JMBF Annual State of Torture and Extrajudicial Killing in Bangladesh 2023

Defending Human Rights, Fighting for Social Justice
Defending Empowering
Human Rights, Fighting for Social Justice
Communities
Empowering Communities
ANNUAL REPORT 2023
STATE OF TORTURE &

EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLINGS IN
BANGLADESH
JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMBF)

JusticeMakers Bangladesh (JMBD)
www.jmbf.org
ANNUAL STATE OF TORTURE AND EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLINGS IN BANGLADESH 2023
Edited by:
Advocate Shahanur Islam
Founder President
&
Founder Secretary General
Email: shahanur.islam@jmbf.org
Blog: https://www.shahanur.blogspot.com
Published at & on:

Paris, France , June 26, 2024
Funded by:
JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMBF) is seeking
small grants, either individually or institutionally, to
publish the "Annual State of Torture and Extrajudicial
Killing in Bangladesh 2023" report in book format for
further advocacy efforts. If you wish to donate towards
the publication of this report, please contact us.
Published by:
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Copyright © JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMBF), 2024. All rights reserved. No

part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior permission of JMBF.
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1. JUSTICEMAKERS BANGLADESH IN FRANCE (JMBF)
The JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMBF) is an independent

non-profit, nonpartisan human rights organization registered in
France with registration number W931027714 under the association
law of 1901, dedicated to defending human rights, fighting for justice,
and empowering communities in Bangladesh and beyond.
Overall objectives:
The overall objective of JMBF is to contribute to the defense, promotion, education,

protection, and realization of human rights, including civil and political rights, regardless
of sex, caste, race, and faith.
Aims of JMBF:
i. The aims of JMBF are to defend against all forms of discrimination and
impunity against sexual (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer,
intersex+), ethnic-Indigenous, religious (Hindu, Buddhist, Christian,
Ahmedia) and social (Dalit), minority communities, as well as victims of
torture, extrajudicial killing, forced disappearance, and organized violence,
including women and children, by assisting individuals throughout
Bangladesh who have little or no access to human rights resources.
ii. In addition, JMBF aims to extend support to human rights defenders,
lawyers, journalists, bloggers, and artists at risk who are dealing with
human rights violations in Bangladesh.
iii. JMBF also aims to enable access to existing support services for
Bangladeshi-origin asylum seekers, refugees, and immigrants living in
France.
Specific Objectives of JMBF:
The specific objectives of JMBF include, but are not limited to:
I. Upholding the United Nations principles and Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, as well as the European Protocol & Convention of Human Rights, in
Bangladesh.
II. Materializing truth, justice, and complete reparation for serious violations of
human rights of minority people in Bangladesh, through legal and political
actions at the international, national, and local levels where human rights have
been systematically violated
-2-
III. Ensuring physical, legal, and moral support, as well as social and economic
reintegration, to victims of human rights violations against minority people
throughout Bangladesh.
IV. Ensuring education, awareness, training, and dissemination of information

related to global human rights instruments among local-level professionals to
prevent all forms of human rights violations against minority people.
V. Ensuring access to support from human rights organizations for victims of

human rights violations, which will lead to building up institutions and human
rights defenders at the community level in Bangladesh.
VI. Sensitizing on specific issues of human rights violations, conducting lobbying,

campaigning, and advocacy activities at the national and international levels
based on research findings on legal and human rights aspects, to protect and
promote human rights in Bangladesh.
VII. Ensuring easy access to support services provided by the Republic of France
for Bangladeshi refugees, asylum seekers, and immigrants living in France, by
disseminating information and establishing a strong reference mechanism.
-3-
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER A : ORGANIZATION
1. About JMBF 02
2. Table of Content 04
3. JMBF President Forward 06
4. Legal Frame Work 07
CHAPTER B : EXECUTIVE SUMMERY
1. Introduction 09
2. Torture and Extrajudicial Killings

