Geometry in Real Life Quarter 2 Answer Key 7-10-22

Geometry in Real Life
Answer Key
Unit 5
Week 10: Day 1
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Pythagorean Triple, Hypotenuse,

and Leg.
2. Get out a couple sheets of graph paper and markers, or use construction paper
with a ruler and protractor. Follow the steps.
Result:
Therefore:
2 2 2
𝑐𝑐 = 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏
1
Week 10: Day 2
1. Add to your List of Properties: The Pythagorean Theorem.

Add to your Geometry Notes other formulas pages:
Pythagorean Theorem: 𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 𝑐𝑐 2
2. Given these two legs of a triangle, find the hypotenuse:

Note: the symbol ± means “plus or minus.” We’ll cover this more tomorrow.
a. 5 ft and 12 ft 52 + 122 = 𝑐𝑐 2 25 + 144 = 𝑐𝑐 2
answer: 13 ft √169 = √𝑐𝑐 2 , 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑐 = ±13
b. 8 in and 15 in 82 + 152 = 𝑐𝑐 2 64 + 225 = 𝑐𝑐 2

answer: 17 in √289 = 𝑐𝑐 2 , 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑐 = ±17
c. 7 cm and 24 cm 72 + 242 = 𝑐𝑐 2 49 + 576 = 𝑐𝑐 2

answer: 25 cm √625 = 𝑐𝑐 2 , 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑐 = ±25
3. Given the hypotenuse and long leg of a triangle, find the short leg:
a. 29 in and 21 in 292 = 212 + 𝑎𝑎2 841 − 441 = 𝑎𝑎2

answer: 20 in √400 = 𝑎𝑎2 , 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎 = ±20
b. 41 cm and 40 cm 412 = 402 + 𝑎𝑎2 1681 − 1600 = 𝑎𝑎2

answer: 9 cm √81 = 𝑎𝑎2 , 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎 = ±9
4. Given the area of a right triangle and one side, find the other two sides.
c
1 1
a 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏, 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑎𝑎 = ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡
2 2
b
2
a. 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 60 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 ; 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 8 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
2
1
60 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 𝑏𝑏(8𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓)
2
60 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = (4𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓)𝑏𝑏
60𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
= 𝑏𝑏 = 15 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
4𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 𝑐𝑐 2
82 + 152 = 𝑐𝑐 2
64 + 225 = 𝑐𝑐 2
√289 = �𝑐𝑐 2 , 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑐 = ±17
The three sides are 8 ft, 15 ft, and 17 ft.
b. 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 84 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 ; 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

1
84 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 𝑏𝑏(7𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓)
2
168𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 7𝑏𝑏 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
24 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 𝑏𝑏
72 + 242 = 𝑐𝑐 2
√625 = �𝑐𝑐 2 , 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑐 = ±25
The three sides are 7 ft, 24 ft, and 25 ft.
5. When the measurement of every side of a right triangle is an integer, we call

those three numbers together a Pythagorean Triple.
3
Week 10: Day 3
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Radical, Surd, and Exponent.
2. Fill in the following tables of squares and cubes, from memory if possible:
12 = 1 62 = 36 112 = 121 13 = 1 63 = 216

22 = 4 72 = 49 122 = 144 23 = 8 73 = 343
32 = 9 82 = 64 132 = 169 33 = 27 83 = 512
42 = 16 92 = 81 142 = 196 43 = 64 93 = 729
52 = 25 102 = 100 152 = 225 53 = 125 103 = 1000
3. Find the following exponents or roots. If the radical does not equal an integer,
find the simplified surd.
4 3
a. 27 = 128 c. √81 = 3 e. √64 = 4
3
b. √125 = 5 d. 35 = 243 f. √75 = 5√3
4. Given the area of a square, find the sides.
a. 𝐴𝐴 = 225 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 √225 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
b. 𝐴𝐴 = 49 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 �49 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
c. 𝐴𝐴 = 200 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 √200 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 = 10√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
4
Week 10: Day 4
1. Simplify the radicals as far as possible:
3
a. √216 = 6√6 b. √81 = 3√3 c. √300 = 10√3
2. Multiply or divide the radicals:
a. 2√10 ∙ 3√15
= 2 ∙ 3 √10 ∙ 15 = 6 √2 ∙ 5 ∙ 3 ∙ 5 = 6√52 ∙ 2 ∙ 3 = 6 ∙ 5√2 ∙ 3
= 30√6
√12 √4∙3 2 √3
b. = = =2
√3 √3 √3
3 3
c. 5 √32 ∙ 2 √6
3 3
= 5 √2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 √2 ∙ 3
Simplify:
3 3
= 5 ∙ 2 √2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 √2 ∙ 3
Combine:
3
= 5 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 √2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 3
Simplify:
3
= 5 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 2 √3
3
= 40 √3
2√30 √6∙5 √6 ∙ √5
d. =2 =2 = 2 √5
√6 √6 √6
5
3. Find the missing radii. (Hint: Write the formula = the given area or volume.)
a. The area of a circle is 𝐴𝐴 = 81𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 . What is the radius?

𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 81𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 81𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 ←Divide both sides by 𝜋𝜋.
�𝑟𝑟 2 = �81 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
𝑟𝑟 = 9 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Remember, we agreed that we wouldn’t bother with the possible negative when
we’re dealing with measurements. Just remember, when you get to Algebra 2, that
the negative possibility exists.
b. The area of a circle is 𝐴𝐴 = 24𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 . What is the radius?

𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 24𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
←Divide both sides by 𝜋𝜋.
𝑟𝑟 2 = 24 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
�𝑟𝑟 2 = �24 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
𝑟𝑟 = √24 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝑟𝑟 = √4 ∙ 6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
𝑟𝑟 = 2√6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
c. The area of a circle is 𝐴𝐴 = 500𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2. What is the radius?

𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 500𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
𝑟𝑟 2 = 500 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
�𝑟𝑟 2 = �500 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
𝑟𝑟 = √500 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑟𝑟 = √100 ∙ 5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑟𝑟 = 10√5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
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d. The volume of a sphere is 𝑉𝑉 = 36𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 . What is the radius?
4
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 3
3
4 3
𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 = 36𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3
4 3 ←Divide both sides by 𝜋𝜋.
3
𝑟𝑟 = 36 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛
3 3
3 4 3 3 ←Multiply both sides by 4.
∙ 𝑟𝑟 = ∙ 36 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
4 3 4
𝑟𝑟 = 27 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3
3 3
�𝑟𝑟 3 = �27 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
𝑟𝑟 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
e. The volume of a sphere is 𝑉𝑉 = 288𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 . What is the radius?

4 3
𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 = 288𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3
4 3
𝑟𝑟 = 288 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3
3 4 3 3
∙ 𝑟𝑟 = ∙ 288 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
4 3 4
𝑟𝑟 = 216 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3
3 3
�𝑟𝑟 3 = �216 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
𝑟𝑟 = 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
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Week 10: Day 5
1. Matching: which of these (ab)surd expressions can be added?

(Hint: simplify the second column.)
𝑏𝑏 14√2 a. √99 = √9 ∙ 11 = √32 ∙ 11 = 3√11
𝑒𝑒 2 √3 b. √8 = √22 ∙ 2 = 2√2
3 3 3 3 3
𝑑𝑑 5 √2 c. √24 = √8 ∙ 3 = √23 ∙ 3 = 2 √3
3 3 3 3
𝑎𝑎 3√11 d. √54 = √27 ∙ 2 = √33 ∙ 2 = 3 √2
3
𝑐𝑐 7 √3 e. √75 = √25 ∙ 3 = √52 ∙ 3 = 5√3
2. Simplify each radical above, then add or subtract the like terms (similar
radicals).
a. 3√11 + 3√11 = 6√11
b. 14√2 + 2√2 = 16√2
3 3 3
c. 7 √3 + 2 √3 = 9 √3
3 3 3
d. 5 √2 + 3 √2 = 8 √2
e. 2√3 + 5√3 = 7√3
3. Multiply or divide the following. (Hint: Simplify the radical, then multiply or
divide the outsides separately from what’s inside.)
5√30 5 √10∙ 3 5 √10∙ 3 5

a. = = = √3
2√10 2 √10 2 √10 2
8
2√77 2 √11 ∙ 7 2 √11 ∙ 7 2
b. = = = √7
7√11 7 √11 7 √11 7
4√75 4 √25 ∙ 3 4 √52 ∙ 3 4∙5√3 4∙5√3 5

c. = = = = =
6√12 6 √4 ∙3 6 √22 ∙3 6∙4√3 6∙4√3 6
d. √18 ∙ √12 = √9 ∙ 2 ∙ √4 ∙ 3 = √32 ∙ 2 ∙ √22 ∙ 3 = 3√2 ∙ 2√3 = 6√6

outside number times outside number 3√2 ∙ 2√3
inside number times inside number 3√2 ∙ 2√3
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
e. √6 ∙ √9 = √2 ∙ 3 √3 ∙ 3 = √2 ∙ 3 ∙ 3 ∙ 3 = √2 ∙ 33 = 3 √2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
f. 2 √25 ∙ 3 √10 = 2 ∙ 3 √5 ∙ 5 ∙ √5 ∙ 2 = 6 √53 ∙ 2 = 6 ∙ 5 √2 = 30 √2
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Week 11: Day 1
1. Add to your Geometry Facts pages: The most common Pythagorean Triples.
2. Find the missing sides of the following right triangles. All measurements are in
centimeters.
a. The two legs are 14 and 48.

𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 2 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡: 7 − 24 − 25.
𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 ℎ𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 25 ∙ 2 = 50 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
(𝑂𝑂𝑟𝑟 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 𝑐𝑐 2 )
b. The short leg is 16 and the hypotenuse is 34.

𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 15 ∙ 2 = 30 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
c. The hypotenuse is 39 and the long leg is 36.

𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑏𝑏𝑦𝑦 3 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡: 5 − 12 − 13.
𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 5 ∙ 5 = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
d, The two legs are 39 and 52.

𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 ℎ𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 5 ∙ 13 = 65 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
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3. Prove that the following triangles are similar. All measurements are in inches.
a. Triangle 1: 51, 68, and 85 Triangle 2: 57, 76, and 95
51 17 ←Divide top/bottom by 3
𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 = =
57 19
68 17
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 = = ←Divide top/bottom by 4
76 19
5 17
ℎ𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 = = ←Divide top/bottom by 5
15 19
𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒.
∴ 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠. These are 3-4-5 triples!
b. Triangle 1: 10, 24, and 26 Triangle 2: 25, 60, and 65

10 2
𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 = = ←Divide top/bottom by 5
25 5
24 2
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 = = ←Divide top/bottom by 12
60 5
26 2
ℎ𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 = =
65 5 ←Divide top/bottom by 13
𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒.
∴ 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠. These are 5-12-13 triples!
4. Determine whether the following are right triangles. If they are not, calculate
what the longest side should be to make a right triangle.
This is easily done on the calculator: Sample: 5-12-13:
5 𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 2 𝑥𝑥 2 = Each square is a button.
√𝒙𝒙
The answer should be 13.
a. The sides are 33 m, 56 m, and 65 m.
332 + 562 = 652 . 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇. 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡.
b. The sides are 11 ft, 60 ft, and 62 ft.
112 + 602 ≠ 622 . 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 61.
c. The sides are 12 in, 35 in, and 37 in.
122 + 352 = 372 . 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇. 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡.
d. The sides are 16 mm, 30 mm, and 35 mm.
162 + 302 ≠ 352 . 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 34.
11
Week 11: Day 2
Draw each of the following and find the missing sides:
1. Find the hypotenuse of a 45-45-90 triangle given it has equal sides of 12 in.
12 in 12√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
12 in
2. The hypotenuse of a 45-45-90 triangle measures 6√2 m. Find the sides.
6√2 m 6m
6m
3. In a 30-60-90 right triangle, the three angles are in a ratio of 1: 2: 3. In other

words, 30 = 1(30), 60 = 2(30) , and 90 = 3(30) . You would think that the
sides would also be in the same ratio, but not quite.
a. If the short leg measures 1 ft, the hypotenuse is exactly double that. Find the
long leg of that triangle.
12 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 22
2 ft 1 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 4
b 𝑏𝑏 2 = 3
𝑏𝑏 = √3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.
1 ft
12
b. If the short leg measures 5 ft, find what the hypotenuse and long leg are now.
Hypotenuse is double: 10 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓. Long leg is 5√3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.
c. What did you multiply each side by to get the final lengths?
short leg = ___1___ × 5 = 5𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.
long leg = ___√3___ × 5 = ___5√3___ 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.
hypotenuse = ___2___ × 5 = ___10___ 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.
d. If you did the above correctly, what ratio would you use for the short leg, the
long leg, and the hypotenuse? (Hint: use the first blank for each line above.)
___1___ : ___√3___: ___2___
4. A 30-60-90 right triangle has a short side of 7 in. Find the other two sides.
7√3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 14 in
7 in
5. A 30-60-90 right triangle has a long leg of 5√3 cm. What are the other two
sides?
5√3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 10 cm
5 cm
13
Week 11: Day 3
1. Add to your Geometry Notes other formulas page:

Distance Formula: 𝑑𝑑 = �(𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑥𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦𝑦2 − 𝑦𝑦1 )2
Add to your List of Properties:

