MENTAL MATHS

CLASS - IV
ENGLISH
 Chief Advisor and Coordinator
Anita Satia, Director SCERT, New Delhi

Material Production Team

Anita Satia, Director, SCERT, New Delhi

Poonam Batra, Principal, GGSSS No. 1, East of Kailash, New Delhi

Sandhya Pasricha, Vice-Principal Retd., Directorate of Education, Delhi

Smt. Sushma Sharma, TGT, VSSKV No. 1, Kalkaji, Delhi

Smt. Vandna Arora, TGT, GGSSS, B-27, Trilok Puri, Delhi

Smt. Rajni Salhotra, Assistant Teacher, SKV, Kondli, Delhi

Smt. Madhurlata Gupta, Assistant Teacher, B-27, Trilok Puri, Delhi

Technical Support

Poonam Virmani, Vice-Principal, VSSKV, No. 1, Kalkaji, New Delhi

Cover-Page Designed by:

Chander Mohini Shekhar, PGT, Priyadarshini SKV, Fathepur Beri, New Delhi

Publication Incharge

Sapna Yadav, SCERT, New Delhi

Publication Team

Naveen Kumar, Radha, Jai Bhagwan

Published by: State Council of Education Research & Training, New Delhi
Printed at:
Contents

1. Play with Patterns 1

2. Numbers 10
3. Addition and Subtraction 17
4. Tick Tick Tick 24
5. Multiplication 30
6. Shapes and Views 35
7. Division 44
8. Money 49
9. Length 55
10. Capacity 61
11. Weight 67
12. Fields and Fences 74
13. Fractions 80
14. Smart Charts 90
Miscellaneous Exercise 99
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 1

Play with Patterns

(Refer to the chapter # 1, 9 and 10 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
• A pattern is the set of shapes, numbers or objects that are repeating
again and again.
• Different kinds of patterns are—
• Number Pattern
For example:

3 6 9 12 15
.................

• Alphabet Pattern
For example:

AB CD EF GH IJ .................

• Design Pattern
For example:

1
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

• Picture Pattern
For example:
.................

• Mixed Pattern
For example:

2A 4B 6C 8D 10E 12F .........

Questions
1. Observe the pattern and fill in the missing numbers:
6 10 .....
2 4 7 3 5 .....
8 21 20

2. If stands for 40, then

stands for .....................
3. How does alphabet M look in the mirror if the mirror is placed under ‘M’?
(A) upside down (B) same (C) starting
4. The following figures are in a different pattern. Fill in the blanks according
to the pattern.

(i)
ACB DFE GIH .......

2
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
(ii)
853 744 635 ...... ......

....
.... ...
...
(iii) 47z 49y 51x .....

(iv)
36B 36D 40F .....

Look at the pattern in each row. Which of the given options will continue
the patterns?

5.
A B C

6.
A B C

7.

A B C

8.
A B C

9.
A B C

3
M E N T A L
M A T H S
10. Examine the pictures and choose the correct option:

......

(a) AB AB AB
(b) ABC ABC
(c) ABB ABB
(d) AAB AAB
11. Which pattern best describes the letter model ABCBCAABCBCA?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

12. Study the pattern and find the missing number.?

27
33 21
3
7 11
?

(a) 10 (b) 14 (c) 9 (d) 8

13. If ‘VICTORY’ is coded as WJDUPSZ, how can ‘SUCCESS’ be coded?

(a) SVCDETS
(b) RTBBDRR
(c) SSECCUS
(d) TVDDFIT
4
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
14. What comes next?
(i) 2 4 9 18 23 46

(ii) 22 28 21 27 20 26

(iii) 3 5 9 15 23 33

(iv) AZ BY CX DW EV FU

15. Which of the option is the mirror image of figure ‘P’ if the mirror is placed
along XY?
(a) (b)

(c) (d)

16. A man’s picture is posted on a wall in a class. Which hand in the picture is
at your right?

5
M E N T A L
M A T H S
17. Complete the pattern using the correct option.

(a) (c)

(b) (d)

18. Choose the option which closely resembles the mirror image of ‘ANS’
(a) SNA
(b) ANS
(c) ANS
(d) S NA
19. What comes next?
(i)
50 g 45 g

300 g .....

6
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
(ii)
50 l 100 l 150 l .....

20. Each pencil box has the same number of pencils. Find the missing number
that replaces the question mark?
Number of Pencil Box 5 6 7 8 9
Number of Pencils in Box 40 48 56 ? 72
(a) 72
(b) 80
(c) 48
(d) 64

Answer Key
1.
9
5 4
20
2. 20
3. (a) upside down
4. (i) JLK (ii) 526, 417 (iii) 53W (iv) 42H
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. C
9. B
10. (c) ABB ABB
11. (d)
12. (c) 9

7
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
13. (d) TVDDFTT
14. (i) 51 (ii) 19 (iii) 45 (iv) GT
15. (c)
16. left hand
17. (b)
18. (d)
19. (i) 60g (ii) 200l
20. (d) 64

8
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Arrange the objects/shapes/numbers of each box to make a pattern. Show

the pattern in the space given below each box.

2 6 2
1 1
6
1 2 6

9
M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 2

Numbers

(Refer to the chapter # 1 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
• Indian Place Value System:
Place Value Chart
Periods Lakhs Thousands Ones
Places Ten Lakhs Lakhs Ten Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones
Thousands
Place 10,00,000 1,00,000 10,000 1000 100 10 1
Values

• Face Value of a digit in a number is the digit itself, regardless of the place
it occupies in the place value chart.
For example: The face value of 5 in 25689 is 5.
• Place Value of a digit in a number depends on the place it occupies in the
Place Value Chart. Place value of a digit in a number is equal to face value
mutiplied by the value of the place it occupies in the place value chart.
For example:
The place value of 5 in 25689 is 5000
i.e. 5 × 1000 = 5000

10
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

• Predecessor =Number-1
For example:
Predecessor of 42 is 41-1 = 41
• Successor = Number+1
For example:
Successor of 42 is 42+1=43
• Ascending Order means arranging numbers from the smallest to the
greatest.
• Descending Order means arranging numbers from the greatest to the
smallest.
• An Even Number is a number that is completely divisible by 2.
Tutty speaks

If the number at ones place is 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,

then that number is an even number.

For example:
78, 46, 240, 508, 934
• An Odd Number is a number that is not comletely divisible by 2.
Tutty speaks

If the number at ones place is 1, 3, 5, 7, 9,

then that number is an odd number.

For example:
81, 95, 407, 653, 549

11
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
Questions
1. Find the sum of 3000 and its predecessor.
2. Fill in the blanks:
(i) The successor of 8999 is ..............
(ii) 3 thousand + 4 hundred + 3 tens + 9 ones = ..............
(iii) One more than 4679 is ..............
(iv) The place value of 5 in 75,670 is ..............
(v) The sum of place values of 2 in 7426 and 2459 is ..............
3. How many hundreds make three thousand?
4. Find out the difference between the place value and the face value of 7 in
8672.
5. 100 tens = ..............
(a) 1 thousand (b) 10 thousand (c) 100 thousand (d) 1 ten thousand
6. Choose the smallest 5 digit number.
(a) 40759 (b) 24179 (c) 47262 (d) 21749
7. The largest 5-digit number having 0 at thousand’s place is ..............
(a) 85402 (b) 80524 (c) 80502 (d) 84250
8. 8 thousands 9 hundreds is same as ..............
(a) 8090 (b) 8009 (c) 8900 (d) 9800
9. Fill in the blanks using Roman Numbers
(i) VI – = II
(ii) V – =X
(iii) VIII – = IV
(iv) IX – =V
(v) VII+II =
10. What is the sum of four consecutive numbers followed by 10?
11. Find out the difference of the largest 2-digit even number and the smallest
2- digit odd number.