§ Total Incidents 10
§ Gender Profiles of Victims 11
§ Geographic Distribution 12
§ Political Profiles of Victims 14
§ Professional Profiles of Victims 15
§ Profiles of Perpetrators 17
§ Methods of Violence 18
§ Legal Remedies 20
3. Extrajudicial Killings
§ Perpetrators' Profiles 27
§ Methods of Extrajudicial Killing 29
4. Torture & Gun Shooting

§ Perpetrators' Profiles 37
§ Methods of Physical Injury 38
CHAPTER C: CASE STUDY
1. Extrajudicial Killings
§ Death Due to Torture By Police 41
§ Death Due to Consequence of Police Torture 47
§ Death Due to Torture by DB Police 49
§ Death Due to Torture by RAB 51
§ Death Due to Torture by Village Police 52
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§ Death Due to Gunshot by Police 53
§ Death Due to Firing by Police at Garment
Workers Demonstration 54
§ Death Due to Firing by Police at Political
Democratic Movement 57
§ Death Due to Gunshot by APBN 60
§ Death Due to Gunshot by Joint Forces 62
§ Death Due to Gunshot by RAB 63
§ Death Due to Gunshot by Coast Guard 65
§ Death Due to Gunshot by BGB 66
§ Death Due to Torture in Prison 67
§ Death Due to Negligence in Police Custody 68
2. Injury Caused Due to Gunshot

§ Injury Caused Due to Gunshot by BGB 69
§ Injury Caused Due to Gunshot by Army 60
§ Injury Caused Due to Gunshot by Police 71
3. Injury Caused Due to Torture

§ Injury Caused Due to Torture by Police 72
§ Police Brutality During Political Parties
Democratic Movement 81
§ Injury Caused Due to Torture by DB Police 96
§ Injury Caused Due to Torture by Traffic Police 97
§ Injury Caused Due to Torture by Village Police 100
§ Police Torture on Journalists 101
§ Police Torture on Lawyers 106
§ Police Torture on Teachers 109
§ Police Torture on General Students 111
§ Police Torture on Student Leaders 113
§ Police Torture on Farmers 115
§ Police Torture on Children 118
4. Legal Remedy
§ Police in jail Custody due to Alledge Torture 119
§ Case Filed Against Police due to Alledge Torture 120
CHAPTER D : CONCLUTION
1. Recommendations to Address the Violence 122

§ Strengthening Legal Frameworks and Enforcement
§ Enhancing Accountability and Oversight
§ Providing Support and Remedies for Victims
§ Building Institutional Capacity
§ Fostering National and International Collaboration
§ Promoting Awareness and Education
§ Ensuring Political Will and Commitment
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3. JMBF FOUNDER PRESIDENT’S FORWARD
Dear Friends, Colleagues, and Supporters,
I am honored to present to you the Annual

State of Torture and Extrajudicial Killings in
Bangladesh for 2023, released on June 26,
2024, from Paris, France, in alignment with
the International Day in Support of Victims
of Torture. This report, compiled by
JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France
(JMBF), details the extensive human rights
violations by law enforcement agencies in
Bangladesh.
Despite constitutional prohibitions,

Bangladesh faces ongoing issues of torture,
extrajudicial killings, and degrading
treatment. In 2023, these abuses were alarmingly prevalent, affecting individuals from
diverse backgrounds and professions.
Our documentation highlights 148 incidents involving torture, extrajudicial killings, and
inhumane treatment, impacting 1,842 individuals. The Dhaka Division reported the
highest number of incidents, with 72 incidents affecting 1,058 victims. Members of the
Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) were predominantly targeted, with 51 incidents
resulting in 1,453 victims.
Law enforcement agencies, particularly the Police, were involved in 125 incidents
victimizing 1,809 individuals. Other agencies, including RAB, the Detective Branch (DB),
and Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB), also played significant roles in these abuses.
This report underscores the urgent need for accountability and reform within
Bangladesh’s law enforcement agencies. We call upon the national and international
community to intensify efforts to combat these violations and support the victims in their
pursuit of justice.
Your continued support and advocacy are vital in our fight against these human rights
violations. Together, we can strive to create a Bangladesh where justice and human
dignity prevail.
In solidarity,