A 45-45-90 right triangle has sides in a ratio of 1 ∶ 1 ∶ √2.
A 30-60-90 right triangle has sides in a ratio of 1 ∶ √3 ∶ 2.
2. Graph the two points, and then find the distance between them with the
Pythagorean Theorem. Simplify the radical if possible, or calculate the decimal.
a. (2, –5) and (–4, 7) in yellow:

distance x = 6
distance y= 12
62 + 122 = 180 = c 2
𝑐𝑐 = √180 = √9 ∙ 4 ∙ 5
= 3 ∙ 2√5 = 6√5
b. (–1, –3) and (5, 2) in blue:

distance x = 6
distance y = 5
62 + 52 = 61 = 𝑐𝑐 2
𝑐𝑐 = √61 ≈ 7.8
(√61 is prime and can’t be simplified.)
c. (6, 3) and (–4, 1) in green: distance x = 10; distance y = 2

102 + 22 = 104 = 𝑐𝑐 2 𝑐𝑐 = √104 = √4 ∙ 26 = 2√26
14
3. Find the distance between the two points using the formula:
𝑑𝑑 = �(𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑥𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦𝑦2 − 𝑦𝑦1 )2
a. (–1, 1) and (5, –2)

𝑑𝑑 = �(5 − (−1))2 + (−2 − 1)2
𝑑𝑑 = �62 + (−3)2 = √36 + 9 = √45
𝑑𝑑 = √9 ∙ 5 = �32 ∙ 5 = 3√5
b. (6, –7) and (2, 3)

𝑑𝑑 = �(2 − 6)2 + (3 − (−7))2
𝑑𝑑 = �(−4)2 + 102 = √16 + 100 = √116
𝑑𝑑 = √4 ∙ 29 = �22 ∙ 29 = 2√29
c. (13, –4) and (–2, 4)

𝑑𝑑 = �(−2 − 13)2 + (4 − (−4))2
𝑑𝑑 = �(−15)2 + 82 = √225 + 64 = √289 = 17
4. Find the missing sides of the triangles using the ratios of their sides:
a. a 45-45-90 triangle with a short side of 8

𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 8, 8, 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 8√2
b. a 30-60-90 triangle with a hypotenuse of 12
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 6, 6√3, 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 12
15
Week 11: Day 4
Draw a picture to begin each problem. The first has been

done for you. Put radicals in simplified form.
1. If side a of Garfield’s trapezoid equals 4 inches, and

internal side c equals 8 inches, find side b and the
hypotenuse of triangle c (the unmarked slant side).
a=4 in c=8 in
𝑏𝑏 = 4√3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
If the hypotenuse is double the side of a right triangle, it’s a 30-60-90

triangle and the sides are in ratio of 1 ∶ √3 ∶ 2. Therefore, the third side is
4√3.
Meanwhile, the middle triangle has equal legs,

= 8√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
making it a 45-45-90 triangle. The sides are in ratio
of 1 ∶ 1 ∶ √2. Therefore, if c = 8 inches, the
hypotenuse equals 8√2 inches.
2. The area of a right triangle equals 12 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 , and the long leg is 6𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. Find the
short leg and the hypotenuse.
1
𝐴𝐴 = 12 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 = (6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)(𝑎𝑎)
4 2√13 2
12 = 3𝑎𝑎; 𝑎𝑎 = 4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
6 4 + 6 = 𝑐𝑐 2
2 2
16 + 36 = 𝑐𝑐 2 ; √52 = 𝑐𝑐 = √4 ∙ 13 = 2√13 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
16
3. The area of a square is 18 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 . Find the sides and the diagonal.
𝐴𝐴 = 18 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∙ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
3√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 √18 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = √9 ∙ 2 = 3√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 45 − 45 − 90 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡.
𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 1 ∶ 1 ∶ √2 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟, 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
3√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟.
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 ℎ𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦, 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 √2.
3√2 ∙ √2 = 3 √2 ∙ 2 = 3 ∙ 2 = 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖.
4. A rectangle has a diagonal measuring 14 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. Its short side is half that length.
Find the missing side and the area of the rectangle.
14 cm If the hypotenuse of a right triangle is double the

7 cm short side, it is a 30-60-90 triangle. The sides are
in a 1 ∶ √3 ∶ 2 ratio. The third side is 7√3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
7√3 cm The area equals 7 ∙ 7√3 = 49√3 ≈ 84.9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2.
5. The volume of a sphere is 72 𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 . Find its radius.

4
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 3 = 72𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3
3
Divide both sides by 𝜋𝜋. Multiply both sides by .
4
3 4 3 3 3
∙ 𝑟𝑟 = ∙ 72 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡
4 3 4
𝑟𝑟 3 = 54 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3 3 3
Take the cube root of both sides: 𝑟𝑟 = √54 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = √27 ∙ 2 = 3 √2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.
6. Determine whether the following are right triangles. If they are not, calculate
what the longest side should be to make a right triangle.
a. Sides are 7.5, 10, and 12.5 in.

(7.5)2 + 102 = (12.5)2
56.25 + 100 = 156.25. 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇. 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑒.
17
b. Sides are 16, 30, and 36 cm.
162 + 302 =? 362
256 + 900 ≠ 1296. 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹. 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡.
𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 34, 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 8 − 15 − 17 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡.
7. Find the distance between points (–2, 5) and (4, –1) using the formula.
𝑑𝑑 = �(𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑥𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦𝑦2 − 𝑦𝑦1 )2
𝑑𝑑 = �(4 − (−2))2 + (−1 − 5)2
𝑑𝑑 = �(6)2 + (6)2
𝑑𝑑 = �2(6)2 = 6√2
18
Week 11: Day 5 – Unit 5 Quiz
1. Find the missing measurements of each shape: sides, diagonals, heights, or angles.
∠a
a. b. c.
c b
c b b 17 ft 60°
3 in 3in
∠a
. 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 25𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 8 ft
a: 𝐴𝐴 = 25 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∙ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

one side =𝑏𝑏 = 5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠, 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∠𝑎𝑎 = 45°
𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 1 ∶ 1 ∶ √2, 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑐 = 5√2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
b. This is a Pythagorean triple: 8-15-17. Side b = 15 ft.
c. ∠𝑎𝑎 = 90° − 60° = 30°

𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 1 ∶ √3 ∶ 2, 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑏𝑏 = 3√3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐 = 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖.
2. Find the missing sides of the following right triangles:
a. Sides are 9, 40, and 41 . d. Sides are 6, 10, and 2√34 .

b. Sides are 7 , 24, and 25. e. Sides are 3, 9, and 3√10 .
c. Sides are 6, 6√3 , and 12. f. Sides are 17, 17, and 17√2 .
Answers a and b are known Pythagorean triples. Answers c and f are known
ratios. Answers d and e use the Pythagorean theorem: 𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 𝑐𝑐 2.
𝑑𝑑. 62 + 102 = 𝑐𝑐 2 ; 𝑐𝑐 = √136 = √4 ∙ 34 = 2√34
𝑒𝑒. 32 + 92 = 𝑐𝑐 2; 𝑐𝑐 = √90 = √9 ∙ 10 = 3√10
19
3. The area of a right triangle is 24 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 and the height is 6 in. Find the base and
hypotenuse.
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ ; 24 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ; 𝑏𝑏 = 8 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
2 2
6 + 8 = 102 ; 𝑐𝑐 = 10
2 2
This is a multiple of 2 times the 3-4-5 right triangle.
4. The area of a circle is 450 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 . Find its radius.

𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 450 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
Divide both sides by 𝜋𝜋 ∶ 𝑟𝑟 2 = 450 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
Square root both sides: 𝑟𝑟 = √450 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
Simplify: 𝑟𝑟 = √25 ∙ 9 ∙ 2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 5 ∙ 3 ∙ √2 = 15√2 cm
5. Demonstrate whether the following are right triangles. If not, calculate what the
longest side should be to form a right triangle.
a. Sides are 14, 48, and 52 cm.

142 + 482 =? 522
196 + 2304 ≠ 2704
This should be a multiple of 2 times the 7-24-25 right triangle, so the longest
side should be 50 cm.
b. Sides are 15, 36, and 39 in.

152 + 362 =? 392
225 + 1296 = 1521. 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇. 𝑇𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡.
6. Find the distance between points (-3, 0) and (3, 2).

2
𝑑𝑑 = ��3 − (−3)� + (2 − 0)2
𝑑𝑑 = �62 + 22 = √36 + 4 = √40 = √4 ∙ 10 = 2√10

Note: the directions didn’t specify, so it could be solved by graphing.
20
7. A carpenter is making an angled bench with three equal sides of 30 inches. The
two ends will meet in the middle at a 150° angle. If he follows the diagram
below, what will the all of the sides, heights, and interior angles measure?
Use the following as a guide for writing down your measurements:
30 in
30 in ∠1 ∠1 30 in
a a
∠2 ∠2
b c b
Angle ∠1: 150° − 90° = 60°
Angle ∠2: 90° − 60° = 30°

This is a 30-60-90 triangle with side ratios of 1 ∶ √3 ∶ 2.
1
Interior height a: (ℎ𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦) = 15 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖.
2
Triangle base b: √3(𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠) = 15√3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Rectangle base c: Same as opposite side of rectangle = 30 in
Trapezoid bottom base 𝑏𝑏 + 𝑐𝑐 + 𝑏𝑏: 15√3 + 30 + 15 √3 = 30 √3 + 30 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
21
Week 12: Day 1
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Prism.

Add to your Geometry facts page:
Area equals base times height.
Volume equals the Area of the base times height.
Add to your 3-D Formulas page:
𝑽𝑽(𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑) = 𝑩𝑩 ∙ 𝒉𝒉
2. Find the area of a rectangular prism (box) with these measurements:
a. 12 in by 15 in by 9 in
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = 12𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∙ 15 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 180 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 180 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 ∙ 9 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 1620 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
b. 35 cm by 40 cm by 52 cm
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = 35 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 40 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 1400 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
𝑉𝑉 = 1400 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 ∙ 52 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 72,800 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3. A mail order company has to ship a mop to a customer. The handle breaks down
into three sections, the longest of which is 17 inches. Will it fit diagonally inside
a box that measures 9 inches by 8 inches by 12 inches?
(Hint: You’ll have to calculate two

different hypotenuses: first using
the measurements marked in blue,
and then using the triangle marked
in yellow.)
Answer is on the next page.
22
Blue triangle: 92 + 122 = 𝑥𝑥 2
81 + 144 = 225 = 152
The blue/yellow line is 15 in.
Yellow triangle: 82 + 152 = 𝑥𝑥 2

64 + 225 = 289 = 172
The yellow line is 17 in.
Yes, the mop handle should fit diagonally into the box.
4. Find an empty box, like a cereal or tissue box. Cut it apart along the edges. How
many sides does it have? Are any of those sides the same size? Which ones? (Tape
the top pieces together and count those as one side. Do the same with the bottom.)
There should be six rectangles. The top and bottom should be the same size; the
front and back should be the same size; and the left and right panels should be
the same size.
23
Week 12: Day 2
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Edges, Faces, and Surface Area.
Add the Formula for Surface Area to the 2-dimensional Shape Formulas list.
𝑺𝑺𝑨𝑨(𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃𝒃) = 𝟐𝟐(𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇) + 𝟐𝟐(𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔𝒔) + 𝟐𝟐(𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕)
2. Use sugar cubes or toy blocks or your imagination to build rectangular prisms
with the following dimensions. Fill in the following table:
Rectangle Rectangle Area of Height of the Volume of

base height the Base prism (# of layers) the prism
a. 2 2 4 sq 2 8 cu
b. 2 3 6 sq 3 18 cu
c. 3 3 9 sq 3 27 cu
d. 3 3 9 sq 4 36 cu
e. 4 4 16 sq 2 32 cu
f. 4 4 16 sq 3 48 cu
g. 5 4 20 sq 5 100 cu
Note: all area is in square units (sq) and all volume is in cubic units (cu).
3. Use either the formula or the cubes to compute the surface area of any three of
the prisms from the table above.
2(𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓) + (2(𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠) + 2(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡)
a. 2(2 ∙ 2) + 2(2 ∙ 2) + 2(2 ∙ 2) = 24 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
b. 2(2 ∙ 3) + 2(3 ∙ 2) + 2(3 ∙ 3) = 42 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
c. 2(3 ∙ 3) + 2(3 ∙ 3) + 2(3 ∙ 3) = 54 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
d. 2(3 ∙ 3) + 2(3 ∙ 4) + 2(4 ∙ 3) = 66 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
e. 2(4 ∙ 4) + 2(2 ∙ 4) + 2(4 ∙ 2) = 64 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
f. 2(4 ∙ 4) + 2(3 ∙ 4) + 2(4 ∙ 3) = 80 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
g. 2(5 ∙ 4) + 2(4 ∙ 5) + 2(5 ∙ 5) = 130 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
24
4. For each of the rectangular prisms you built, answer the following:
a. How many faces does it have? Six

b. How many vertices does it have? Eight
c. How many edges does it have? Twelve
25
Week 12: Day 3
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions pages: Right prism, Oblique, Oblique
prism, Parallelepiped, Cylinder. Add the volume of a cylinder to your 3-D
formulas page: 𝑽𝑽(𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄𝒄) = 𝑩𝑩 ∙ 𝒉𝒉
2. Find the volume of each of the following:

a. A cylinder with a radius of 2 in and a height of 3 in.
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 ∙ ℎ = 4𝜋𝜋 ∙ 3 = 12𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 ≈ 37.7 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
b. A triangular prism with a triangle measuring 5 cm wide by 4 cm high, and a

prism height of 6 cm.
1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ = 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 6 = 60 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
2
c. A box with sides measuring 7.5 in, 9.25 in, and 11 inches.
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ = 7.5 ∙ 9.25 ∙ 11 = 763.125 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
d. A heart-shaped pipe 20 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 long, with the area of the heart measuring 10 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 .
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ = 10 ∙ 20 = 200 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3. Fill in the following chart for the prisms. Yesterday’s data is entered for you.
Type of prism Shape of base # Sides # Faces # Vertices # Edges
of base of prism of prism of prism
Triangular Triangle 3 5 6 9
Rectangular Rectangle 4 6 8 12
Pentagonal Pentagon 5 7 10 15
Hexagonal Hexagon 6 8 12 18
4. Can you invent a rule that tells how many faces, vertices, or edges a prism will
have if its base has n sides?
If the base has 𝑛𝑛 sides,
the prism will have 𝑛𝑛 + 2 faces, 2𝑛𝑛 vertices, and 3𝑛𝑛 edges.
26
Week 12: Day 4
1. Add the Can Opener formula to your 2-D formulas list.

𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴. = 2 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 × 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡
2. Fill in the blanks using the following word bank:
Subtract Add Base Height Area

Circumference Perimeter Rectangle Triangle Circle
In the Blueprint Method of finding Surface Area, we draw each shape

individually, and then we add up the areas.
In the Can Opener Method, we draw two things: a base, which we need two
of, and a rectangle with a height equal to the height of the prism and a base
equal to the perimeter of the prism’s base.
3. Find the Volume and Surface Area of the following. For each, make a blueprint
or a Can Opener sketch.
a. Can of peaches with radius 5 cm and height 12 cm.

𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ = (𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2)ℎ = 25𝜋𝜋 ∙ 12 = 300𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 ≈ 942.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
= 2( r = 5cm )+ h = 12 cm
𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑎𝑎 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = 2 (𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2) + (2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋)ℎ

2(25𝜋𝜋) + (10𝜋𝜋) ∙ 12 = 170𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 ≈ 534.1 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
27
b. Box of cereal that measures 4 in by 10 in by 14 in.
𝑉𝑉 = 4 ∙ 10 ∙ 14 = 560 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
2 tops + 2 fronts + 2 sides
4x10
10x14
4x14
2(4 ∙ 10) + 2(10 ∙ 14) + 2(4 ∙ 14) =

80 + 280 + 112 = 472 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
c. Triangular building where each side is 25 feet long, and the height is 40 feet.
(Hint: draw the base separately and use the Pythagorean Theorem to find its
height and area.)
The triangles are 30-60-90

25 ∴ ℎ = 12.5 √3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
12.5 12.5
1
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑓𝑓 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 = 25 ∙ 12√3 ≈ 260 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 260 ∙ 40 = 10,400 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
Surface Area is continued on the next page.
28
Surface Area:
25 ft 25ft 25 ft
= 2( )+ 40 ft
= 2(260 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 ) + 40 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 75 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

= 520 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 + 3000 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 3520 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
29
Week 12: Day 5
1. Add to your Geometry Notes 3-D formulas:

𝑽𝑽(𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐𝒐 𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑) = 𝑩𝑩 ∙ 𝒉𝒉
2. Match this week’s definitions:
𝑐𝑐 faces a. bases are congruent, parallel polygons

𝑑𝑑 surface area b. line segment borders between shapes
𝑓𝑓 oblique c. the flat surfaces that make up a 3-D shape
𝑎𝑎 prism d. the sum of the areas of a shape’s faces
𝑒𝑒 right prism e. adjoining faces are perpendicular to the base
ℎ cylinder f. neither perpendicular nor parallel
𝑏𝑏 edges g. sides are not perpendicular to the base
𝑔𝑔 oblique prism h. bases are congruent, parallel circles
3. Use the Can Opener Method to find the Volume and Surface Area:
a. Cylinder with base area = 9 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 and height = 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖.

𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 9 𝜋𝜋 ∙ 5 = 45 𝜋𝜋 ≈ 141.4 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁: 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 = √9 = 3
𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 6𝜋𝜋
2( )+ 5 in
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 2 (9𝜋𝜋) + 6𝜋𝜋 ∙ 5

= 48𝜋𝜋 ≈ 150.8 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
30
b. Triangular prism with a right triangle base
measuring 3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 3√2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. Its height is 8 cm.
3 cm 3√2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
8 cm
3 cm
1 1
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = ∙ 3 ∙ 3 = 4.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 4.5 ∙ 8 = 36 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
Surface Area:
3 cm 3 cm 3√2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
2( )+ 8 cm
4.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 2(4.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 ) + 8 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 �3𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 3𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 3√2𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐�
≈ 9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 + 82 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 ≈ 91 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
c. Right rectangular prism measuring 8 ft by 6 ft by 9 ft.
𝑉𝑉 = 8 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 9 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 432 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
2( 6 ft x
8 ft )+ 9 ft
8 ft 6 ft 8 ft 6ft
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎: 2 (6 ∙ 8) + 9(8 + 6 + 8 + 6) = 348 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
31
4. Find the volume of an oblique parallelogram prism (known as a parallelepiped)
if its base is a parallelogram with 𝑏𝑏 = 5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 and ℎ = 4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, and the height of the
solid (not the slanted side) is 7 cm.
𝑉𝑉 = 5𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 ∙ 7 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 140 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
32
Week 13: Day 1
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Apex, Pyramid, Right pyramid,
Oblique pyramid. Add to your 3-D formulas:
𝟏𝟏
𝑽𝑽(𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑𝒑) = 𝑩𝑩 ∙ 𝒉𝒉
𝟑𝟑
2. Find the volume of the following pyramids:
a. Triangular pyramid with base sides 8, 15, and 17 cm. Height to apex is 9 cm.
The base triangle sides are a Pythagorean Triple. Base area is:
1 1
𝐵𝐵 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 8 ∙ 15 = 60 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
1 1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ = 60 ∙ 9 = 180 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3 3
b. Square pyramid with base sides all 4 in. Height to apex is 5 inches.
Area of the base square is:
𝐵𝐵 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 4 ∙ 4 = 16 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
1 1 2
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ = 16 ∙ 5 = 26 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3 3 3
33
c. Hexagonal pyramid with base sides all 6 in. Height to apex is 8 in. (Hint:
divide the hexagon into 6 equal triangles with 60 degree angles, all radiating
from the center, and find the other measurements from that.)
6in
3 in 3 in
The 60-60-60 triangle divides in half into two 30-60-90 right triangles.
We know the ratios of those sides are 1: √3 ∶ 2, so the missing height is 3√3
1
cm. There are six of these little triangles, with areas = (6)�3√3� ≈ 15.6.
2
That means the area of the hexagon base is 6(15.6) ≈ 93.6 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 .
1
𝑉𝑉 ≈ (93.6)(8) ≈ 249.6 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3
3. XYZ Metronome company wants to produce a thousand prototype metronomes

in the shape of a clear acrylic pyramid with a square base. Each square base
must measure 8 inches on every side, and it must be 10 inches tall. Inside, each
must have an empty space in the shape of a 3-inch cube to house the internal
timing mechanism. How much raw acrylic do they need to have enough for all
1,000 prototypes?
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 8 ∙ 8 = 64 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
1 1
𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = (64)(10) = 213 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3 3
3
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 3 ∙ 3 ∙ 3 = 27 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛
The volume of acrylic needed is the volume of the pyramid, minus the cube,
times a thousand.
1 1
𝑉𝑉 = �213 − 27� (1000) = 186,333 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3 3
34
Week 13: Day 2
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Altitude, Lateral face, Slant
Height.
2. Find the volume and surface area of these pyramids:
a. Base is a triangle. Each side is 4 cm.

Height to the apex is 5 cm.
Distance from center to side of base
is 2.3 cm.
The full solution to this problem is found in Example 1 on tomorrow’s

Lesson: Week 13: Day 3. The answers are:
𝑉𝑉 ≈ 11.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 ≈ 39.9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
Note: the squiggly equal sign indicates that at least one of the numbers we
used to calculate the answer was a rounded-off decimal. It is Mathese for
the phrase “approximately equal to.”
35
b. Base is a square. Each side is 8 in.
Height to apex is 7 in.
(Hint: where is the center of the square?)
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 8 ∙ 8 = 64 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
1 1
𝑉𝑉 = (64)(7) = 149 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3 3
Draw and label internal triangle.

Using Pythagorean Theorem, 42 + 72 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑡𝑡 2
h=7 in
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = √65 ≈ 8.1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
slant =?
1
= 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
2
= 4 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Draw and label lateral triangle.

1
Find its area: 𝐴𝐴 = (8)(8.1) = 32.4 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 ↑ 8.1 cm
2
slant
height
↓
← 8 in side of square→
Draw Blueprint and find Surface Area:
+ 4( )
𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴. = 1 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 4 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 ≈ 64 + 4(32.4) ≈ 193.6 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
36
3. The Louvre Museum in Paris, France, has a grand entrance in the shape of a
pyramid. It is made entirely of glass and metal frames. The facilities manager
has to know the volume of air inside so he can update the air conditioning
system. The square base has sides of 34 meters, and the height is 21.6 meters.
Help him calculate the volume of air inside the glass pyramid.
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 34 𝑚𝑚 ∙ 34 𝑚𝑚 = 1156 𝑚𝑚2

1
𝑉𝑉 = (1156)(21.6) = 8323.2 𝑚𝑚3
3
37
Week 13: Day 3
1. Add this formula for Surface Area to your Geometry Notes 2-D formula list:
1
𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ 𝑠𝑠
2
2. A tiny historic church in Anytown, Nebraska was built in 1898 with an octagon
spire that is 12 feet tall. The builders constructed it on a square base, and
measured off equal lengths from each corner to create a regular octagon. Using
what you know of the Pythagorean Theorem, calculate the following:
a. The length of each side of the square and the octagon, given this diagram:
2 ft x 2 ft
2 ft x x 2 ft
x x
2 ft x x 2 ft
2 ft x 2 ft
The clue is the little triangle piece at each corner. It is a 45-45-90 right triangle,
and its sides are in a ratio of 1 ∶ 1 ∶ √2 . That means each x has to be 2√2 ft.
The length of each side of the octagon is 2√2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ≈ 2.8 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
The length of each side of the square is 2 + 2√2 + 2 = 4 + 2√2 ≈ 6.8 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.
38
b. The area of the octagon. (Hint: find the area of the square and subtract the
four cut-off triangles.)
= – 4( )
2 ft
6.8 ft
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 4 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 =
1
(6.8 ∙ 6.8) − 4 � 2 ∙ 2� ≈
2
(46.2) − (8) ≈ 38.2 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
Another math principle is at work here: once you’ve rounded off to a decimal
place, none of your other answers can have more decimal places than that.
Since we rounded the side of the square to one decimal place, the answer will be
rounded to one decimal place as well.
c. The volume of the spire.
1
𝑉𝑉 ≈ 38.2 ∙ 12 = 152.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3
39
d. The surface area of the spire. Hint: find the slant height using this triangle.
The variable x is what you found above.
The base of the triangle is half the distance
12 ft s across the square. Find s, the slant height.
1
(4 + 𝑥𝑥)
2
The short side of the right triangle

is half the side of the square:
1
(4 + 2√2) ≈ 3.4 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
2
Using the Pythagorean Theorem:
(3.4)2 + 122 = 𝑠𝑠 2
𝑠𝑠 ≈ 12.5 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
1
The formula for Surface Area is 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ 𝑠𝑠
2
The Perimeter of the octagon is 8𝑥𝑥 = 8 ∗ 2√2 = 22.6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
The Base area of the octagon is 38.2 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
The slant height is 12.5 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.
1
𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴. = 38.2 + (22.6)(12.5) ≈ 179.5 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2
40
Week 13: Day 4
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Cone.

1
Add to your 3-D formulas page: 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ
3
2. Fill in the following chart to compare major 2-D and 3-D formulas. Be sure to
fill in the unit exponents correctly. Use a colored pencil to highlight all of the 2s
and 3s in the exponents and fractions.
Dimen-
Measurement Units Polygons Circles
sion
Perimeter 1 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚1 Add all sides 𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟) 2 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ 𝐴𝐴(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
2 1
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ
2
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) 3 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ
1 1
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) 3 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ
3 3
3. If you substitute the formula for the area of a circle for the B in the Volume of a
cylinder or cone, does it work out to be a Volume in three dimensions? How do
you know?
1 1
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 ℎ; 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2ℎ
3 3
In both cases, we have three one-dimensional measurements multiplied
together: 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 × 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 × ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡. Therefore, the result is in 3-D.
41
4. For each of the following, draw and calculate the volume of the related cylinder
and the cone:
a. 𝑟𝑟 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖, ℎ = 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2ℎ = 𝜋𝜋32 ∙ 5 = 45𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3

1 1 1
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2ℎ = 45𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 = 15𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3 3 3
b. 𝑟𝑟 = 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, ℎ = 12 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 ℎ = 𝜋𝜋102 ∙ 12 = 1200𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
1 1 1
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2ℎ = 1200𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 = 400𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3 3 3
42
Week 13: Day 5
1
1. Add to your Geometry Notes 2-D formulas: 𝑺𝑺. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ 𝑠𝑠.
2
2. Explain how to substitute your circle formulas into the formula for the Surface
Area of a cone.
Substitute the area of a circle for the B (area of the base) and the
circumference of a circle for the P (perimeter of the base):
𝟏𝟏
𝑺𝑺. 𝑨𝑨. = 𝝅𝝅𝒓𝒓𝟐𝟐 + (𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐)𝒔𝒔
𝟐𝟐
1
The times 2 cancels out, leaving us with:
2
𝑺𝑺. 𝑨𝑨. = 𝝅𝝅𝒓𝒓𝟐𝟐 + 𝝅𝝅𝝅𝝅𝝅𝝅
3. Find the Volume and Surface Area of each of the following:
a. Right Prism with a square base of 40 ft on each edge and height of 30 ft.
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 40 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 40𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 ∙ 30 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 = 48,000 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ ℎ = 2(40 ∙ 40) + (40 + 40 + 40 + 40) ∙ 30
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2(1600) + (160) ∙ 30 = 8,000 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
b. Cylinder with r = 15 cm and h = 25 cm.

𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋(15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)2 ∙ 25 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 5,625 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ ℎ = 2(𝜋𝜋152 ) + 2𝜋𝜋(15) ∙ 25
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 450 𝜋𝜋 + 750 𝜋𝜋 = 1,200 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
43
c. Pyramid with a triangle base of 60 in on each edge and height of 48 in. The
slant height is approximately 51 in.
Area of the Base:
Base:
1
60 in 60in 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ
2
30√3𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 1
𝐴𝐴 = (60)(30√3)
2
30 in 30 in 𝐴𝐴 ≈ 1,558.8 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
1 1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ ≈ (1558.8)(48) ≈ 24,940.8 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3 3
1 1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 1558.8 + (60 × 3)(51) = 6,148.8 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2 2
d. Cone with r= 3 ft and h = 4 ft.
This is a 3-4-5 right triangle, so the

h=4ft slant height is 5 ft.
r=3ft
1 1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (𝜋𝜋32 )(4) = 12𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3 3
1 1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 𝜋𝜋32 + (2𝜋𝜋 ∙ 3) ∙ 5
2 2
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 9𝜋𝜋 + 15𝜋𝜋 = 24𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
44
4. The Crazy Cone Motel* has 10 cabins in the shape of cones. The facilities
manager needs to paint the outer walls and to replace the air conditioning units.
Each cabin has a radius of 7 feet and a height of 32 feet. Calculate the following:
a. The volume of a single unit. The manager will need to order 10 individual
HVAC units that can handle that volume of air.
1 1 2
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (𝜋𝜋72 ) ∙ 32 = 522 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋𝑡𝑡 3 ≈ 1642 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3 3 3
b. The lateral surface area of a single unit. Note: this is the lateral surface area,
because there is no need to paint the floor.
To find the slant height,

use the Pythagorean Theorem:
h=32 ft 72 + 322 = 𝑠𝑠 2
𝑠𝑠 = √1073 ≈ 32.8 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
r=7 ft
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅, 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶,

𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏.
1 1
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 𝑃𝑃 ∙ 𝑠𝑠 = (2𝜋𝜋 ∙ 7)(32.8) ≈ 721.3 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2 2
c. The manager can save money by buying 5-gallon buckets of paint. Each
gallon will cover about 150 square feet. How many buckets should she buy?
Ten units times Lateral Surface Area above ≈ 7213 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = total paint area.
A five-gallon bucket will cover 5 ∙ 150 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 750 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 .
Divide: 7213 ÷ 750 ≈ 9.6. She should buy ten buckets of paint.
*There is a historic landmark similar to this on Route 66 in Holbrook, Arizona.
45
Week 14: Day 1
1. Review the guiding principles of Solid Geometry in today’s lesson, and then
answer the following:
a. If you were to sum up the most basic principle of finding Volume, how would
you describe it?
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ
b. What changes would you make to the Volume calculation if the shape comes
to a point instead of being a prism?
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ
3
c. If you were to sum up the guiding principle to Surface Area, what would you
say?
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 + 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 (𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡)
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃ℎ
d. What changes happen to the Surface Area formula when the shape is pointed?
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓, 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
2
2. A building designer is trying to design the largest hotel possible on an odd-

shaped plot of land. It will have a grand V-shaped entrance in the front. Building
costs are calculated based on square footage, and HVAC costs are based on the
volume of air the building contains. Calculate total surface area and volume for
this building, given that the ground floor has an area of 5722 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 , its perimeter is
426 ft, and it will be 6 stories tall. (Each story should be 14 ft.)
46
Base area = 5722 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
Base perimeter = 426 ft
14 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
Building height = 6 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∙ = 84 ft.
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
Total surface area = 2 bases plus perimeter times

height.
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2(5722) + 426(84)
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 11,444 + 35,784 = 47,228 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
Detailed answer for further discussion: The surface area includes the roof
and the ground floor, at 5722 square feet each. The other five stories will
need floor coverings, as well. The painters will need to paint 35,784 square
feet of exterior walls.
Volume equals area of the base times the height:

𝑉𝑉 = 5722 (84) = 480,648 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
Detailed answer for further discussion: the HVAC system will need to air
condition nearly half a million cubic feet of air.
47
Week 14: Day 2
1. Add to your Geometry Notes 2-D formulas: 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒) = 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
2. Research “world map projections” and look at the variety of shapes mapmakers
have used to represent the spherical Earth on a flat piece of paper.
a. List five of the map shapes you find most intriguing. (I like the butterfly
projection!)
Answers will vary.
b. If you had to choose, would you stretch the ocean parts out so the land sizes
look right, or would you stretch the land parts out so the ocean is accurate?
Answers will vary.
c. Which of those would be more important for sailing ships?
Having accurate oceans was more important for sailing ships, which is
why historical maps have distorted land areas, especially near the poles.
For example, on many maps, Greenland looks almost as big as Africa,
even though its land area is about a fifth the size.
3. Find the Volume and Surface Areas:

a. Sphere with r= 7 cm.
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 4𝜋𝜋72 = 196𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐62 = 615.75 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
4 1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋73 = 457 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 ≈ 1,437 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3 3
b. Cylinder with r = 7cm, h=7 cm.

𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃ℎ = 2𝜋𝜋72 + 14𝜋𝜋 (7) ≈ 615.75𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋72 (7) = 343𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 ≈ 1,078 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
48
c. Cone with r= 7 cm, h=7 cm.
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡: 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 𝑐𝑐 2; 72 + 72 ≈ (9.9)2
1 1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 49𝜋𝜋 + (14𝜋𝜋)(9.9) ≈ 371.65 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
1 1 2 1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋7 (7) = 114 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 ≈ 359 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3 3 3
4. If you want the maximum volume of a shape with the same radius and height,
4
should you choose a cylinder or a sphere? A sphere is always of the cylinder.
3
49
Week 14: Day 3
1. The silo we designed for the farmer contained an extra 2,000 cubic feet, which is
a couple more truckloads.
a. If we shortened the cylinder height to only 21 feet, would the entire silo be big
enough to hold 14,400 cubic feet of grain?
We calculated the half-sphere to have 3619 cubic feet, and the cone to
have 1508 cubic feet. We only need to recalculate the cylinder with the
radius equal to 12 and the height at 21:
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋122 (21) ≈ 9500 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 3619 + 1508 + 9500 = 14,627 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 .
Yes, the silo would be big enough for the grain.
b. Would a 20-foot cylinder be big enough?

𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 𝜋𝜋122 (20) ≈ 9047 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 3619 + 1508 + 9047 = 14,174 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
No, the silo would not be big enough.
c. If sheet metal costs $4 per square foot, how much will the original 25-foot
design cost the farmer?
We calculated the surface area of the half sphere would be 905 square
feet, the side of the cylinder would be 1885 square feet, and the side of
the cone would be 588 square feet. The total was 3378 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 .
$4
3378 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 ∙ 2 = $13,512 (𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙)
𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡
50
d. How much money would she save by making the cylinder only 21 feet high?
The lateral side of the cylinder is a rectangle where one side is the height
and one side is the perimeter (circumference).
𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴. = (2𝜋𝜋 ∙ 12)(21) ≈ 1583 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 2
The taller cylinder’s SA was 1885 square feet, so the difference is:
1885 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 − 1583 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 302 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
Her savings will be the difference multiplied by the price:
$4
302 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 ∙ 2 = $1,208
𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡
2. One of the techniques we used for the silo was reverse engineering. In other
words, we knew the volume and height we wanted, and we worked backward to
find the radius. Using the same technique, find the missing measurement of the
following. Round each answer to one decimal place.
a. Sphere; 𝑉𝑉 ≈ 393 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 , 𝑟𝑟 ≈ 4.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

4
393 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 3
3
3
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝜋𝜋: 93.8 ≈ 𝑟𝑟 3
4
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: 𝑟𝑟 ≈ 4.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
b. Sphere; 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴. ≈ 1018 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2, 𝑟𝑟 ≈ 9 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

1018 = 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
Divide both sides by 4𝜋𝜋: 81 ≈ 𝑟𝑟 2
Take the square root of both sides: 𝑟𝑟 ≈ 9 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
51
c. Square Pyramid; 𝑉𝑉 = 300 𝑚𝑚3, 𝐵𝐵 = 100 𝑚𝑚2 , ℎ = 3 𝑚𝑚
Related: what does each side of the square measure? 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 10 𝑚𝑚
300 𝑚𝑚3 = 100 𝑚𝑚2 ∙ ℎ, ℎ = 3 𝑚𝑚
A square base measures 100 square meters, which means each side
must be 10 meters, because 10 x 10 = 100.
d. Triangular Prism; 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴. = 1000 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 , ℎ =____________

You also need the sides of the base triangle: 8 in, 15 in, and 17 in.
The base triangle is a Pythagorean Triple. As a right triangle, the base
and height are the two shortest sides.
1
𝐴𝐴(𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 ∆) = 8 ∙ 15 = 60 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2
The perimeter of the base is the sum of all three sides.
𝑃𝑃 = 8 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 15 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 + 17 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = 40 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Substitute into the formula:
1000 = 2(60) + 40 ℎ
1000 = 120 + 40ℎ
880 = 40ℎ
ℎ = 22 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
52
Week 14: Day 4
1. Match the vocabulary word with its definition.

𝑓𝑓 prism a. perpendicular height of a shape
𝑘𝑘 edge b. pointed 3-D shape with a polygon as its base
ℎ face c. altitude of a lateral face of a 3-D shape
𝑒𝑒 right d. refers to the sides of a 3-D shape
𝑙𝑙 oblique e. means the shape has 90° angles
𝑗𝑗 cylinder f. congruent, parallel, polygon bases
𝑖𝑖 apex g. tapers smoothly from a circle base to its apex
𝑏𝑏 pyramid h. flat surface that makes up a 3-D shape
𝑎𝑎 altitude i. where all sides come together at a point
𝑑𝑑 lateral j. congruent, parallel, circle bases
𝑐𝑐 slant height k. line segment border between shapes.
𝑔𝑔 cone l. slanted; neither perpendicular nor parallel
The rest of today’s assignment investigates the blockhouses of Fort Ross. Each
section builds on the last, so keep your answers organized in a table, like this:
Completed table included at end of this day’s answer key.
Cylinder Octagon Heptagon
Base area = Base area = Base area =
Total V= Total V= Total V=
LSA= LSA= LSA=
Remember, LSA is the lateral surface area, without the top and bottom bases.
PS: Use plenty of scratch paper!
53
2. A historian is curious why the builders of Ft. Ross used an octagon or a
heptagon for the blockhouse instead of a cylinder. He wants to compare the area
of the bases.
a. Find the area of the base of a cylinder with r= 8 ft.
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 64𝜋𝜋 ≈ 201 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
b. Finding the area of an octagon and heptagon are a little more difficult. Instead,
find the whole area of the octagon if one wedge (shown below) has an area of
22.6 square feet.
= 22.6 ft
𝐴𝐴(𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜) = 8(𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤) = 8(22.6) = 180.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
c. Find the area of the heptagon if one wedge has an area of 25 square feet.
𝐴𝐴(ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒) = 7(𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤) = 7(25) = 175 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
d. Which shape has the greatest square footage? Why do you think the builders
chose the octagon and heptagon?
The cylinder has greater square footage, but the builders probably chose an
octagon or heptagon because the boards they used for construction were
straight.
54
3. A mathematician wants to compare the volumes of the three figures. He has to
add the volume of the blockhouse main room with the volume of the pyramid
roof.
a. Find the volume of a cylinder and a cone with r = 8 feet. The cylinder height
is 18 feet, and the cone height is 6 feet.
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (201)(18) = 3618 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
1 1
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (201)(6) = 402 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3 3
𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) + 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 3618 + 402 = 4020 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
b. Find the volume of the octagon blockhouse with its pyramid roof, using the
area you found above, the prism height of 18 feet, and the pyramid height of 6
feet.
𝑉𝑉(𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (180.8)(18) = 3254.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
1 1
𝑉𝑉(8−𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (180.8)(6) = 361.6 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3 3
𝑉𝑉(𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎) + 𝑉𝑉(8−𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 3254.4 + 361.6 = 3616 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
c. Find the volume of the heptagon with the heptagon Base area, prism height,
and pyramid height listed above.
𝑉𝑉(ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (175)(18) = 3150 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
1 1
𝑉𝑉(7−𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (175)(6) = 350 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3 3
𝑉𝑉(ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔) + 𝑉𝑉(7−𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 3150 + 350 = 3500 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
d. Which of the three shapes would have a greater volume?
The cylinder.
55
4. The conservancy director at Fort Ross needs to know the lateral surface areas
(LSA) of the two blockhouses, in order to have materials on hand to repair them as
needed. For good measure, he wants to compare it to a circular structure as well.
a. Find the lateral surface area of a cylinder with r = 8 ft, h= 18 ft plus the lateral
surface area of a cone with r= 8 ft, h= 6 ft. Use the Pythagorean theorem to
find the slant height.
h = 6 ft
b= r = 8 ft
This is a Pythagorean triple.
62 + 82 = 102 , so slant height = 10 ft.
1 1
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝐴𝐴(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡
2 2
1
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = (2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋)𝑠𝑠 = 𝜋𝜋(8)(10) = 80𝜋𝜋 ≈ 251.3 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝐴𝐴(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 𝑃𝑃ℎ = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ𝑡𝑡
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋ℎ = 2𝜋𝜋(8)(18) = 904.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑎𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 251.3 + 904.8 = 1156.1 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
b. Given that each side of the octagon measures 6.1 feet, and there is a slant
height of 9.5 on the roof, find the lateral surface area of the cylinder with
height 18 ft and the 8-sided pyramid with height 6 ft.
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑟𝑟(𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜) = 8 (𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠) = 8 ∙ 6.1 = 48.8 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.

