Marshall

Cavendish
Cambridge
Primary Maths
(2nd Edition)
Stage11: 4
CHAPTER
DATA REPRESENTATION

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 A Make Tally Charts and Frequency Tables
Learning Outcomes: (1) Record, organise and represent discrete data with tally charts and
(grouped) frequency tables; (2) Interpret data and discuss conclusions.

Eddy and Izzy record the total number of books borrowed

by students each day from the library in the last 20 days.

Compare their records.

Whose record is easier to read?
Convince your partner.

Izzy’s record Eddy’s record

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 (a) Cookies Some Children Sold
The table below shows the number of boxes of cookies sold by 20 children.

How can you sort the values in a grouped frequency table?

Step 1: Study the data

There are no values less than 15.
There are no values greater than 34.
All the values fall within the range 15 to 34.

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 (a) Cookies Some Children Sold
Step 2: Draw a grouped frequency table
We group the data in intervals of 5.
Start with the interval, 15 to 19, as there are no values less than 15.
The last interval is 30 to 34 as there are no values greater than 34.

Boxes of cookies sold Tally Frequency

15 – 19
20 – 24
25 – 29
30 – 34

There are 4 intervals in total. Each interval has 5 values

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 (a) Cookies Some Children Sold
Step 3: Complete the frequency table
Put the data values into the correct groups using tally marks.

Boxes of cookies sold Tally Frequency

15 – 19 5
means 5 data.
20 – 24 3
Frequency is the
25 – 29 7 number of times a
30 – 34 5 data appears.
There are 20 children, so the frequencies add up to 20.
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(b) Interpreting Data from a Grouped Frequency Table
Based on the grouped frequency table from (a), we interpret the data.

5 children sold 30 to 34 boxes of cookies.

___ Look at the last row in the table.

25 to ___
Most children sold between ___ 29 boxes of cookies. Look for the highest frequency.

We cannot tell the number of boxes of cookies each child sold from the table.
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 B Read Pictograms and Bar Charts with Scales
Learning Outcomes: (1) Represent data with pictograms and bar charts;
(2) Interpret data and discuss conclusions

The pictogram shows the favourite

planets of a group of children.
a. How many children are shown?
b. Why is the key important?
Discuss with your partner.

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 B Read Pictograms and Bar Charts with Scales

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 (a) Pictogram
The pictogram shows the number of apples Kwan picked over 3 months.

Let’s study the data.

In August, Kwan picked 5 × 5 = 25 apples.

In September, Kwan picked 4 × 5 = 20
apples.
In October, Kwan picked 7 × 5 = 35 apples.
Kwan picked the most apples in October
and the fewest in August.

Key: Each = 5 apples

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 (a) Bar Chart
The bar chart shows the number of apples Kwan picked over 3 months.

In the bar chart, the numbers on the

vertical axis are in skip counts of 5.

5
So, it has a scale of __.

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 (b) Interpreting Data
From the bar chart and the observations in (a), we can interpret the data.

20 apples in September.
Kwan picked ___

Kwan picked 25 apples in August.

25 – 20 = 5
5 more apples were picked in
So, __
August than in September.

25 + 20 + 35 = 80
In total, Kwan picked ___
80 apples.

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 C Represent Data With Dot Plots
Learning Outcome: 1) Represent data with dot plots (one dot per count);
Interpret data and discuss conclusions

Cathy asks her friends the

number of pets they have at
home. She draws a pictogram
to display the data.
Do you think a pictogram was
a good choice?
Discuss with your partner.

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 C Represent Data With Dot Plots

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 (a) Dot Plots
Michael records the number of sit-ups his classmates
complete in 1 min. How can you sort these values on
a dot plot? Use dot stickers to complete the dot plot.

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 (a) Dot Plots

29 31

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 (b) Interpreting Dot Plots
From the dot plot in (a), we interpret the data.

29 31
Each dot stands for 1 __________.
classmate
The least number of sit-ups done in 1 min is ___.
31
The number of sit-ups in 1 minute with the highest frequency is ___.
29

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 D Sort Data on Venn and Carroll Diagrams
Learning Outcome: Organise and represent data with Venn and Carroll
diagrams (up to 3 criteria)

A group of children are standing

in a large Venn diagram.
a. What can you say about
Tety?
b. Ben does not like cycling or
swimming. Where should he
stand on the Venn diagram?

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 D Sort Data on Venn and Carroll Diagrams

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 (a) Carroll Diagrams
Rachel sorts some shapes using a Carroll diagram.
A Carroll diagram sorts items using “yes” and “no” situations.

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 (a) Carroll Diagrams
We compete the Carroll Diagram as follows.

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 (b) Venn Diagrams
Amit sorts some animals using a Venn diagram.
A Venn diagram sorts data into groups based on their features.

What can you tell based on

the Venn diagram?
A Komodo dragon only eats
_____
meat and does not have ____.
fur
fur eats _____
A bear has ___, meat
plants .
and _______

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