺑﻠﻮﺣﺔ ﺗﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺸﺒﮫ اﻟ ﺎﺗﻒ اﻟﻨﻘﺎل ﻳﺤﻤﻠ ﺎ اﳌ ﻢ ﻣﻌﮫ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎ ﺧﺎﺻﺎ ﺴ ﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺼﺎ‬
‫اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ واﻟﻀﺒﻄﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﳌﻮاﻗﻊ اﳌﺴﻤﻮﺣﺔ أو اﳌﻤﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﮫ‪،‬‬
‫و ﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﺴﻮار ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟ ﺎ ﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﺄﻋﻮان اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬و ﻔﺘﺢ اﻟﺴﻮار ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬
‫أوﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻋ ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﻣﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﺴﻮار أﻧﮫ ﻳ ﺚ ذﺑﺬﺑﺎت إﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣ ﺎن ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮫ‪ ،‬وﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫إزاﻟﺘﮫ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ إﻧﺬارا‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ أﻧﮫ ﻣﻘﺎوم ﻟﻠﻤﺎء ﺣﺪود ‪ 30‬ﻣ ا وﻟ ﺮارة ﺑ ن ‪ 40‬و‪80‬‬
‫درﺟﺔ وﻣﻘﺎوم ﻟﻠﺮﻃﻮ ﺔ واﻟﻐﺒﺎر و ازات واﻟﺬﺑﺬﺑﺎت واﻟﺼﺪﻣﺎت وﻟﻠﻔﺘﺢ واﻟﺘﻤﺰق‬
‫واﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺮ ﻂ‪ ،‬وﻣﻘﺎوم ﻟﻸﺷﻌﺔ ﻓﻮق اﻟﺒﻨﻔ ﻴﺔ وﻟﻠﻀﻐﻂ إ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ‪150‬‬
‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻏﺮ ًاﻣﺎ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠ ﻦ ﺸﺎﺣﻦ ﺧﺎص ﺑﮫ ﻣﻀﺎد ﻟ ﺴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺑﮫ ﻋﺎزل ﻣﺼﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻗﻤﺎش ﻳﻔﺼﻠﮫ ﻋﻦ ﺸﺮة اﳌ ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫وﺗﺘﺎ ﻊ ﻣﺮاﻛﺰ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﺎ ﻌﺔ ﳌﺪﻳﺮﺔ اﻟ ﻮن ﺗﺤﺮ ﺎت اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺧﻮل ﻟﻠﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ا ﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮار ﺑﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﮫ اﻟ ﺼﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻞ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و أي ﻣ ﺎن ﺳﻮاء ﺎن ﻋ ﺳﻴﺎرة أو دو ﺎ‪ ،‬و ﻤﻜﻦ إﺟﺮاء‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﻠﮫ‬
‫ﻌﺪﻳﻼت ﻋ اﻟ ﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻮار ﻋﻦ ﻌﺪ واﻟ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ إ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ)‪.(4‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ -‬ﺸﺄﺗﮫ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﺬ ﺐ اﻟﻔﻘﮫ ا ان ﻓﻜﺮة ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻻﻗﺖ ﻣ ﺎﻧﺔ ا ﻀﺎرة اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﻋﻘﻮ ﺔ ﻋﺘﻘﺎل ا ﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ إﻗﺎﻣﺔ ا ﺎ ﻲ ﻣ ﻟﮫ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺣﺮاﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻌﻴ ن ﺿﺎﻣﻦ ﻟﮫ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣ ﺎﻣﮫ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﮫ اﻣﺎم اﻟﻘﻀﺎء)‪.(5‬‬

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‫وﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﻴﺔ ﻌﺪ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت اﳌﺘﺤﺪة ﻣﺮ ﻜﻴﺔ اول ﻣﻦ ادﺧﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬
‫اﻟ ﺸﺮﻊ اﻟﻌﻘﺎ ﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻌﻮد ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮر ‪Ralph‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ Schwitzgehel‬اﻗ اﺣﮫ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،1971‬ﺣ ن ﻌﻮد اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ول ﻟ ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ا‬
‫ﻋﺎم ‪ 1987‬وﻻﻳﺔ ﻓﻠﻮر ﺪا وﻣﻜﺴﻴﻚ ا ﺪﻳﺪة‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ أدﻣﺞ اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﺪﺑ اﻟﺒﻘﺎء اﻟﺒ ﺖ " ‪ ،"house arrest‬و ﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﻨﺎك‬
‫ﻛﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻋﻦ ا ﺮﺔ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‪ ،‬وﻛﺄﺣﺪ ﻟ اﻣﺎت اﳌﻔﺮوﺿﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ إﻃﺎر ﻓﺮاج‬
‫اﻟﺸﺮﻃﻲ‪ ،‬وﻛﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﻒ ﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻲ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ ﺗﻄﻮر ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﺸ ﻞ ﻛﺒ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات ﺧ ة‪ .‬ﺬا وﺗﺒ ﺘﮫ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎت)‪ ،(6‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻋ ﺳ ﻴﻞ اﳌﺜﺎل‬
‫ﻓﺮ ﺴﺎ‪ ،‬واﻟ ﻌﻮد ﻓ ﺎ ﺸﺄة ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ا ﻋﺎم ‪،1997‬‬
‫ﻟﻴ ﻮن اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻔﻌ ﻟ ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم أﻛﺘﻮ ﺮ ‪ ،2000‬وﻗﺪ ﻖ ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم إﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬
‫ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ وذﻟﻚ ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ .2009-2008-2005-2004-2002-2000‬و ﺬا ﺪف‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﻧﻄﺎق اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮫ)‪.(7‬‬
‫اﳌﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ‪ :‬أﻏﺮاض اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻌﺪد ﺬﻩ ﻏﺮاض وﻣﻦ أ ﻤ ﺎ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ‪:‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋ اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎت اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﺠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺰاﻳﺪ ﺧﺬ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮ ﺔ ﻛﺮد ﻓﻌﻞ ﻋﻘﺎ ﻲ اﻋﺘﻤﺪﺗﮫ اﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎت ﳌﻮاﺟ ﺔ ا ﺮ ﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ا ﺗﻔﺎﻗﻢ‬
‫ﻛﺒ ﻟ ﺬا اﻟﺼﻨﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺷ ﻞ ﺿﻐﻄﺎ ﻛﺒ ا ﻋ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻟ ﻮن‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺛﻢ ﻋﺮﻗﻠﺔ ﺬﻩ ﺧ ة ﻣﻦ إﻣ ﺎﻧﻴﺔ اداء أي دور اﺻﻼح او ﺬﻳﺐ اﳌﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن‬
‫اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ‪ ،‬ذﻟﻚ ان ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟ ﻦ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻔﻲ ﻟﻺﻳﺪاع او ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻳﺔ أﻏﺮاض‬
‫ﺗﺮﻮ ﺔ ﺑﺪاﺧﻠﮫ )‪ .(8‬ﺑﻞ ان اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﻌﻤ اﺛ ﺖ ﺻﻌﻮ ﺔ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺬا اﻟﺪور‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫أ ﺖ اﻟ ﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺑ ن ﻣﺴ ﺒﺎت ز ﺎدة ا ﻄﻮرة ﺟﺮاﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻧ ﻴﺠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻜﺪس اﻋﺪاد اﳌﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن ﻋ ﻧﺤﻮ ا ﻌﻜﺲ ﻓﻴﮫ ﻋ ﻗﺪرة ﺟ ﺰة اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺼ ﻴﻒ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ‪ ،‬وﺻﻌﻮ ﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟ اﻣﺞ ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ)‪.(9‬‬
‫ﻓﻔﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ 2002‬ﻞ ‪ 34173‬ﻣﺤﺒﻮس‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ‪ 38868‬ﻣﺤﺒﻮس ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ ،2003‬ﻟ ﺗﻔﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺪد ا ‪ 42000‬ﻣﺤﺒﻮس ﻋﺎم ‪ 2004‬ﺛﻢ ا ﺧﻤﺴ ن أﻟﻒ ﻣﺤﺒﻮس ﻋﺎم ‪،2008‬‬
‫ﺣ ن ﻻ ﺗﺘﻌﺪى اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺳ ﻴﻌﺎﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺮﺔ ﳌﺠﻤﻮع اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎت اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ ب ‪30000‬‬
‫ﻣ ﺎن ﻟ ﺗﻔﻊ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2010‬ا ‪57000‬ﻣﺤﺒﻮس)‪.(10‬‬

