CPAR
Art is a tool for communication. Whether it
is a painting or a performance, as
long as it is a venue for one to convey or
express thoughts, emotions, or
aspiration,
Contemporary art is defined as the art of
the “now”. These are the
artworks that are produced in the present.
Integrative art different art categories can
be put together to produce an
integrative or combined art.
Visual arts art forms that create works that
are primarily visual in nature.
Contemporary Theater Forms
- Absurd
- Stage Show
- Brechtian Theater
- Children’s Theater
- Melodrama
- Dramatic Monologue
- Tula-dula
- Political Theater
- Musical Theater
- Realism
Architecture
American Colonial and Contemporary
Period - modern western architectural
style
• Simple • Rational • Functional
Antonio Toledo, Carlos Barreto and
Juan Arellano.
Juan Arellano – designed the Metropolitan
Theater and experimented with
romanticism.
After World War II - real estate.
Two-story houses. Condominiums
Marcos Era - amusement centers,
convention centers,
expressways, high-rise buildings,
hospitals, hotels, malls, etc. Technological
advancement. Architectural styles in the
urban. Eco-cultural tourism. Theme parks
and resorts. Cultural heritage
preservation..
Literature
Poetry during the contemporary period,
publication of young poets to campus
journals emerged.
Bagay Movement - Jose F. Lacaba,
Rolando Tino, Bienvenido Lumbera,
Antonio Samson and
Edmundo Martinez. Uses colloquial
language and is
built on concrete images that describe
experiences.
Contemporary Philippine Literature was a
mixture of a variety of
subjects. It is also a product of different
innovative techniques of writers.
Contemporary Music Forms
- Kundiman and Harana
- Ballad
- Chamber Music
- Choral Music
- Liturgical Music
- Opera
- Pop Music
- Protest Songs
Contemporary Dance Forms
- Folk Dance
- Street Dance
Different Era/Tradition
Ethnic Tradition - primarily influenced by
the geographical location and the
experiences of the Filipinos.
Spanish Colonial Tradition - when the
Spaniards came they tend to replace
indigenous arts with Western art forms.
American Colonial and Contemporary
Traditions
BenCab worked with realism and
experimental devices.
Ang Kiukok painted in expressionistic
cubistic style.
Kidlat Tahimik - one of the known
independent film directors
New young directors rose and started the
so-called new cinema. Lino Brocka, Celso
Ad, and Ishmael Bernal.
Abstractionism is a style of painting, and
of art in general, that rejects the realistic
portrayal of the world around us.
Cubism shows fragmented figures in
larger planes, color harmonies, and
texture.
Surrealism explored the world of dream.
Fauvism
Magic realism painting style showing
minute details of the subjects and
highlighting their texture and color.
Expressionism express emotional
experience, rather than physical reality.
Philippine National Artists
Antonio Buenaventura - researched on
and popularized Philippine Folk songs
and dances in 1935.
Guillermo Tolentino - premier sculptor and
esteemed professor at the UP.
Victorio Edades - “Father of
Modern Philippine Painting”.
Leonor Goquinco - “Trailblazer,” “Mother of
Philippine Theater Dance,” and “Dean of
Filipino Performing Arts Critics”
Severino Montano - Titan of the Philippine
Theater.
Arturo Luz - expresses himself
in many different visual art forms.
established the Luz
Gallery that paved the way for the
professionalization of the gallery
system in the country.
Levi Celerio - started violin at 11.one of
the most prolific composers and
lyricist in the history of Philippine
music, having authored more than
4,000 songs.
Joce Maceda - career focused on
understanding and popularizing Filipino
traditional music.
Presidential Proclamation - The
Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng
Pilipinas or the National Artist of the
Philippines is the highest recognition the
Phil. Government can give to a person
of the arts. The award was created
through Presidential Proclamation No.
1001,s. 1972
CSS
Effects of Computers
1. Violation of Privacy - It is crucial that
personal and confidential records be
protected properly.
2. Impact on Labor Force - Although
computers have improved productivity in
many ways and created an entire industry
with hundreds of thousands of new jobs,
the skills of millions of workers and
managers have been replaced by
computers
3. Health Risks - Prolonged or improper
computer use can lead to injuries or
disorders of the hands, wrists, elbows,
eyes, necks, and back
4. Public Safety - Adults, teen, and
children around the world are using
computers to share publicly their photos,
videos, journals, music, and other
personal information.
5. Impact on Environment - Computer
manufacturing processes and computer
waste are depleting natural resources and
polluting the environment.