1 1
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝐴𝐴(8−𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = (48.8)(9.5) = 231.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2 2
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝐴𝐴(8−𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝑃𝑃ℎ = (48.8)(18) = 878.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 231.8 + 878.4 = 1110.2 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
56
c. Given that each side of the heptagon measures 6.9 feet, and there is a slant
height of 9.4 on the roof, find the lateral surface areas of the cylinder and the
7-sided pyramid with heights of 18 ft and 6 ft.
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑟𝑟(ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒) = 7 (𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠) = 7 ∙ 6.9 = 48.3 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓.

1 1
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝑙𝑙 𝑆𝑆𝐴𝐴(7−𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = (48.3)(9.4) = 227 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2 2
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑆𝑆𝐴𝐴(7−𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝑃𝑃ℎ = (48.3)(18) = 869.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 = 227 + 869.4 = 1096.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
d. If you were buying paint or lumber to replace one of these shapes, which one
would cost less for materials?
The heptagon, with 7 sides.
Completed table:
Cylinder Octagon Heptagon
Base area =201 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 Base area =180.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 Base area =175 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
Total V=4020 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 Total V=3616 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 Total V=3500 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
LSA=1156.1 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 LSA=1110.2 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 LSA=1096.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
57
1. Match the formulas to the correct measurement. You may use some letters more
than once.
a. = 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
𝑐𝑐 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝)
1
𝑒𝑒 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) b. = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ
3
𝑎𝑎 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒)
𝑑𝑑 𝑉𝑉(𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒) c. = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ ℎ
𝑓𝑓 𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝)
𝟒𝟒
𝑓𝑓 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) d. = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 3
𝟑𝟑
𝑓𝑓 𝑉𝑉(𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝)
1
𝑏𝑏 𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) e. = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ 𝑠𝑠
2
𝑏𝑏 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)
f. = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ
2. A square pyramid has a height is 4 cm, and the area of the Base is 36 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 .
Draw a sketch, and find the side of the square, the slant height, the surface area,
and the volume.
Area of the square base = 36 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2, so one side = 6 cm.
Half the side equals 3 cm, the yellow line on the shape.
The height is 4 cm, making a 3-4-5 right triangle.
Therefore, the slant height is 5 cm.
1 1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 36 + (24)(5) = 36 + 60 = 96 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
1 1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 36 ∙ 4 = 48 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3 3
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3. Archimedes was another ancient Greek who studied math and science. He
proved that if a sphere and a cylinder have the same radius and height, the
surface area of the sphere will equal the lateral surface area of the cylinder.
(That would be just the sides, not the top and bottom.)
Show it’s true by calculating the lateral surface area of a cylinder with a radius
of r and a height of 2r.
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃ℎ, 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑆𝑆𝐴𝐴(𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙) = 𝑃𝑃ℎ

𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋; ℎ = 2𝑟𝑟
𝑃𝑃ℎ = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 ∙ 2𝑟𝑟 = 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 𝑆𝑆𝐴𝐴(𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒)
(Even though hatboxes hadn’t yet been invented,
this is known as Archimedes’ Hat Box Theorem.)
4. Find the missing measurements:
a. Oblique square prism with Volume of 36 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 and height of 4 inches. Find one
side of the square base. 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ
36𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 = 𝐵𝐵 (4𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖) , 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 9 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 √9 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖.
b. Sphere with Volume of 121.5 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 . Find the radius.

4
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 3 = 121.5𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3
3
Multiply both sides by and divide by 𝜋𝜋: 𝑟𝑟 3 = 91.125
4
3
Use the √𝑥𝑥 button on your calculator: 𝑟𝑟 = 4.5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
c. Right triangular pyramid with Volume of 78 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 and a height of 8 ft. Find the
1
area of the base. 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ
3
1
78 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 = 𝐵𝐵 (8𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓)
3
𝐵𝐵 = 29.25 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
59
Week 15: Day 1
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Rigid, Right Triangle, Obtuse
Triangle, Acute Triangle, Equiangular Triangle, Equilateral Triangle, Isosceles
Triangle, and Scalene Triangle.
2. Explain how to make a parallelogram rigid with only one crosspiece. Can this be
accomplished with a pentagon? Can you think of a reason why triangles might
be useful in construction projects?
Place a cross piece along either diagonal. This separate the parallelogram
into two rigid triangles. This can’t be done with a pentagon unless you use
two cross pieces. Triangles are used in construction to keep buildings stable.
3. Match the qualities of the triangle to its official name. More than one name can
be used, and names can be used more than once.
𝑏𝑏 It has two equal angles. a. Scalene Triangle

b. Isosceles Triangle
𝑒𝑒, 𝑐𝑐, 𝑑𝑑 It has all three acute angles. c. Equilateral Triangle
d. Equiangular Triangle
𝑏𝑏 It has two equal sides. e. Acute Triangle
f. Obtuse Triangle
𝑎𝑎 It has no sides equal. g. Right Triangle
𝑔𝑔, 𝑏𝑏 It has a right angle with two equal sides.
𝑔𝑔, 𝑎𝑎 It has a right angle with no equal angles.
𝑓𝑓 It has one obtuse angle.
𝑐𝑐, 𝑑𝑑 Its angles all equal 60°.
60
Week 15: Day 2
1. Add these to your Geometry Facts page:

In triangles, the size of the angle determines the relative size of the side
opposite it.
In right triangles, the right angle is always opposite the hypotenuse.
2. Use your straightedge and compass to copy line segments and angles. Start by
drawing the shape without measuring, and then see if you can create the same
shape with just the compass and straightedge.
a. Draw a line segment of any length, and then copy it.

Follow the directions in the lesson: measure the segment with the compass,
and then transfer that measurement to the new line segment.
b. Draw an acute angle of any size, and then copy it.
Follow the directions in the lesson: measure an arc from the vertex, then the
distance between the two rays, at that arc. Transfer the measurements, one
at a time, to the new line segment.
c. Draw an obtuse angle of any size, and then copy it.
Follow the directions in the lesson, except with a wide angle instead of an
acute one.
● ●
3. As a review, draw a triangle with sides measuring 5 cm, 5 cm, and 8 cm. What
should be the height of the resulting triangle? What is its total area? (Hint:
separate it into two right triangles.) Draw the 8 cm base and make 5 cm arcs.
5 cm 5 cm
h = 3 cm
1
8 cm
𝐴𝐴 = 2 (4)(3) = 6 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
4 cm 4 cm
61
Week 15: Day 3
1. Add to your Geometry Facts page: Constructions use arcs to measure.
2. Construct a parallel line by following these steps.
a. Use your straightedge and another full sheet of paper. Draw any triangle and
label the vertices X, Y and Z, with X at the top and ��
𝑌𝑌𝑌𝑌 along the bottom.
b. Turn your paper so that ��

𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 is along the bottom facing you. Bisect that line
segment using the skills we learned in Unit 2, which were reprinted at the
beginning of today’s lesson. Use light marks or a different color, because
we’re not finished. Once you’ve found the center of the line segment, label it
point D.
Y Z
62
c. Turn the paper so that ��
𝑌𝑌𝑌𝑌 is along the bottom again. Using the instructions in
today’s Task 2, construct a line through point D that is parallel to ��
𝑌𝑌𝑌𝑌. Use
darker marks or a different color.
D●
Y Z
d. There are several special qualities to that middle line. For one thing, we
constructed it to be parallel. Do you notice anything else?
Answers may vary, but may include the fact that the middle line crosses the
other side of the triangle at the middle, or that the angles on the other side
are equal, or that the middle line is half of the bottom line, or that the
bottom part of the shape is a truncated trapezoid.
63
Week 15: Day 4
1. Add to your Geometry Notes List of Properties the Angle-Angle Theorem of

Similarity.
2. Construct an angle bisector of an isosceles triangle by following these steps.
a. Use your straightedge and a full sheet of paper. Draw two lines that meet at a
point. Label the place they meet as point A.
b. Place the point of your compass on point A and open it wide, to exactly 5
inches. Draw an arc across both lines you drew. Label the place where the arc
meets the lines as points B and C.
c. With your straightedge, connect points B and C. You have completed an

isosceles triangle.
A
5 inch arc
B C
64
d. Following the steps given in yesterday’s Task 1, bisect angle A of the triangle.
Draw the line segment all the way from point A to line segment BC. Label the
point X.
B X C
e. What do you notice about the relationship between the angle bisector and the
line segment BC? Measure each line segment with your ruler and explain
whether what you noticed was true.
Answers will vary, but may include the observation that the angle bisector
looks perpendicular to the base, or that it looks like it bisects the base as
well. Considering half of the triangle, if it is a right triangle, then
��2 + ��
𝐵𝐵𝑋𝑋 ��2 .
𝑋𝑋𝐴𝐴2 = 𝐴𝐴𝐵𝐵
3. What adjective would you put with the word trapezoid to describe one that has
both slanted sides equal?
Isosceles means having two equal sides. It’s an isosceles trapezoid.
65
Week 15: Day 5
1. Add to your Geometry Notes List of Properties: The SAS Theorem.
2. a. Draw a triangle. Construct a congruent triangle on the other side of its base, so
that the base is shared between both triangles. (In other words, create a reflection
of the triangle below it.)
b. What shape have you drawn?

A kite.
c. What do you observe about the diagonals?
The diagonals are perpendicular, and the short one is cut in half.
3. Given the following diagram, find values using the Midpoint Theorem from
yesterday.
X �� is 8 in, how long is ��

a. If 𝑌𝑌𝑌𝑌 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ?
x ��
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 4 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
M m n N b. If 𝑚𝑚∠𝑥𝑥 = 55 and 𝑚𝑚∠n = 42, find 𝑚𝑚∠y.
𝑚𝑚∠𝑚𝑚 = 180 − 55 − 42 = 83° = 𝑚𝑚∠𝑦𝑦
Y y z Z �� is 9 in, how long is ��
c. If 𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 ?
��
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 = 4.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
M is the midpoint of ��
𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 .
N is the midpoint of ��
𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 .
66
4. Draw a triangle, and extend one side to form an exterior angle. Using what you
already know about the sum of the angles in a triangle and the definition of a
straight line, design a formal proof for the following:
A
a
b c y
B C
Given ∆ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 with exterior ∠ 𝑦𝑦, prove that ∠ 𝑦𝑦 equals the sum of ∠ 𝑎𝑎 and ∠ 𝑏𝑏.
1. 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 ∠y and ∆ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 1. Given
2. 𝑚𝑚∠𝑦𝑦 = 180° − 𝑚𝑚∠𝑐𝑐 2. Definition of linear pair or

straight angle or supplementary
3. 180° − 𝑚𝑚∠𝑐𝑐 = 𝑚𝑚∠𝑎𝑎 + 𝑚𝑚∠𝑏𝑏 3. Sum of the angles in a triangle
4. ∴ 𝑚𝑚∠𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚∠𝑎𝑎 + 𝑚𝑚∠𝑏𝑏 4. Transitive property of =

(Give half credit for “Substitution.”)
(Note: you may either fill in the blanks on the above proof, or design another of
your own.) If students created their own proofs, make sure the logic follows
sequentially.
67
Week 16: Day 1
1. Add to your Geometry Notes List of Properties the five similarity or congruence
theorems: AA, SSS, SAS, ASA, and AAS.
2. Below are pairs of angles. Based on the parts marked equal, choose which of the
congruence or similarity statements applies. There is one example of each.
Note: this exercise also introduces the traditional markings for angles and sides:
single, double, or triple curves for angles, and tally marks for sides.
𝑏𝑏 SSS
𝑔𝑔 SAS
𝑎𝑎 ASA
𝑑𝑑 AAS
𝑓𝑓 AA similarity
𝑐𝑐 Side-Side-Angle
no congruence
𝑒𝑒 Side-Angle
no congruence
68
Week 16: Day 2
1. Add to your Geometry Notes List of Properties: RHL, CPCTC, and Common.
2. Are these triangles congruent? Similar? How do you know? Use abbreviations.
Be sure to notice common sides, vertical angles, or alternate interior angles.
a. Congruent by RHL b. Similar by AA

(alt. int. ∠s, vert. ∠s)
c. Congruent by AAS d. Congruent by ASA
)) (
)) (
69
3. Find the measurement of the angles marked with letters.
a. b.
a b c 50
40 25 d e f g
The triangle is isosceles.

