Geometry in Real Life

Answer Key
Unit 1

Week 1: Day 1

4. Learning how to sketch a diagram is an important skill. Look back at the

situations listed above. Draw a picture of each situation.

I. An artist might draw this: But a math book will draw only
a diagram:

← ← ← 90 in → → ← ← ← ← 90 in → →

II. An artist might draw this: But a math book might draw
this:

← ← 6 ft →

← ← 6 ft →

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III. An artist might draw this: But a math book might draw this:

↑
↑
90◦?→→

Note: Whether you chose to draw like an artist or a mathematician doesn’t matter
for this assignment. Be sure to go back and label the measurements on your sketch.
For our future assignments, we’ll be drawing diagrams.

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Week 1: Day 2

1. Take out your compass and a piece of paper and draw circles. Draw a few more
with a string instead of a compass.

2. Measure the radius of each circle you drew.

Answers will vary, but here are some examples.

Note: the drawings don’t have to be perfect.

● r =34 in
● r = 1 4 in
1

● r = 5.5 cm

3. Be sure to write the definitions on your Geometry Notes page:

Circle, point, plane, and radius

4. Be sure to add the Area of a Circle formula to your Geometry Notes page.

𝐴𝐴(𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶) = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2

3
Week 1: Day 3

Be sure this chart is filled in. Answers to columns 1-3 will vary, but column 4
should be close to 3.14 (π).

Circular Object AROUND ACROSS RATIO

Example: 9.5 in 3 in 9.5 ÷ 3 =
tennis ball 3.167
1.

2.

3.

1. Add the definitions to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Diameter and ratio

2. Add the formulas for pi and for the diameter to your Geometry Notes formulas
page.

𝜋𝜋 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 3.14 (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)

𝑟𝑟 = 1/2 𝑑𝑑 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑑𝑑 = 2𝑟𝑟

4
Week 1: Day 4

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page and formulas page:

Definitions of circumference, dimension, length, width, height.
Formula of circumference: 𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟

2. Practice finding the Circumference of these circles. Use π = 3.14 for your
calculations, and be sure to include the units in your answer:

a. r = 1 mi. C = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 1 = 6.3 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

b. r = 4 km. C = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 4 = 25.1 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘

c. r = 6 ft. C = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 6 = 37.7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

d. r = 7 in. C = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 7 = 44.0 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

e. r = 10 cm. C = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 10 = 62.8 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

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Week 1: Day 5

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Area, right angles, and units.

2. Make sure you have the formulas for circumference and area written on the
formulas page: 𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2

3. Given a circle with the listed radius, find the Area and the Circumference of
each. Use π = 3.14. Round to one decimal place. Be sure to include the units.

a. r = 2 ft. C = __________________ A = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 2 = 12.6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2 = 3.14 ∙ 22 = 12.6 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

b. r = 3 in. C = __________________ A = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 3 = 18.8 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2 = 3.14 ∙ 32 = 28.3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖2

c. r = 5 cm. C = __________________ A = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 5 = 31.4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2 = 3.14 ∙ 52 = 78.5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2

d. r = 8 cm. C = __________________ A = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 8 = 50.2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2 = 3.14 ∙ 82 = 201.0 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2

e. r = 9 cm. C = __________________ A = __________________

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 = 2 ∙ 3.14 ∙ 9 = 56.5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2 = 3.14 ∙ 92 = 254.3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2

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Week 2: Day 1

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions and formulas pages:

4
Volume and sphere. 𝑉𝑉(𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒) = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 3 .
3

2. Imagine you are a gardener. You have been hired to take care of a circular planter
that is 6 feet across. Your final step is to order bark to lay on top of the soil, so the
flowers won’t dry out too quickly. One bag of bark will cover 4 square feet of soil.
How many bags of bark should you order?

a. Label the radius: r = ________________

The diameter is 6 ft, so the radius must be 3 ft. r=3ft

b. Find the Area: A = _________________

𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 9𝜋𝜋 = 28.3 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

c. How many bags are needed? _________

1𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
28.3 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 ∙ = 7.075 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
4𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
Since gardening centers do not sell partial bags, you have two choices:
1. Buy 7 bags and spread the bark a little thinner, or
2. Buy 8 bags and save the rest for later.

7
Week 2: Day 2

1. Write on your Geometry Notes definitions page: Exponential growth.

4
2. Make sure the formula 𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 3 is written on the formulas page.
3

3. Given a circle or sphere with the following radius, find the circumference, area,
and volume of each. Instead of multiplying by pi, leave them as a factor of π.
4
Round to one decimal place. Remember, 𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 3
3

a. r = 6 cm 𝐶𝐶 = 12𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝐴𝐴 = 36𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 𝑉𝑉 = 288𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3

b. r = 7 cm 𝐶𝐶 = 14𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝐴𝐴 = 49𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 𝑉𝑉 = 457.3𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3

c. r = 8 cm 𝐶𝐶 = 16𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝐴𝐴 = 64𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 𝑉𝑉 = 682.7𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3

d. r = 9 cm 𝐶𝐶 = 18𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝐴𝐴 = 81𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 𝑉𝑉 = 972𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3

e. r = 12 cm 𝐶𝐶 = 24𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝐴𝐴 = 144𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 𝑉𝑉 = 2,304𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3

4. Compare these two lines of our chart. When you triple the radius, what happens
to the other measurements? Use the example in this lesson as a pattern.
r = 3 in C = 6π in A = 9π in2 V = 36π in3

r = 9 in C = 18π in A = 81π in2 V = 972π in3

Radius: 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 3 = 9 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 3 = 31 , 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.

Circumference: 6π 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 3 = 18π 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 3 = 31 , 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.
Area: 9π 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 ∙ 9 = 81π 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 9 = 32 , 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.
Volume: 36π 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 ∙ 27 = 972π 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 27 = 33 , 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 3 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.

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Week 2: Day 3

1. Town planners have set aside land to build a water tower. They laid out a circle
with an area of 154 ft2. How many cubic feet of water will the tower
hold? (Assuming the tank is a sphere.)
154 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2

154
� = �𝑟𝑟 2 ←←←divide by π,
𝜋𝜋
then √ both sides
𝑟𝑟 = 7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
←←←remember this radius
4
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋 (7)3
3
4
𝑉𝑉 = ∙ 343𝜋𝜋 ≈ 1436.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3

2. With that same water tower, what is its capacity in gallons instead of ft3?
(Use 1 ft3 = 7.5 gallons.)
1436.8𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 7.5𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔
∙ = 10,776 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔
1 1𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3

3. Suppose the town planners find the best company to order a tank from is based in
Europe. They have to change their calculations into metric. What size tank should
they buy?
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 1: 𝑟𝑟 = 7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
7𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 12𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 2.54𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 1𝑚𝑚
∙ ∙ ∙ = 2.13 𝑚𝑚 = 𝑟𝑟 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
1 1𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 1𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 100𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
4
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋 (2.13)3 = 40.48 𝑚𝑚3
3
A meter is just a little more than a yard. There are 3 feet in a yard, and Volume is in
3 dimensions. To check our answer, divide the original Volume from question 1 by
33: 1077.6÷27= 39.9 yd3, which is very close to our answer above: 40.48 m3.

9
4. Take a few minutes to review the definitions and formulas on your Geometry
Notes pages. There will be a unit quiz soon.

10
Week 2: Day 4

1. Add the definition to your Geometry Notes definitions page.

𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 360 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.

2. The town welcome committee wants to plant geraniums around the base of the
tower from yesterday’s assignment. What would be the circumference of that
circular planter? (Leave your answer as a factor of π.)
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦: 𝑟𝑟 = 7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 14𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

3. If they plant one geranium every 3.14 feet, how many geraniums will they need?
𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 14𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
3.14 = 𝜋𝜋, 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 14 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔

4. The town’s sister city has an old water tank whose volume is the same (see your
answer from Week 2, Day 3, #1). They want to plant geraniums around a new tank
with double that capacity. How many geraniums will they need?
Step 1: Double the tank volume.
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒: 𝑉𝑉 = 1436.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
2(𝑉𝑉 ) = 2873.6 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
4
2873.6 = 𝜋𝜋𝑥𝑥 3
3
3
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝜋𝜋, 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
4
4 3
914.7 ≈ 𝑥𝑥 ; 686 ≈ 𝑥𝑥 3
3
3 3
√686 = �𝑥𝑥 3
8.82 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 𝑥𝑥, 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
Step 2: Calculate the Circumference of the new circle:
𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 2(8.82)𝜋𝜋 = 17.64𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
The committee will need about 18 geraniums to plant one every π feet apart.