12
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
12. Name the period of the underlined digit in 7649.
13. Which number is eight less than Eight thousand four hundred?
14. Choose the number which has the greater place value for 8.
(a) 43,805 (b) 38,470
(c) 54,085 (d) 34,078
15. 7 thousands + 90 tens + 8 ones =
(a) 7098 (b) 7908
(c) 7980 (d) 7890

16. The smallest 4-digit number formed by using the digits 0, 4, 8, 5 is ..............
17. A number is greater than 3 but less than 8. Also the number is greater than
6 but less than 10. What is the number?
18. How many digits do we get in the answer when we add 99 and 1?
19. If the following numbers are arranged in the ascending order, which
number would come at the second position?
24,467 24,674 26,744 24,647
20. Which of the following sets are odd numbers?
(a) 2, 3, 7, 9, 11
(b) 1, 3, 5, 7, 9
(c) 1, 2, 5, 7, 9
(d) 3, 6, 8, 11, 13
21. I am greater than 20 and less than 26. I am an even number and you can
get me when you place the same number at the places of ones and tens.
Who am I?
22. A number has 9 at the tens place. 4 at the hundreds place and 7 at the
thousands place. The number is ..............
(a) 749

13
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
(b) 947
(c) 7490
(d) 9470
Make 3 digits numbers using all the cards in each question:
23. 0 3 7 the smallest number

24. 3 8 5 an even number

25. 8 2 4 7 tens less than 498

Answer Key
1. 5999
2. (i) 9000 (ii) 3439 (iii) 4680 (iv) 5 thousand or 5000 (v) 2020
3. 10 hundreds
4. 63
5. (a)
6. (d)
7. (b)
8. (c)
9. (i) IV (ii) V (iii) IV (iv) IV (v) IX
10. 50
11. 87
12. ones
13. 8392
14. (b)
15. (b)
16. 4058

14
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
17. 7
18. 3 digits
19. 24,647
20. (b)
21. 22
22. (c)
23. 307
24. 538 or 358
25. 428

15
M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Identify the number formed by the values given in each box

3 ousands 9 Ones 16 Tens

6 Tens

8 8 Tens
Ones

4 ousands
8
8 ousands
Hundreds
5 ousands

(A) 11698 (B) 11968 (C) 3968 (A) 5469 (B) 5964 (C) 5649

5,000 8 Hundred 3 ousands

3,000

900 4 ousands
40,000 3 Hundred

80 24 Tens 6 Ones

(A) 48980 (B) 49080 (C) 45980 (A) 7832 (B) 8346 (C) 7823

16
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 3

Addition and Subtraction

(Refer to the chapter # 11 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
• Addition is the process of putting together.
For example:

5+4=9

+ =

+ is the sign of addition.

• Subtraction is the process of taking away.
For example:

9–4=5

– =
‘—’ is the sign of subtraction.
• Following are the few words used in the questions, which help us decide
which operation is to be used.
✳ Addition: add to, all together, both, combined, in all, more than,
plus, sum, total

17
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

✳ Subtraction: decreased by, difference, fewer than, how many more,

left, less, less than, minus, remaining, takes away
Note that these are just hints, exact operation needs to be decided depending
upon the question.

Questions
1. What is the sum of the largest 4-digit number and the smallest 3-digit
number?
2. Fill in the blanks:
(i) 7392 + 10 =
(ii) 9934 + 100 =
(iii) 8734 – 1000 =
(iv) 5806 – 10 =
(v) 9830 + 1000 =
3. Add two hundred thirty five and six hundred twenty two.
4. By how much is 4,405 smaller than 44,405 ?
5. There are 125 boys and 106 girls playing in the playground. How many
children are playing in the playground at the end if 5 children left the
game in between?
6. Replace * with the correct digit:
(i) (ii)
9*87 839*
+3 56* – 4 *06
1*049 * 089

18
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
7. 6 added to a number makes 17. What is the number?
8. Sonali had 1500 fruits in her shop. She had 260 apples, 500 mangoes and
400 bananas. The remaining were oranges. How many oranges did Sonali
have in her shop?
9. Fill in the blanks:
(i) 526 + 126 = + 400
(ii) 5765 – 3000 = 2000 +
(iii) 764 + 280 = 180 +
(iv) 90 + 770 + = 777 + 90
(v) 880 – 530 = + 200
10. What must be added to 2375 to get 5000?
11. Naman had a collection of 136 bookmarks. On his 10th birthday, he got
49 more bookmarks. How many bookmarks does he have now?
12. Here are some number cards:
5 5 5

7 7 7
Use five of these number cards to complete the following statement:
.... .... .... – .... .... = 678
13.

Aarav bought

19
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
How many more ice creams than burgers did he buy?
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 5
14. If sum of each row, column and diagonal is equal then find A and B.

A 8 7

10 6 B

5 4 9

15. Add 4356 to the place value of 5.

16. Tick (✓) the correct answer
(i) 100 more than 9999 equals
(a) 10099 (b) 99099 (c) 10090 (d) 10009
(ii) 90000-1 equals
(a) 89999 (b) 89991 (c) 89990 (d) 89900
17. What are the values of A, B and C?

A
B C
8 12 16
3 5 7 9
1 2 3 4 5

18. Fill in the blanks:

(i) 23 more than 6860 =
(ii) 40 less than 3820 =
(iii) Minus 14 from 4 dozens =
(iv) 30 less than the sum of 480 and 390 =
(v) 450 more than the largest 3 digit no. =

20
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

19. + + + + + + + = 40 apples

+ + + = 155 fruits

Stands for ______ fruits

(a) 60 (b) 40 (c) 50 (d) 30
20. The sum of numbers on each line is equal. Find x and y.

3 4 8

2 y 7

Answer Key
1. 1999
2. (i) 7402 (ii) 10034 (iii) 7734 (iv) 5796 (v) 10830
3. 857 or eight hundred fifty seven
4. 40,000
5. 226
6. (i) 9 4 8 7 (ii) 8 3 9 5
+3 5 6 2 -4 3 0 6
1 3 , 0 4 9 4089
7. 11
8. 340
9. (i) 252 (ii) 765 (iii) 864 (iv) 7 (v) 150
10. 2625

21
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
11. 185
12. 7 5 5 – 7 7 = 678
13. (a) 4
14.
3 8 7

10 6 2

5 4 9

15. 4406
16. (i) (a) 10099 (ii) (a) 89999
17. A = 48 B = 20 C = 28
18. (i) 6883 (ii) 3780 (iii) 34 (iv) 840 (v) 1449
19. (c) 50
20. x = 5 y=6

22
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Solve the mystery numbers and :

1 2

+ = 40 99 – – – = 36

– = 16 = ................

= ................

= ................

– 9 =

– – = 3

= ................

= ................

23
M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 4

Tick Tick Tick

(Refer to the chapter # 3 and 4 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
1 day = 24 hours 1 week = 7 days
1 hour = 60 minutes 1 year = 365 days
1 minute = 60 seconds 1 leap year = 366 days
1 year = 12 months 1 fortnight = 15 days
1 month = 4 weeks 1 year = 52 weeks
• A clock has three hands - Hour hand, Minute hand and Second hand.

12
Hour Hand
11 1
10 2

9 3 Minute Hand
8
Second Hand
4
7 5
6

• 12-hour clock
A day is divided into two periods of 12 hours each.
a.m. (Ante Meridiem) p.m. (Post Meridiem)
• 12 midnight to 12 noon • 12 noon to 12 midnight
• Before 12 noon • After 12 noon

24
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

• 24-hour clock
A day is divided into 24 hours from 0 to 24.
0000 hours 0800 hours 1200 hours 1800 hours 2400 hours
(midnight) (mid-day or
or noon) 0000 hours
(midnight)
or or or or or
12:00 a.m. 8:00 a.m. 12:00 p.m. 6:00 p.m. 12:00 a.m.

Questions
1. Convert 8 weeks 6 days into days.
2. How many minutes are there in 6 hours?
3. Read the clock and write the time.

12 12 12
11 1 11 1 11 1
10 2 10 2 10 2

9 3 9 3 9 3

8 4 8 4 8 4
7 5 7 5 7 5
6 6 6

4. Sunita spent three hours in shopping. She retuned home at 5 o’ clock. At

what time did she start shopping?
5. How many months in a year have exactly thirty days?
6. In 24 hours clock time, 12 midnight is written as 0000 hours or .
7. What was the time 40 minutes before 8:30 a.m.?