Types of Computer
1. Supercomputer - front-line of current
processing capacity, particularly speed of
calculation.
2. Mainframe Computer - capable of
handling and processing very large
amounts of data quickly.
3. Minicomputer - class of multi-user
computers.
4. Microcomputer - based on single chip
microprocessors.
Other Types of Computer
Workstation Computer - high-end personal
computer between microcomputers and
minicomputers. - laptops and PCs
Server Computer - high-end personal
computer between microcomputers and
minicomputers. - software and hardware
Parts of Computer
1. The computer case - make fitting a
motherboard, wiring, and drives.
• Very small form factor: Supports Mini ITX
motherboards
• Small form factor: Supports micro ATX
motherboards.
• Standard form factor: Supports standard
ATX motherboards.
• Larger form factors: Supports ATX and
XL-ATX motherboards.
2. Motherboard - "mainboard"
integrating all the physical components to
communicate and operate together.
3. Central Processing Unit - "brain of the
computer" processes all the information
on a computational level.
4. Random Access Memory (RAM) -
provide fast read and write access.
5. Hard Disk Drive(HDD) - is to store all
the data of the computer.
6. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - It is part of
the computer that converts alternating
current (AC) to Direct current (DC).
Other Parts of Computer
1. Sound Card - allow the use of audio
components.
2. Graphics Card - also called a video
card, display card, graphics adapter, GPU,
VGA card/VGA, video adapter, or display
adapter ->> expansion card (computer
monitor).
3. Solid State Drive - type of hard drive,
doesn’t have moving parts. It consists of a
bank of flash memory .
Hand Tools
1. Flat Head Screwdriver - used to loosen
or tighten slotted ( - )screws.
2. Philips Head Screwdriver - used to
loosen or tighten crosshead (+) screws.
3. Torx Screwdriver - used to loosen or
tighten screws that have a star-like head.
4. Hex Driver - "nut driver" is used to
tighten nuts.
5. Needle-Nose Plier - Used to hold small
parts and bend wire.
6. Wire Cutter - used to strip and cut
wires.
7. Tweezers - used to manipulate small
parts.
8. Flashlight - used to light up areas that
you cannot see well.
Cleaning Tools- is essential when
maintaining or repairing computers.
1. Lint-Free Cloth - used to clean different
computer without scratching.
2. Compressed Air - used to blow away
dust.
3. Cable Ties - used to bundle cables
neatly.
4. Parts Organizer - used to hold screw,
jumpers, fasteners and other small parts.
Diagnostic Tools - Computers are easier to
use and more dependable with each new
generation of hardware and operating
system update.
1. Multimeter - used to test the integrity of
circuits.
2. Loopback Adapter - used to test the
functionality of computer ports.
3. Network Tester - used to test the
performance of your network cables.
Computer Chip - small piece of
semiconducting material.
Integrated Circuit (IC) - many microscopic
pathways. Integrated circuits can contain
millions of elements resistors, capacitors,
and transistors.
Computer System - special subsystem of
an organization. It is an integrated
assembly of devices.
Computer System Hardware - functions of
input, processing, data storage.
Computer- is an electronic machine
MIL
Media - a term which covers all the means
of communication
Information - news or knowledge received
or given.
Literacy - ability to read, write, speak and
listen
Prehistoric Age: (1500 BC – 1500 AD)
Industrial Age: (1700s – 1930s)
Electronic Age: (1930s – 1980s)
Digital Age: (1900s-2000s)
Pagsulat
Akademiko - Latin “academicus”
- Edukasyon, institusyon na nakatuon sa
pag-aaral.
- Intelektwal na pagsulat
Akademikong Pagsulat - Ang masinop at
sistematikong pagsulat ukol sa isang
karanasang panlipunan
Katangian ng Akademikong Pagsulat
1. Pormal
2. Obhetibo
3. May Paninindigan
4. May Pananagutan
5. May Kalinawan
Pagsulat - sistema ng komunikasyong
interpersonal
- continuum proces
- nangangailangan ito ng kasanayan o
skill.