11
Our gardener just moved to a new college in Fresno, California. This location has
even more circular planters. The space between the buildings is laid out like this,
with the sidewalks (in white) curved around the planter boxes (in green). Every
radius he measured in this quad was four feet long. Hint:

5. What is the complete area of the five planter boxes altogether?

1
𝐴𝐴 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 4 𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 1 + 4 � � = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
4
2
2[𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 ]
2𝐴𝐴 = 2𝜋𝜋(4)2
2𝐴𝐴 = 32𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 100.5 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
6. The college trustees want our gardener to replace the brick border around each of
the planters. One brick is 8 inches long. How many bricks should he order to
complete the project? (Note: the straight lines on this drawing represent buildings
and sidewalks, so he will only need bricks for the curved portions.)
Step 1: Calculate the circumference of all five planters (curves only):
1
𝐴𝐴 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 4 𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 1 + 4 � � = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
4
2[𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋]
2𝐶𝐶 = 4𝜋𝜋(4)
2𝐶𝐶 = 16𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 50.3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
Step 2: Calculate the number of bricks required:
50.3𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 12𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 1𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
∙ ∙ = 75.5 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
1 1𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 8𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

12
Week 2: Day 5 – Unit 1 Quiz

Directions: Find the listed measurements of each circle. Leave your answer as a
factor of π, and include the correct units in the answer.

1. Radius = 5 cm.

Diameter = 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

C = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 10 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

A = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 25 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

2. Radius = 4 in.

Diameter = 8 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

C = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 8 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

A = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 16 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2

3. Radius = 3 ft.

4
V = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 3 = 36 𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3

13
4. Match all of the measurements to the correct dimension. You may use each
dimension several times.
__𝑏𝑏. ___ i. circle a. One dimension
__𝑏𝑏. ___ ii. plane b. Two dimensions
__𝑎𝑎. ___iii. radius c. Three dimensions
__𝑐𝑐. ___iv. sphere
__𝑏𝑏. ___v. area
__𝑎𝑎. ___vi. diameter
__𝑎𝑎. ___vii. circumference
__𝑐𝑐. ___viii. volume
__𝑎𝑎. ___ix. length
__𝑎𝑎. ___x. width

5. Match the following definitions:

__𝑎𝑎. ___i. circle a. all points equally distant from the
center in a plane
__𝑔𝑔. ___ii. radius b. all points equally distant from the
center in three dimensions
__𝑒𝑒. ___iii. diameter c. a relationship formed by dividing
__𝑏𝑏. ___iv. sphere d. measurement in one direction
__𝑐𝑐. ___v. ratio e. distance across a circle
__𝑑𝑑. ___vi. dimension f. distance around a circle
__𝑓𝑓. ___vii. circumference g. distance from center to circle’s edge

6. A circle contains __360___degrees; a right angle contains __90___degrees.

14
7. Convert 10 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 from English to metric, using these ratios. Round to one decimal
place. 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 2.54 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 100 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 1 𝑚𝑚

10𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 12𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 12𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 2.54𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2.54𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 1𝑚𝑚 1𝑚𝑚

∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ = 0.93 𝑚𝑚2
1 1𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 1𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 100𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 100𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

8. A circle’s radius doubles in size. How much bigger will the area of the circle be?

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = 2𝑟𝑟, 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋(2𝑟𝑟)2 = 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2

If the radius doubles, the new Area will be four times as large.

9. If a sphere’s radius doubles in size, how much bigger will the volume be?

4 4
𝜋𝜋 (2𝑟𝑟)3 = 8( 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 3 )
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = 2𝑟𝑟, 𝑉𝑉 =
3 3
If the radius doubles, the new Volume will be eight times as large.

10. Solve the gardener problem with new numbers:

A gardener must cover a circular planter that is 10 feet across with bark. If one bag
of bark covers 4 square feet, how many bags must she buy?

𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 𝜋𝜋(5)2 = 25 𝜋𝜋 = 78.5 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

78.5𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 1𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
∙ = 19.625
1 4𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 20 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏.

15
 Unit 2
Week 3: Day 1

1. Write these on your Geometry Notes definitions page:

Line, Line segment, Plane, Quadrilateral, Vertex, Kite, Adjacent, Parallel,

Trapezoid, Triangle

2. I’m going to let you be the teacher for a minute. Why would this lesson include
triangles as part of the quadrilateral unit? Use the concepts from today’s lesson to
explain your answer.

Answers will vary, but should refer to this concept: “A triangle is simply a
trapezoid whose top parallel side equals zero.”

16
Week 3: Day 2

1. With your ruler, compass, and protractor, make triangles with sides of the listed
lengths. If there is one that does not make a triangle, explain why.

a. 3 in, 4in, 5in

b. 9 cm, 12.5 cm, 17.5 cm
c. 2 in, 7in, 8 in
d. 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm These measurements do not make a triangle. The first
two add up to exactly the third, so all of the sides fall on the same line.

In this activity, you discovered a very important principle of triangle making:

In any triangle, the sum of two sides must always be greater than the third side.

2. Using the triangles from #3 above, or any other you may wish to create, draw a
parallel line to cut off the top of the triangle. A parallel line will always be the same
distance apart, so do this by measuring a distance from the bottom side. What shape
do you have left?
You will have a trapezoid if you cut off the tip of a triangle with a line
parallel to the bottom side.

3. The word truncate means to cut off or shorten. In that sense, when we cut off the
top of a triangle parallel to the base, we get a trapezoid. Is there any way to draw a
trapezoid that doesn’t form a truncated triangle? Why?
Since the definition of a trapezoid is a quadrilateral with one set of parallel
sides, it is impossible to not form a trapezoid when you cut the top off a
triangle with a line parallel to the bottom.

4. Test your theory by drawing a trapezoid, and then extending the slanted sides
until they cross.
Drawings will vary.

17
Week 3: Day 3

1. Today’s definitions border on insulting. As we said, we’ve known these shapes

since Preschool. However, it’s important to keep all the parallels “straight.” (Pun
intended.) Add these definitions to your Geometry Notes definitions page:
Truncate, Parallelogram, Rhombus, Rectangle, Square, Polygon, Regular
Polygon

2. Fill in a chart like this, putting a check mark on all of the characteristics the
shapes must have to be called by that shape name:

4- 1 set of 2 sets of Adjacent Opposite All sides 90°

sided ∥ sides ∥ sides Sides = sides = are = angles
Quadri 
-lateral
Kite  

Trape-  
zoid
Tri-
angle
Parallel    
-ogram
Rhom-      
bus
Rect-     
angle
Square       

3. While you’re thinking about it, how would you sort or organize these shapes?
Which ones would you put together, and why? You may draw and label a picture to
illustrate your answer, but be sure to include your reasons. (Equal sides? Parallel
lines? Right Angles? Some other reason?)
Answers will vary.

18
4. By the way, you’re not supposed to forget what you learned last unit. Find the
circumference, area, and volume of a circle or sphere with a radius of 𝑟𝑟 = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.

𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝜋𝜋 ∙ 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 30 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ≈ 94.2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 (15)2 = 225 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 ≈ 706.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
4
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋 (15)3 = 4500 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 ≈ 14130 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3
Note: because I used the approximation of 3.14 for pi, I used the “almost equal”
wavy sign to show it’s not exact. If you used the pi button on your calculator, you
would get a slightly different number and round it off to one or two decimal places.

5. If a spherical water tower has a volume of 288 𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 , what is the radius of the
tank? (Hint: write out the formula and use algebra to work backward.)