∠𝑒𝑒 ≅ ∠𝑓𝑓
∠𝑎𝑎 = 180 − 25 − 40 = 115° 180 = 50 + ∠𝑒𝑒 + ∠𝑒𝑒
∠𝑏𝑏 = 25° (by alt int ∠s) ∠𝑒𝑒 = 65°
∠𝑐𝑐 = 180 − ∠𝑏𝑏 − ∠𝑑𝑑 = 40° ∠𝑓𝑓 = 65°
∠𝑑𝑑 = 115° (by alt int ∠s) ∠𝑔𝑔 = 180 − 65 = 115°
4. In figure 3a., combine the obtuse angles of the parallelogram:

a. ∠𝑎𝑎 + ∠𝑏𝑏 = 115 + 25 = 140° b. ∠𝑑𝑑 + 25° = 115 + 25 = 140°
c. What happens when you add an obtuse angle with an acute angle of the
parallelogram? ∠𝑎𝑎 + ∠𝑏𝑏 + ∠𝑐𝑐 = 115 + 25 + 40 = 180°
This illustrates a concept we’ll discuss more later on: adjacent angles of a
parallelogram are supplementary!
70
Week 16: Day 3
1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Isosceles Triangle Definitions:

Base angle, Base, and Height.
Add to your List of Properties the three Isosceles Triangle Theorems.
2. Using steps similar to those in the lesson, prove that if the base angles of a
triangle are equal, the triangle must be isosceles (opposite sides equal).
a. Finish the drawing and mark sides and angles that you know are equal,
including perpendiculars.
A
///
B D C
1. ∠𝐵𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐶 1. Given
2. Draw line segment ��

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ⊥ to line 2. Construction
��
segment 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
3. ��
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ��
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 3. Reflexive property of equality
4. . 𝑚𝑚∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝑚𝑚∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 90 ° 4. Definition of perpendicular
5. ∴ ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 5. AAS ≅
6. ∴ ��
AB ≅ ��
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 6. CPCTC (corresponding parts of
congruent triangles are congruent)
71
Week 16: Day 4
1. Add Heron’s triangle formula to your Geometry Notes 2-D formulas page:
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = �𝑠𝑠(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑎𝑎)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑏𝑏)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑐𝑐 )
2. Find the area of these triangles twice, using both formulas to check your work:
1
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = �𝑠𝑠(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑎𝑎)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑏𝑏)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑐𝑐 ) and 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ.
2
a. Triangle with sides measuring 8 cm, 15 cm, and 17 cm. (Hint: If there’s no
height given, you should automatically check the Pythagorean Theorem to see
if it’s a right triangle.)
82 + 152 = 172 = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 8 ∙ 15 = 60 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
1
𝑃𝑃 = 8 + 15 + 17 = 40 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐; 𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑃 = 20 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
2
𝐴𝐴 = �20(20 − 8)(20 − 15)(20 − 17)
𝐴𝐴 = √20 ∙ 12 ∙ 5 ∙ 3 = √3600 = 60 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
b. Triangular yard with sides measuring 36 ft, 77 ft, and 85 ft.

362 + 772 = 852 = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 36 ∙ 77 = 1386 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2 2
1
𝑃𝑃 = 36 + 77 + 85 = 198 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓; 𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑃 = 99 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
2
𝐴𝐴 = �99(99 − 36)(99 − 77)(99 − 85)
𝐴𝐴 = √99 ∙ 63 ∙ 22 ∙ 14 = 1386 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
72
c. Triangle with sides measuring 9 in, 13 in, and 15 in. Internal height measured
to the longest side is approximately 7 ¾ in. (Use 7.7554 for your calculator.)
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = (15)(7.7554) ≈ 58.17 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2 2
1
𝑃𝑃 = 9 + 13 + 15 = 37 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑃 = 18.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
2
𝐴𝐴 = �18.5(18.5 − 9)(18.5 − 13)(18.5 − 15)
𝐴𝐴 ≈ 58.17 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
3. Use Heron’s Formula to calculate the size of the first closet from today’s lesson.
Closet 1: 𝑃𝑃 = 28 + 36 + 42 = 106 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

28 in 1
𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑃 = 53 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
2
𝐴𝐴 = �53(53 − 28)(53 − 36)(53 − 42)
36 in 𝐴𝐴 = √53 ∙ 25 ∙ 17 ∙ 11 = 5√9911
42 in 𝐴𝐴 ≈ 5(99.6) ≈ 498 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
73
Week 16: Day 5
1. Add the Trigonometry triangle formula to your Geometry Notes 2-D formulas
1
page: 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(∆ 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆) = (𝑆𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑆) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝐴𝐴. Write the Sine, Cosine, and Tangent
2
relationships on your Geometry facts page.
𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 ∠𝑥𝑥 =
ℎ𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦
𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ∠𝑥𝑥 =
𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 ∠𝑥𝑥 =
2. In your own words, describe what a sine, a cosine, and a tangent are.
Answers should include some of the following: Sine, cosine, and tangent
describe the ratios between the sides of a right triangle as they relate to one
of the acute angles.
3. Use the Trigonometry formula to find the areas of the following:
a. Isosceles triangle with equal legs of 7 inches and an included angle of 50°.
1
𝐴𝐴 = (𝑆𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑆) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝐴𝐴
2
1
𝐴𝐴 = 7 ∙ 7 ∙ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 50°
2
50 sin × 7 × 7 ÷ 2 =
𝐴𝐴 ≈ 18.8 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
74
b. Obtuse scalene triangle with sides of 8 ft and 12 ft, with an included angle of
about 95°.
1
2
1
𝐴𝐴 = 8 ∙ 12 ∙ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 95°
2
95 sin × 8 × 12 ÷ 2 =
2
𝐴𝐴 ≈ 47.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡
c. Right triangle with legs of 8 cm and 15 cm, and non-included angle of about
28°. (There’s a trick here. Can you find it?)
The trick is that the acute angle is between one of the legs
and the hypotenuse. To find which leg, we have to draw the triangle.
62°
8 cm 17cm
28°
15 cm
The acute angles add up to 90°.
90° − 28° = 62°
Of the two acute angles, 28° is the smaller one.
It will be opposite the smallest side.
Therefore, the angle is included between the long leg, 15 cm,
and the hypotenuse, 17 cm (Pythagorean Triple).
1
2
1
𝐴𝐴 = 15 ∙ 17 ∙ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 28°
2
28 sin × 15 × 17 ÷ 2 =
𝐴𝐴 ≈ 59.9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
1 1
or 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 8 ∙ 15 = 60 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
75
4. The architect from yesterday’s lesson used his protractor to measure the angle at
the back of each closet. Use the Trigonometry formula to check the areas he got
from Heron’s Formula. Was he right?
Closet 1: Closet 2:
28 in 41 in
Angle 81°→
←Angle 96°
36 in 34 in
42 in 56 in
Heron’s area: ≈ 498 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 Heron’s area: ≈ 693 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = (𝑆𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑆) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴 = (𝑆𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑆) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝐴𝐴
2 2
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = (36 ∙ 25) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 81° 𝐴𝐴 = (34 ∙ 41) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 96°
2 2
Type: 81 sin 36 × 28 ÷ 2 Type: 96 sin 34 × 41 ÷ 2
𝐴𝐴 ≈ 498 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 𝐴𝐴 ≈ 693 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
Answer: The architect’s measurements were correct both ways.
76
Week 17: Day 1
1. Make the following constructions with your straightedge and compass.
a. Construct a triangle with sides measuring 9 cm, 17 cm, and 20 cm.

C
A B
Draw line segment ��
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 20 cm long.
Measure 17 cm on the compass and make an arc from point A.
Measure 9 cm on the compass and make an arc from point B.
Label the place where the two arcs cross as point C.
�� and ��
Draw line segments 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 .
b. Draw an angle and bisect it. ●
Make an arc from the vertex, in purple above.

Move the compass to where the arc crosses the rays. See red dots above.
Make two new arcs, one from each ray. See green arcs above.
Draw a line to where the two green arcs cross.
77
c. Draw a line segment. Place a point approximately 2 inches above it, and draw
a parallel line through that point.
Draw a transversal from line ��

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 to point C. Label the intersection point X.
Make an arc from point X to somewhere on the transversal below point C.
Copy that arc to point C. (See purple arcs above.)
Measure the distance between the sides of the angle at that arc (green).
Copy that distance (green) to the new arc.
Draw a line to where the two arcs cross.
2. Write down three of the following triangle descriptors for each shape.
Right Obtuse Equilateral Scalene
Acute Equiangular Isosceles Rigid
a. b. c.
b. obtuse, scalene, rigid

//
// c. equilateral, acute, rigid
a. Right, isosceles, rigid
d. e. f.
f. equiangular, acute, rigid

d. obtuse, isosceles, rigid e. right, scalene, rigid
78
Note: the word “rigid” applies to every triangle, so you should have written it on
each of the above triangles, in addition to two other descriptors.
3. Find the measure of ∠x:

61
a. b. c. x
35
82
42 x
x
a. There are 180 degrees in a triangle, and the two missing interior angles
are the same. 180-35=145, divided by 2 = 72.5. The exterior angle equals
180 minus 72.5, so 𝑥𝑥 = 107.5°.
b. Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are consecutive interior angles of

parallel lines, so they are supplementary. 180 − 42 = 𝑥𝑥 = 138°.
c. There are parallel lines, so the missing angle on the top triangle is an
alternate interior angle to the 82° angle. 180 − 61 − 82 = 𝑥𝑥 = 37°.
79
Week 17: Day 2
1. Add to your Geometry Notes List of Properties: Midpoint Theorem Corollary.
2. Find the sides marked with letters, using the Midpoint or Isosceles Theorems.
Find the areas of each large triangle.
a. 10 in b.
y
z 3 in. a h b
x
8 in w 60°
5 cm d
a. The midline joins the midpoints of the sides, so 𝑤𝑤 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖, 𝑥𝑥 = 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖, and
𝑦𝑦 = 5𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖. The midline itself is half the base, so 𝑧𝑧 = 4. These are
Pythagorean Triples, 3-4-5 and 6-8-10, so the area of the large triangle is
1 1
𝑏𝑏ℎ = 6 ∙ 8 = 24 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 .
2 2
Summary:
𝑤𝑤 = 3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖, 𝑥𝑥 = 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖, 𝑦𝑦 = 5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖, 𝑧𝑧 = 4 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝐴𝐴 = 24 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
b. Because the base angle is 60°, this is not only an isosceles triangle. It is also
an equilateral triangle. Because of the Isosceles Theorems, the height bisects the
base, so 𝑑𝑑 = 5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. It is equilateral, so 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑏𝑏 = 5 + 𝑑𝑑 = 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. And because
the apex angle is bisected, each half is a 30-60-90 triangle, where the sides are in
a ratio of 1: √3: 2. That means the height ℎ = 5√3, and the Area equals
1 1
𝑏𝑏ℎ = 5 ∙ 5√3 = 12.5√3 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2.
2 2
Summary:
𝑑𝑑 = 5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐; 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑏𝑏 = 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐; ℎ = 5√3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐴𝐴 = 12.5√3 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
80
3. Given that the Area of the center triangle in equilateral triangle ∆𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 below is
50√3 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 , find the Area of the entire triangle and the length of each side.
X
Y Z
The area of the entire triangle is four times the center triangle, so it’s
200√3 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 . Finding the sides will take a little more work.
Look first at just the center triangle. Flip it over and magnify if necessary.
30 30 Draw the height and label the angles.

This is clearly a 30-60-90 right triangle.
60 60 The sides are in ratio 1: √3: 2.
x x Label the bottom half x. The height is 𝑥𝑥√3.
1
Since the Area = 50√3 = (𝑥𝑥)(𝑥𝑥√3), we can divide both sides by √3.
2
1 2
50 = 𝑥𝑥
2
100 = 𝑥𝑥 2
𝑥𝑥 = 10 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖, 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 20 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
Summary:
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑜𝑜𝑓𝑓 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 = 200√3 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒ℎ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 20 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
81
C
A D B
4. Given isosceles triangle ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 above, prove that the height bisects ∠ 𝐶𝐶.
1. ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 is isosceles 1. 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺
2. ∴ ∠𝐴𝐴 = ∠𝐵𝐵 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 ��

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ��
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 2. Definition of 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
3. Draw the height of ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ⊥ ��

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴. 3. Construction.
4. 𝑚𝑚∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝑚𝑚∠𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 90° 4. Definition of 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
5. ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 5. 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅
6. ∴ ∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 6. 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
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Week 17: Day 3
1. Draw each triangle below, choose the best formula, and find its area. Round all
answers to one decimal place.
a. Right triangle with a leg measuring 7 cm and a hypotenuse of 41 cm.

41 cm
7 cm
b 72 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 412 𝑏𝑏 = 40 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 7(40) = 140 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
b. Isosceles triangle with two equal sides measuring 7 cm and included angle 42°.
1
42° 𝐴𝐴 = (7 ∙ 7) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 42
2
𝐴𝐴 ≈ 16.4 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
7cm 7 cm
c. Obtuse triangle with sides of 13 in, 20 in, and 29 in.
13in 20in
29 in
1
𝑃𝑃 = 13 + 20 + 29 = 62 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖; 𝑠𝑠 =
𝑃𝑃 = 31 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
2
𝐴𝐴 = �31(31 − 29)(31 − 20)(31 − 13)
𝐴𝐴 ≈ 110.8 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
83
d. Equilateral triangle with sides measuring 12 ft.
12 ft This can be solved all three ways. If you recognize

the 30-60-90 triangle in each half, you have two
6 ft triangles with base of 6, hypotenuse of 12, and
1
height of 6√3. 𝐴𝐴 = 12�6√3� ≈ 62.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
2
e. Scalene triangle with sides of 12 cm, 19 cm, and 21 cm.
1
12 cm 19 cm 𝑃𝑃 = 12 + 19 + 21 = 52; 𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑃 = 26
2
𝐴𝐴 = �26(26 − 21)(26 − 19)(26 − 12)

21 cm 𝐴𝐴 = 112.9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2. An isosceles triangle has base angles measuring 45°. Its short sides measure 10
cm. Calculate the height from the apex angle to the longest side. Find its area all
three ways.
If the base angles are 45°, the apex angle is 90°.
1
ℎ = 10√2 = 5√2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
2
10 cm 10 cm
h 𝑃𝑃 = 10 + 10 + 10√2 ≈ 34.1
1
𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑃 ≈ 17.1
2
h
10√2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
1 1
1. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = �10√2��5√2� = 50 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
1 1
2. 𝐴𝐴 = (10 ∙ 10) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 90° = (100)(1) = 50 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
3. 𝐴𝐴 = �17.1(17.1 − 10)(17.1 − 10)�17.1 − 10√2� ≈ 50.9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

Note: option 3 uses rounded off numbers, so the answer is slightly off.
84
Week 17: Day 4
1. Study the triangles and decide which of the congruency or similarity theorems to
use in a proof: SAS ≅, SSS ≅, AAS or ASA ≅, RHL ≅ or AA~.
a. RHL≅ b. AAS≅
c. AA~ d. SSS≅
2. Prove ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶

A B
D C
1. ��
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ∥ ��
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ; 1. 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺
𝑚𝑚∠𝐷𝐷 = 𝑚𝑚∠𝐵𝐵 = 90°
2. ∠𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 2. Alternate interior angles
�� ≅ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
3 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �� 3. Common side
4. ∴ ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 4. AAS ≅
85
1. Using letters a-f, put the steps in order to construct a line parallel to ��
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴.
𝑑𝑑 Measure the distance between the sides of the angle.