Mga Bahagi ng Pagsulat
1. Paksa bilang Panimula
2. Nilalaman bilang katawan
3. Lagom at Konklusyon bilang wakas
Proseso ng Pagsulat
1. Bago Sumulat - brainstorming
2. Habang Sumusulat - naisusulat ang
unang borador
3. Pagkatapos Sumulat - ginagawa ang
mga pagbabago
Abstrak - uri ng lagom na karaniwang
ginagamit sa pagsulat ng
mga akademikong papel
Uri ng Abstrak
1. Deskriptibo
-Pangunahing ideya ng teksto
-Kuwalitatibong Pananaliksik
2. Impormatibo
-Mahahalagang punto ng teksto
-Kuwantitatibong pananaliksik
Sintesis (synthesis) ay nagmula sa
salitang Griyego na syntithenai na ang ibig
sabihin sa Ingles ay put together o
combine
Tatlong Uri ng Pagsunod-sunod ng Ideya
1. Sekwensyal
2. Kronolohikal
3. Prosidyural
PE
FITT
Frequency - how often
Intensity - how hard
Time - how long
Type - what kind
Kyphosis -spine injury that causes the
spine to increasingly curve from front to
back.
Scoliosis - spine injury that causes the
spine to curve either left or right.
Lordosis - spine injury that causes the
spine to curve inward that typically affects
lower back.
Proper Posture in Dancing - essential to
dancers as it makes them appear more
elegant and confident, it also improves
overall balance and body control.
Stress Fracture - localized cracks in
bones due to repeated stress on one area
of bone caused by dancing on unsuitable
floors and poor alignment
Folk Dance - a style of dance that
expresses a past or present culture in a
recreational way and it is created by a
group of people that depicts the way of life
in a particular nation or region
Francisca Reyes Aquino - the country’s
pioneer researcher on traditional
Philippine folk dances and music and
known as the mother of Philippine Folk
Dancing
Idudu - Philippine folk dance describes the
daily lives of the tribe and it presents a
typical Itneg/Tinggian couple who turns in
to take care of their children while doing
their daily work in the fields
Banga - performed with Kalinga women
showing their agility in balancing the
banga
Cariñosa - dance of colonial-era origin
from the Maria Clara suite of Philippine
folk dances - fan and handkerchief
Tinikling - emulates the movement of the
tikling birds
Pandanggo sa Ilaw - popular dance of
grace and balance from Lubang Island,
Mindoro in the Visayas region. - balancing
three lighted oil lamps or tinghoy
Asik - solo slave dance from Mindanao
that is usually done before the
performance of singkil
Singkil - based on the story in the
Darangen, the pre-Islamic Maranao
interpretation of the ancient Hindu Indian
epic, the Ramayana
T’boli -
It is a ritual dance used to appease the
gods, solicit good harvest etc.
Fundamental Positions
Feet Position
1st - Heels together 45 degrees
2nd - Feet apart about one foot away from
each other
3rd - Right heel close to the left in-step.
4th - Right foot placed in front of the foot
about one foot away from each other
5th - Right heel close to the left big toe.
Arm Position
1st -Both arms are raised in front of chest
with rounded elbows.
2nd - Arms are opened sideward with
rounded elbows.
3rd - Right arm is raised above the head
and left arm is maintained in second
position.
4th - Right arm is maintained above the
head and left arm is placed in first
position.
5th - Both arms are raised above the head
with rounded elbows.
Contemporary Dance
What do you call a dance that values
originality and characterized by flexibility
of movement, fluidity
Merce Cunninngham - father of
contemporary dance
Street Dance - dance style that evolved
outside dance studios
Martha Graham -her innovative style laid
much of the groundwork for the
contemporary dance movement
Sadora Duncan - Mother of Modern Dance
Ruth St. - American choreographer who
created the concept of music visualization
Ballroom Dance - conventional partnered
dance styles performed by a couple,
Modern Dance - form of dance that does
away with many of the strict conventions
of classical ballet and instead emphasizes
the expression of inner sentiments.
Ballet - theatrical genre of dance with
extremely regimented postures
Ballet Dancers - use pantomime to clarify
the movement
Jazz Dance - incorporated unique moves,
elaborate foot work, large leaps, rapid
turns, and imaginative improvisation to
bring an energetic and entertaining
experience.
Traditional Middle Eastern
dancing was formerly known by
the westernized label "Belly
dance."
Hiphop Dance - A dance that is an
extremely energetic as it gives the
dancers opportunity to express
themselves and bring their own
personality to the performance.
Freestyle Dance - the dancer improvises
his/her moves on the spot.
Physics - branch of science that require
measurements.
Physical Quantity - any number used to
describe a physical phenomenon
(quantitatively)
Measurement - used to quantify and
compare various physical quantities
Metric System - system of measurement
with an official status in nearly every
country in the world
Scientific Notation - A way of expressing
numbers that are too big or too small.
Accuracy - Reflects on HOW CLOSE a
measurement is to a known or accepted
value / actual value.
Precision - The degree of EXACTNESS
and is repeatable and reliable in
measurement.
Distance (d) - refers to how much ground
an object has covered.
Displacement - Refers to how far out of
place an object is.
Speed (s) - Refers to rate of how fast/slow
an object moves
Time (t) - the measured or measurable
period during which an action, process, or
condition exists or continues
Velocity (v) - Refers to the rate at which an
object changes its position.
Acceleration (a) - An object in which the
velocity changes in either magnitude
(speed) or direction or both.
Terminal Velocity - the maximum velocity
attained by an object falling through a
fluid.
Kinematics - study of giving numerical
values of Motion / study of quantifying
motion
Motion - a phenomenon in which an object
changes position over time.
Horizontal Motion - motion in a horizontal
plane
Vertical Motion (Free Fall) - A body of
motion where gravity is the only force
acting upon it.
Projectile Motion - motion of an object
projected or thrown in the air
3 Laws of Motion (Isaac Newton)
1. Law of Inertia - an object at rest
remains at rest unless acted upon by an
external force
- Inertia of Rest - Motion - Direction
2. Law of Force and Acceleration - the
greater force you apply to the object, the
faster it accelerates/greater will be the
object's acceleration; but the more mass
the object has, the lesser its acceleration.
3. Law of Action and Reaction - for every
action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
Force (F) - the push or pull on an object
with mass causes it to change its velocity
Contact Force - The forces which acts
directly through a contactor
Applied Force - a force that is applied to
an object by a body or another object.
Normal Force - an everyday force that is
felt when a surface pushes against an
object that is placed on that surface.
Tension Force (Tension) - force that pulls
on an object from two opposite directions.
Spring Force (Spring/Restoring Force) -
force exerted by spring to restore its
relaxed state
Frictional Force (Friction) - occurs
whenever two forces rub/touch/in contact
against each other. - kinetic - static
Non-contact Force - The force which acts
without any contactor
Magnetic Force (Magnet) - a force that a
magnet exerts on metallic materials, could
be repulsion or attraction
Electric Force (Electricity/Electrostatic) -
the force of repulsion or attraction
interaction between any two charged
bodies
Gravitational Force (Gravity) - a force that
attracts any two objects with mass, and
will never pushes apart
Work - the energy transferred to or from Characteristics of a good background of
an object via the application of force along the study
a distance/displacement 1. Concise - not be written too long
2. Clear - simple easy to understand
PR 2 words
Inquiry - quest for truth, information or 3. Persuasive - written in a way that will
knowledge through questioning. convince readers
Research - acquisition of new knowledge Narrative Hooks - causes the readers to
through a purposive, organized and pay attention
designed program of activities.
Qualitative Research – gain an
understanding of underlying reasons,
opinions, motivations, and in-depth
insights.
Quantitative Research - quantify the
problem by way of generating numerical
data and creates statistical analysis.
Types of Quantitative Research
Descriptive Research - describe the
current status of an identified variable.
Correlational Research - determine the
extent of a relationship between two or
more variables
Experimental Research - uses scientific
method to establish the cause-effect
relationship.
Causal-Comparative/Quasi-Experimental -
the independent variable is identified but
not manipulated by the experimenter
Research Topic - it may stem from an
idea, problem or issue that evokes your
personal curiosity or interest. - The topic
may be a real problem or issue that you
are assigned to investigate or in
order to come up with potential solutions
Sources of Potential Research Topic
Personal Sources - these topics are
influenced by the individuals’ perspectives,
inclinations, and values.
Non-scholarly Sources - these sources
provide the researchers information on
current affairs and
political, social, economic, or cultural
issues.
Scholarly Sources - these typically provide
comprehensive and systematic coverage
of their subject matter.
Steps in Developing a Research Topic
1. Choose a broad topic
2. Do a preliminary research
3. Define the problem
4. Refine the question
Importance of Research across fields
Governance - the government can gather
statistics released by the Philippine
Statistical Authority
Business -, quantitative research is utilized
to collect and analyze
information on customer preference
Environment - solving environmental
problems.
Variables - Is an object, event, idea,
feeling, time period, or any other type of
category which can be measured
Independent Variable - This causes
changes in a phenomenon or
situation.
Dependent Variable - It changes when the
independent variable varies. - effect
Research Questions - It is a specific
inquiry. - A good research question gives
your readers a good idea of what is your
research all about.
Rationale renders an exposition of the
situation that has made the study
necessary.