4
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 3 = 288 𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3
4 3
Divide both sides by pi: 𝑟𝑟 = 288 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3
3 4 3
Multiply both sides by ¾ ∙ 𝑟𝑟 3 = ∙ 288 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
4 3 4
𝑟𝑟 = 216 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3

3 3
Take the cube root of both sides: √𝑟𝑟 3 = �216 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
𝑟𝑟 = 6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

19
Week 3: Day 4

1. Add the definition of perimeter to your Geometry Notes definitions page, and
add the formula for perimeter to your Shapes Formulas in one dimension.
𝑷𝑷 = 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔

2. Label the sides of the following shapes. Don’t forget to include units. Find the
Perimeter:

a. Square: one side is 4 cm. P = 16 cm

b. Rectangle: one side is 5 in and one is 2 in. P = 14 in

c. Parallelogram: one side is 2 ft and one is 1.5 ft. P = 7 ft

20
d. Trapezoid: Starting at the bottom and working around clockwise:
Sides measure 8 cm, 6 cm, 5 cm, and 6 cm. P = 25 cm

e. Triangle: Sides are all 6 in. P = 18 in

f. Kite: one side is 4 cm, and one is 6 cm. P = 20 cm

g. Irregular shape, with sides marked in cm. P = 51 cm

21
Week 3: Day 5

1. Add these definitions to your Geometry Notes definitions page: base and height.
Add the basic principle of area to the Geometry Facts page, and add the formulas
for rectangle and square to the shape formulas page, under the two dimensions
heading.
𝐴𝐴(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑐𝑐𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
𝐴𝐴(𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠) = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
2. Find the areas and perimeters of the following. Include the units of each.
a. Square:
□ Each side is 5 inches. Label each side with its number.
5 in
Mark the square corners with a □. Note: only one shown.
5 in 5 in
P = 20 in
A = 25 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
5 in

b. Rectangle:
□ Base is 8 feet. Height is 4 feet.
8 ft
Label each side. Mark the square □ corners.
4 ft 4 ft P = 24 ft
8 ft A = 32 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

c. Combined image:
12–5=
All corners are right angles.
7 cm
cm Mark the square □ corners.
cm All sides are measured in cm.
□ 6+5=
Label the units and the missing sides.
11cm
cm P = 46 cm
cm A = rectangle minus square:
𝐴𝐴 = (12 ∙ 11) − (5 ∙ 5) = 107 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

22
Week 4: Day 1

1. Add the Area of a Parallelogram to your Geometry Notes formulas page.

𝐴𝐴(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ

2. Find the Area and Perimeter of these Parallelograms. Label each side. Mark
where the height goes and label it with a square □.
a.
8 ft
Base is 8 ft. Height is 4 ft.
Slanted sides are 5 ft.
5 ft h=4 ft
5 ft P = 8𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 8𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 26𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
b=8 ft A = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 8𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 4𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 32 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

5 ft
b.
Base is 5 ft. Height is 10 ft.
12 ft Slanted sides are 12 ft.
h=10 ft P = 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 12𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 12𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 34𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
12 ft
A = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 10𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 50𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

b=5 ft
3. Another homeowner has a rhombus-shaped yard that measures 60 feet on all
sides and 40 feet deep (that’s the height). If sod costs fifty cents per square foot,
how much will the homeowner spend to replace his grass?
This is a trick question, because a rhombus is just a parallelogram with all
equal sides. 𝐴𝐴(𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜) = 𝐴𝐴(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ.
Solution: 𝐴𝐴 = 60𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 40𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 2400𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 .
2400𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 $0.50
∙ = $1200
1 1𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
4. How many linear feet of fencing will that same homeowner need to replace the
fence around three sides of the yard?
Three sides of the 60 ft rhombus will add up to 180 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 .

23
Week 4: Day 2

1. Write down these definitions on your Geometry Notes definitions page:

perpendicular, and average base. Write the formula for the area of a trapezoid
(average b·h) on your formulas page.
𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ

2. Draw any trapezoid, using the lines on your notebook paper to keep the top and
bottom parallel. Following the directions below, find the middle (average) base
halfway between the parallels. Cut the corners off the bottom and tape or glue
them onto the top to form a rectangle.

Note: if the triangles don’t seem to line up at first, remember that the
thickness of the line will throw off your measurements. If you overlap the
slanted lines, it should work.

3. Practice finding the areas of these trapezoids. Label the measurements given.
Draw in the height and mark it with a square □.

b1 = 6ft
a.
Top b1 = 6 ft Avg base = (4𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 6𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓) ÷ 2 = 5 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
Bottom b2 = 4 ft
h =5ft
Height h = 5 ft A = 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 25 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

b2 = 4ft

24
b. b1 = 3cm
Top b1 = 3 cm Avg base = (3𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 7𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) ÷ 2 = 5𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
Bottom b2= 7 cm h =4cm
Height h = 4 cm A = 5𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 4𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 20𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

b2 = 7cm

c. b1 = 10in
Top b1 = 10 in Avg base = (10𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 6𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖) ÷ 2 = 8𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Bottom b2 = 6 in h =4in
Height h = 4 in A = 8𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 4𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 32𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2

b2 = 6in

d. b1 = 7in
Top b1 = 7 in Avg base = (7𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 9𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖) ÷ 2 = 8𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Bottom b2 = 9 in h =6in
Height h = 6 in A = 8𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 6𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 48𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2

b2 = 9in
e.
Top b1 = 3 cm Avg base = (3𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 5𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) ÷ 2 = 4𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
Bottom b 2= 5 cm h =7cm
b1 = 3cm
b2 = 5cm

Height h = 7 cm A = 4𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 7𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 28𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

Note: As you can see, the height can be drawn anywhere between those two
parallel lines. The trapezoid doesn’t have to be drawn “right side up,”
either. The bases are still the parallel lines, even if they’re vertical.

25
Week 4: Day 3

1. Add these to your Geometry Notes formulas and facts pages:

Geometry facts:
• A triangle is half a parallelogram.
• For any triangle, the height is the perpendicular distance between the
base and the opposite angle.
Formula (two-dimensional):
1
𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
2

2. Practice turning triangles into parallelograms, following the directions in the

lesson. Make your triangle as weirdly shaped as you like, as long as it has 3 straight
sides. Make two complete parallelograms.

Rotate

Flip ↗

Note: if the triangles don’t seem to line up at first, remember that the
thickness of the line will throw off your measurements. If you overlap the
slanted lines, it should work.

3. Mark the bases and heights of these triangles. Find the areas.

a. b = 6 in h
h = 6 in
1 1 36
A = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 6𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 6𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = = 18 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2 2 2
b

26
b.
b = 6 cm
h = 3 cm h
1 18
A= 6𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 3𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = = 9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2 b

c.
b = 4 ft
h
h = 3 ft
1 12
A= 4𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 3𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = = 6 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2 2
b

b
d.
b = 10 cm
h = 3 cm h
1 30
A= 10𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 3𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2

e. b
b = 5 cm
h = 5 cm
1 25
A= 5𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 5𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = = 12.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 h
2 2

27
Week 4: Day 4

1. Add these to your Geometry Notes definitions page: diagonal, line of symmetry,
straight angle, and kite.

2. Add these to your Geometry Notes formulas and facts pages:

Geometry Fact:
• Anything can be separated into two parts: 𝑥𝑥, and 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 − 𝑥𝑥. Together,
they make the whole, because (𝑥𝑥) + (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 − 𝑥𝑥) = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡.

Formula (two-dimensional):
𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2
𝐴𝐴(𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘) =
2

3. Mark the diagonals of these kites. Find the areas.

a. d1 = 7 in
d2 = 10 in ←10 in→ ←7 in→
1
A= ∙ 7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 10 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 35 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2

b. d1 = 8 ft
←8 ft→

←9 ft→
d2 = 9 ft
1
A= ∙ 8 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 9 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 36 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2
←15 cm→

c. d1 = 11 cm
d2 = 15 cm
1 ←11 cm→
A= ∙ 11 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 82.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2

28
4. If the Area of a kite is 12 ft2, what are three different possibilities for the lengths
of the diagonals? (Integers only, please.)
1
𝐴𝐴 = ∙ 𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2 = 12 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2
1
𝐴𝐴 = ∙ ( )𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ ( )𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 12 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2
Therefore, the two blanks have to multiply to equal 24. There are several ways to do
this with integers: 1 ∙ 24, 2 ∙ 12, 3 ∙ 8, 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 4 ∙ 6. You may choose any of these pairs to
fill in the blanks below.
d1 = _________ d1 = _________ d1 = _________
or or
d2 = _________ d2 = _________ d2 = _________

5. Jane and Michael want to build a kite. They have cross pieces of balsa wood
which measure 2 ft and 3 ft. They want to buy nylon fabric to glue on the frame, but
it costs $2.50 per square foot. They pooled their allowance to get $8. Assuming they
already have string, do they have enough money to complete the kite?

1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2 = ∙ 2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 3 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2 2
2
3𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 $2.50
∙ = $7.50
1 1𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
Yes, Jane and Michael have enough money ($8) to complete the kite.

29
Week 4: Day 5

1. Print out the following. Write in these bits of information: Name, Formula, Equal
sides, Parallel sides, Right angles.

30
2. For each of the following, draw a rough sketch of the shape, label the distances,
and find the areas and perimeters. Be sure to draw and mark the height.

a. Trapezoid: b1 = 5 in, b2 = 12 in, h = 6 in, and both sides measure 7 in.

5 in
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 12 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
7 in h=6 in 7 in 𝐴𝐴 = ∙ 7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
2
𝐴𝐴 = 8.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 59.5 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
12 in
𝑃𝑃 = 12 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 31 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

b. Parallelogram: base = 4 cm, h = 3 cm, slant sides = 3.5 cm.

4 cm
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
3.5 cm 𝐴𝐴 = 4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 12 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
h=3cm 3.5 cm

4 cm 𝑃𝑃 = 4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 3.5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 3.5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

𝑃𝑃 = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

c. Square: one side = 5.2 ft.

5.2 ft 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
𝐴𝐴 = 5.2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 5.2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 27.04 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
5.2 ft 5.2 ft
𝑃𝑃 = 5.2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 5.2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 5.2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 5.2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
5.2 ft 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑃𝑃 = 4( 5.2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ) = 20.8 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

31
d. Triangle: base = 6 cm; height = 4.67 cm. The other sides are 4 cm and 9 cm.

1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
9 cm 2
1
h=4.67 cm 𝐴𝐴 = 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 4.67 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
←4 cm 2
𝐴𝐴 = 14 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 (14.01 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟)
6 cm

e. Kite: The two diagonals are 6 in and 7 in. One set of adjacent sides are 5 in. The
other pair of adjacent sides are 4.24 in.

𝑑𝑑1 ∙𝑑𝑑2
4.24 in 4.24 in 𝐴𝐴 =
↓ 6 in 2
6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖∙7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
←7 in 𝐴𝐴 = = 21 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2
5 in 5 in
𝑃𝑃 = 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 4.24 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 4.24 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑃𝑃 = 18.48 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

32
Week 5: Day 1

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Semi-circle.

2. Tape your circle to a piece of notebook paper, write the angle measurements of a
semi-circle and quarter circle on it, and add it to your notebook.

3. On Week 1, Day 1 of this course, we introduced the idea that you could use the
face of an analog watch as a protractor, even if you were stranded on a desert
island. How would that work? Which hour markings form a straight angle (180°) if
the hour and minute hands represent the radii? Which hour markings form a right
angle with each other?

The hours are marked at even intervals around the dial, making diameters
(straight angle) at six-hour intervals. The quarter hours form right angles.

At noon and 6:00 the hands form a straight angle, as well as at 1:00 and
7:00, 2:00 and 8:00, and so on.

At noon and 3:00 the hands form a right angle, as well as at 1:00 and 4:00,
2:00 and 5:00, and so on.

4. For each of the following, draw a rough sketch of the shape, label the distances,
and find the areas.

a. Triangle: b = 4 in, h = 7 in.

1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = (4 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖) = 14 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2 2
h=7 in

4 in

33
b. Rectangle: b = 7 in, h = 5 in.

𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 35 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2

5 in

7 in

c. Kite: diagonals measure 8 cm and 11 cm.

𝑑𝑑1 ∙𝑑𝑑2
8 cm →

𝐴𝐴 =
11 cm → 2
8 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙11 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐴𝐴 = = 44 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2

d. Trapezoid: top = 3 cm, bottom = 8 cm, and h = 6 cm.

3 cm
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 8 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐴𝐴 = ∙ 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
2
h=6 cm 𝐴𝐴 = 5.5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 33 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

8 cm

e. Rhombus: b = 5 ft, h = 4 ft.

𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 5 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 4 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 20 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2

h=4 ft

5 ft

34
Week 5: Day 2

1. Fill in your Geometry Notes definitions pages: Inductive reasoning, Deductive

reasoning. Add this to the Geometry Facts page:

To write a geometry proof, you have to give reasons.

2. Look back over how we demonstrated the area formulas for the shapes listed. If
you were to write an inductive proof for each, what kind of reasons would you list?
(This doesn’t have to be a formal proof. Just a list showing why the “twist” for each
area works.)

a. parallelogram (Week 4: Day 1)

The area of a parallelogram is the same as the area of a rectangle with the
same base and perpendicular height. We showed this by cutting off the
slanted corner from one side and inserting it on the other to form a rectangle.

b. trapezoid (Week 4: Day 2)

The area of a trapezoid is the same as the area of a rectangle with the same
perpendicular height, and a base the same as the average of the top and
bottom. We showed this by cutting off the bottom corners at the middle, and
rotating them onto the top to form a rectangle.

c. Triangle (Week 4: Day 3)

The area of a triangle is half the area of a parallelogram. We showed this by
cutting parallelograms in half to form triangles, and by doubling triangles to
form parallelograms.

d. Kite (Week 4: Day 4)

The area of a kite is half the product of the two diagonals. We showed this by
forming two triangles with the base and height of the diagonals, then taking
the area of each – half of the base times the height.
35
3. Look back at your definitions page to answer this: What is the difference between
linear and collinear?
Linear means it can be measured in a straight line, in one dimension, even if
it’s curved or bent.
Collinear means that every part is on the same straight line – no curves or
bends allowed.

36
Week 5: Day 3

1. Add these definitions to your Geometry Notes pages: Construction, Geometric

proof, Bisect.

2. Draw another line segment on a blank piece of paper and see if you can bisect it
without looking at the steps from this lesson.

● ●

3. Solve the following multi-step word problems. Remember that you can’t mix
measurements, so you’ll have to pick a unit and convert the rest to the same unit.

a. A child’s rectangular sandbox measures 6 feet 3 inches by 4 feet 6 inches. If a

truckload of sand measures one cubic yard, it will cover three square yards to a
depth of one foot each. How many truckloads will it take to fill the sandbox to a
depth of one foot? (Hint: Convert all measurements to feet and round to 1 decimal
place.)
3
6𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 3𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 6.25 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
12
6
4𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 4 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 4.5 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
12
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 6.25 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 4.5 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 28.1 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
continued on next page…

37
 1 𝑦𝑦𝑑𝑑3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 3 𝑦𝑦𝑑𝑑2 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑎𝑎 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 1 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 3 𝑦𝑦𝑑𝑑2 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓:
3 𝑦𝑦𝑑𝑑2 3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
∙ ∙ = 27 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
1 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦
The parent may choose to get two truckloads, just to be safe, but it will
overfill the box. It is more likely that the parent will get one truckload and
settle for sand that’s slightly less than a foot deep.

b. A group of high schoolers used a circular watering pond as a swimming hole last
summer, but it’s dry now. It measures 3 ft 6 inches deep and 12 yards in diameter.
Find the area of the circle and multiply by the depth to find its volume in cubic feet.
If 1 cubic foot equals about 7 ½ gallons, how many gallons will it take to fill the
pond?
12 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓: ∙ = 36 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.
1 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦
36 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟: = 18 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 𝑟𝑟
2
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2 = 𝜋𝜋 ∙ (18 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓)2 = 324𝜋𝜋 ≈ 1017.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
𝑉𝑉 = 1017.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 ∙ 3.5 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 ≈ 3561 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3561𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 7.5𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔: ∙ ≈ 26,700 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔
1 1𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3

Did you notice the result was rounded off to fewer places each time? First to
tenths, then to ones, then to hundreds? That’s because the more times you
round off, the less accurate your answer is. Any answer close to 26,700
gallons will be fine. By the time you’ve added that much water, what’s a few
gallons more or less?

38
Week 5: Day 4

n 1. line a. measures 180 degrees

j 2. adjacent b. lines that cross at right angles

d 3. regular polygon c. the bottom side of a shape

i 4. height d. a shape with all equal sides and angles

a 5. straight angle e. lines that go the same direction and never cross

m 6. line segment f. the point where two line segments meet

e 7. parallel g. divide something exactly in half

l 8. perimeter h. drawn across a figure to opposite corners

b 9. perpendicular i. measured at right angles to the base

g 10. bisect j. side-by-side instead of opposite

f 11. vertex k. shorten something by cutting part off

k 12. truncate l. the distance around the edges of a shape

c 13. base m. the part of a line between two endpoints

h 14. diagonal n. the straight path between two points, extending

beyond indefinitely

39
Fill in the blanks:

15. A quadrilateral (quad) has four sides, but a triangle has only three.

16. A quad with only one pair of parallel sides is a trapezoid.

17. A quad with two pair of equal adjacent sides is a kite. Its diagonals
are perpendicular.

18. A parallelogram has two pair of equal, parallel sides. The rest of
the shapes below are special types of this shape.

19. A shape with two pair of parallel sides that are all equal is a rhombus.

20. A shape with two pair of parallel sides that meet at right angles is a
rectangle.

21. A shape with equal, parallel sides and all right angles is a square.
Because its adjacent sides are equal, it is also a special kind of kite.

Match the shape to its Area formula. Some formulas may be used more than once.

e 22. circle a. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
d 23. kite 1
b. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
a 24. parallelogram, 2
c. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
f 25. quadrilateral
1
a 26. rectangle d. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2
2
a 27. rhombus e. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2
a 28. square f. No formula
c 29. trapezoid
b 30. triangle

40
Week 5: Day 5 – Unit 2 Quiz

Multiple choice – select all correct answers, even if there is more than one.

c, e 1. Which of the following is required for a shape to be a kite?

a. parallel sides
b. right angles
c. equal adjacent sides
d. equal opposite sides
e. perpendicular diagonals
f. all of the above

f 2. Which of the following is true of a square?

a. parallel sides
b. right angles
c. equal adjacent sides
d. equal opposite sides
e. perpendicular diagonals
f. all of the above

a, b, e 3. A point is positioned exactly in the middle of a line segment.

Choose all of the following statements that are true:

a. The endpoints and middle point are collinear.

b. The middle point is the vertex of a straight angle.
c. The middle point forms a right angle with the line segment.
d. The middle point is an endpoint.
e. The line segment is bisected by the middle point.

41
4. Write in the angle measurements. Hours given are on an analog 12-hour clock.

360 a. circle 90 f. vertex of a square

180 b. semi-circle 90 g. perpendicular lines

90 c. quarter circle 90 h. degrees between noon and 3pm

180 d. straight angle 180 i. degrees between noon and 6pm

90 e. right angle 360 j. degrees between noon and midnight

5. Fill in the missing information for each shape:

Short sides
a. Name Kite

6 cm →
=5 cm
1 10 cm →
Area 𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2 = 30 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 Long sides
Perimeter 5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 5𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 6.7𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 6.7𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
=6.7 cm
= 23.4𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

b. Name Trapezoid 5 in 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 =

Area 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 42 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 6 in 1
(5 + 9)𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Perimeter 5𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 8𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 9𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 8 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 30 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 2
ℎ = 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
9 in
c. Name Rhombus
Area 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 30 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
6 ft
Perimeter 6𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 6𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 6𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 6𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 24 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 5 ft

d. Name Circle
3 cm
Area 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 𝜋𝜋(1.5𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)2 = 2.25𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 ≈ 7.1 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
Perimeter 𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 3𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ≈ 9.4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
That was a little tricky, because the Perimeter of a circle is its Circumference.

42
 e. Name Triangle
Area
1
𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 20 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 5 in 9 in
2 4 in
Perimeter 5𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 9𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 10𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 24 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
10 in

6. Draw a picture to help you answer this question:

A homeowner wants to rennovate his back yard. If the yard measures 30 yd long
by 20 yd wide, and it is bordered on one side by an edge of the house, 50 ft long,
how much fencing and sod should he order?
30 yd = 90 ft
20 yd = 60 ft

House = 50 ft

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 90 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 60 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 5400 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 = 90 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 − 50 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 40 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

𝑃𝑃 = 40 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 60 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 90 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 + 60 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 250 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

43
 Unit 3
Week 6: Day 1

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Cartesian plane, Quadrant, Right
triangle.

2. Look up René Descarte in an encyclopedia (online or at the library) and answer

the following:
a. When was he born? 1596
b. What country was he born in? France
c. Where did he live and work? The Dutch Republic

3. While Descarte invented Analytic Geometry, Euclid of Alexandria is the one who
defined Geometry for centuries. While you’re looking things up, find the answers to
the following:
a. When did Euclid live? approximately 300 BC
b. What country is Alexandria in? Egypt
c. What is the name of the book Euclid wrote? Elements
d. Using the approximate date of his life and the fact that his book was used
in math classes until around the year 1900, for how many years was his book
the main Geometry textbook? 2,200 years

4. Using graph paper, or notebook paper as shown, graph the points A (2, 4),
B (–4, 0), C (0, –6), and D (6, –2). Connect the dots. What shape is
this?

Square:

44
Week 6: Day 2

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Reflection.

2. The Northwest corner of a rectangle lies at the point A (–9, 5) on the coordinate
plane. If the horizontal sides are each 5 units long, and the vertical sides are each 8
units long, find vertices B, C, and D and label their coordinates. Then reflect the
shape across the y-axis and label points A1, B1, C1, and D1 of its reflection. Be sure
to include their coordinates (x, y) as well.

Note: B and D can be reversed, as long as the coordinates are correct.

45
3. Identify the following shapes by the marked equal lines and square corners.
(Lines that look parallel are //.) Draw the lines of symmetry for each. Some shapes
will have more lines of symmetry than others.

Infinite.
None.

46
Week 6: Day 3

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Translation and Congruent shapes.

2. Finish this table for Task 3 above:

Old Point New Point What Changed?

A (–2, 2) A3 (–7, –4) x value –5, y value –6
B ( 0, 0) B3 (–5, –6) x value –5, y value –6
C (0, –3) C3 (–5, –9) x value –5, y value –6
D (–1, –2) D3 (–6, –8) x value –5, y value –6
E ( –3, –2) E3 (–8, –8) x value –5, y value –6
F (–4, –3) F3 (–9, –9) x value –5, y value –6
G (–4, 0) G3 (–9, –6) x value –5, y value –6

3. For each pair of shapes, find the area and tell whether the shapes are congruent.
Why or why not?

a. 8 cm 6 cm

3 cm 4 cm

A = 24 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 A = 24 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

Are they congruent? Explain: No. Even though the areas are the same, the
sides are different.

47
b. r=2 in r=3 in

A = 4𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 A = 9𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2

Are they congruent? Explain: No. The circles are the same shape but not the
same size.

c.

Equal sides of 6 cm each Equal sides of 6 cm each

height = 10.4 cm height = 10.4 cm

A = 31.2 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 A = 31.2 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

Are they congruent? Explain: Yes. The triangles are the same size and shape.

d.

Diagonals measure 6 in and 8 in. Diagonals measure 6 in and 8 in.

A = 24 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 A = 24 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
Are they congruent? Explain: Probably. If the diagonals cross at the same
place in each, they are, because we can transform by reflection (flipping) and
still be congruent.
48
Week 6: Day 4

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Rotation, Rigid transformation,

and Rotational symmetry.

2. Draw a right triangle on a coordinate plane with vertices at (0, 0), (-6, 0), and
(-6, 3). Rotate it four times counter-clockwise around the origin and draw each
rotation using different colors. In what quadrant does it rest when it has been
rotated counter-clockwise 270°? Quadrant I.

3. Name six shapes that have rotational symmetry. You may include geometrical
shapes as well as shapes from nature or household objects.
Answers will vary, but could include fan blades, daisy-type flowers, airplane
propellers, equal-sided triangles, squares, or kaleidoscopes.

4. If is shape is rotated 4 times around a circle to get back to its starting position,
how many degrees did each turn take? 6 times? n times?
360°
If a shape is rotated 4 times around a circle, each turn will take = 90°.
4
360°
If a shape is rotated 6 times around a circle, each turn will take = 60°.
6
360°
If a shape is rotated n times around a circle, each turn will take degrees.
𝑛𝑛

49
Week 6: Day 5

Answers will vary.

Option 1 might look like one of these. Each of these has 6 lines of symmetry and
60° rotation for each turn.

Option 2 might look like this. It slides the image ten times, rotating it 36° each time.

50
Week 7: Day 1

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Dilation, Similar, and

Corresponding parts. Begin a List of Properties page and add: Identity properties of
multiplication and addition.

2. We mentioned the identity property of multiplication includes division, because

division is the same as multiplying by a fraction. Can you explain why the identity
property of addition also includes subtraction? Subtraction is the same as adding a
negative. Also, there’s no such thing as a negative zero.

3. Mark corresponding parts of each pair of triangles with different colors.

Calculate the ratios to determine if each pair is similar, congruent, or neither.
All measurements are in inches.

a. sides 6-8-10 and 3-4-5

6 8 10
= 2, = 2, =2
3 4 5
Triangles are similar.

b. sides 5-9-14 and 8-15-20

5 9 14
= 0.625, = 0.6, = 0.7
8 15 20
Triangles are neither similar nor congruent.

c. sides 2-3-4 and 4-2-3

2 3 4
= 1, = 1, = 1
2 3 4
Triangles are congruent.

d. sides 7-7-12 and 14-14-24

7 1 12 1
= , =
14 2 24 2
Triangles are similar.

51
Week 7: Day 2

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Mapping, Scale.

2. Make a site map of your house and yard, or make a map from your house to a
favorite store, restaurant, or library. Use measurements of your yard or count the
sity blocks to make the maps as similar as possible to the actual shapes.

Answers will vary

3. If you were animating a helicopter for a video game, what transformations would
the shape need to undergo. For example, the blades would have to rotate. Tell what
other flips, slides, turns or scaling (dilations) would have to be animated if the
helicopter travels into the distance and back.

Flips: Every time the helicopter turns around and comes back, it has to flip
(reflect) its orientation.

Slides: Every frame that shows the helicopter in a new location is a slide
(translation).

Turns: Every revolution of the helicopter blades is a turn (rotation).