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‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫ﻣﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﻧﺨﻠﺺ ا ان اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﺑﺈﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﺮرﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮاج ﻋﻦ‬
‫اﳌﺤﺒﻮس اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺧﺎرج اﻟ ﻦ ﺴﺎﻋﺪ ا ﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸ ﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻜﺪس اﻟ ﻮن ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺧﻔﺾ اﻟﺘ ﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﻋﻦ إدارة اﻟ ﻮن ‪ :‬وﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎت ﻓﻘﺪ ﻧﻮﻩ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻘﮫ اﻟﻔﺮ )‪ (11‬ا ان اﻟ ﻮء ا ﺑﺪاﺋﻞ اﻟ ﻮن وﻣﻦ ﺑﻴ ﺎ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎ ﺎ ا ﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎت اﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﺒ ة اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻹ ﺸﺎء ﻮن ﺟﺪﻳﺪة‪ ،‬ﻟ ﺴﺘﻮﻋﺐ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد اﳌ ﻮﻧ ن اﳌ اﻳﺪة‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺴﻤﺢ ﺬﻩ اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻞ ﻣﻦ ا ﻔﺎظ ﻋ اﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬
‫اﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻠ ﻮن‪ ،‬وﺗﻮﻓ ﻧﻔﻘﺎت ا ﺸﺎء اﻟ ﻮن ا ﺪﻳﺪة ﻟﺘﻄﻮ ﺮ اﻟ ﻮن اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬
‫وﺗﺤﺴ ن ا ﺪﻣﺎت اﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻓ ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺬا وذ ﺐ اﺧﺮ ا ان ﺗ ﻠﻔﺔ اﳌ ﺎن اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ ﻟﻴﻮم واﺣﺪ اﻟ ﻦ ﻳﺼﻞ ا ﺣﻮا‬
‫‪ 400‬ﻣﺌﺔ ﻓﺮﻧﻚ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻨﮫ ﺣﺪود ﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻓﺮﻧﻚ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ا ﻀﻮع ﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ)‪.(12‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﻣﺴﺎوئ ا ﺲ ﻗﺼ اﳌﺪة‪ :‬ﻌﺪ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮ ﺔ ﻗﺼ ة اﳌﺪة‬
‫ﻇﺎ ﺮة ﻋﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﻌﺎ ﻲ ﻣ ﺎ اﳌﺠﺘﻤﻊ اﻟﺪو ﺑﺎﺳﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﺬا وﺗﺘﺄذى ﻣ ﺎ اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ا ﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫اﺟﻤﺎﻟ ﺎ )‪.(13‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺑ ن ﻣﺎ ﻌﻴﺐ ا ﺲ ﻗﺼ اﳌﺪة اﻧﮫ ﻟﻦ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺑﺎي ﺣﺎل ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮال ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ أي‬
‫ﺪف ﺗﺮﻮي او إﺻﻼ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮس‪ ،‬وﻣﺮد ذﻟﻚ ﻗﺼﺮ اﳌﺪة اﻟ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻔﻲ ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺼﻴﺔ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺣ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ إﺻﻼﺣﮫ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ا ﺎ ﺗﺆدي ا ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺿﺎرة ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫ا ﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻻن ازدﺣﺎم اﻟ ﻮن وﻗﺼﺮ اﳌﺪة ﻳﺆدﻳﺎن ا ﻌﻄﻴﻞ ﺗﺄ ﻴﻞ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣ ﻗﻴﻞ اﻧﮫ دواء اﺳﻮا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪاء)‪.(14‬‬
‫اﳌﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ‪ :‬اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻨﻈﺎم ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮ ﺔ‬
‫ﻌﺪ ان ﻛﺮس ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﺸﺮ ﻌﻴﺎ ﻛﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻟ ﺲ‬
‫اﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎن ﻣﻦ ﺑ ن ا ﻢ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺪات اﳌﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﺳﻨﺔ ‪ 2018‬ﻮ اﻟﻨﺺ‬
‫ﻋ ﺟﻮاز ﮫ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﺄﺣﺪ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻓﻴﮫ ﻟﻠﻤﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺑﻘﻀﺎء ﻞ او ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺧﺎرج‬
‫اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫اﳌﻄﻠﺐ ول ‪ :‬راء اﳌﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﺣﻮل ﻣﺪى ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻮار ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ أﻏﺮاض اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮ ﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ ان ﻧ ﻨﺎول ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ راء اﳌﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﺣﻮل ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻮار ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ أﻏﺮاض‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‪ ،‬رأﻳﻨﺎ ان ﻧﺤﺪد أوﻻ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟ ﻋﺮﻓ ﺎ‬
‫اﻟ ﺸﺮ ﻌﺎت ا ﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫أوﻻ‪-‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺻﻮر ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺼﻮرة و ‪-‬ﻛﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺣﺪ ذا ﺎ)‪ :(15‬ﻌﻮد ﺳﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﻨﻄﻖ ﺑﮫ ﻨﺎ ا اﳌﺤﻜﻤﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ذﻟﻚ ﺷﺎن ﻋﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻊ اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ﻟﻴ ﻮن اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻧﮫ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺣﺪ ذا ﺎ ﺴﻠﺐ ﺣﺮﺔ اﳌﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﮫ دون وﺿﻌﮫ داﺧﻞ‬
‫اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ﻮ ﻣﺎ اﺧﺬت ﺑﮫ ﻓﺮ ﺴﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪-‬ﻛﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻀﻤﺎن ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟ اﻣﺎت اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ادﺧﻞ اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﻛﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاءات ا ﺰاﺋﻴﺔ و ﺬا‬
‫ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﺮ رﻗﻢ ‪ (16)02-15‬ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﺿﻤﺎن ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟ اﻣﺎت اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟ‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ان ﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﺎ ﻗﺎ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﺿﻤﺎن ﻣﺜﻮل اﳌ ﻢ اﻣﺎم اﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﺑﺪل‬
‫اﻳﺪاﻋﮫ ا ﺲ اﳌﺆﻗﺖ‪ ،‬اﻳﻦ ﻧﺼﺖ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 1 – 125‬ﻣﻨﮫ ﻋ ‪ ..." :‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻗﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮ ﻖ ﻗﺮار ﻣﺴ ﺐ‪ ،‬ان ﻳﻀﻴﻒ او ﻌﺪل اﻟ اﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻟ اﻣﺎت‬
‫اﳌﻨﺼﻮص ﻋﻠ ﺎ أﻋﻼﻩ"‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﺬﻩ ﻟ اﻣﺎت ﻧﺬﻛﺮ‪ :‬ﻋﺪم ﻣﻐﺎدرة ا ﺪود ﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟ ﺣﺪد ﺎ ﻗﺎ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺈذن ﺬا ﺧ ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪم اﻟﺬ ﺎب ا ﻌﺾ ﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬
‫اﳌﺤﺪدة ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮف ﻗﺎ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ وﻏ ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻟ اﻣﺎت‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺘ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ ﻌﺰﺰ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺤﺪاث ﻧﻈﺎم اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻓﻌﺎل ﻟ ﺲ اﳌﺆﻗﺖ)*(‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺼﻮرة اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪ :‬ﻛﻨﻈﺎم ﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‪ :‬و ﻮ ﻣﺤﻮر دراﺳ ﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪-‬وﺟ ﺎت اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺣﻮل ﻣﺪى ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻌﺪ ﻋﺮض ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‪ ،‬ﻌﺮج ﻟﺒﻴﺎن راء اﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻮﺟ ﺎت اﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬
‫ﺣﻮل ﻣﺪى ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ﺬا اﻟﺼﺪد ﻧ ﻮن اﻣﺎم‬
‫ﻓﺮ ﻘ ن‪ ،‬ﻓﺮ ﻖ اول ﻳﺮى ان اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺑ ﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﻤﻠﮫ‬

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‫ﺟﺮام‪ ،‬ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﺑ ن اﻟﺮدع‬ ‫ﺬﻩ اﻟ ﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻤ ﺑﺎ ﺎ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮد ﻋ‬

‫وإﻋﺎدة اﻟﺘﺄ ﻴﻞ‪ ،‬و ﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﺪرﺟﺔ و ﻋ اﻟﺜﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ درس اﺳﺘﺎذان اﻣﺮ ﻜﻴﺎن)*( ﺗﺎر ﺦ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت‬
‫اﳌﺘﺤﺪة ﻣﺮ ﻜﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﻮﺻﻼ ا ان اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﻳﺤﻘﻖ ﻞ ﻏﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﻔ‬
‫و ﺻﻼح واﻟﻨﻔﻊ ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺸﻜﻼت اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫و ﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ اﻟ ﻌ ض ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ اﻟﻮﺳﻂ اﳌﻐﻠﻖ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﻀ أداة‬
‫ﻌﻮل ﻋﻠ ﺎ ﻟﺘﺠﻨ ﺐ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺧﺘﻼط ﺑﻮﺳﻂ اﻟ ﻦ اﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ‪ ،‬وﻛﺬا ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ﺛﺎراﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﻴﺎة اﻟ ﻦ اﳌﻐﻠﻘﺔ وﻏ ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮاض ﻛﺘﻘﻠﻴﺺ اﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎت‪.‬‬
‫وﻋ اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﺎﻧﮫ ﻟﻢ ﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻧﺘﻘﺎدات‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺜ ون ﻳﺮون ان "اﻟ ﻦ اﻟﺒ ﺖ"‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺳﻠﺒﺎ ﻟ ﺮﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻜﺮس ﺻﻮرة اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺰاﺟﺮة واﻟ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎ ﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻟﻢ وا ﺮﻣﺎن‪ .‬و ﺬا‬
‫اﻟﺼﺪد ﻳﻘﻮل أﺣﺪ ﻗﻀﺎة ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﻓﺮ ﺴﺎ ان‪" :‬ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎب ﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﺻﻠﺒﺔ‬
‫وﺟﺎﻣﺪة ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﳌﺸ ﺪ اﻟﻌﻘﺎ ﻲ‪ ،‬واﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﻳﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﻴﮫ ﻛﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎ ﻣﺎ")‪.(17‬‬
‫اﳌﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ‪ :‬ﺣ ﺎم اﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻔﺎدة ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮاﻓﺮ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺎس ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‪ ،‬و ﺎﻟ ﺺ اﻟﺬي ﺳﻴﺨﻀﻊ ﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮوط‪ ،‬و ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼوة ﻋ ﻌﺾ اﻟﺸﺮوط اﳌﺎدﻳﺔ‪ .‬وا ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ ذﻟﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﺬا اﻟﺼﺪد ﺑ ن‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺨﺺ اﻟﺸﺮوط اﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤ‬
‫اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ا ﺲ‪ ،‬واﻟﺬي ﻟﻢ ﻳ ﻌﺪ اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ن‬
‫اﳌﺤﺒﻮس اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻨﻒ ول ﺸ ط اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ان ﻳ ﻮن ﻣﺪاﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮ ﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎوز ‪ 3‬ﺳﻨﻮات‪ ،‬و ﺬا ﻐﺾ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﳌﻘﺮرة‬
‫)*(‬
‫أﺻﻼ ﻟ ﺮ ﻤﺔ‪ .‬وﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﻓﻤ أدﻳﻦ ا ﺎ ﻲ ﺑﺠﺮ ﻤﺔ ﻋﻘﻮ ﺎ ﺗ اوح ﻣﻦ ‪ 10‬ا ‪ 20‬ﺳﻨﺔ‬
‫واﺳﺘﻔﺎد ﻣﻦ ﻇﺮف اﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻀ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ‪ 3‬ﺳﻨﻮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻨﺺ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 53‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت واﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻈﺮوف اﳌﺨﻔﻔﺔ ﻓﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﻻ ﻳﺤﻮل دون إﻣ ﺎﻧﻴﺔ اﻓﺎدﺗﮫ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻔﺌﺔ اﳌﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺸ ط ان ﺗ ﻮن اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ‬