25
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
8. Tell the time in a.m. or p.m.
• 1730 hours =
• 0640 hours =
• 2150 hours =
• 2340 hours =
• 1335 hours =
• 1225 hours =
9. Amita leaves for school at 6:45 a.m. and reaches school at 7:20 a.m. How
long does she take to reach school?
10. Which of the following is a leap year?
(a) 2001 (b) 2008 (c) 2011 (d) 2017
11. Find the difference between 18 years 10 months and 9 years 4 months?
12. Ram joined a factory on September 10, 2016. He worked for 25 days only.
On which date Ram left the factory?
13. What time will it be—
• 5 hours after 3:30 p.m.?
• 6 hours after 12 midnight?
• 4 hours before 11:30 p.m.?
• 12 hours after 12 noon?
14. Radhika started at 0730 hours by her car or Sunday and reached Shimla in
exactly 10 hours. What time (in a.m./p.m.) did she reach Shimla?
15. 7 years 2 months =
(a) 83 months (b) 85 months (c) 84 months (d) 86 months
16. Sumit went out to play with his friends at 1700 hours. He played there for
1 hr 30 minutes. At what time did he come back as per 24-hour clock?
17. Find the difference between number of hours:
(i) 9:30 a.m. and 9:30 p.m. = hours
(ii) 12:00 hours and 7:00 p.m. = hours

26
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
18. How many times does the hour hand move around the clock face in
one day?
19. Varsha will arrive at the Mumbai hotel August 29, 2017 and will stay there
for three nights. On which date will she check out of the hotel?
20. How long will it take the minute hand to move

11 12 1 11 12 1
10 2 10 2

from 9 3 to 9 3 ?
8 4 8 4

7 6 5 7 6 5

21. Peter left for tour on January 14, 2017 and returned home on March 14,
2017. How long did he remain out?
22. How many times does the minute hand move around the clock in one
day?
23. If summer vacations are for 51 days, find how many weeks and days are
there during this period?
24. Gauri went to market at 11:30 a.m. and returned after 2 hours 35 minutes.
At what time did she return from the market?
25. Rohan went to bed at 2250 hours and got up at 0630 hours. How long did
he sleep?

Answer Key
1. 62 days
2. 360 minutes
3. 9:35 1:55 11:45
4. 3 o’ clock

27
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
5. 4 Months
6. 2400 hours
7. 7:50 a.m.
8. 5:30 p.m. 6:40 a.m. 9:50 p.m. 11:40 p.m. 1:35 p.m. 12:25 p.m.
9. 35 minutes
10. (b) 2008
11. 9 years 6 months
12. October 5, 2016
13. 8:30 p.m. 6:00 a.m. 7:30 p.m. 12:00 a.m.
14. 5:30 p.m.
15. (d) 86 months
16. 1830 hours
17. (i) 12 hours (ii) 7 hours
18. 2 times
19. September 1, 2017
20. 30 minutes
21. 59 days
22. 24 times
23. 7 weeks 2 days
24. 2:05 p.m.
25. 7 hours 40 minutes

28
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Gunjan has three clocks in her house. The problem is that none of them
tells the right time. One clock is 15 minutes fast, another is half an hour
fast and the third one is 10 minutes slow. The clocks in Gunjan’s house
are shown below. But they are not in any particular order. Can you figure
out what is the correct time now?

A B C

8:50 a.m. 8:35 a.m. 8:10 a.m.

• The time right now is ..............

• Clock A / B / C is 15 minutes fast.
• Clock A / B / C is half an hour fast.
• Clock A / B / C is 10 minutes slow.

29
M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 5

Multiplication

(Refer to the chapter # 1, 6, 11 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
Multiplication is one of the four basic operations in mathematics. It is a
process of repeated addition. The symbol ‘x’ denotes multiplication.

How many blades are there in 4 fans?

1 fan has 3 blades

4 fans will have 3+3+3+3 = 12 blades
It can also be written as 4 times 3 = 12 blades
4 × 3 = 12 blades

• If we multiply a number by 1, we get the same number

6×1=6 23 × 1 = 23 405 × 1 = 405

30
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

• If we multiply a number by 0, we get 0

4×0=4 76 × 0 = 0 823, 623 × 0 = 0

• When we multiply the given numbers in any order the product remains
the same.
2×3=6 4 × 2 × 5 = 40 12 × 9 = 108
3×2=6 2 × 4 × 5 = 40 9 × 12 = 108
5 × 4 × 2 = 40

Questions
1. A shopkeeper sold a notebook for ₹20/- each. How much would he earn
by selling 250 such notebooks?
2. How many days are there in 5 weeks?
3. A magician charges ₹2,500 for a single show. How much money will he
charge for 8 shows?
4. How many legs do 42 cows have?
5. How many boxes are there in the given figure?

8
5

31
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
6. How many trees are there in Devanshi’s Garden?

7. The price of one brick is ₹15. What will be the total price of 50 bricks?
8. A brick manufacturing factory produces 10,000 bricks in a day. How many
bricks did it produce in the month of February 2016?
9. A worker gets ₹200 for constructing 6 metre long wall. How many rupees
will he get for constructing 30 metre long wall?
10. If one truck charges ₹300 for transporting 1,000 bricks, then how much
would it charge for transporting 8,000 bricks?
11. 18 bricks of 20 cm length are joined length wise to form a wall. What is the
total length of the wall?
12. Sunita earns ₹800 in a day, how much will she earn in a week?
13. (i) 15 × 30 = 450, what will be 15 × 33 =
(ii) 45 × 93 × = 93 × 63 × 45
(iii) 98,645 × 1 =
(iv) 468 × 234 × 0 × 364 =
(v) 900 × 2,000 =
14. Fees of a dance class is ₹500 per student. How much fee will the dance
teacher charge from 45 students?
15. If a frog covers 3 steps in one jump, then on which step would it reach after
9 jumps?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

32
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
Answer Key
1. ₹5,000
2. 35 days
3. ₹20,000
4. 168 legs
5. 40 boxes
6. 28 trees
7. ₹750
8. 2,90,000 bricks
9. ₹1,000
10. ₹2,400
11. 360 cm
12. ₹5,600
13. (i) 495 (ii) 63 (iii) 98,645 (iv) 0 (v) 18,00,000
14. ₹22,500
15. 27

33
M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Make 4 teams of 3 students each. Take three dice. Every team gets a
chance to roll the dice. Note the numbers shown on the top face of the
dice. Multiply these numbers. Product of these three numbers is the score
of the team. Every team will get 10 chances. The team which scores the
most after 10 chances will win.

4 × 1 × 5 = 20

SCORE SHEET
Team A Team B Team C Team D
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
Total

34
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 6

Shapes and Views

(Refer to the chapter # 1, 5 and 8 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
• Circle: A circle is a round shape which has all
its points at a same distance from the centre. In
the figure, point A is the centre of the circle.
A P
The distance of any point on the circle from its
centre is called its radius. In the figure, length of
AP is radius.
• This is a Dice.

The number on the opposite faces of a dice add up to 7.

• A Cuboid looks like a rectangular box. It has six faces.

35
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

• A Cube is a cuboid with all equal sides. It has six faces.

• A Cylinder looks like a pipe. It has a round base.

• A Cone has a shape of an ice-cream or a birthday cap.

• Things look quite different in shape and size when looked from different
directions, distances and heights.
• A minimum of three views namely Front view, Top view and Side view,
are needed to describe any solid object.

Questions
1. (i) Things appear when we look from a height.
(ii) A railway track seems when looked at from a distance.
(iii) Things nearer to eye appear .
(iv) A candle looks long from near. How would it appear from distance?
(a) long (b) wide (c) small
(v) The size of a circle depends on its .
2. How many centres does a circle have?
3. Using a centre, how many circles can be drawn?

36
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
4. At which point do we have to keep our finger below the plate to balance
it properly?
5. Two circles are drawn from the same centre and having different radii.
The difference of two radii is 5 cm. What is the radius of the outer circle, if
radius of inner circle is 15 cm?
6. What is the length of two radii OA and OB in the given figure?
A

4 cm
O B

7. What is the length of AB in the given figure?

6 cm
A
O P B
C

8. What is the radius of bigger circle if all the inner circles have same radius
of 5 cm?

5cm

37
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
9. Choose the correct answer:
(i) has a shape of:

(a) cube (b) cuboid (c) cylinder

(ii) has a shape of:

(a) cube (b) cuboid (c) none of these

(iii) has a shape of:

(a) cube (b) cuboid (c) cylinder

(iv) has a shape of:

(a) cube (b) cuboid (c) cylinder

10. Two dice are joined together. Which shape do we get now?
11. (i) Top view of a cube is in shape.
(ii) Side view of a cuboid is in shape.
(iii) Front view of is in shape.

(iv) Top view of is:

A B C

38
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
12. A dice is thrown and it shows like this:

1
5
4

(i) Which number will be on the opposite face of 5?