Founder President
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4. LEGAL FRAMEWORK
In Bangladesh, the fight against torture and extrajudicial killings is rooted in a strong legal
framework that encompasses constitutional safeguards, legislative provisions,
international commitments, and institutional mechanisms. However, the efficacy of these
legal protections is often undermined by enforcement issues and procedural
shortcomings.
Constitutional Safeguards: The Constitution of Bangladesh is the fundamental pillar for

the protection of human rights. Article 31 provides every citizen with protection from
actions that are detrimental to their life, liberty, body, reputation, or property unless it is
sanctioned by law. 1 This is further reinforced by Article 32, which ensures that no person
is deprived of life or personal liberty without due legal process2. Article 35(5) explicitly
prohibits torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment,3 reflecting
Bangladesh's commitment to preserving human dignity.
Torture and Custodial Death (Prevention) Act 2013: This significant legislation
explicitly aims to prevent and punish torture and custodial deaths. It defines torture in a
comprehensive manner, encompassing physical and mental suffering inflicted by public
officials for various coercive purposes4. The Act prohibits torture and custodial deaths,
with Section 15 imposing up to five years of imprisonment for torture and prescribing
life imprisonment for custodial deaths. 5 This Act signifies a major step towards
institutionalizing accountability and safeguarding the rights of detainees.
Code of Criminal Procedure 1898: The Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) 1898
provides detailed procedures for criminal investigations and the treatment of individuals
in custody. Section 54 provides guidelines for lawful arrests without warrants, ensuring
that arrests are justified and legal.6 Section 167 mandates judicial oversight, requiring
that detainees be presented before a magistrate within 24 hours of arrest, thereby
preventing arbitrary detention and abuse.7
Penal Code 1860: The Penal Code 1860 criminalizes acts of torture and extrajudicial
killings, imposing severe penalties. Section 302 prescribes the death penalty or life
imprisonment for murder 8 while Section 304 addresses culpable homicide not
amounting to murder, imposing up to ten years of imprisonment or life imprisonment
and fines.9 Section 330 specifically addresses physical assault, prescribing up to seven
years of imprisonment for causing harm to extract a confession10.
1 http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-367/section-
24579.html#:~:text=To%20enjoy%20the%20protection%20of,%2C%20liberty%2C%20body%2C%20reputation%20or
2 http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-367/section-24580.html
24583.html#:~:text=(5)%20No%20person%20shall%20be,or%20degrading%20punishment%20or%20treatment.
3131.html#:~:text=Whoever%20commits%20murder%20shall%20be,also%20be%20liable%20to%20fine.
3182.html#:~:text=The%20Penal%20Code%2C%201860%20%7C%20330,to%20compel%20restoration%20of%20property
-7-
International Commitments: Bangladesh's commitment to international human rights
standards is evidenced by its ratification of several key treaties. Despite reserving Article
14 of the United Nations Convention Against Torture (UNCAT), Bangladesh ratified the
convention in 1998, committing to prevent and punish acts of torture and inhuman
treatment 11 . Additionally, Bangladesh ratified the International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights (ICCPR) in 2000, which ensures the right to life and protection against
torture and ill-treatment. 12 These treaties embed crucial human rights principles into
Bangladesh's national legal framework.
Judicial Oversight and Accountability Mechanisms: The judiciary plays a vital role in
upholding human rights and ensuring accountability. Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
allows individuals and organizations to file petitions addressing fundamental rights
violations, including torture and extrajudicial killings. 13 Courts can order independent
investigations into such allegations, ensuring impartiality and accountability.
Institutional Mechanisms: Several institutions are tasked with preventing and

