EMERGENCE OF FEUDAL INDIA 211

lustful longing for the ripe breasts and thighs

were, a
asit
disyplaying, and her devastating glances. Sinnilarly, in
beautitulwoman
Subhashitaatnakosha ((welfth century), an anthology of
ofa
a
Vidhakara
morethantwohundred sources and hence arepresentative
hON
poctic tradition,the donnibant theme remains
sLanzas sSanskrit
classical
crotic,often sybaritic, experience of men and Women as
t the o
sensual, goddesses.
ihe godsand
nellasof emergenceof the feudal hierarchy characterized by the
Wihthe Sanskritlanguage developed new literary genres like
the
urtstyle,
cplc, lyric poetry, biography,and novel, etc. More importantly,
drana, remarkable change in its flavour so that the real
tookplace a
there
conveyed bythe author was concealed beneath the verbiage
eato be imageries, adjectives, and complicated adverbs. Bana's
metaphors,
ot provides
prose a typical example of stylistic pleonasm. asInmany
poetry,
ac
to one view
Ymetres were invented and acCording
serenty-eight syllabic metres were used in classical Sanskrit poetry.
eary
Besides prosody. poetics received much attention during
medieval times. Already Bharata in his Natyashastra had laid its
undations. Now several authors wrote on poetics. Bhamaha in his
Karyalamkara (seventh-eighth centuries) defined different aspects of
poetics and expounded the doctrine of lamkara (ornamentation);
Udbhata (AD 779-813) and Rudrata (AD 900-1200) also dealt with
the theme in considerable detail. Dandin (seventh century?) in his
Karyadarsha and Vamana (eighth-ninth centuries) in his Kavipriya
enunciated new ideas of poetics. Anandavardhana (ninth century), the
author of the Dhvanyaloka, became the chief exponent of the dhvani
Feverberation) school. This influenced the rasa (lavour) theory as
oeieloped by Abhinavagupta (tenth century) in his Abhinavabharati
and Kavyaloka. Mammata (eleventh-twelfth centuries) in his
Karyaprakasha summarized with remarkable conciseness the various
earlier ideas and theories of poetics, his work becoming the basis of
several exegetical exercises in subsequent times. There was thus an
Ubaprecedent
with the
ed development of poetics as a discipline. This coincided
growth of lexicography. More than half a dozen well-
known dictionaries of homonyms and synonyns belong to the tinne
bracket of A)
makeExcessive 600-1200.to prosody,poetics, andIlexicography tended to
attention
the
Sanskrit language complicated, florid, pedantic, and prolix.