NSAMBYA SENIOR VSECONDARY SCHOOL

END OF TERM ONE EXAMINATIONS

S.6 CHEMISTRY PAPER 2
TIME: 2HOURS 30MINUTES
Instructions
• Attempt any FIVE questions in section
• Do not attempt more than THREE questions from each section
SECTION A
1. (a) Explain what is meant by the term order of a reaction. (03 marks)
(b) Describe an experiment that can be carried out to show that the decomposition of
hydrogen peroxide solution follows first order kinetics. (08 marks)
(c) The iodination of propanon in acidic solution takes place according to the equation;

CH3COCH3(aq) + I2(aq) CH3 COCH2I (aq) + HI(aq)

The rate of the reaction was followed by withdrawing 10 cm3 samples from the reaction
mixture, quenching and titrating against standard sodium thiosulphate solution. The
following results were obtained.

Time (min) 0 10 20 30 40

Vol. of Na2S2O3(aq) (cm3) 8.0 6.5 5.0 3.5 2.0

(i) Plot a graph of volume of sodium thiosulphate used against time.

(03 marks)
(ii) What is the order of the reaction with respect to iodine? Explain your
answer. (03 marks)
(iii) Write an expression for the rate of the reaction if the reaction is first order
over all. (01 mark)
(iv) What would be the effect on the gradient of your graph of doubling the
initial concentration of iodine. Give a reason for your answer.
(02 marks)

2. Complete each of the following equations and in each case outline a possible mechanism for
the reactions

(5 mark)
 (3 ½ marks)

(3 marks)

(3 ½ marks)

(4 ½ marks)

3. (a) Distinguish between lattice energy and hydration energy.

(b)Explain briefly how the two energy terms in (a) affect the solubility of ionic compounds.

(c) Given the following thermodynamic data.

Standard enthalpy of formation of aluminium fluoride = -1301kJmol-1
Standard enthalpy of atomization of aluminium = +314kJmol-1
Standard enthalpy of bond dissociation of fluorine gas = +158kJmol-1
First ionization energy of aluminium = +577kJmol-1
Second ionization energy of aluminium = +1820kJmol-1
Third ionization energy of aluminium = +2740kJmol-1
First electron affinity of fluorine = -348kJmol-1

(i) Define the standard enthalpy of formation.

(ii) Draw an energy level diagram for the formation of aluminium fluoride and use it
to determine the lattice energy of aluminium fluoride.
 (c) Given that the hydration energies of aluminium ions and fluoride ions are -4690 and -
-1
364kJmol respectively. Calculate the enthalpy of solution of aluminium fluoride and hence
Comment on its solubility in water.

4. Carbon , silicon , tin and lead are some of the elements of group(IV) of the Period Table.
(a) Write the outer most electronic configuration of the elements.(01marks)
(b) Describe how the elements react with :
(i) dry air (2½marks)
(ii) bromine (03marks)
(iii) sulphuric acid. (06marks)
(b) State the conditions and write equation for the reaction between
(i) carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide. (2½marks)
(ii) silicon (IV) hydride and water. (2½marks)
(iii) lead(IV) oxide and sulphuric acid. (2½marks)
SECTION B
5. (a)Explain why fluorine shows some differences in its properties from the rest of the elements
(chlorine, bromine and iodine) of the Periodic Table. (03 marks)
(b)State the differences between the chemistry if fluorine and the rest of the elements in
Group (IV) of the Periodic Table. (08 marks)
(c) Write equations to compare the reactions of fluorine and chlorine when they react
separately with
(i) water (1 ½ marks)
(ii) cold dilute sodium hydroxide solution (03 marks)
(iii) hot concentrated sodium hydroxide solution (03 marks)
(d) Write equation for the reaction between hydrofluoric acid and silicon dioxide.
(1 ½ marks)
6. Write equations to show how the following compounds can be synthesized.

7. (a) In a typical back titration exercise, 5.2g of ammonium chloride contaminated with sodium
chloride as impurity was boiled with 200cm3 of 1.0M potassium hydroxide solution in
5minutes. The residual solution was carefully diluted to make 250cm3 of solution. 25cm3 of
the solution required 21.80cm3 of 0.5M hydrochloric acid for complete reaction.

Ammonium chloride reacts with hydroxide according to the equation.

NH4Cl(aq) +KOH(aq) → KCl(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l)

Potassium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the equation

KOH (aq) + HCl(aq) → KCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Calculate:

(i) Number of moles excess potassium hydroxide in the reaction mixture (4marks)
(ii) The number of moles of potassium hydroxide that reacted with ammonium chloride (4mks)
(iii)The percentage purity of ammonium chloride (4marks)
(b) Distinguish between a redox reaction and a disproportionation reaction (2marks)

(c)Write equations and state observations to illustrate the following disproportionation reaction
of:

(i) Copper(I)oxide in dilute sulphuric acid (3marks)

(ii) Manganate(VI)ion in acidic medium (3marks)
8. Methane reacts with steam according to the following equation
CH4 (g) + 2H2O (l) 2CO2 (g) + 4H2 (g)

When 0.625moles of methane and 3.0moles of water were heated in a 4dm3 vessel, 2.0moles
of hydrogen were formed at equilibrium.

(a) (i) Write an expression for the equilibrium constant , Kc (1mark)

(ii) Calculate the value of Kc (4marks)

(b) The enthalpies of formation of methane, water and carbon dioxide are -76,-242 and -
394 KJmol-1 respectively.
(i) Calculate the enthalpy change for the forward reaction (4marks)
(ii) State the effect of increasing temperature on the value of Kc and give a reason for your
answer. (3marks)
(c) Using a suitable example explain how concentration would affect equilibrium position
and equilibrium constant for a reversible reaction at equilibrium. (6marks)
(d) State two characteristics of any chemical equilibrium (2marks)

END