addressing torture and extrajudicial killings. The National Human Rights Commission
(NHRC) investigates human rights violations and recommends actions. 14 The Police
Complaint Cell investigates complaints against police officers, including torture and
unlawful killings. The Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) has internal mechanisms to
investigate misconduct, though their effectiveness is often scrutinized.
While Bangladesh has a comprehensive legal framework to address torture and

extrajudicial killings, the effectiveness of these laws depends on their implementation.
Ensuring justice and protecting citizens' fundamental rights require robust enforcement,
enhanced transparency, and increased accountability. Continuous efforts to strengthen
these mechanisms are crucial for aligning national practices with international human
rights standards, thereby fostering a safer and more just society.
11 https://treaties.un.org/Pages/showActionDetails.aspx?objid=080000028003de65&clang=_en
12 https://treaties.un.org/Pages/showActionDetails.aspx?objid=08000002800056cd&clang=_en
14 https://nhrc.org.bd/site/page/1c65dfa1-f9c2-48e9-a66b-eab8de75d9b1/-
-8-
CHAPTER B: EXECUTIVE SUMMERY
1. INTRODUCTION
Despite notable reductions in extrajudicial killings due to U.S. sanctions on the Rapid
Action Battalion (RAB) and other high-level police officials, Bangladesh continued to
grapple with widespread torture, extrajudicial killings, degrading behavior, and other
human rights violations by law enforcement agencies throughout 2023 across the
country.
Particularly alarming were politically

motivated fabricated cases, arbitrary
arrests, torture, and excessive use of force
during democratic movements organized
by most opposition political parties,
including the Bangladesh Nationalist Party
(BNP), which demanded national
parliamentary elections under a caretaker
government and called for the resignation
of the present ruling government.
Additionally, garment factory workers

demanding an increase in the minimum
wage faced similar abuses, reflecting a
broader pattern of human rights violations
by law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh
in 2023.
Although the Constitution of the People's

Republic of Bangladesh guarantees the
prohibition of all forms of torture and
extrajudicial killings, and despite
continuous urging by national and international human rights organizations, civil society,
and the international community, violations by law enforcement agencies persist
systematically.
-9-
2. TORURTE, EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLING AND INHUMAN TRATMENT
2.1. TOTAL INCIDENTS
In 2023, JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMB) meticulously documented 148

incidents of torture, extrajudicial killings, and inhuman and degrading treatment,
impacting 1,842 individuals across Bangladesh. This documentation relied on continuous
monitoring of online news media published from Bangladesh and abroad from January to
December 2023.
Torture and Extra-judicial Killings in 2023
1788 1842
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400 108 148
31 34 9 20
200
0
Death Physical Others Total
Injury
Number of Incidents 31 108 9 148
Number of Victims 34 1788 20 1842
Number of Incidents Number of Victims
Among the incidents and victims, 31 incidents led to the deaths of 34 individuals, 108
incidents resulted in physical injuries to 1,788 individuals, and 9 incidents of inhuman
and degrading behavior victimized 20 individuals across the country.
Violence-wise Incident Ratio 2023
Others
6% Death
21%
Physical Injury
73%
Death Physical Injury Others
- 10 -
Vilence-wise Victim Ratio 2023
Death
Other 2%
1%
Physical Injury
97%
Death Physical Injury Other
Among all incidents and victims of violence, 73% involved torture and gunfire, leading to
physical injuries for 97% of the victims. Additionally, 21% of the incidents involved
physical torture and gunfire, resulting in the loss of life for 2% of the individuals. The
remaining 6% of incidents involved inhuman and degrading behavior, victimizing 1% of
the individuals.
2.2. VICTIMS GENDER PROFILES
Gender-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023
1783
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400 132
16 59
200
0
Male Female
Number of Incident Number of Victim
In 2023, there were 138 incidents of human rights violations by law enforcement
agencies (LEAs) in Bangladesh. Of these, 132 incidents affected males, resulting in 1,783
individuals being victimized through torture, extrajudicial killing, and degrading
behavior. The remaining 16 incidents affected females, leading to 59 individuals being
victimized.
- 11 -
In 2023, data reveals that 79% of all incidents of human rights violations by law
enforcement agencies in Bangladesh resulted in male victims, constituting 97% of the
total victims. In contrast, the remaining 11% of incidents victimized females, accounting
for 3% of the overall victims.
Gender-wise Incident Female