(ii) Which number will be at the bottom face?
(iii) What number will top face show if 4 is on the bottom face?
(iv) What will this dice look like if it is opened?

3 3 4 3
5

5
2

2
1

1
4 4 5 6
6 2 3 4
A B C D
For each of the given solid object, three views are also given. Categorise
the views as TOP VIEW, FRONT VIEW and SIDE VIEW:
13.

A B C

39
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
14.

A B C
15. Which shapes do you need to complete the following triangle?

a. Two rectangles and a triangle.

b. Two triangles and a square
c. One square and two triangles.
d. One rectangle and two triangles.
16. James is moving his arm like the blades of a fan, his shoulder acts like the
of a circle and his arm acts like the of that circle.
17. A stone tied to a thread is swirled.
(i) What is the radius for the circle formed?
(ii) What is the centre in this case?
18. Which of the following is a plane figure?
a. Tennis Ball c. An almirah
b. Surface of a blackboard d. A chalk box

40
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
19. Which of the following is a solid figure?
a. A square c. A cuboid
b. A rectangle d. A circle
20. Observe the map given below and answer the questions that follow:

(i) is in front of the main gate.

(ii) is on the immediate left of the main gate.
(iii) is on the immediate right of the main gate.
(iv) Is playground located beside the Auditorium?
(v) is located between the classrooms and the Principal’s office.
(vi) Kriti is coming from the assembly ground and walking out of the
main gate. Name the places located on her:
A. Left:
B. Right:

41
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
Answers Key
1. (i) small (ii) narrow (iii) big (iv) c (v) radius
2. one
3. many
4. At the centre
5. 20 cm
6. 8 cm
7. 24 cm
8. 10 cm
9. (i) b (ii) c (iii) c (iv) a
10. Cuboid
11. (i) square (ii) rectangle (iii) triangle (iv) B
12. (i) 2 (ii) 6 (iii) 3 (iv) A
13. A – Top view; B – Front view; C – Side view
14. A – Front view; B – Side view; C – Top view
15. d
16. centre, radius
17. (i) length of the thread (ii) hand
18. b
19. c
20. (i) Assembly ground (ii) Garden (iii) Parking Area (iv) No (v) Assembly
ground (vi) A – Parking Area; B – Garden

42
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

A museum has a room called Bapu’s Room. It has all the personal
belongings of Bapu. Observe the map and fill in the blanks using the
words in the box. Each word may be used more than once.

Left Right Above Below

(i) The chair is to the of the spectacles.

(ii) The slippers are the stick.
(iii) The glass is the charkha.
(iv) The spectacles are the watch.
(v) The charkha is on the of the chair.
(vi) The lamp is on the of the stick.
(vii) Asif walks from the place where the slippers are kept to the place
where the stick is. Now, to go to the lamp, he will have to turn
.

43
M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 7

Division

(Refer to the chapter # 3, 11 of the Mental Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
Division means equal sharing, equal grouping or equal distribution.

We distribute 18 apples in 6 groups. Each group contains 3 apples. We

can write it as

18 ÷ 6 = 3

44
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Division is also called Repeated Subtraction.

15
–5 We can subtract 5 from 15, three times.
10
–5
5
–5
0 Therefore 15 ÷ 5 = 3
• When we divide any number by 1, we get the number itself

6÷1=6 43 ÷ 1 = 43 5649 ÷ 1 = 5649

• When we divide any number by itself, we get 1

9÷9=1 57 ÷ 57 = 1 624 ÷ 624 = 1

• When we divide zero by any number, we get 0

0÷5=0 0 ÷ 26 = 0 0 ÷ 476 = 0

Questions
1. A cat jumps 4 steps at one time. If she is at 36, how many times does it have
to jump to reach to the start?

30 31 32 33 34
35 36 37
28 29 38 39
27
STA
RT

45
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
2. How many times can you subtract 8 from 56?
3. A cloth is divided into 48 equal pieces to make handkerchiefs. If 5 tailors
stitch handkerchiefs, how many handkerchiefs will each tailor stitich?
How many handkerchiefs will be left unstitiched?
4. Solve:
(i) 728 ÷ =1
(ii) 635 ÷ 1 =
(iii) ÷ 54 = 0
(iv) 0 ÷ 832 =
(v) 63 ÷ 63 =
5. For a meeting, 408 chairs were arranged in 8 rows. How many chairs were
there in one row?
6. Vani reads 15 pages daily from a book. If the book has total 120 pages, how
many days will Vani take to complete reading the book?
7. Madhav has 80 toffees which he wants to distribute among five of his
friends. How many toffees will each friend get?
8. Rushil buys 15 kg apples for ₹1200. What is the cost of one kg of apples?
9. A box contains 20 mangoes. How many such boxes are required to pack
2020 mangoes?
10. Rehan has got 46 postal stamps. If he pastes 9 stamps on one page of his
album, how many complete pages of his album will be used?
11. Cost of one dozen of eggs is ₹72. What is the cost of one egg?
12. Neha’s father has made 272 laddoos. Neha, her brother, mother and
father eat one laddoo daily. In how many days will all the laddoos be
consumed?
13. Veenu has 2000 bricks. She wants to arrange these bricks in piles of 400
bricks each. How many such piles will be made?

46
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
14. Salim has distributed 2 toffees to each student of his class. There are 45
students in his class. After distribution, 10 toffees are left with him. How
many toffees had Salim brought?
15. Solve:
(i) (76 ÷ 19) + 11 =
(ii) (91 ÷ 13) + (70 ÷ 7) =

Answer Key
1. 9 jumps
2. 7 times
3. 9 handkerchief, 3 handkerchief
4. (i) 728 (ii) 635 (iii) 0 (iv) 0 (v) 1
5. 51 chairs
6. 8 days
7. 16 toffees
8. ₹80
9. 101 boxes
10. 5 pages
11. ₹6
12. 68 days
13. 5 piles
14. 100 toffees
15. (i) 15 (ii) 17

47
M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Suhana has been lost in a maze of numbers. The way out of this maze is
through the blocks which have numbers completely divisible by 7. Help
Suhana find her way out.

48
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 8

Money

(Refer to the chapter # 6 and 12 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
• We need MONEY to buy things.
• Indian money is expressed in Rupees (₹) and Paisa (p).
₹1 = 100 paise
• Paise come in the form of coins. Earlier we had 10 p, 20 p, 25 p and
50 p coins.

• Rupees come in the form of coins and notes.

49
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Tutty speaks

All notes have different colour

combinations.

Did you notice? ₹5 and ₹10 are available in

the form of coin and note.
• ₹47.25 means ₹47 and 25p.
Tutty speaks

₹ is always written before the money value.

p is always written after the money value.

Questions
1. Fill in the blanks:
(i) ₹5 = p
(ii) ₹12 = p
(iii) ₹ = 1100 p
(iv) ₹ = 3500 p

50
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
(v) ₹506.75 = ₹ and p
(vi) ₹ = ₹395 and 40 p
2. A rickshaw puller earns ₹500 in a day. How much money will he earn in a
week?

3. (i) 16 +5 =₹

(ii) 20 +2 = p=₹

(iii) = ₹1000

(iv) + + =₹ = p

4. Mishti has eight 5-rupee notes and four 50-rupee notes. How much money
does she have?
5.

₹345 ₹115 ₹650

Gurvinder wants to buy a bat and a cricket ball. His sister Kamaljeet
wants to buy a football. How much will they pay to the shopkeeper
together?

51
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
6. Mauli has one note each of ₹2000, ₹500, ₹100, ₹50, ₹20 and ₹10. She also
has two notes of ₹5. If the notes are arranged in ascending order of their
value, which note will be on the sixth place?
7. A bunch of 10 balloons costs ₹20. What will be the cost of 2 balloons?
8. Sudha spent ₹175 on medicines, ₹300 on fruits and ₹500 on grocery. She
had a ₹2000 note with her. How much money is left with Sudha now?
9. Divyansh went to buy fruits with his father. The cost of the fruits is given
in the table below:

Fruit Cost
₹80 per kg

₹25 per dozen

₹60 per kg

₹110 per kg

They buy 1 kg of apples, a dozen of bananas and 2 kg of mangoes. Divyansh’s

father gave ₹500 to the shopkeeper. How much money will the shopkeeper
return?
10. How many 25 p coins will make ₹12.50?
11. Krishna purchased 5 kg of vegetables for ₹150. What would have she paid
if she purchased only 3 kg of vegetables?

52
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
12. Ravi purchased three registers of same size for ₹450. Later he returned one
register to the shopkeeper. How much money will the shopkeeper give
him back?
13. Garima purchased a dress for herself costing ₹850. If she gave ₹2000 note
to the shopkeeper, how much money will she get back?
14. How many rupees does Rajni have if she has 10 coins of 25-paise?
15. How many 2-rupee coins are there in ₹28?

Answer Key
1. (i) 500 p (ii) 1200 p (iii) ₹11 (iv) ₹35 (v) ₹506, 75p (vi) ₹395, 40p
2. ₹3500
3. (i) ₹37 (ii) ₹5 (iii) ₹20 (iv) ₹25
4. ₹240
5. ₹1110
6. ₹500
7. ₹4
8. ₹1025
9. ₹175
10. 50 coins
11. ₹90
12. ₹150
13. ₹1150
14. ₹2, 50p or ₹2.50
15. 14 coins

53
M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Make a list of 10 things you want to buy from a stationery shop. Go to the
shop. Make sure that you buy multiple pieces of at least one of the items
of your list. Find the total amount to be paid to the shopkeeper. Calculate
the change you will receive if you give an amount more than the bill.

54
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 9

Length

(Refer to the chapter # 2 and 12 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
The commonly used standard units for measuring length and distances are:
• Kilometre (km)
• Metre (m)
• Centimetre (cm)
• Millimetre (mm)

Tutty Speaks

Standard units are universally accepted

units that are used for measurement.

(i) Lengths like distance between two walls of a room or height of a

building are measured in metres.
(ii) Longer lengths and distances like the distance between two cities are
measured in kilometres.

55
M E N T A L
M A T H S

(iii) km is the largest unit and,

mm is the smallest unit for measuring length.
(iv) 1 km = 1000 m
1 m = 100 cm
1 cm = 10 mm
(v) Heights of persons are usually measured in either cm or in feet
& inches.
(vi) 1 feet = 12 inches
1 feet = 30 cm
1 inch = 2.5 cm (approximately)

Tutty speaks

If Ria’s height is 5 ft 6 inches. We can also

say that Ria is 66 inches or 165 cm tall.

Estimation
An approximate judgement of a number, calculation, quantity or a value is
called estimation. Estimation gives an answer close to the exact answer. It
might be a little more or little less than the exact answer.

For example:
• Delhi is about 250 km from Dehradun.
• A car is about 1 m wide.

56
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
Questions
1. Which plant is the tallest?
(a) Mango (b) Coconut (c) Rose
2. Which one of these is the shortest?
(a) a saree (b) a muffler (c) a handkerchief
3. Which of these buildings is the highest?
(a) Qutab Minar (b) Your school (c) India Gate
4. The farthest place from your home is .
(a) Your school (b) Taj Mahal (c) India Gate
5. Fill in the most suitable unit of measurement:
(i) I am 4 tall.
(ii) The scale in my geometry box is 15 long.
(iii) The distance between Delhi and Amritsar is 540 .
(iv) Cloth is usually measured in .
6. The height of a cup is approximately
(a) 8 cm (b) 8 m (c) 8 mm
7. Approximate length of the blackboard in your classroom is
(a) 2.5 m (b) 25 cm (c) 25 mm
8. The height of Mount Everest is approximately
(a) 9 km (b) 9 m (c) 90 cm
9. 1000 times of 1 metre is
(a) 1 mm (b) 1 cm (c) 1 km
10. Which of the following is about 5 m?
(a) Height of a tree (b) Length of a cricket bat
(c) Height of a bottle (d) Thickness of a book

57
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
11. Everyday, Jyoti travels 2 km by rickshaw from her house to the metro
station. By metro she travels 20 km and then walks about 600 m to reach
her office. Estimate the distance between her house and office.
(a) about 25 km (b) about 20 km
(c) about 23 km (d) about 30 km
12. How many bricks of 20 cm length are needed to make one row of 1 metre
long wall?
13. Racing track in Neerja’s school is 200 m long. To complete 2 km race, how
many rounds of this track one needs to take?
14. Ram lives in Agra. He travels a distance of 210 km to reach Delhi. From
Delhi, he plans to attend a meeting in Jaipur which is 262 km away from
Delhi. How muck distance did he travel from Agra to Jaipur?
15. In a bookshelf of 45 cm width, how many books of width 9 mm can fit in?
16. (i) Which point is the farthest from the centre O?
(ii) Which point is the nearest to the centre O?

A
B
3 cm

G 9 cm
5 cm

7 cm Q
F
m 8c
6c
4 cm

E D C

17. Reena’s height is 1 m 40 cm. She is 15 cm taller than her brother but 25 cm
shorter than her father. Who is the shortest?

58
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
18. Which is longer and by how much?
(a) 425 m 25 cm (b) 452 m 45 cm
19. Which is shorter and by how much?
(a) 610 m 92 cm (b) 160 m 83 cm
20. Neetu has three ribbons — red, green, and blue of length 2 m 63 cm, 5 m
15 cm and 3 m 45 cm respectively. Which colour ribbon is the longest?

Answer Key
1. b
2. c
3. a
4. b
5. (i) feet (ii) cm (iii) km (iv) metre
6. a
7. a
8. a
9. c
10. a
11. c
12. 5 bricks
13. 10 rounds
14. 472 km
15. 5 books
16. (i) Point B (ii) Point A
17. Reena’s brother
18. b, by 27 m 20 cm
19. b, by 450 m 9 cm
20. Green

59
M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Lalit is going to Manikpur from Vidisha. He can cover the distance of only
275 km as the bike has less petrol. Trace the shortest possible route to
Manikpur that will either cover 275 km or less.

Manikpur

36 km C
T
20
km
R 15 k
lls m Q
Hi Jungle
m

50 km
52 k
Hospital

35
km
S
10
km
km

2k

M N 25 km Q 30 km P
m
10

K 29 km L
30 km

Park
38 km
School
42 km

40 km

P
J
Road
Work in Closed
Progress 47
km 37 km E
23 km
0m H G 12 km F
0 0
17
51 km

I
40 km
37 km

Lake
35
km

16 km 20 km
A 34 km B C D

Vidisha

60
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 10

Capacity

(Refer to the chapter # 7 of the Mental Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
CAPACITY of a container is the amount of liquid it can hold.
The commonly used standard units for measuring capacity are:
• Litre (l)
• Millilitre (ml)
(i) ml is used to measure small quantity of liquids.
(ii) l is used to measure large quantity of liquids.
(iii) 1l = 1000 ml

1. Which units (ml / l ) will you use to measure the following quantities?

(i) Eye Drops

(ii) Paint bucket

61
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

(iii) Milk in a tumbler

(iv) Petrol in a tanker

(v) Cold drink in a bottle

2. Fill in the blanks to balance both sides:

(i) 2000 ml = litres
(ii) 3425 ml = l ml
(iii) 4 litres = ml
(iv) 200 ml + 300 ml + ml = 1 litre
(v) 250 ml + ml = 300 ml + 150 ml
3. How many millilitres are there in 6 litres?
4. Which of these contain least water.
(a) Bucket (b) Cup (c) Jug
5. has more water.
(a) The sea (b) A pond (c) A river
6. How much milk a cup can hold?
(a) 200 litres (b) 2 litres (c) 200 ml
7. A bucket can hold water.
(a) 1 litre (b) 10 litres (c) 100 litres

62
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
8. How many cups of water are needed to fill the given utensils if a cup has
the capacity of 200 ml?

ml
200

(i) 1 litre

ml
200

(ii) 2 litres

ml
200
(iii)
1600 ml

9. How many 250 ml bottles can be filled from a container having 5 litres
of squash?
10. Neena made 1 litre of lassi. She consumed 150 ml of lassi and served 250 ml
to her mother. How many ml of lassi is left with her?
11. A factory produces 4,000 kulfies in a day. If it uses 200 ml of milk to make
one kulfi, how many litres of milk does the factory require daily?
12. A doctor has advised 5 ml cough syrup four times daily to a patient. In
how many days will the patient finish a bottle of 200 ml cough syrup?
13. At a milkbooth, one token is needed to get 500 ml milk. How many tokens
are needed to get four and half litres of milk?
14. A pot of 5 litres can be filled by pouring 10 mugs of water. What is the
capacity of that mug?

63
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
15. Swati bought 3 litres of milk. She gave 200 ml of milk to her dog to drink.
How much milk is left with her?
16. A shop has 25 litres of mustard oil, 15 litres of soyabean oil, 10 litres of
sunflower oil, 6 litres of coconut oil., 4 litres of olive oil, and 5 litres of rice
bran oil for sale. What is the quantity of cooking oil that is available in
the shop?
17. Add 293 litres 625 millilitres and 306 litres 375 millilitres.
18. Subtract 463l 280ml from 675l 495ml.
19. Amit’s family has saved 1000 litres of water through rain water harvesting.
They use 25 litres of water daily from it. In how many days will this water
be fully used?
20. Nirupam bought 7l 500ml of mustard oil for cooking. After one week 5 l
100 ml oil was left. How much mustard oil was used by him in a week?

Answer Key
1. (a) ml (b) litres (c) ml (d) litres (e) ml
2. (a) 2 l (b) 3 l 425 ml (c) 400 ml (d) 500 ml (e) 200 ml
3. 6000 ml
4. cup
5. A sea
6. 200 ml
7. 10 litres
8. (i) a - 5 times (ii) b - 10 times (iii) c - 8 times
9. 20 bottles
10. 600 ml
11. 800 litres
12. 10 days
13. 9 tokens

64
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
14. 500 ml
15. 2 litres 800 ml
16. 65 litres
17. 600 litres
18. 212 l 215 ml
19. 40 days
20. 2 l 400 ml

65
M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Take an empty soft drink bottle which has a capacity of 2 litres. Now take
a bucket full of water. Fill the bottle with water completely and pour this
water in a tub. Repeat this activity till the bucket is emptied. What is the
capacity of the bucket? Also, estimate the capacity of the tub.

66
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 11

Weight

(Refer to the chapter # 12 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
The commonly used standard units for measuring weight are:
• Kilogram (kg)
• Gram (g)
• Milligram (mg)
(i) Gram and Milligram are used for weighing lighter objects.
(ii) Kilogram is used for weighing heavier objects.
(iii) 1 kg = 1000 g
1 g = 1000 mg

Tutty Speaks

Objects are also weighed in quintals, ounce,

pound, ton. You will study about these
units in higher classes.

67
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
Questions
1. State True or False:
(i) A bus can be measured in milligrams.
(ii) A piece of paper is measured in kg.
(iii) Salt can be measured in grams.
(iv) An elephant’s weight is measured in grams.
(v) Weight of a human body is measured in kg.
2. Which of the following is the lightest object?

(A) Table (B) Water Bottle (C) Flower

3. is the heaviest object.

(A) Pencil (B) Paper Sheet (C) Book

4. is the lightest object.

Soap

(A) Scale (B) Rubber Bands (C) Soap

68
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
In Q. No. 5 to 8, fill in the most suitable unit of measuring weight:
5. Rahul’s body weight is 35 .
6. Sheila purchased 250 of green coriander.
7. I live in a big family. My mother cooks 500 of rice daily.
8. My grandfather’s sleeping pill weighs 50 .
9. Which pan will go up in the balance?

200g, 20g 100g, 25g

A B
10. Nitin goes to a shop to buy 4 kg of sugar. But the shopkeeper has only 500 g
packets left with him. How many such packets will Nitin have to buy?
11. There are there coloured boxes - Red, Green and Blue. The weight of red
box is 750g. Green box is 120 g heaviour than the red box but 70 g lighter
than the blue box.
(i) Which colour box is the lightest?
(ii) What is the weight of the blue box?
12. Which of the following pan balances would you use to weigh 9 kg of
firewood?

1 kg 10 kg 2 kg, 5 kg 1 kg, 2 kg

A B

69
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
13. Which of the following pan balances would you use to weigh 2 kg
of rice?

5 kg 3 kg 2 kg 6 kg

A B

14. Which of the following things we usually buy in grams?

A. Oranges B. Cloth
C. Jeera D. Pencil
15. Ruby has bought 2 kg of potatoes, 1 kg 500 g of onions 500 g of carrots,
750 g of peas and 100g of corriander. How much weight is she carrying in
her shopping bag?
16. Solve:
(i) 250 g + 500 g + 750 g + g = 2 kg
(ii) 200 g + 350 g + g = 1 kg
(iii) 4000 g = kg
(iv) kg g = 3425 g
(v) 4 kg + 2000 g = kg
17. A factory produces 450 bottles of pickle daily. If each bottle contains 500 g
of pickle, what is the total weight of pickles produced daily? Tell your
answer in kilograms.

70
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
18. Which pan of the balance is heavier? How much weight should be added
to the lighter pan to make the pans balance?

500 g 50 g, 100 g, 250g

A B

Study the table and answer Q. No. 19 and 20:

Parcel Weight Postal Rates
50 g or less ₹5
For every additional 50 g ₹3

19. How much will Shama pay for a parcel weighing 48 g?

20. If a parcel weighs 110 g, how much will you pay for this?

Answer Key
1. (i) False (ii) False (iii) True (iv) False (v) True
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. kg
6. gram
7. gram

71
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
8. mg
9. B
10. 8 Packets
11. (i) Red box (ii) 940 g
12. B
13. A
14. C
15. 2850 g or 2 kg 850 g
16. (i) 500 g (ii) 450 g (iii) 4 kg (iv) 3 kg 425 g (v) 6 kg
17. 225 kg
18. A, 100 g
19. ₹5
20. ₹13

72
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Rehana’s mother went to a grocery shop and bought various items. The
total weight in her trolley after the purchase is 20 kg. From the given
items, guess what she would have purchased. Also calculate the quantity
of each items.
ATTA SOAP

5 kg 50 g

SUGAR CHOCOLATE

25 g

1 kg 1 kg JEERA

TEA 250 g

250 g
SALT

BUTTER
2 kg
500 g

RICE
DETERGENT
5 kg 2 kg

73
M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 12

Fields and Fences

(Refer to chapter # 13 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
• Perimeter is the sum of the lengths of all the sides of a shape. The
perimeter is expressed in units used for measuring length of the side
of this shape. It can be cm, m or km.
• Area is the number of square units needed to cover a shape. Area is
expressed in square of the units used for measuring length. Area can
be expressed as sq cm, sq m, sq km.

Tutty Speaks

Perimeter is the distance Area is the amount

around the boundary of surface covered

74
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
1. Find the perimeter of the shapes given below. The length of the side of
each small square in the grid is 1 cm.

(i)

(ii) (iii)
2. Find the area of the shapes given below. The area of each square in the grid
is 1 square cm.

(i) (ii)

75
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
3.

A B C
Which of the following statements is true for given figures A, B and C?
(A) Perimeter of A > Perimeter of B and Perimeter of B = Perimeter
of C.
(B) Perimeter of A < Perimeter of B and Perimeter of B > Perimeter
of C.
(C) Perimeter of A = Perimeter of B and Perimeter of B is not equal to
Perimeter of C
(D) Perimeter of A = Perimeter of B = Perimeter of C.
4. Birju wants to fence his field. His field looks like:
m

15
15

m
9m

9m

18 m

(i) How long is the boundary of his field?

(ii) How much more wire will he need to fence his field if he has 50 m
of wire?

76
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
5. A table cloth is in the shape of a rectangle with 1 m 50 cm length and
50 cm breadth.
1m 50 cm

50 cm
(i) How much lace is needed to fix around this table cloth?
(ii) How much lace will be used in four such table clothes?
6. What should be calculated (Area / Perimeter) if –
(i) Gopal wants to fence his garden?
(ii) Neena wants to carpet her room?
(iii) Khichru wants to grass his field?
(iv) Kavi wants to construct wall around his plot?
7. Each side of a triangle is 6 cm long. What will be the length of its
boundary?
8. A jogging track has six trees along its boundary as shown in the figure
given:

There is gap of 13 m between every two trees. Varun jogs around it twice.
How much distance does he cover?

77
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
9. Fifteen bricks each of length 22 cm are joined length wise to form a fence.
What is the total length of that fence?

10. What is the total boundary of this tent house?

m 4c
4c m

8 cm

3 cm 3 cm

Answer Key
1. (i) 16 cm (ii) 26 cm (iii) 24 cm
2. (i) 18 sq. cm. (ii) 43 sq. cm.
3. B
4. (i) 66 m (ii) 16 m
5. (i) 4 m (ii) 16 m
6. (i) Perimeter (ii) Area (iii) Area (iv) Perimeter
7. 18 cm
8. 156 m

78
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Take four squares of side 2 cm each.

Find:
(i) Sum of perimeters of these four squares =
(ii) Sum of areas of these four squares =
Now arrange these four squares to make a bigger square of side 4 cm.
(i) Perimeter of this bigger square =
(ii) Area of this bigger square =
Rearrange the four square of side 2 cm each to make a figure having
length 8 cm and breath 2 cm.
(i) The new figure formed by this arrangement is called .
(ii) Perimeter of the figure =
(iii) Area of the figure =
What do you observe? Discuss with your teacher and classmates.

79
M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 13

Fractions

(Refers to the Chapter # 9 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
• Fraction: A fraction is a part of a whole (or collection) divided in
equal parts.

• This chapati is a whole and • These eight balls if grouped together

is denoted by 1. form a collection and the collection
is again represented as 1.
• When it is divided into equal • When the collection is divided
parts, each part is called Half into two equal parts, each part is
or ½. called half or 4 = 1
8 2

80
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Tutty Speaks

In 1 Numerator
2 Denominator
Since denominator shows ‘total number of equal
parts made’ , it cannot be zero. Numerator represents
‘number of equal parts taken or selected’.

• Each of the following circles has been divided into four equal parts.
Shaded portion in each represents:

1 2 3 4
4 4 4 4
One - fourth Two - fourths Three - fourths Four - fourths
or or two quarters or or, Four quarters
one quarter or three quarters or
2 1 1 4 1 1
= =
4 2 2 4 1 1
Half = 1

whole

81
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Tuntty Speaks

If we divide a shape or collection into four

unequal parts, then each part is not
called a fraction.

1 1 1 1 1 1
+ = 1 + + + = 1
2 2 4 4 4 4

= =

Two halves make a whole Four fourths make a whole

1 1 1
+ + = 1
3 3 3

r ee thirds make a whole

Questions
1. What part of the circle is not shaded?

82
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
2. What part of the square is shaded?

3. Which of the following is half shaded?

(i)

A B C D
(ii)

A B C D

4. Which of the following is three quarters shaded?

A B C D

83
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
5. Which shape shows one - half?

A B C
6. Identify the fraction of the shaded portion:

1 2
A. B.
4 5
2 2
C. D.
4 3

7. What is the fraction of the shaded portion in the figure?

1 3
A. B.
4 4
1
C. D. 1
2

84
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
8. Which of the following figures show that three- thirds make a whole?
A B

C D

9. Which of the following sets of fractions will not make a whole?

1 1
A. , B. 3 , 3 , 3 , 3
2 2 4 4 4 4

C. 1 , 1 , 1 D. 1 , 1 , 1 , 1
3 3 3 4 4 4 4

10. Which of the following statements are correct?

2 3 4
(i) = =
2 3 4
(ii) Ikshu, Mishu and Zoya bought some sweets. Each of them ate 1/2 of
the sweets.

85
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
(iii) Four quarters make a whole.
(iv)

11. Study the circle and fill in the blanks:

one- make this circle.

12. Answer the questions based on the figure given below:

(i) What fraction of the figure is shaded with lines?

(ii) What fraction of the figure is not shaded?
(iii) What fraction of the figure is shaded with dots?
13. Complete the sentences:
(i) A shape is divided into four equal parts. Each part is called
(ii) To represent 3/4 of a whole, the whole is divided into equal
parts.

86
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

14. (i) 4 of 16 =
4

(ii) 1 of 12 =
2

(iii) 3 kg = g
4
1
(iv) m = cm
4

(v) 50 cm = m
1
(vi) of ₹100 =₹
4
1
15. A fruit seller had 200 apples in his shop. On Monday, he could sell of the
4
apples he had. How many apples did he sell?
16. Aadya has 24 marbles. 3/4 of the marbles are white. What fraction of the
marbles are not white?
17. The cost of 1/4 kg sugar is ₹12.50. What is the cost of 1 kg of sugar?
18. Nikhil did 1/4 of his work on Saturday and 1/2 on Sunday. What fraction
of work did he complete in two days?
19. Abira purchased one pizza. To share it with her friends, she cut it into 4
equal pieces. What part of the pizza is left with Abira if she gave two pieces
to her friends?
20. From a piece of 4 m cloth, 1/4 is used. How much cloth is left now in
metres?

87
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
Answer Key
1
1.
4
1
2.
2
3. (i) C (ii) B
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. B
9. C

10. (i), (iii)

11. Three, One - thirds

2 1 1
12. (i) or 1 (ii) (iii)
4 2 4 4
1
13. (i) or Quarter (ii) four
4
14. (i) 16 (ii) 6 (iii) 750 g (iv) 25 cm (v) 1 m (vi) ₹25
2
15. 50 apples

16. 6 marbles

17. ₹50

18. 3
4
2
19. or 1
4 2
20. 3 metre

88
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

It is Rudrakshi’s birthday today. Her mother is making

sandwiches. She has cut all the sandwiches into halves
but in three different ways. Draw lines in the given squares
to show how Rudrakshi’s mother could have made the
halves. Colour each half in different colours.

A B C

89
M E N T A L
M A T H S

Chapter 14

Smart Charts

(Refers to the Chapter # 14 of the NCERT Maths Book of Class IV)

Summary
Anwesha studies in class IV. She collected information from the students
of her class about their favourite sport. She wants to use this information to
ensure that the most popular sport is being played in the school.

Tutty Speaks

The collection of information from which

conclusions can be drawn is called DATA.

Anwesha tabulates the collected information as:

Favourite Sport Number of Students
Football 21
Cricket 12
Badminton 9
Total Number of Students 42

90
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Now she observes that since the largest number of students of her class
like football, this means – ‘Football is the favourite and the most popular
sport’.
Anwesha can represent this data in the form of PICTOGRAPH, BAR
GRAPH and CHAPATI CHART.

Tutty Speaks

In Pictographs, we use pictures or symbols

to convey how many times a data occurs.

In Bar graphs, we use rectangular bars. The lengths

of bars convey the value of a data.

In Chapati Charts, a circle is divided into parts to

show and compare information.

21
Number of Students

Number of Students

18
15
12
9
6
3
0
Football Cricket Badminton Football Cricket Badminton
= 3 students
Pictograph Bar Graph

91
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

The largest orange part shows Cricket

Badminton
that most of the students like
football. And, the smallest part
shows that badminton is liked
the least.
Football
Chapati Chart

Questions
1. In a pictograph, represents 4 children. What does
represent?
2. The following chapati chart represents the share of 3 children. What does
this show?

A B

(A) A gets the largest share (B) B gets more share than C
(C) C gets more share than A (D) Share of A, B & C is equal

3. In a pictograph represents 3 trees. How would you represent

15 trees?

92
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
4. In the given bar graph, Unit Test marks of Mohit and Kanchi are shown.
Who scored more marks and by how much?

100
80

Test Marks
60
40
20
0
Mohit Kanchi

5. The following pictograph shows the number of balloons decorated by

Shreya in Navya’s birthday party. Read the pictograph and answer the
questions that follow:
Number of Balloons

= 5 ballons

Red Green Yellow Blue

Colour of Balloons
(i) Which colour balloon was used the most?
(ii) Which colour balloon was used the least?
(iii) How many balloons were used in total?
(iv) How many more red balloons were used than blue balloons?

93
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
6. The following bar graph shows the number of rainy days in a month. Study
the bar graph and answer the questions:

12

Number of Days
10
8
6
4
2
0 June

July

August

September

October

November
Months
(i) Which month had the highest number of rainy days?
(ii) How many less number of rainy days did June have than July?
(iii) Which month had minimum number of rainy days?
(iv) Which month had no rainfall?
7. The following pictograph shows the number of juice bottles sold by a
canteen on a particular day. Read the pictograph and answer the questions:
Apple Juice

Orange Juice

Pineapple

Mixed Juice

= 10 bottles  

94
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
(i) How many bottles of apple juice are sold?
(ii) How many bottles of mixed juice are sold?
(iii) Which juice is favourite?
(iv) How many juice bottles are sold in all?
8. Zameer made the following bar graph for the favourite animal of
children visiting zoo. Study the bar graph and answer the questions that
follow:

22
20
18
16
Number of Children

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Monkey Camel Elephant Tigers
Favourite Animal

(i) Do children like camel more than elephant?

(ii) Which is the third most loved animal?
(iii) Which is the least favourite animal?
(iv) How many children like tigers?
(v) How many children like monkeys, camels and elephants put
together?
(vi) On how many children did Zameer conduct this survey?

95
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
9. Study the given chapati chart showing different means of transport used
by the students of class IV to come to school and answer the questions that
follow: (choose your answer from - all, ½, less than half, ¼, less than ¼,
more than ¼)

Van Rickshaw

Bus

(i) How many students use bus?

(ii) How many students come by van?
(iii) What fraction of students use rickshaw?
10. Study the given Chapati Chart and answer the question in True/False:

Vegie
Fruits

Pizza
Chhole
Bhature

(i) Most of the children like Chhole Bhature.

(ii) An equal number of children like Vegie and Fruits.
(iii) More children like Pizza than fruits.
(iv) Fruits are the second most liked food.
(v) More children like Chhole Bhature than all the other three foods put
together.

96
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
Answer Key
1. 12 children 8. (i) No
2. D (ii) Elephant

3. (iii) Camel

4. Mohit, By 20 (iv) 20 children

5. (i) Red (v) 25 children
(ii) Yellow (vi) 45 children
(iii) 70 balloons 9. (i) ½
(iv) 5 red balloons (ii) less than ¼
6. (i) September (iii) more than ¼
(ii) 2 days 10. (i) True
(iii) October (ii) False
(iv) November (iii) False
7. (i) 40 bottles (iv) True
(ii) 60 bottles (v) True
(iii) Mixed juice
(iv) 180 bottles

97
M E N T A L
M A T H S

ACTIVITY

Conduct a survey in your residential colony with 20 children of your age.

Find out their favourite cartoon character. Represent the data collected as
a pictograph and a bar graph.

98
 M E N T A L
M A T H S

Miscellaneous Exercise

1. Which of the following statements can be true?

(i) A is the largest of all the other numbers. 3809 A
(ii) D is the smallest of all the other numbers. 3899 B
(iii) A is the smallest of all the other numbers. 3850 C
(iv) D is the largest of all the other numbers. 3890 D
2. Which of the following figures show that two halves make a whole?

(i) (ii) (iii)

3. Find the area of the figure given below if area of 1 square = 1 sq. cm

99
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
4. Which of the following pan balances would you use to weigh 7 kg
of sugar?

1 kg 6 kg, 3 kg 5 kg 6 kg

A B
5. Which is odd one out?
2
(a) (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 1
2 4 2
6. From a leaking tap, 400 ml of water is wasted every hour. By repairing this
tap how much water can be saved in a day?
7. How many 50-rupee notes can be exchanged for ₹5200?
8. The right side of this pan balance has 10 kg weight. Rajesh needs to
measure 4 kg of rice on the balance using the left pan. If there are weights
of 1 kg, 5 kg and 10 kg, how can you use these weights to measure 4 kg
of rice?

10 kg

100
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
9. Naman has a huge farm in his village. He grows cereal in half of the land
and fruits and vegetables in the rest of the land in equal portions. What
fraction of cereals, fruits and vegetables does he grow on the land?
1
A. Cereal: 1 , Fruits: , Vegetables: 1
2 4 2

2 1
B. Cereal: , Fruits: 1 , Vegetables:
4 2 4

C. Cereal: 1 , Fruits: 1 , Vegetables: 1

2 2 2

1 1
D. Cereal: 1 , Fruits: , Vegetables:
2 4 4

10. Calculate the length of the boundary of each room:

6m
Balcony
1m
2m
4m

Bedroom Bathroom
Hall

5m
3m Kitchen
4m

4m

3m 6m

(i) Bedroom : m
(ii) Hall : m
(iii) Balcony : m
(iv) Bathroom : m
(v) Kitchen : m

101
M E N T A L
M A T H S
11. The following pictograph shows the number of books issued in a school
library in six days of a week:

Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
u rsday
Friday
Saturday
1 = 10 books
(i) How many books were issued on Friday?
(ii) How many more books were issued on Wednesday than Tuesday?
(iii) Find the total number of books issued in the week?
(iv) On which two days the same number of books were issued?
12. Match the solid shapes with their plane top views:
(i) (a)

(ii) (b)

(iii) (c)

(iv) (d)

102
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
13. There are 200 students studying in class IV of a school. The clubs they have
joined are shown in the given Chapati Chart. Study the Chaptai Chart and
answer the questions:

Garden
Games Club
Club Art
Club

(i) How many students are in the Garden Club?

(ii) What fraction of total students have joined Games Club?
(iii) What is the total number of students in the Art and Garden Clubs?
14. The following bar graph shows ages of four children of a family. Study the
bar graph and answer the questions that follow:

16
14
12
Age in Years

10
8
6
4
2
0
Rashi Ravi Mohan Nisha
(i) What is the age of Ravi?
(ii) is the youngest child in the family.
(iii) What is the sum of ages of Rashi and Mohan?
(iv) Arrange the children in ascending order of their ages.

103
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
15. Two circles have radii half metre and 50 cm respectively. What is the
relation between their radii?
16. Two dice are thrown. Vaishali gets total of 11 as shown. What will be the
total of numbers on bottom faces of the two dice?

17. Harsh is reading a book that has 350 pages. He wants to finish the book in
a week. How many pages should Harsh read daily?
18. The first ten shapes in a pattern are shown below.

If the pattern continues to repeat in the same way. What will be the 14th
shape in the pattern?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

19. I am a number. I have 7 in the ones place. I am less than 80 but greater than
70. Who am I?
20. Rishabh has a 5 cm long pencil. What is the pencil’s length in
millimetres?

104
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
21. Prachi bought 2 dozen bananas, 4 dozen oranges and 14 pieces of apples
for the Pooja ceremony. What number of fruits did she buy in total?
22. Ria bought 3 m of dress material From that material she cut two pieces.
One piece is 150 cm long and the other is 70 cm long. How much material
is left with Ria?
23. Fill in the blanks:
(i) 4 × 3 = 12 = 2 ×
(ii) 9 × 2 = 18 = 6 ×
(iii) 7 × 50 =
(iv) 89 × 2 =
(v) 36 ÷ 4 =
(vi) 700 ÷ 5 =
24. Which of the following is an even number?
(a) 4785 (b) 3976 (c) 9473 (d) 849
25. Which of the following is the largest odd number?
(a) 6437 (b) 6347 (c) 6473 (d) 6374
26. What answer will you get after multiplying all the digits given on a phone’s
keypad?
27. On the occasion of the Republic Day, a school decides to distribute two
laddoos and one banana to each student. If the school has 1125 students,
how many laddoos and bananas are needed?
28. Fill in the blanks:
(i) The place value of 9 in 38947 is ____________ .
(ii) The predecessor of 4200 is ____________ .
(iii) 4000 + 389 = 2000 +
(iv) The successor of 3499 is ____________ .
(v) VI + IV + II + VIII =

105
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
29. In a certain code language ‘743’ means ‘bananas are good’, ‘657’ means
‘eat good food’ and 934 means ‘bananas are ripe’. Which digit means ‘ripe’
in that language?
(a) 9 (b) 4 (c) 7 (d) 5
30. Rajdhani Express leaves New Delhi at 2120 hours. What is the time in
12-hour clock?

Answer Key
1. (iii)
2. (ii)
3. 7 sq.cm
4. A
5. d
6. 9 l 600ml
7. 104 notes
8. 1 kg and 5 kg
9. D
10. (i) 16 m (ii) 22 m (iii) 14 m (iv) 10 m (v) 14 m
11. (i) 60 books (ii) 40 books (iii) 180 books (iv) Tuesday and Saturday
12. (i) b (ii) a (iii) d (iv) c
13. (i) 50 students (ii) 100 students (iii) 100 students
14. (i) 7 years (ii) Nisha (iii) 25 years (iv) Nisha, Ravi, Rashi, Mohan
15. Radii are equal
16. 3
17. 50 pages
18. b
19. 77
20. 50 mm

106
 M E N T A L
M A T H S
21. 86 fruits
22. 80 cm
23. (i) 6 (ii) 3 (iii) 350 (iv) 178 (v) 9 (vi) 140
24. b
25. c
26. Zero
27. 2250 laddoos, 1125 bananas
28. (i) 900 (ii) 4199 (iii) 2389 (iv) 3500 (v) 20
29. A
30. 9:20 p.m.

107