‫اﳌﺘﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻌﺪى ‪3‬ﺳﻨﻮات‪ .‬وﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﺮوط ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟ ﺺ اﻟﺬي ﺳﻴﺨﻀﻊ‬
‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎن اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺸ ط ان ﻻ ﻳ ﻮن ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﺴﻮار‬
‫ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﺿﺮرا ﺑ ﺔ اﳌﻌ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮاء ﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﺮ ﺑﺒﺎﻟﻎ او ﺣﺪث‪ ،‬و ﺬا اﻟﺼﺪد‬
‫اوﺟﺐ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﻋ ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺔ او ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋ ﻃﻠﺐ اﳌﻌ ‪،‬‬
‫ان ﻳﺨﻀﻊ ﺬا ﺧ ﻟﻔﺤﺺ ‪-‬ﻗﺒﻞ او أي وﻗﺖ اﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‪-‬ﻃ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪم‬
‫ﺘﮫ‪ .‬ﻋﻼوة ﻋ اﻟﺸﺮوط ﻧﻒ ﺑﻴﺎ ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮاﻓﺮ ﺷﺮوط‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛ اﻟﺴﻮار ﻋ‬
‫ﻣﺎدﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ أﺳﺎﺳﺎ ان ﻳ ﻮن ﻟﻠﻤﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﻣﻘﺮ ﺳﻜﻦ او إﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻀﻼ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺴﺪﻳﺪ اﳌﻌ ﳌﺒﺎﻟﻎ اﻟﻐﺮاﻣﺎت اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‪.‬‬
‫وﻋﻦ إﺟﺮاءات ﺳﺘﻔﺎدة ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻧﮫ ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬
‫اﻟﺸﺮوط اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻒ ذﻛﺮ ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻘﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت اﻣﺎ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺔ ان ﻳﻘﺮر‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ﺬا اﻟﺼﺪد ﻻﺑﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﳌﻮاﻓﻘﺔ اﳌﺴﺒﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ او ﻣﻤﺜﻠﮫ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮ ﻲ إذا ﺎن ﻗﺎﺻﺮا‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺈﻣ ﺎن اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺼﻴﺎ او ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮ ﻖ ﻣﺤﺎﻣﻴﮫ ان ﻳﺘﻘﺪم ﺑﻄﻠﺐ ﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ا ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﳌ ﺎن إﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫اﳌﻌ ‪ ،‬او اﳌ ﺎن اﻟﺬي ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﮫ ﻣﻘﺮ اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ اﳌﺘﻮاﺟﺪ ﺎ اﳌﺤﺒﻮس‪ .‬و ﺬا‬
‫اﻟﺼﺪد ﻳ ﻮن ﻋ ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ان ﻳﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ اﺟﻞ ‪ 10‬أﻳﺎم‬
‫ﺗﺤﺴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮم اﺧﻄﺎرﻩ)*(‪.‬‬
‫ﻋ ان ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ‪ ،‬راي اﻟﻨﻴﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪،‬‬
‫و ﺬا ﻣ ﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﺮ ﺑﻤﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ا ﺲ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎوز ‪ 3‬ﺳﻨﻮات‪ .‬و‬
‫ﺬﻩ ا ﺎﻟﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ارﺟﺎء ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﺎ ا ﻏﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت وﺟﻮب أﺧﺬ راي ﻨﺔ‬ ‫و ﺨﺼﻮص اﳌﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن ﻓﻴﻘﻊ ﻋ ﻗﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت)*(‪ .‬وﻣ ﺗﻤﺖ اﳌﻮاﻓﻘﺔ ﻋ وﺿﻊ اﳌﻌ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺎم اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻧﮫ ﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺬ ﻌ ن ﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻋﻨﺪ اﺻﺪار ﻣﻘﺮر ﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺿﺮورة ان ﻳﺮا ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ ﺳﺮﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌ ‪ ،‬او إذا‬
‫ﺎن ﻣﺘﺎ ﻌﺎ ﻟﻌﻼج ﻃ ‪ ،‬او ﺸﺎط ﻣ او ﺎن ﻳﺰاول دراﺳﺘﮫ او ﺗ ﻮ ﻨﮫ‪ ،‬او إذا اﻇ ﺮ‬
‫ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺎت ﺟﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫ا ﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ؟ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﺪد اﳌﺸﺮع ا ﺰاﺋﺮي ﻣﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻀﻤﺎﻧﺎت‬

‫ﻮا ﻌﺪ اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺌﺔ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ ﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ا ﺲ واﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳ‬
‫ﺿﺮار اﻟ اﺣﺪﺛ ﺎ ا ﺮ ﻤﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺬا اﻟﺸﺄن ﻧﻘﻮل ﺑﺎن ﻣﺒﺎدرة اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﻹﺻﻼح‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺑ ن اﻟﻀﻤﺎﻧﺎت ا ﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫و ﺪل ﻣﺠ ﻮد ﻟﺘﻌﻮ ﺾ اﻟ ﺎﻳﺎ‪ ...‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫و ﻘﻊ ﻋ اﳌﺴﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻌﺪ ان ﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻊ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﻟﮫ ﺑﺎﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ)*( ‪ ،‬ﺣﻈﺮ ﻣﻐﺎدرة اﳌﻌ ﳌ ﻟﮫ او اﳌ ﺎن‬
‫اﳌﺤﺪد ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮف ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‪ ،‬ﺧﺎرج اﻟﻔ ات اﳌﺤﺪدة ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋ ان ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻌ ن ﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻛﻦ و وﻗﺎت ﻣﻤﺎرﺳﺔ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬
‫ﻟ ﺸﺎط ﻣ ‪ ،‬وﻣﺘﺎ ﻌﺘﮫ ﻟﺪراﺳﺔ او ﺗ ﻮ ﻦ او ﺗﺮ ﺺ او ﺷﻐﻠﮫ وﻇﻴﻔﺔ او ﻣﺘﺎ ﻌﺘﮫ ﻟﻌﻼج‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺗﻀﻤ ن ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺬا و ﺘﻤﺘﻊ ﻗﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺪﺑ او أﻛ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺪاﺑ اﳌﺤﺪدة ﺣﺼﺮا ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 150‬ﻣﻜﺮر ‪6‬‬
‫ﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﻤﺎرﺳﺔ ﺸﺎط ﻣ او ﻣﺘﺎ ﻌﺔ ﻌﻠﻴﻢ او ﺗ ﻮ ﻦ ﻣ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻈﺮ ارﺗﻴﺎد‬ ‫واﳌﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻌﺾ ﻣﺎﻛﻦ‪ ،‬او ﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﺑﺒﻌﺾ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠ ﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠ ن ﺻﻠﻴ ن او‬
‫ﺎص‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺮ ﺎء ا ﺮم اﳌﺪان ﺑﮫ او اﳌﺤﺒﻮس ﻷﺟﻠﮫ‪ ،‬ﺣﻈﺮ ﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﺑﺒﻌﺾ‬
‫و ﺎﻷﺧﺺ اﻟ ﺎﻳﺎ واﻟﻘﺼﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟ ام ﺸﺮوط اﻟﺘﻜﻔﻞ اﻟﺼ و ﺟﺘﻤﺎ او اﻟ ﺑﻮي او‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻔﺮض ﻋ اﳌﻌ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔ اﻟ ﺎدﻓﺔ ا إﻋﺎدة ادﻣﺎﺟﮫ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﺬا و ﻤﻜﻦ ان ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ إﻟﺰام اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ا اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎءات ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت او‬
‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ اﻟ ﻌﻴ ﺎ ﺬا ﺧ ‪.‬‬
‫و ﻤﻨﺢ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﻟﻘﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﺳﻠﻄﺔ ﻐﻴ او ﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻟ اﻣﺎت اﳌﺤﺪدة‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎ‪ ،‬او ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋ ﻃﻠﺐ اﻟ ﺺ اﳌﻮﺿﻮع ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﺗﺘﻮ اﳌﺼﺎ ا ﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﻹدارة اﻟ ﻮن )‪ (18‬ﺗﺤﺖ اﺷﺮاف ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‬
‫ﻣ ﻤﺔ ﻣﺘﺎ ﻌﺔ وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻌﺪ‪ ،‬وأﻳﻀﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻖ‬
‫اﻟﺰ ﺎرات اﳌﻴﺪاﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬واﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮ ﻖ اﻟ ﺎﺗﻒ)*(‪.‬‬

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‫ﺬﻩ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻣﺴﺎس ﺴﺮﺔ‬ ‫ﺬا اﻟﺼﺪد اﻟﻦ ﻳ ﻮن‬ ‫واﻟﺴﺆال اﻟﺬي ﻳﺜﻮر‬
‫)*(‬
‫اﳌﺮاﺳﻼت و ﺗﺼﺎﻻت ا ﺎﺻﺔ؟ وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ا ﺪار ﻻ ﻢ اﳌﺒﺎدئ اﳌﻜﻔﻮﻟﺔ دﺳﺘﻮر ﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﻈ ﺮ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺑﺎن اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮ ﻖ اﻟ ﺎﺗﻒ ﻓ ﺎ ﻣﺴﺎس ﺴﺮﺔ اﳌﺮاﺳﻼت‪ ،‬ﻃﺎﳌﺎ ان‬
‫اﳌﻌ ﻋ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم و ﻤﺎ ﻳﻔﺮﺿﮫ‪ .‬وان ﺎن اﳌﺸﺮع ﻟﻢ ﻐﻔﻞ ﺬا اﳌﺒﺪأ‬
‫اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮري اﻟ ﺎم ﻋﻨﺪ ادراج اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎت ا ﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻌﻘﺎ ﻲ‪ ،‬و ﺬا‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻨﺺ ﻋ وﺟﻮب اﺣ ام ﻛﺮاﻣﺔ اﻟ ﺺ اﳌﻌ ‪ ،‬وﺳﻼﻣﺘﮫ وﺣﻴﺎﺗﮫ ا ﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ ﺑ ن اﻟﻀﻤﺎﻧﺎت اﻟ أورد ﺎ اﳌﺸﺮع أﻳﻀﺎ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ان ﻋﻤﻞ اﳌﺼﺎ ﻳ ﻮن ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫اﺷﺮاف ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻋﻠ ﺎ وﺟﻮ ﺎ ان ﺗﻮاﻓﻴﮫ ﺑﺘﻘﺎر ﺮ دور ﺔ ﻋﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﮫ ﻓﻮرا ﺑ ﻞ ﺧﺮق ﳌﻮاﻗﻴﺖ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ا ﺎﻟﺔ ﺧ ة‪ ،‬ﻳﺠ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﻟﻘﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ان ﻳﻠ ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ﺬا ﻌﺪ ﺳﻤﺎع اﳌﻌ اﻟﺬي ﺛ ﺖ ﻋﺪم اﺣ اﻣﮫ ﻟﻼﻟ اﻣﺎت‬
‫اﳌﻔﺮوﺿﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ دون ﻣ ر ﻣﺸﺮوع‪ ،‬او اﻟﺬي أدﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺴﺘ ﺘﺞ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ان‬
‫ﺴﻠﻄﺔ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ اﻟﻐﺎء ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﻋ اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮاﻓﺮ‬ ‫اﳌﺸﺮع اﻋ ف ﻟﻠﻘﺎ‬
‫أﺳﺒﺎﺑﮫ‪ .‬وإذا ﻗﺮر اﻟﻐﺎءﻩ ﳌﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‪ ،‬ﻳ ﻮن اﻣ ﺎن اﻟ ﺺ اﳌﻌ ان ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﺗﻈﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫اﻣﺎم ﻨﺔ ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ )‪ (19‬واﻟ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠ ﺎ ان ﺗﻔﺼﻞ ﻓﻴﮫ اﺟﻞ ‪ 15‬ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺎر ﺦ ﺧﻄﺎر‪ .‬و ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﺎء ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻔﺬ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﺎ ﻋ‬
‫اﳌﻌ ﺑﺈﻳﺪاﻋﮫ اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬أي ﻌﺪ اﻗﺘﻄﺎع ﻣﺪة اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺬا وﺟﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻹﺷﺎرة ا ان اﳌﻌ ﺑﺈﻣ ﺎﻧﮫ ان ﻳﺘﻘﺪم ا ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﺑﻄﻠﺐ اﻟﻐﺎء اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‪.‬‬
‫و ﻞ ﺣﻮال ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺋﺐ اﻟﻌﺎم إذا رأى ان اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻨﺔ ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻧﮫ اﳌﺴﺎس ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻦ واﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻌﺎم‪ ،‬ان ﻳﺘﻘﺪم ﺑﻄﻠﺐ ا‬
‫ﺬﻩ ا ﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻓﻴﮫ اﺟﻞ أﻗﺼﺎﻩ ‪ 10‬أﻳﺎم ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻹﻟﻐﺎﺋﮫ‪ .‬و ﺠﺐ ﻋ اﻟ ﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺎر ﺦ ﺧﻄﺎر‪ .‬و ﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺼﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 150‬ﻣﻜﺮر ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن رﻗﻢ ‪.01-18‬‬
‫و ﺗﺐ ﻋ ﺗﻤﻠﺺ اﻟ ﺺ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﺺ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮ ﻖ ﻧﺰع او‬
‫ﻌﻄﻴﻞ ﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ا اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت اﳌﻘﺮرة ﺮ ﻤﺔ اﻟ ﺮوب اﳌﻨﺼﻮص‬

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‫ﻋﻠ ﺎ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت)*(‪ ،‬واﳌﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ا ﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺷ ﺮ ﻦ)‪ (2‬ا ﺳﺘﺔ أﺷ ﺮ)‪(6‬‬

‫و ﻐﺮاﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪ 20.000‬د‪.‬ج ا ‪ 100.000‬د‪.‬ج او ﺑﺈﺣﺪى ﺎﺗ ن اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺘ ن ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳ ز ﺟﻠﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ان ا ﺎﻻت اﻟ ﻗﺪ ﻳ ﺗﺐ ﻋ ﺎ اﻟﻐﺎء ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺬا ﺎ اﻟ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻤﺔ اﻟ ﺮوب‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﺪور ﺣﻜﻢ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻟ ﺴﺖ‬
‫ﺐ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‪ ...‬ا ﻣﻦ ا ﺎﻻت اﻟ ذﻛﺮت ﻋ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹداﻧﺔ‪ ،‬او ﻃﻠﺐ اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬
‫ﺳ ﻴﻞ ﻋ ا ﺼﺮ ﻻ ﺸ ﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻤﺔ اﻟ ﺮب وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻌﺪى أﺛﺮ ﺎ اﻟﻐﺎء ﻣﻘﺮر‬
‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ)*(‪.‬‬
‫اﻟـﺨ ــﺎﺗـ ـﻤ ــﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻌﺪ ان اﻧ ﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ دراﺳﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع »اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻨﻈﺎم ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ« ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﺪم أﺑﺮز اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﳌﺘﻮﺻﻞ اﻟ ﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎن ا ﻢ اﳌﻘ ﺣﺎت اﻟ‬
‫اﻓﺮز ﺎ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‪:‬‬
‫أوﻻ‪-‬اﻟ ـﻨـﺘـﺎﺋـ ــﺞ‪:‬‬
‫‪-‬ان ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﺗﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺪاﺋﻞ ا ﺲ‪ ،‬وﻧﻈﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻧﺺ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ اﳌﺸﺮع ا ﺰاﺋﺮي‬
‫ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن رﻗﻢ ‪ 01-18‬اﳌﻌﺪل واﳌﺘﻤﻢ ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ اﻟ ﻮن‬
‫وإﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ان اﺻﺪار ﻣﻘﺮر اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ ﻌﻮد ﻟﻘﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‬
‫ﺳﻮاء ﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺎ ﺎن او ﺣﺪﺛﺎ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻣ ﺗﻮاﻓﺮت ﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺸﺮوط‬
‫اﳌﺤﺪدة ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﺎ‪ ،‬و ﻣﻘﺪﻣ ﺎ رﺿﺎء اﳌﻌ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎم‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺗﺘﻌﺪد أﻏﺮاض واﻳﺠﺎﺑﻴﺎت ﺧﺬ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﻊ ﺬا‬
‫ﻻ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ﻣﻌﺎرﺿﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻧﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻜﺮس ﺻﻮرة اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺰاﺟﺮة واﻟ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎ ﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﺮدع‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪-‬اﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴـﺎت‪:‬‬
‫وﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎت اﻟ ﺧﻠﺺ اﻟ ﺎ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﻣ ﺎ اﻧﮫ ﺎن ﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﺤﺴﻦ ﻟﻮ‬
‫ان اﳌﺸﺮع ﻣﻨﺢ ﻗﻀﺎة اﳌﻮﺿﻮع ﺳﻠﻄﺔ ا ﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺑﺪﻳﻠﺔ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺣﺪ ذا ﺎ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎ ﺎ ذﻟﻚ ﺷﺎن ﻋﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻊ اﻟﻌﺎم‪.‬‬

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‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫ﺣﺪاث ﺳﻠﻄﺔ ا ﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺬا وارى ﺑﺎن ﻌﻮد ﻟﻘﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻮاء ﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﺮ ﺑﻄﻔﻞ ﺟﺎﻧﺢ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻌﺪى ﺛﻼث ﺳﻨﻮات‪ ،‬او ﺑﻘﻲ ﻋ‬
‫اﻧﻘﻀﺎء ﺎ ﺛﻼث ﺳﻨﻮات‪.‬‬
‫ﺧ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮل اﻧﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ا ﺰم ﺑﻨﺠﺎح او ﺑﻔﺸﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ﺬا ا ﺣ ن ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﮫ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻌﺪ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻣﺪى ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﮫ‬
‫ﻷﻏﺮاﺿﮫ و ﻣﻘﺪﻣ ﺎ دﻣﺞ اﳌﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن اﳌﺠﺘﻤﻊ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟ ﻮاﻣﺶ‪:‬‬

‫)‪ _ (1‬ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ ﺧﺎرج اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ اﺧﻀﺎع اﳌﺤﺒﻮس اﳌﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ ﻟﻠﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﻌﺒ ات اﻟﻔﻘﮫ ﺴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﳌ ل ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ اﳌ ل‪ ،‬واﺳﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻌﺒ اﻟ ﻦ اﳌ ل ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬اﻧﻈﺮ‪ :‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﳌﻨﻌﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﻴﻒ اﻟﻨﺼﺮ‪ :‬ﺑﺪاﺋﻞ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ اﻟ ﺸﺮﻌﺎت‬
‫ا ﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ا ﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﻘﺎ ﺮة‪ ،‬دار اﻟ ﻀﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﻴﺔ‪ ،2004،‬ص ‪.3، 2‬‬
‫)‪ _ (2‬اوﺗﺎ ﻲ ﺻﻔﺎء‪ :‬اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ "اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ" اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺮ ﺴﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ دﻣﺸﻖ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻮم ﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﻌﺪد ول‪ ،2009 ،‬ص‪.131‬‬
‫)‪ _ (3‬ﻣﺘﻮ اﻟﻘﺎ راﻣﻲ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎم اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻔﺮ واﳌﻘﺎرن‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻌﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺼﺎدرة ﻋﻦ ﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻣﺎرات‪ ،‬اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ ،63‬اﻟﺴﻨﺔ ‪ ،29‬ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ ‪ ،2010‬ص‪.285‬‬
‫)*(‪-‬اﻛﺪت اﳌ ﻠﻔﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﻋﻼم وزارة اﻟﻌﺪل ﻗﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺑﺎن‪" :‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ أﻧﺠﺰﻩ ﺟﺰاﺋﺮ ﻮن‪،‬‬
‫وﻟﻢ ﺗﺘﺠﺎوز ﺗ ﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﺸﺮوع اﻟﺴﻮار ‪ 100‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن دﻳﻨﺎر )‪ 833.333‬دوﻻر( ﻋ أن ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل أﺟ ﺰة‬
‫اﻧﻈﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫أﻋﻮام‪"...‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫ﳌﺪة‬ ‫اﳌﻨﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻮار‬
‫‪https://www.alaraby.co.uk/investigations/2017/12/9/‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺻﺮح ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺳ ﺸﺮاف واﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺑﻮزارة اﻟﻌﺪل ﻛﻴﻼ ﻲ زرواﻟﺔ ﺑﺎن اﻟﻜﻔﺎءات ا ﺰاﺋﺮﺔ‬
‫واﻃﺎرات اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ﺗﻤﻜﻨﺖ ﻣﻦ اﻧﺠﺎز اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ا ﺎص ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻴﻮﻓﺮ ‪ 80‬ﺑﺎﳌﺌﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻌﺮ اﻗﺘﻨﺎء ا ﺎز اﳌﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪ .‬ﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﻧﮫ اﻟﺘﺤﺮر ﻣﻦ رﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮ ﺎت ﺣﺘ ﺎر ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟ ﻻ ﺗﻤﻨﺢ اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ دون اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ا ﺎص ﺑﮫ وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺄﺳﻌﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻀﮫ‪.‬‬
‫اﻧﻈﺮ‪http://www.radioalgerie.dz/news/ar/article/20171015/123543.html:‬‬
‫)‪(4‬‬
‫_ اﻧﻈﺮ‪https://www.alaraby.co.uk/investigations/2017/12/9/- :‬‬
‫)‪ _ (5‬ﻣﺘﻮ اﻟﻘﺎ راﻣﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص‪.768‬‬
‫)‪ _ (6‬ﺣﻮل ﺑﻘﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺸﺮﻌﺎت اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ اﻟ اﺧﺬت ﺬا اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻧﻈﺮ‪ :‬اوﺗﺎ ﻲ ﺻﻔﺎء‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪،‬‬
‫ص‪.132‬‬
‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‪:‬‬

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‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫‪Jean-Charles Froment et Martine Kaluszynski, Justice et technologies, Surveillance électronique‬‬

‫‪en Europe, vers un nouveau modèle de justice ? Grenoble, Presses universitaires de Grenoble,‬‬
‫‪Collection « CERDAP», p15.‬‬
‫_)‪(7‬‬
‫‪Annie Kensey, René Lévy et Abdelmalik Benaouda, Le développement de la surveillance électronique en‬‬
‫‪France et ses effets sur larécidive, Un article de la revue Criminologie, Montréal Éditeur(s) Les Presses de‬‬
‫‪l’Université de Montréal ,Volume 43, Numéro 2, Automne, 2010, p154‬‬
‫)‪ _ (8‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﳌﻨﻌﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﻴﻒ اﻟﻨﺼﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص‪.32‬‬
‫)‪ _ (9‬ﻣﺘﻮ اﻟﻘﺎ راﻣﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص‪.280‬‬
‫)‪ _ (10‬ﻃﺮاﺑﻠ ﳌﻴﺎء‪ :‬إﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن ﺑ ن اﻟﻨﻈﺮﺔ واﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺑ ن اﻟ ﺸﺮﻊ‬
‫ا ﺰاﺋﺮي واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﳌﻘﺎرن‪ ،‬أﻃﺮوﺣﺔ دﻛﺘﻮراﻩ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ا ﺰاﺋﺮ‪ ،2011/2010 ،‬ص‪.161‬‬
‫)‪ _ (11‬ﻧﻘﻼ ﻋﻦ‪ :‬ﻣﺘﻮ اﻟﻘﺎ راﻣﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص ‪.283‬‬
‫)‪ _ (12‬ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻋﻤﺮ‪ :‬ﺑﺪاﺋﻞ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﻟ ﺮﺔ اﻟ ﺸﺮﻌﺎت ا ﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ا ﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﻘﺎ ﺮة‪ ،‬دار‬
‫اﻟ ﻀﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﻴﺔ‪ ،2004 ،‬ص‪.24‬‬
‫)‪ _ (13‬ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ أﻛ اﻧﻈﺮ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻨ ن إﺑﺮا ﻴﻢ ﺻﺎ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ‪ :‬اﻟﻨﻈﺮﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻈﺮوف اﳌﺨﻔﻔﺔ )دراﺳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ(‪ ،‬اﻟﻘﺎ ﺮة‪ ،‬دار اﻟ ﻀﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﻴﺔ‪ ،1970 ،‬ص‪.339‬‬
‫)‪_ (14‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﳌﻨﻌﻢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﻴﻒ اﻟﻨﺼﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص‪.46‬‬
‫)‪ _ (15‬ﻃﻠ ﻟﻴ ‪ :‬اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻮم ﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ )ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺧﻮة ﻣﻨﺘﻮري‬
‫ﻗﺴﻨﻄﻴﻨﺔ(‪ ،‬ا ﺰاﺋﺮ‪ ،‬ﻋﺪد ‪ 47‬ﺟﻮان ‪ ،2017‬ص‪.255‬‬
‫اﻧﻈﺮﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت اﻟﻔﺮ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Article 132-26-1 Lorsque la juridiction de jugement prononce une‬‬
‫‪peine égale ou inférieure à deux ans d'emprisonnement, ou, pour une personne en état de‬‬
‫‪récidive légale, une peine égale ou inférieure à un an, elle peut décider que la peine sera exécutée‬‬
‫‪en tout ou partie sous le régime du placement sous surveillance électronique à l'égard du‬‬
‫"‪condamné qui justifie :.........‬‬
‫)‪ _ (16‬ﻣﺮ رﻗﻢ ‪ 02-15‬اﳌﺆرخ ‪ 23‬ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ ‪ ،2015‬ﻌﺪل و ﺘﻤﻢ ﻣﺮ رﻗﻢ ‪ 155-66‬واﳌﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬
‫ﺟﺮاءات ا ﺰاﺋﻴﺔ \ا ﺮﺪة اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد ‪ ،40‬اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ وا ﻤﺴﻮن ‪.‬‬
‫)*(‪ -‬و ﻮ ﻣﺎ ورد اﳌﺬﻛﺮة اﻟﺼﺎدرة ﻋﻦ وزارة اﻟﻌﺪل‪ ،‬اﳌﺪﻳﺮﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺆون اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫)ﻣﺪﻳﺮﺔ اﻟﺸﺆون ا ﺰاﺋﻴﺔ وإﺟﺮاءات اﻟﻌﻔﻮ( واﻟ ﺎن ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋ ﺎ ﻣﺮ رﻗﻢ ‪ 02-15‬اﳌﻌﺪل واﳌﺘﻤﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﺟﺮاءات ا ﺰاﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬و ﻮ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﺎ أو ﮫ اﳌﺪﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻠﻌﺼﺮﻧﺔ ﺑﻮزارة اﻟﻌﺪل ا ﺰاﺋﺮﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮ ﺢ ﻟﮫ ﻷول ﻣﺮة ﺑﺎن‪ ":‬اﻟﺴﻮار ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﺪف ا ﺗﺪﻋﻴﻢ اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ وﺗﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﻧﻄﺎﻗ ﺎ‪،‬‬
‫وﺿﻤﺎن اﺣ ام اﳌ ﻢ‪ ،‬وﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋ اﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎت اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ا ﺟﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﺴﻤﺎح ﻟﻠﻤ ﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻤﺎرﺳﺔ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﮫ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺣ ﻣﺜﻮﻟﮫ اﻣﺎم اﳌﺤﻜﻤﺔ"‪ .‬اﻧﻈﺮ ذﻟﻚ اﳌﻮﻗﻊ ﻟﻜ و ﻲ ﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪https://arabic.sputniknews.com/arab_world/201612261021414421-‬‬

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‫ﻣﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت و اﻟﺒﺤﻮث اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ‪........................................................................................‬اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ – ﺟﻮان ‪2018‬‬

‫)*(‪ -‬و ﻤﺎ‪ R-A Ball et J-R Lilly :‬ﻧﻘﻼ‪ :‬اوﺗﺎ ﻲ ﺻﻔﺎء‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص ‪.131‬‬
‫)‪ _ (17‬اوﺗﺎ ﻲ ﺻﻔﺎء‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص‪.132 ،131‬‬
‫)*(‪-‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻋ ﺳ ﻴﻞ اﳌﺜﺎل ا ﺮﻤﺔ اﳌﻨﺼﻮص ﻋﻠ ﺎ ﺑﻤﻮﺟﺐ ﻧﺺ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 232‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‪،‬‬
‫واﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺸﺎ ﺪ اﻟﺰور اﻟﺬي ﻳﻘﺒﺾ ﻧﻘﻮدا او اﻳﺔ ﻣ ﺎﻓﺌﺔ ﺎﻧﺖ او ﺗﻠﻘﻰ وﻋﻮدا واﳌﻌﺎﻗﺐ ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟ ﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮﺳﻨﻮات ا ﻋﺸﺮ ﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)*(‪ -‬ﻟﻠﻤﺤ ﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﮫ اﻟﺬي رﻓﺾ ﻃﻠﺐ اﻓﺎدﺗﮫ ﺑﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬إﻣ ﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻘﺪم ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻄﻠﺐ اﺧﺮ ﻌﺪ ﻣ ‪ 6‬أﺷ ﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺎر ﺦ رﻓﺾ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ول‪ ،‬ذﻟﻚ ان ﻣﻘﺮر‬
‫ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﻏ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻷي ﻃﻌﻦ‪.‬‬
‫)*(‪ -‬ﺗﻨﺺ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 24‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ اﻟ ﻮن وإﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن ﻋ ان »ﺗ ﺸﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺪى ﻞ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ وﻗﺎﻳﺔ و ﻞ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ إﻋﺎدة اﻟ ﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ﻞ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ إﻋﺎدة اﻟﺘﺄ ﻴﻞ‪ ،‬و اﳌﺮاﻛﺰ‬
‫اﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠ ﺴﺎء‪ ،‬ﻨﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت ﻳﺮأﺳ ﺎ ﻗﺎ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت«‪.‬‬
‫)*(‪ -‬ﺗﻨﺺ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 150‬ﻣﻜﺮر ‪ 7‬ﻋ ان‪" :‬ﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻊ اﳌﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫اﳌﻮﻇﻔ ن اﳌﺆ ﻠ ن اﻟﺘﺎ ﻌ ن ﻟﻮزارة اﻟﻌﺪل"‪.‬‬
‫)‪ _ (18‬ﺗﻨﺺ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 113‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ اﻟ ﻮن ﻋ ان "ﺗ ﺸﺎ ﻣﺼﺎ ﺧﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﺗﺎ ﻌﺔ ﻹدارة‬
‫اﻟ ﻮن ﺗ ﻠﻒ‪......‬ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ إﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن‪ .‬ﺗﻘﻮم ﺬﻩ اﳌﺼﺎ ﺑﻤﺘﺎ ﻌﺔ‬
‫أﺣﺪ ﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺎص ا ﺎﺿﻌ ن ﻟﻼﻟ اﻣﺎت واﻟﺸﺮوط ا ﺎﺻﺔ اﳌ ﺗﺒﺔ ﻋ وﺿﻌ ﻢ‬
‫ﺬا اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﻜ ﺎ ان ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﺘ ﻠﻴﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎت اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺑﺈﺟﺮاء‬ ‫اﳌﻨﺼﻮص ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬
‫ﺎص اﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋ ن ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ"‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ وﻣﺘﺎ ﻌﺔ‬
‫)*( ‪ -‬أﺟﺮﺖ ﻋﺪة ﺗﺠﺎرب ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣ اﻟ ﺎﺗﻒ اﻟﻨﻘﺎل )‪ (Ooredoo ، Djezzy،Mobilis‬واﻟ‬
‫اﻓﻀﺖ ا ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﺠﺪﻳﺔ‪ .‬اﻧﻈﺮ‪ :‬وزارة اﻟﻌﺪل‪ ،‬ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﺣﻮل ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ اﳌﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻜ وﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص‪.3‬‬
‫)*(‪ -‬ﺗﻨﺺ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 46‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮر ا ﺰاﺋﺮي رﻗﻢ ‪ 01-16‬ﻋ ‪" :‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز اﻧ ﺎك ﺣﺮﻣﺔ ﺣﻴﺎة اﳌﻮاﻃﻦ‬
‫ا ﺎﺻﺔ‪ ،‬وﺣﺮﻣﺔ ﺷﺮﻓﮫ‪ ،‬و ﺤﻤ ﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ‪ .‬ﺳﺮﺔ اﳌﺮاﺳﻼت و ﺗﺼﺎﻻت ا ﺎﺻﺔ ﺑ ﻞ اﺷ ﺎﻟ ﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻧﺔ‪ .‬ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﺑﺎي ﺷ ﻞ اﳌﺴﺎس ﺬﻩ ا ﻘﻮق دون اﻣﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬و ﻌﺎﻗﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ﻋ اﻧ ﺎك ﺬا ا ﻜﻢ"‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (19‬ﺗﻨﺺ اﳌﺎدة ‪ 143‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ اﻟ ﻮن وإﻋﺎدة دﻣﺎج ﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﻮﺳ ن ﻋ ان‬
‫"ﺗﺤﺪث ﻟﺪى وز ﺮ اﻟﻌﺪل‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﺧﺘﺎم‪ ،‬ﻨﺔ ﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻮ اﻟﺒﺖ اﻟﻄﻌﻮن ‪....‬‬
‫ودراﺳﺔ ﻃﻠﺒﺎت ﻓﺮاج اﳌﺸﺮوط اﻟ ﻌﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص اﻟﺒﺖ ﻓ ﺎ ﻟﻮز ﺮ اﻟﻌﺪل‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﻓﻆ ﺧﺘﺎم‪،‬‬
‫واﺑﺪاء رأ ﺎ ﻓ ﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ إﺻﺪارﻩ ﻣﻘﺮرات ﺸﺄ ﺎ‪".‬‬
‫)*(‪-‬اﻧﻈﺮ‪ :‬اﳌﺎدة ‪ 188‬ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻌﻘﻮ ﺎت‪.‬‬
‫)*(‪ -‬وﻋ ذات اﻟﻨ ﺳﺎراﳌﺸﺮع اﻟﻔﺮ ‪ .‬اﻧﻈﺮ ذﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻋﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‪ ،‬ص‪.149‬‬

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