Scale: As the helicopter moves further away, its size gradually decreases. As
it comes back, its size increases. Each of those changes is a dilation (scale).

52
Week 7: Day 3

1. Add to your Geometry Notes on the List of Properties page: The Reflexive,
Symmetric, Transitive, and Substitution properties of equality, and the Zero
property of multiplication.

2. Match the name of the property to its example:

__𝑒𝑒. ___ Reflexive e. A = A

__𝑐𝑐. ___ Symmetric c. if A = B, then B = A

__𝑎𝑎. ___ Transitive a. if A = B, and B = C, then A = C

__𝑔𝑔. ___ Substitution g. if x = 3, find x + 7

__𝑓𝑓. ___ Identity of Multiplication f. 𝑥𝑥 ∙ 1 = 𝑥𝑥

__𝑑𝑑. ___ Identity of Addition d. 𝑥𝑥 + 0 = 𝑥𝑥

__𝑏𝑏. ___ Zero Property of Multiplication b. 𝑥𝑥 ∙ 0 = 0

53
Week 7: Day 4

1. Add to your Geometry Notes on the Geometry Facts page: Commutative,

Associative, and Distributive properties.

2. Review Transformations:
a. Use a piece of graph paper or make a 10 by 10 grid. Graph points A (–7, 8),
B (–7, 2), and C (–1, 2). Connect the vertices. What shape is this?
A right triangle.

54
b. Reflect the shape across the x-axis as the line of symmetry. Mark the new
coordinates A1, B1 and C1. What are the coordinates of the right angle?
(–7, –2)

55
c. Using point C1 to pivot around, rotate the shape 90° counter-clockwise. Mark
the new coordinates A2, B2 and C2. What are the coordinates of the right
angle now?
(–1, –8)

56
d. Scale the triangle down by half. Without changing its orientation, place the
new, similar triangle with the right angle at point B3 (4, –5). Mark the new
coordinates A3, B3 and C3. In what quadrant is the new triangle?
Quadrant IV

57
e. Slide the small triangle up seven and left two. Mark the new coordinates A4,
B4 and C4. How did the translation (slide) change each coordinate?
Each x value moved –2. Each y value moved +7.

58
f. Using the slanted side of the triangle as a line of symmetry, flip the shape’s
reflection to the other side. Mark the final coordinates A5, B5 and C5. What
shape do the two triangles together make?
A square

59
Week 7: Day 5 – Unit 3 Quiz

Match the name of the property to its example:

__ℎ. ___1. Reflexive h. A = A

__𝑒𝑒. ___2. Symmetric e. if A = B, then B = A

__𝑏𝑏. ___3. Transitive b. if A = B, and B = C, then A = C

__𝑗𝑗. ___4. Substitution j. if x = 3, find x + 7

__𝑖𝑖. ___5. Identity of × i. 𝑥𝑥 ∙ 1 = 𝑥𝑥

__𝑓𝑓. ___6. Identity of + f. 𝑥𝑥 + 0 = 𝑥𝑥

__𝑐𝑐. ___7. Zero Property of × c. 𝑥𝑥 ∙ 0 = 0

__𝑎𝑎. ___8. Commutative Prop. a. 5 ∙ 7 = 7 ∙ 5

__𝑔𝑔. ___9. Associative Prop. g. 2 + (7 + 9) = (2 + 7) + 9

__𝑑𝑑. ___10. Distributive Prop. d. 2 (𝑥𝑥 + 3) = 2𝑥𝑥 + 6

Match the name of the Transformation to its description:

__𝑐𝑐. ___11. Reflection a. turn

__𝑑𝑑. ___12. Translation b. scale

__𝑎𝑎. ___13. Rotation c. flip

__𝑏𝑏. ___14. Dilation d. slide

60
Many years ago, cartoonists made animated films about a famous coyote. (It still
airs on reruns.) In one scene, the coyote threw away a boomerang. It circled into the
distance before it returned to surprise him.

Focus on the flight of the boomerang. Match what kind of transformation happened
in each of these instances.

__𝑐𝑐. ___15. The boomerang turns in a circle. a. Translation

__𝑎𝑎. ___16. The boomerang moves. b. Reflection

__𝑑𝑑. ___17. The boomerang gets smaller with distance. c. Rotation

__𝑏𝑏. ___18. The boomerang flips to come back. d. Dilation

19. In real life, video cameras are used to record motion, where it can be studied
frame by frame. If your camera rolls at 100 frames per second and a boomerang
actually rotates one complete turn in a second, how many degrees of rotation are
captured on each frame? How many degrees of rotation will be captured at 24
frames per second (fps), the usual speed of cinema film?
360° 360°
= 3.6° = 15°
100 24

20. Given triangles with the sides listed below, prove that they are either similar,
congruent, or neither:
Triangle 1: sides measure 12 cm, 15 cm, and 24 cm.
Triangle 2: sides measure 16 cm, 20 cm, and 32 cm
12𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 3 15𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 3 24𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 3
𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = = 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = =
16𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 4 20𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 4 32𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 4
The triangles are similar because their sides are proportional (in the same ratio).

61
 Unit 4
Week 8: Day 1

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Ray, Angle, Acute, Obtuse,
Supplementary, and Complementary.

2. Name all of the angles you can identify. If some have more than one name, list
both with the congruent sign between them (≅).

A B
1 X C
2
D
∠1, ∠2, ∠AXB≅ ∠BXA, ∠AXC≅ ∠CXA, ∠AXD, ∠BXC≅ ∠CXB, ∠BXD≅
∠DXB, ∠CXD≅ ∠DXC

3. Which three of the angles in #2 fit together to form a straight angle? (They are
supplementary.)
∠AXB + ∠BXC + ∠CXD ≅ ∠AXD
m∠AXB + m∠BXC + m∠CXD = 180°

4. Name three sets of two angles in #2 above that are supplementary.

Answers may include any of the following:
m∠1 + m∠2 = 180°. m∠AXB + m∠BXD = 180°. m∠AXC + m∠CXD = 180°.
m∠1 + m∠AXC = 180°. m∠2 + m∠DXC = 180°.

5. Which two of the following fit together to form a right angle? (They are
complementary.) 𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑑𝑑, 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 26° + 64° = 90°
a.) 44° b.) 26° c.) 36° d.) 64°

62
Week 8: Day 2

1. Write on your Geometry Notes/ Geometry Facts page:

Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary.

Supplementary angles can be written as 𝑥𝑥 and 180° − 𝑥𝑥, because
𝑥𝑥 + (180° − 𝑥𝑥) = 180°

2. A carpenter has two boards with ends cut at an angle. He wants to make them fit
together in a straight line, but one angle is small and one is large. To minimize
waste, he cuts them so that the angle of one board is 2 times as big as the angle of
the other board. How large should each angle be, to fit together at 180°?

x 2x

𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 = 180°
3𝑥𝑥 = 180°
𝑥𝑥 = 60°
2𝑥𝑥 = 120°
He should cut angles of 60° and 120°.

63
3. Label the vertices, starting from the letter given, and find the other angles of each
parallelogram:
The letter locations may vary, but must go in order around the shape.

a. m∠W=38° Z Y c. m∠A=27°
142 38 D C
153 27
38 142 27 153
W X A B

b. m∠P=104° R Q d. m∠J=120°
104 76 L K
120 60

60 120
76 104 M J
S P

4. If two angles are supplementary, and one angle measures z degrees, what is the
measurement of the other angle?
The other angle measures 180°–z.

64
Week 8: Day 3

1. Write on your Geometry Notes/ Geometry Facts page:

Complementary angles can be written as 𝑥𝑥 and 90° − 𝑥𝑥, because
𝑥𝑥 + (90° − 𝑥𝑥) = 90°

2. What is the difference between a compliment and a complement? Give examples.

A compliment says something nice about a person, like, “Hey, your
basketball skills are fantastic.”
A complement completes something. For example, Arthur Sullivan’s music
skills complemented William Gilbert’s writing skills to create “The
Pirates of Penzance.” In math, a complementary angle completes a full 90
degrees.

3. Diagonal ����
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 divides ∠ D of ABCD into two adjacent angles. If one angle is
two times the other, how big is each angle?
D x C
2x

A B
𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 = 90
3𝑥𝑥 = 90
𝑥𝑥 = 30° 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 2𝑥𝑥 = 60°

4. Find an angle where its complement plus its supplement equals 150°.

180–x = the supplement x= the angle

x= the angle 90–x = the complement

𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 + 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 150°

(90 − 𝑥𝑥 ) + (180 − 𝑥𝑥 ) = 150
270 − 2𝑥𝑥 = 150
120 = 2𝑥𝑥; 𝑥𝑥 = 60°
65
5. Find an angle where twice its supplement minus three times its complement is
130°.

180–x = the supplement x= the angle

x= the angle 90–x = the complement

2(𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠) − 3(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 130

2(180 − 𝑥𝑥) − 3(90 − 𝑥𝑥) = 130
360 − 2𝑥𝑥 − 270 + 3𝑥𝑥 = 130
90 + 𝑥𝑥 = 130
𝑥𝑥 = 40°

6. Twice the measure of an angle’s complement plus 4 equals 90°. What is the
angle?
2(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) + 4 = 90
2(90 − 𝑥𝑥 ) + 4 = 90
180 − 2𝑥𝑥 + 4 = 90
184 − 90 = 2𝑥𝑥
94 = 2𝑥𝑥; 𝑥𝑥 = 47°

66
Week 8: Day 4

1. Write on your Geometry Notes/ Geometry Facts page:

The angles of a triangle add up to 180°.
The three angles of a triangle are supplementary.
In a right triangle, the two acute angles are complementary.

2. Solve the following for all three angles of a triangle if:

a. Two angles of a right triangle are equal.

𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 = 90
x
2𝑥𝑥 = 90
x 𝑥𝑥 = 45
The three angles are 45°, 45°, and 90°.

b. One acute angle of a right triangle is twice the other.

𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 = 90
x
3𝑥𝑥 = 90
𝑥𝑥 = 30
2x

The three angles are 30°, 60°, and 90°.

c. Two angles of a triangle are equal, and the third is three times the first.
3x 3𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 = 180
5𝑥𝑥 = 180
x x
𝑥𝑥 = 36
3(36) = 108
The three angles are 36°, 36°, and 108°.
Check: 36+36+108=180.

67
d. The first and third angles of a triangle are equal, and the second is 24 degrees
more.
𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 24 = 180
x+24
3𝑥𝑥 + 24 = 180
x x 3𝑥𝑥 = 156
𝑥𝑥 = 52
The three angles are 52°, 52°, and 76°.
Check: 52+52+76=180.

e. The supplement of the first angle in a triangle is 124. The second angle is 16
degrees more than the first.
𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎: 180 − 124 = 𝑥𝑥 = 56
x+16 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎: 56 + 16 = 72
𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎: 180 − 56 − 72 = 52
? x 124

The three angles are 56°, 72°, and 52°.

Check: 56+72+52=180.

68
Week 8: Day 5

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Linear pair, Vertical angles,
Transversal, Interior angles, Exterior angles, Corresponding angles, Alternate
angles, Consecutive angles.

2. Print these two pages or copy the following diagrams onto your paper. Using
different colored pencils or markers, mark every angle you can find that fit the
following descriptions:

a. Vertical angles

Each of the colors sets are vertical angles:

pink, blue, yellow, and green.

b. Corresponding angles

Each of the colors are corresponding angles:

pink, blue, yellow, and green.

69
c. Alternate interior angles

The two blue angles are alternate interior angles.

The two yellow angles are alternate interior angles.

d. Alternate exterior angles

The two green angles are alternate exterior angles.

The two yellow angles are alternate exterior angles.

e. Consecutive interior angles

The two green angles are consecutive interior angles.

The two purple angles are consecutive interior angles.

70
Week 9: Day 1

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Postulate, and Corollary. Add to
your List of Properties: Parallel Postulate and its three corollaries: Alternate
interior angles, Alternate exterior angles, and Corresponding angles.

2. Draw parallel lines crossed by a transversal. If one of the eight angles formed is
72°, label all eight angles with their measurements.
108° 72°
72° 108°
108° 72°
72° 108°

3. Given that line m // line n, match the angle pairs with the proper description. You
may use the descriptions more than once.

__𝑒𝑒. ___∠1 and ∠3 a. linear pair

__𝑎𝑎. ___∠2 and ∠3 b. consecutive interior
__𝑒𝑒. ___∠2 and ∠4 c. alternate interior
__𝑎𝑎. ___∠5 and ∠6 d. alternate exterior
__𝑒𝑒. ___∠5 and ∠8 e. vertical angles
__𝑎𝑎. ___∠7 and ∠8 f. corresponding
__𝑓𝑓. ___∠1 and ∠5
_ 𝑑𝑑. ___∠1 and ∠8
__𝑐𝑐. ___∠3 and ∠5
__𝑐𝑐. ___∠4 and ∠6
__𝑑𝑑. ___∠2 and ∠7
__𝑑𝑑. ___∠1 and ∠8
__𝑏𝑏. ___∠3 and ∠6
__𝑓𝑓. ___∠4 and ∠7
__𝑏𝑏. ___∠5 and ∠4

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Week 9: Day 2

1. Review the List of Properties we have learned so far.

2. Match the abbreviation with the property:

__𝑖𝑖. ___Alt int ∠s = a. Transitive Property of Equality

__𝑑𝑑. ___Alt ext ∠s =
__𝑔𝑔. ___Corresp ∠s =
__𝑏𝑏. ___// Post.
__𝑎𝑎. ___Transit =
__ℎ. ___Subst =
__𝑓𝑓. ___Reflex =
__𝑐𝑐. ___Def. Suppl.
__𝑒𝑒. ___Def. Compl.
b. Parallel Postulate (consec int. ∠s suppl.)
c. Definition of Supplementary
d. Alternate exterior angles are equal
e. Definition of Complementary
f. Reflexive Property of Equality
g. Corresponding angles are equal
h. Substitution Property of Equality
i. Alternate interior angles are equal

3. Make a drawing for this proof: Given parallel lines m and n and a transversal p,
prove that corresponding angles x and y have equal measurements. Mark one angle,
z, which is a linear pair with angle x and also a consecutive interior angle with
angle y. (That means y must be an interior angle as well.)

Drawings will be similar to this:

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4. Using the properties listed, supply the missing parts of the proof.

1. Line m // line n; crossed by 1. Given.

transversal p.

2. ∠x and ∠z are a linear pair. 2. Def. linear pair.

𝑚𝑚∠𝑥𝑥 = 180° − 𝑚𝑚∠𝑧𝑧

3. ∠z is supplementary to ∠y. 3. // Post. (consec. int ∠s suppl)

𝑚𝑚∠𝑦𝑦 = 180° − m∠𝑧𝑧

4. m∠___x____=m∠___y____ 4. Transit =

Note: We always end with what we’re asked to prove, so all you needed to do was
look at the statement in #3 above to see we were asked to show that “corresponding
angles x and y have equal measurements.”

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Week 9: Day 3

1. Review the List of Properties we’ve added so far. See if you can write them as
abbreviations.

Property Short form

Identity property of multiplication Identity ×
Identity property of addition Identity +
Zero property of multiplication Zero ×
Reflexive property of equality Reflex. =
Symmetric property of equality Symmetric =
Transitive property of equality Transit. =
Substitution property of equality Subst. =

Property Short form

Parallel Postulate: Consecutive interior // Post.
angles are supplementary
Alternate interior angles are congruent Alt. Int. ∠s ≅
Alternate exterior angles are congruent Alt. Ext. ∠s ≅
Corresponding angles are congruent Corresp. ∠s ≅

2. Given two pair of intersecting parallel lines as shown, list all of the angles that
are equal.
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16

The equal acute angles are ∠2, ∠4, ∠5, ∠7, ∠10, ∠12, ∠13, ∠15.
The equal obtuse angles are ∠1, ∠3, ∠6, ∠8, ∠9, ∠11, ∠14, ∠16.

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3. Given the parallel lines above, list pairs of angles that are supplementary but not
also linear pairs.
All of the angles that share a common vertex and are supplementary must be
linear pairs, so they are not listed here.

The other supplementary pairs are:

Consecutive interior angles
∠6, ∠7 and ∠10, ∠11 or ∠6, ∠10 and ∠7, ∠11.
∠5, ∠9 and ∠8, ∠12 or ∠5, ∠8 and ∠9, ∠12.
Consecutive exterior angles
∠1, ∠4 and ∠13, ∠16 or ∠1, ∠13 and ∠4, ∠16
∠2, ∠3 and ∠10, ∠11 or ∠2, ∠10 and ∠3, ∠11

4. Feliz is from Puerto Rico. She’s never seen a snowflake, but she made a paper
one in school. She called her abuela in Florida to describe it. See if you can draw
the snowflake from her description:
“I started with a square in the middle of my paper. Then I extended all of the
sides so it made crossing parallel lines. I colored the consecutive exterior
angles blue. Then I folded the square so all of the blue corners were together.
I made snowflake cuts in the middle and along the edges. And that’s how I
made a snow angle in school.”

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4: Snow Angle

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Week 9: Day 4

1. Add to your Geometry Notes list of properties: Parallel postulate corollary, and
Sum of the angles of a triangle.

2. Tomorrow marks the end of the first quarter, so the quiz will cover Units 1-4.
Take your time with today’s review so you don’t miss anything. There are three
pages.

3. Match the shape to its Area formula. Some formulas may be used more than
once.

__𝑑𝑑. ___circle a. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ

1
__𝑐𝑐. ___kite b. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
2
__𝑒𝑒. ___parallelogram, 1
c. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2
2
__𝑓𝑓. ___quadrilateral
d. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2
__𝑒𝑒. ___rectangle
e. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
__𝑒𝑒. ___rhombus
f. No formula
__𝑒𝑒. ___square
__𝑎𝑎. ___trapezoid
__𝑏𝑏. ___triangle

4. Match the name of the Transformation to its description:

__𝑐𝑐. ___Reflection a. slide

__𝑎𝑎. ___Translation b. scale

__𝑑𝑑. ___Rotation c. flip

__𝑏𝑏. ___Dilation d. turn

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5. Calculate the ratios of the sides to determine if each pair is similar, congruent, or
neither. (All sides are measured in centimeters. Drawings are not to scale.)

a. sides 5-12-13 and 15-36-39

5 1 12 1 13 1
= , = , =
15 3 36 3 39 3
Triangles are similar.

b. sides 6-8-12 and 8-10-14

6 3 8 4 12 6
= , = , =
8 4 10 5 14 7
Triangles are neither similar nor congruent.

c. sides 5-6-7 and 7-5-6

Match short and long sides:
5 6 7
=1, =1, =1
5 6 7
Triangles are congruent.

d. sides 6-9-21 and 8-12-28

6 3 9 3 21 3
= , = , =
8 4 12 4 28 4
Triangles are similar.

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6. Find the missing angles.

a. One acute angle of a right triangle is l7°. Find the other acute angle.
90 − 17 = 73°
Or:
180 − 90 − 17 = 73°
l7°

b. Two angles of a triangle both measure 50°. Find the third angle.
180 − 50 − 50 = 80°

50° 50°

c. Two angles lie on a straight line with a common vertex. What are they called?
A linear pair.

d. In part c. above, if one ∠ measures x°, what is the measurement of the other?
180° − 𝑥𝑥

e. A diagonal crosses a rectangle from corner to corner, forming two acute angles
at the vertex. If one angle measures y°, what is the other acute angle?
90° − 𝑦𝑦

y°

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7. Why are these angles equal? (You may choose more than one answer.)

____𝑒𝑒. ____
a. They are not equal.
b. Alternate interior angles
c. They are supplementary.
d. Alternate exterior angles
e. Corresponding angles
f. Vertical angles
g. Consecutive interior angles
____𝑏𝑏. ____

____𝑓𝑓. ____

____𝑑𝑑. ____

____𝑏𝑏. ____

_𝑎𝑎. , _𝑐𝑐. , _𝑔𝑔. __

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Week 9: Day 5 – Unit 4 Quiz

1. Find the areas and/or perimeters of the following. Be sure to include units in the
correct dimension.

a. Find the area and “perimeter” of a circle with a radius of 1 cm.

The “perimeter” of a circle is its Circumference.
𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 2𝜋𝜋 ∙ 1𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ≈ 6.28 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 𝜋𝜋 (1𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)2 = 3.14 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

b. Find the area and perimeter of a square with one side equal to 3 in.
The perimeter of a square is the sum of four sides.
𝑃𝑃 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 12 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 3𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 9 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2

c. Find the area of a kite with diagonals of 2 cm and 5 cm.

1 1
𝐴𝐴 = (𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2 ) = (2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2

d. Find the area of a trapezoid with bases of 4 in and 6 in, and a height of 5 in.
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ = (𝑏𝑏1 + 𝑏𝑏2 ) ∙ ℎ = (4 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖) ∙ 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 25 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2 2

e. Find the area of a triangle with a base of 6 ft and a height of 7 ft.

1 1
𝐴𝐴 = (𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ) = 6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 21 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2 2

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2. If two triangles are similar, what should the missing side measure? (Hint: set up
the ratios.)

a. Triangle 1 sides: 6 in, 8 in, 10 in. Triangle 2 sides: 9 in, 12 in, ______ in.
6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 2
𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
9 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 3
8 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 2
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
12 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 3
10 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 2
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = =
𝑥𝑥 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 3
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚: 2𝑥𝑥 = 30; 𝑥𝑥 = 15 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒

b. Triangle 1 sides: 2 ft, 3 ft, 4 ft. Triangle 2 sides: 10 ft, ______ft, 20 ft.
2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 1
𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
10 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 5
4 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 1
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = =
20 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 5
3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 1
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
𝑥𝑥 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 5
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚: 𝑥𝑥 = 15 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

3. Find the missing angles:

a. A linear pair has one angle of 104°. What is its supplement?
180° − 104° = 76°
b. A right angle is separated into two parts. One part is 23°. What is its
complement?
90° − 23° = 67°
c. A triangle has two equal angles. The third angle is 24°. What are the first
two angles?
2𝑥𝑥 + 24° = 180°
2𝑥𝑥 = 156°; 𝑥𝑥 = 78°
The first two angles are each 78°. Check: 78+78+24=180.

81
4. Answer the questions based on the following graph. Each kite shape is
transformed somehow, beginning with the black shape in quadrant IV and
proceeding clockwise around the graph.

For c. to f., use descriptions like “flip/slide/turn/scale” or

“rotate/reflect/translate/dilate” along with the distance moved.

a. List the coordinates of vertices A1, A2, A3, A4, A5.

A1: (8, –3). A2: (–8, –3). A3: (–11, 3). A4: (-4, 10) A5: (4, 6.5) approx.
b. Find the area of the black kite (with vertex A1).
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = (𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2 ) = (4 ∙ 7) = 14 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑠𝑠 2
2 2
c. How did the shape transform from A1 to A2? (From black to blue.)
It flipped left across the y axis – a flip or reflection.
d. How did the shape transform from A2 to A3? (From blue to red.)
It slid up 6 and left 3 – a slide or translation.
e. How did the shape transform from A3 to A4? (From red to green.)
It rotated 90° clockwise around point (–4, 3).
f. How did the shape transform from A4 to A5? (From green to pink.)
It slid right 8 and scaled down by half – a translation and dilation.

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5. Given the following parallel lines and transversal, match the pairs to their
descriptions. You may color the angles if it helps you.

__𝑑𝑑. ___∠1 and ∠8 a. linear pair

__𝑓𝑓. ___∠2 and ∠6 b. consecutive interior

__𝑏𝑏. ___∠4 and ∠5 c. alternate interior

__𝑎𝑎. ___∠5 and ∠7 d. alternate exterior

__𝑐𝑐. ___∠4 and ∠6 e. vertical angles

__𝑒𝑒. ___∠5 and ∠8 f. corresponding

83
6. Fill in the blanks of this proof.
Given ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴, prove that the sum of its angles equals 180°.

x B y
b

A a c C

1. Given ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴, draw a line through 1. Given; Parallel Postulate

���� .
B parallel to𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴

2. Extend lines ����

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 and ����
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 . 2. Definition of a Line

3. 𝑚𝑚∠𝑥𝑥 = 𝑚𝑚∠𝑐𝑐 and 𝑚𝑚∠𝑎𝑎 = 𝑚𝑚∠𝑦𝑦 3. Corresponding angles ≅

4. 𝑚𝑚∠𝐵𝐵 = 𝑚𝑚∠𝑏𝑏 4. Vertical angles = . (See note 1.)

5. 𝑚𝑚∠𝑦𝑦 + 𝑚𝑚∠𝐵𝐵 + 𝑚𝑚∠𝑥𝑥 = 180° 5. Def. of Straight angles or Line.

6. ∴ 𝑚𝑚∠𝑎𝑎 + 𝑚𝑚∠𝑏𝑏 + 𝑚𝑚∠𝑐𝑐 = 180° 6. Substitution property of equality

(See note 2.)

Note 1: We use = 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ≅ here because the statement in #3 uses 𝑚𝑚∠𝑥𝑥 =:“the
measure of an angle equals.”

Note 2: If you wrote Transitive, you should get partial credit because these are so
similar. In this case, we’re substituting the equal angles from #3 and #4 into the
equation from #5, which is why it’s Substitution.

Word Bank: You may use any of these to fill in the blanks of the proof.
= Straight angles Alternate exterior
≅ Line Consecutive interior
90° Alternate interior Transitive
180° Corresponding Substitution

84