𝑏𝑏 Make an arc.
𝑒𝑒 Copy the distance to the new arc.
𝑐𝑐 Copy the arc to another point on the transversal.
𝑎𝑎 Draw a transversal.
𝑓𝑓 Draw a line to where two arcs cross.
2. Match each drawing to a correct description of the triangle.
a. b. c.
//
//
d. e. f.
𝑒𝑒 Scalene right triangle 𝑓𝑓 Acute isosceles triangle

𝑏𝑏 Obtuse scalene triangle 𝑎𝑎 Isosceles right triangle
𝑐𝑐 Equilateral triangle 𝑑𝑑 Obtuse isosceles triangle
3. The area of central triangle ∆𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 of this figure is 6 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2. ��

𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 is 4 cm. Find the
following: A
The midpoint theorem corollary states that these four
triangles are similar and congruent. D E
Also, the midpoint theorem states that ��
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 is half the
B /// F /// C
length of the parallel side, ��
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 .
86
1 1
Since the area of right ∆𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 6 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 = (��
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 )(��
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 ) = (4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)(��
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 ), we can
2 2
calculate that (��
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 ) = 3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 and that this is a 3-4-5 right triangle. ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 will be
two times that, or 6-8-10.
a. Area of trapezoid 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷: 18 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

b. Area of ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴: 24 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
c. Sides of ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴: 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 8 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
d. Sides of ∆𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷: 3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
4. State how you know the following triangles are congruent. Use the abbreviations
SAS, ASA, AAS, SSS, or RHL.
ASA or AAS
a. ASA b.
c. RHL d.
AAS
You may also notice that d. is

an isosceles triangle, making
the outside edges equal to the
center.
87
5. An equilateral triangle has one side equal to 10 cm. Calculate the height of the
triangle, and then show how to calculate the area of the triangle all three ways.
Keep any radicals in simplest form until the very end, and then round your
answer to one decimal place.
Recognize the height forms two 30-60-90 right

triangles, with a hypotenuse of 10, a leg of 5, and
60° a height of 5√3 because the 1: √3: 2 ratio.
ℎ = 5√3
1 1
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = (10)�5√3� = 25√3 = 43.3 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
𝑃𝑃 = 30 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐, 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

𝐴𝐴 = �𝑠𝑠(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑎𝑎)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑏𝑏)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑐𝑐 )
𝐴𝐴 = �15(5)(5)(5) = �(3 ∙ 5)(5)(5)(5) = 25√3 = 43.3 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
1
2
1
𝐴𝐴 = (10)(10) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 60 = 43.3 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2
88
A
�� ≅ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
6. Prove that 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ��:
B C
1. ∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷; 1. Given

∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
2. ��
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 ≅ ��
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 2. Common side
3. ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 3. ASA ≅
�� ≅ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
4. 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �� 4. CPCTC
The final step here is to remember that corresponding parts of congruent

triangles are congruent.
89
Week 18: Day 1
1. Make sure you have read the lesson thoroughly. If you skipped over parts, go
back and reread it. This is a critical part of studying for the semester final. Make
a list of the MIPs (the Most Important Points).
Answers may vary, but could include the following:
MIP 1: Dimensional awareness

Perimeter and Circumference are measured in one dimension
Area is always measured in squares (𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2, 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒. )
Volume is always measured in cubes (𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 , 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒. )
MIP 2: Perimeter and Area

P = add all sides
A = bh (half for triangles, avg for trapezoids, or ½ diagonals for kites)
MIP 3: Volume
V= Bh for prisms/cylinders
V=1/3 Bh for pyramids/cones
MIP 4: Surface Area

Blueprints: draw each shape individually and add the areas
Can Opener: draw the bases, and a rectangle with the perimeter as one
long side.
SA (prism/cylinder) = 2B+ Ph
SA (pyramid/cone) = 1B + ½ Ps
MIP 5: Circles
A = pi r squared
V = 4/3 pi r cubed
SA = 4 circles
90
2. Find the following measurements for each shape:
a. Prism with an equilateral triangle base. Each side of the

base measures 6 inches, and the height of the prism is 5
inches.
Area of the base:__________________

Volume of the prism:_________________
Total surface area: _________________
The half triangle is a 30-60-90 triangle. The sides

6 in 6 in are in a ratio of 1: √3: 2. The height = 3√3 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖.
h
60°
1 1
3 in 3 in 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = (6)�3√3� = 9√3 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2 2
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 9√3(5) = 45√3 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
The height for SA is the height of the prism:

𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃ℎ = 2�9√3� + (6 + 6 + 6)(5)
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 18√3 + 90 ≈ 121.2 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
91
b. Pyramid with a square base. Each side of the square measures 8 ft, and the
height of the pyramid is 6 ft.
Area of the base:__________________

Volume of the prism:_________________
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 8(8) = 64 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
1 1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (64)(6) = 128 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3 3
To find slant height, use the height of the pyramid

and half the side of the square as legs of a right triangle.
6 ft 62 + 42 = 𝑐𝑐 2
√52 = 𝑐𝑐 = 2√13 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
2
1
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 64 + (8 + 8 + 8 + 8)(2√13)
2
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 64 + 32√13 = 179.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
92
c. Basketball with a diameter of 75 cm.
Area of the central circle (in gray):__________________

Volume of the sphere:_________________
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 2 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
75
𝑟𝑟 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = 37.5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
2
𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋(37.5)2 = 1406.25 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 ≈ 4417.9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
4
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋(37.5)3 = 70312.5 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 ≈ 220,893.2 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3
3
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 4𝜋𝜋(37.5)2 ≈ 17671.5 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
93
Week 18: Day 2
1. Take out yesterday’s list of MIPs (Most Important Points) and add today’s MIPs
to it.
MIP 6: Supplements and Complements

Supplements add to 180 degrees. Examples include linear pairs and
the sum of the angles of a triangle.
Complements add to 90 degrees, like the acute angles of a right
triangle.
MIP 7: The Parallel Postulate

When parallel lines are crossed by a transversal (another line), it
forms multiple pairs of congruent angles (and multiple sets of
supplemental angles as well).
These include vertical angles, alternate interior angles, alternate
exterior angles, and corresponding angle.
MIP 8: Transformations
Three transformations preserve congruent shapes: Reflection (flip),
Translation (slide), and Rotation (turn).
One transformation creates similar shapes either larger or smaller than
the original: Dilation (scale).
MIP 9: Similarity
Similar figures have the same shape, but not the same size. That
includes angles, as well as sides having the same ratio.
MIP 10: The Pythagorean Theorem

𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 𝑐𝑐 2
94
2. Are the following triangles similar? Calculate the ratios to support your answer.
a. One has sides 4, 7, 10. The other has sides 5, 8, 11.
4
𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑡 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠:
5
7
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠:
8
10
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠:
11
4 7 10
𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁, 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠, 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 ≠ ≠ .
5 8 11
b. One has sides 5, 7, 9. The other has sides 10, 14, 18.
5 1
𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
10 2
7 1
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
14 2
9 1
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
18 2
1 1 1
𝑌𝑌𝑌𝑌𝑌𝑌, 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠, 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = = .
2 2 2
95
3. Find the missing angles. The blue lines are parallel.
a. b. 42 21
52 a 35 g
f
i
h
b c d e j k l
∠𝑎𝑎 = 93° ∠𝑑𝑑 = 35° ∠𝑔𝑔 = 63° ∠𝑗𝑗 = 21°

∠𝑏𝑏 = 128° ∠𝑒𝑒 = 145° ∠ℎ = 117° ∠𝑘𝑘 = 42°
∠𝑐𝑐 = 52° ∠𝑓𝑓 = 117° ∠𝑖𝑖 = 63° ∠𝑙𝑙 = 138°
∠𝑎𝑎 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 180 − 52 − 35 = 93°

∠𝑏𝑏 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 180 − 52 = 128°
∠𝑐𝑐 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 52°
∠𝑑𝑑 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 35°
∠𝑒𝑒 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑑𝑑 = 180 − 35 = 145°
∠𝑓𝑓 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 ∆= 180 − 42 − 21 = 117°

∠𝑔𝑔 = 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ ∠𝑓𝑓 = 180 − 117 = 63°
∠ℎ = 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ∠𝑓𝑓 = 117°
∠𝑖𝑖 = 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ∠𝑔𝑔 = 63°
∠𝑗𝑗 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 21°
∠𝑘𝑘 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 42°
∠𝑙𝑙 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 ∠𝑘𝑘 = 180 − 42 = 138°
96
4. A farmer needs to construct a silo from flat panels instead of curved ones. He
chose an octagon shape to maximize his storage capacity. The top is slanted like
a steeple in order to let rain roll off. The height from the base to the apex of the
pyramid is 4 feet. The height of the prism is 6 ft. The sides of the octagon are all
the same, and the other measurements are printed on the diagram (next page).
a. What does each side of the octagon measure?
b. What is the area of the octagon base?
c. What is the combined volume of the two parts?
d. What is the combined (lateral) surface area of the two parts?
3 ft x 3 ft
3 ft x x 3 ft
x x
h=6 ft h=4 ft
3 ft x x 3 ft
3 ft x 3 ft
This problem exercises the skills you learned for shapes, as well as your
knowledge of the Pythagorean theorem.
a. Focus on the tiny right triangle at each corner in the middle diagram.
This is an isosceles 45-45-90 right triangle.
3 ft x
Its sides are in ratio 1: 1: √2.
3ft
The sides of the octagon are each 𝑥𝑥 = 3√2.
97
b. The area of the octagon base:
3 ft x 3 ft
3 ft x x 3 ft
x x
3 ft x x 3 ft
3 ft x 3 ft
= – 4( )
The side of the square is 3 ft +x+3 ft. 3 + 3 + 3√2 = 6 + 3√2 ≈ 10.2

2
The area of the square is �6 + 3√2� ≈ 104.9
The base and height of the triangles are both 3 ft.
1 1
The area of the triangle is 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 3 ∙ 3 = 4.5
2 2
The area of the square minus four triangle areas equals:
104.9 − 4(4.5) = 86.9 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
c. The combined volume of the two parts:
𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = 86.9(6) = 521.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3

1 1
𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (86.9)(4) ≈ 115.9 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
3 3
𝑉𝑉(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 521.4 + 115.9 ≈ 637.3 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3
98
d. The combined lateral surface areas:
3 ft x 3 ft
3 ft x x 3 ft
x x
h=6 ft h=4 ft
3 ft x x 3 ft
3 ft x 3 ft
For this, we need the perimeter of the octagon, and the slant height of the
pyramid. We calculated x in part a above. 𝑥𝑥 = 3√2
𝑃𝑃 = 8𝑥𝑥 = 8�3√2� ≈ 33.9 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
4 ft s= slant height
Calculate the triangle base to use Pythagorean
½ (3+x+3)
theorem:
1
(3 + 3√2 + 3) ≈ 5.1 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
2
𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 𝑐𝑐 2
42 + 5.12 = 𝑠𝑠 2
16 + 26 = 𝑠𝑠 2
𝑠𝑠 = √42 ≈ 6.5
Lateral surface area uses just the sides, not the bases.
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝑃𝑃ℎ = 33.9(6) ≈ 203.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) = 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 = 33.9(6.5) ≈ 220.4 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 203.4 + 220.4 ≈ 423.8 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2
99
Week 18: Day 3
1. Take out your list of MIPs (Most Important Points) and add today’s MIPs to it.
MIP 11: SAS and friends

Ways to prove triangles congruent include SAS, SSS, AAS/ASA, and
RHL.
Two related concepts are AA (similarity) and CPCTC.
MIP 12: The Midpoint Theorem

If midpoints of a triangle are joined, you get four congruent triangles,
parallel lines, and the midlines are half the bases.
MIP 13: The Isosceles Theorem

If a triangle is isosceles, the base angles are equal, the opposite sides
are equal, and the height bisects the base and the apex angle.
MIP 14: Triangle Formulas

1
• 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = 𝑏𝑏ℎ
2
• 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡) = �𝑠𝑠(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑎𝑎)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑏𝑏)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑐𝑐 )

1
• 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴(∆ 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤ℎ 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆) = (𝑆𝑆 ∙ 𝑆𝑆) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝐴𝐴
2
MIP 15: Trigonometry Ratios

• 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 ∠𝑥𝑥 =
• 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ∠𝑥𝑥 =
• 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 ∠𝑥𝑥 =
𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒
100
Week 18: Day 4 – Semester Final, Part 1
Match the shape to its Area formula. Some formulas may be used more than once.
The last two choices are for Perimeter. Each question 1–9 should also receive
either choice g or choice h, for a total of two letters for each number.
𝑒𝑒, ℎ 1. circle a. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
1
𝑑𝑑, 𝑔𝑔 2. kite b. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
2
𝑎𝑎, 𝑔𝑔 3. parallelogram, c. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑏𝑏 ∙ ℎ
𝑓𝑓, 𝑔𝑔 4. quadrilateral 1
d. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑑𝑑1 ∙ 𝑑𝑑2
2
𝑎𝑎, 𝑔𝑔 5. rectangle
e. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 2
𝑎𝑎, 𝑔𝑔 6. rhombus
f. No formula
𝑎𝑎, 𝑔𝑔 7. square
g. 𝑃𝑃 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑐𝑐, 𝑔𝑔 8. trapezoid
h. 𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
𝑏𝑏, 𝑔𝑔 9. triangle
Find the following if the radius is 5 inches.Leave your answer as a product of 𝜋𝜋.
10 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 11. Circumference around the middle circle.
𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋(5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖) = 10 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
25 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 12. Area of the circle through the center.

𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋(5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)2 = 25 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
2
166 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 13. Volume of the sphere.
3
4 2
𝑉𝑉 = 𝜋𝜋(5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)3 = 166 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3
3 3
100 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 14. Surface area of the sphere.

𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 4𝜋𝜋(5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)2 = 100 𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
Grading note: if the units are wrong, only give half credit. This is one of the MIPs
from this semester.
101
Tell whether these triangles are similar by finding the ratios of their sides.
𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 15. Triangle 1: 14 cm, 19 cm, 23 cm. Triangle 2: 7 in, 9.5 in, 11.5 in.
In this case, the differing units are a distraction. The ratios are still the same.
14 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
7 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
9.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
11.5 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 16. Triangle 1: 8 ft, 8 ft, 12 ft. Triangle 2: 6 ft, 6 ft, 9 ft.
8 4
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠: =
6 3
12 4
9 3
The rest of this page is intentionally left blank. The answer key continues on the
next page.
102
Pictured are the four types of transformations we learned. On the blank, write the
technical name for the transformation, as well as the nickname we used to describe
it. Use the word bank.
Word Bank:
Dilation Flip
Reflection Scale
Translation Turn
17. Reflection – Flip Rotation Slide
18. Translation – Slide
19. Rotation – Turn
20. Dilation – Scale
103
Find the missing angles:
x= 56° 21. x+12 y= 52° 22. 52°

x+14= 70° z= 38°
x x y
z
𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + (𝑥𝑥 + 12) = 180°
52 + 𝑧𝑧 = 90°
Why are these angles congruent? (You will only use three of the choices.)
𝑐𝑐. 23.
a. Alternate interior angles
b. Alternate exterior angles
c. Corresponding angles
d. Vertical angles
e. Consecutive interior angles
𝑑𝑑. 24.
𝑎𝑎. 25.
104
Week 18: Day 5 – Semester Final, Part 2
Match the formulas to the correct measurement. You may use some letters more
than once.
a. = 4𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
𝑐𝑐 1. 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝)
1
𝑒𝑒 2. 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) b. = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ
3
𝑎𝑎 3. 𝑆𝑆. 𝐴𝐴.(𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒)
𝑑𝑑 4. 𝑉𝑉(𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒) c. = 2𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ ℎ
𝑓𝑓 5. 𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝)
𝟒𝟒
𝑓𝑓 6. 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) d. = 𝜋𝜋 𝑟𝑟 3
𝟑𝟑
𝑓𝑓 7. 𝑉𝑉(𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝)
1
𝑏𝑏 8. 𝑉𝑉(𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝) e. = 𝐵𝐵 + 𝑃𝑃 ∙ 𝑠𝑠
2
𝑏𝑏 9. 𝑉𝑉(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)
f. = 𝐵𝐵 ∙ ℎ
Find the missing dimensions for the following. Leave all radicals in surd form, and
leave pi as a variable.
_______10. A square has an area of 200 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 . Find the side of the square.
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = 200 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2
𝑏𝑏 = ℎ = √200 = √100 ∙ √2 = 10√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
_______11. Using the side of the square above, find the length of its diagonal.
10√2 Using the Pythagorean Theorem:
2 2
�10√2� + �10√2� = 𝑐𝑐 2
10√2 𝑐𝑐 = √400 = √4 ∙ √100 = 2 ∙ 10 = 20 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
105
_______12. A circle has an area of 24 𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 . Find its radius.
𝐴𝐴 = 24𝜋𝜋 = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
𝑟𝑟 = √24 = √4 ∙ √6 = 2√6 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
_______13. A cereal box has a volume of 324 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛3 . If the bottom is a 3 by 9

rectangle, what is its height?
𝑉𝑉 = 324 = 3 ∙ 9 ∙ ℎ
ℎ = 12 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
_______14. A cone has a volume of 375 𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 . If it is 25 cm high, find its radius.
1 1
𝑉𝑉 = 𝐵𝐵ℎ = (𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2)ℎ
3 3
1
375𝜋𝜋 = (𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 )25
3
45 = 𝑟𝑟 2
𝑟𝑟 = √45 = √9 ∙ √5 = 3√5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
Match the following Pythagorean triples or multiples. You may use some choices
more than once.
Example: a triangle with sides 14 − 48 − 50 is a multiple of a 7 − 24 − 25 triple.
𝑏𝑏, 𝑑𝑑 15. 3−4−5 a. 10 − 24 − 26

𝑐𝑐 16. 4 − 4 − 4√2 b. 12 − 16 − 20
𝑓𝑓 17. 5 − 5√3 − 10 c. 1 − 1 − √2
𝑎𝑎, 𝑒𝑒 18. 5 − 12 − 13 d. 6 − 8 − 10
𝑐𝑐 19. 7 − 7 − 7√2 e. 20 − 48 − 52
𝑓𝑓 20. 13 − 13√3 − 26 f. 1 − √3 − 2
106
𝑐𝑐 21. Which of the letters above represents a 45° − 45° − 90° right triangle?
𝑓𝑓 22. Which of the letters above represents a 30° − 60° − 90° right triangle?
Find the missing side of the right triangle:
2√14 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐23. Leg a equals 4 cm, and leg b equals 2√10 cm. Find the hypotenuse.
2
42 + �2√10� = 𝑐𝑐 2
16 + 40 = 𝑐𝑐 2
𝑐𝑐 = √56 = √4 ∙ √14 = 2√14 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
10√2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓24. A 15 foot ladder is leaning against a building. The bottom is 5 feet
away from the perpendicular wall. How high does the ladder reach?
52 + 𝑏𝑏2 = 152
𝑏𝑏 = √200 = 10√2 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
Word Problems:
25. An equilateral triangle has one side that measures 8 cm. Find its area. Extra
credit for finding the area using all three formulas.
8 cm The height of the 30-60-90 right triangle is 4√3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.

1 1
1. 𝐴𝐴 = 𝑏𝑏ℎ = (8)�4√3� ≅ 27.7 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
2 2
60°
4 cm 1
2. 𝑃𝑃 = 8 + 8 + 8 = 24 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐; 𝑠𝑠 = 2 𝑃𝑃 = 12 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝐴𝐴 = �𝑠𝑠(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑎𝑎)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑏𝑏)(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑐𝑐 ) = �12(12 − 8)(12 − 8)(12 − 8) ≈ 27.7 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
1
3. 𝐴𝐴 = 2 (8 ∙ 8) 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 60° ≈ 27.7 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
107
26. Draw a kite with its diagonals. These form several triangles. Mark all of the
parts you know are either congruent or perpendicular. Using the Triangle
Congruencies we learned (SAS ≅ and so on), describe which triangles within the
kite are congruent, and give reasons for how you know.
/
///
//
The adjacent sides of a kite are congruent by definition. The diagonals are
perpendicular, also by definition. Therefore the triangles formed by the long
diagonal are congruent by 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 ≅.
You can extend that to the four small triangles as well. Since each of the
triangles on the left and right of the short diagonal are isosceles by
definition, and since the diagonals are perpendicular, we know that the two
on the left are congruent, and the two on the right are congruent, by RHL.
(The parts marked in blue are congruent by common sides.)
//// ///
108
You may have noticed that the question in #26 above provided a plan for the
formal proof below.
27. Using your drawing of the kite, prove that the base angles of the triangles
formed by the short diagonal are congruent.
C
Prove ∠𝑎𝑎 = ∠𝑏𝑏: a b

D X F
1. Kite CDEF 1. 𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺𝐺
2. ��
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ⊥ ��
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ; ��
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ≅ ��
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 2. Definition of 𝑎𝑎 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
�� E
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ≅ 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
�� ≅ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
3. 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 �� 3. 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 side
4. ∆𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 4. 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 ≅
5. ��
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 ≅ ��
𝑋𝑋𝑋𝑋 5. 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
6. ∆𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 6. 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 ≅
7. ∠𝑎𝑎 = ∠𝑏𝑏 7. 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
�� ≅ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
Step 5 could also have listed 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 �� (common side) and still used RHL ≅,
bypassing the need for the large triangle congruency. However, this proof was
designed to test a number of skills, including how to compare parts of triangles.
109

Geometry in Real Life Quarter 2 Answer Key 7-10-22

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Geometry in Real Life Quarter 2 Answer Key 7-10-22

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Geometry in Real Life

Week 10: Day 1

1. Add to your Geometry Notes definitions page: Pythagorean Triple, Hypotenuse,

1. Add to your List of Properties: The Pythagorean Theorem.

2. Given these two legs of a triangle, find the hypotenuse:

b. 8 in and 15 in 82 + 152 = 𝑐𝑐 2 64 + 225 = 𝑐𝑐 2

c. 7 cm and 24 cm 72 + 242 = 𝑐𝑐 2 49 + 576 = 𝑐𝑐 2

a. 29 in and 21 in 292 = 212 + 𝑎𝑎2 841 − 441 = 𝑎𝑎2

b. 41 cm and 40 cm 412 = 402 + 𝑎𝑎2 1681 − 1600 = 𝑎𝑎2

The three sides are 8 ft, 15 ft, and 17 ft.

b. 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 84 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 ; 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = 7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

The three sides are 7 ft, 24 ft, and 25 ft.

5. When the measurement of every side of a right triangle is an integer, we call

12 = 1 62 = 36 112 = 121 13 = 1 63 = 216

4. Given the area of a square, find the sides.

a. 𝐴𝐴 = 225 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 √225 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

b. 𝐴𝐴 = 49 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 �49 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 = 7 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓

c. 𝐴𝐴 = 200 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 √200 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 = 10√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

1. Simplify the radicals as far as possible:

2. Multiply or divide the radicals:

a. The area of a circle is 𝐴𝐴 = 81𝜋𝜋 𝑖𝑖𝑛𝑛2 . What is the radius?

b. The area of a circle is 𝐴𝐴 = 24𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 2 . What is the radius?

c. The area of a circle is 𝐴𝐴 = 500𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2. What is the radius?

e. The volume of a sphere is 𝑉𝑉 = 288𝜋𝜋 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚3 . What is the radius?

1. Matching: which of these (ab)surd expressions can be added?

𝑏𝑏 14√2 a. √99 = √9 ∙ 11 = √32 ∙ 11 = 3√11

5√30 5 √10∙ 3 5 √10∙ 3 5

4√75 4 √25 ∙ 3 4 √52 ∙ 3 4∙5√3 4∙5√3 5

d. √18 ∙ √12 = √9 ∙ 2 ∙ √4 ∙ 3 = √32 ∙ 2 ∙ √22 ∙ 3 = 3√2 ∙ 2√3 = 6√6

a. The two legs are 14 and 48.

b. The short leg is 16 and the hypotenuse is 34.

c. The hypotenuse is 39 and the long leg is 36.

d, The two legs are 39 and 52.

b. Triangle 1: 10, 24, and 26 Triangle 2: 25, 60, and 65

Draw each of the following and find the missing sides:

2. The hypotenuse of a 45-45-90 triangle measures 6√2 m. Find the sides.

3. In a 30-60-90 right triangle, the three angles are in a ratio of 1: 2: 3. In other

1. Add to your Geometry Notes other formulas page:

Add to your List of Properties:

a. (2, –5) and (–4, 7) in yellow:

b. (–1, –3) and (5, 2) in blue:

c. (6, 3) and (–4, 1) in green: distance x = 10; distance y = 2

a. (–1, 1) and (5, –2)

b. (6, –7) and (2, 3)

c. (13, –4) and (–2, 4)

a. a 45-45-90 triangle with a short side of 8

Draw a picture to begin each problem. The first has been

1. If side a of Garfield’s trapezoid equals 4 inches, and

If the hypotenuse is double the side of a right triangle, it’s a 30-60-90

Meanwhile, the middle triangle has equal legs,

16 + 36 = 𝑐𝑐 2 ; √52 = 𝑐𝑐 = √4 ∙ 13 = 2√13 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

3√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 6 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 √18 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 = √9 ∙ 2 = 3√2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

14 cm If the hypotenuse of a right triangle is double the

5. The volume of a sphere is 72 𝜋𝜋 𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡 3 . Find its radius.

a. Sides are 7.5, 10, and 12.5 in.

a: 𝐴𝐴 = 25 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 ∙ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

b. This is a Pythagorean triple: 8-15-17. Side b = 15 ft.

c. ∠𝑎𝑎 = 90° − 60° = 30°

2. Find the missing sides of the following right triangles: