MULTIPLEXER AND

DEMULTIPLEXER
8/12/2020
MULTIPLEXER
● A digital multiplexer also known as data selector and abbreviated
as MUX.
● It is a combinational logic circuit which accepts several data inputs
and accepts only one of them at a time and directs it to single
output line.
● Multiplexer actually means that many in to one, and is thus a
circuit which has many inputs (2n) but only one output.
● The select inputs actually select the input that should reach the
output.
ENCODERS AND DECODERS
10/12/2020
COUNTERS
❖ The counter has the ability to count and it is a important and useful subsystem
of a digital system.
❖ A flip-flop can store one binary information.
❖ Thus to store more binary information a group of cascaded flip flops are
registers are required.
❖ A counter is a register which is capable of counting the number of clock
pulses which have arrived at its clock input.
❖ Thus the counter has to actually remember the number of clock pulses
applied at the input.
What is Asynchronous?
Asynchronous stands for the absence of synchronization.
Something that is not existing or occurring at the same
time. In computing or telecommunication stream,
Asynchronous stands for controlling the operation timing
by sending a pulse only when the previous operation is
completed rather than sending it in regular intervals.
Asynchronous Counter
Now we understood that what is counter and what is the meaning
of the word Asynchronous. An Asynchronous counter can count
using Asynchronous clock input. Counters can be easily made
using flip-flops. As the count depends on the clock signal, in case
of an Asynchronous counter, changing state bits are provided as
the clock signal to the subsequent flip-flops. Those Flip-flops are
serially connected together, and the clock pulse ripples through the
counter. Due to the ripple clock pulse, it’s often called a ripple
counter.
Instead of a pendulum or an oscillating wheel,
digital clocks use an electronic timebase to count
off the seconds and keep the time accurate.
Instead of gears, digital clocks use what's known
as a "counter" and, of course, the clock uses an
LED or LCD face to display the numbers rather
than hands and a painted surface. For the alarm
mechanism itself, digital clocks make use of either
a radio or a recording of an alarm sound, which
usually rings or pulses.