Gender-wise Victim
Ratio, 2023 3% Ratio, 2023
Female
11%
Male
89% Male
97%
Male Female Male Female
2.3. VICTIMS GEOGRAPHIC PROFILES
In 2023, among the total incidents and victims reported, the Dhaka Division stood out
with the highest number of human rights violations. It recorded 72 incidents, which
affected 1,058 victims, highlighting a significant concentration of violations in the capital
region of Bangladesh. Following Dhaka, the Chittagong Division reported 30 incidents
that resulted in 192 victims.
Division-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023

1,200
1058
1,000
800
600
400
222
192
200 138
72 85
50 39 58
30 13 5 7 9 8 4
0
Dhaka Chittagong Rajshahi Khulna Sylhet Rangpur Barisal Mymensing
- 12 -
The Rajshahi Division experienced 13 incidents affecting 85 individuals, while the Khulna
Division recorded 5 incidents with 50 victims. The Rangpur Division reported 9 incidents
impacting 39 people, and the Barishal Division documented 8 incidents causing harm to
138 victims. Lastly, the Mymensingh Division noted 4 incidents involving 58 individuals.
Division-wise Incident Ratio, 2023

Rangpur
6% Barisal Mymensing
5% 3%
Sylhet
5%
Khulna
3% Dhaka
49%
Rajshahi
9%
Chittagong
20%
In 2023, among the incidents and victims, Dhaka Division emerged with the highest
concentration, accounting for 49% of reported incidents, which affected 57% of the total
victims nationwide. Chittagong Division followed, where 20% of incidents resulted in
10% of victims. Rajshahi Division reported 9% of incidents, affecting 5% of victims, while
Khulna Division recorded 3% of incidents and victims alike.
Division-wise Victim Ratio, 2023

Mymensing
Rangpur Barisal 3%
2% 8%
Sylhet
12%
Khulna
3% Dhaka
Rajshahi 57%
5%
Chittagong
10%
Sylhet Division documented 5% of incidents but saw disproportionately high

victimization at 12%, indicating a critical area of concern. Rangpur Division reported 6%
of incidents affecting 2% of victims, while Barishal Division documented 5% of incidents
impacting 8% of victims. Mymensingh Division concluded with 3% of incidents,
correlating to 3% of victims.
- 13 -
2.4. VICTIMS POLITICAL PROFILES
In 2023, among the incidents and victims, 51 incidents were perpetrated against the main
opposition political party, Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), resulting in 1,453 leaders,
activists, and supporters of BNP and its affiliated wings being victimized through killings,
torture, and other forms of violations by law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh.
Political Party-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023
1600 1453
1400
1200
1000
800
600
363
400
51 86
200 5 6 6 20
0
BNP AL Other Non-Political
Additionally, 5 incidents targeted members of the Bangladesh Awami League and its
affiliated wing, victimizing 6 activists. Other political parties also experienced violence in
6 incidents, affecting 20 individuals, while non-political individuals experienced 86
incidents that victimized 363 people.
Political Party-wise Incident Ratio, 2023
BNP
35%
Non-Political
58%
Other AL
4% 3%
In 2023, among the incidents and victims, 35% of incidents targeted the Bangladesh
Nationalist Party (BNP) and its affiliated wings, resulting in 79% of victims being leaders,
activists, and supporters of BNP and its affiliated wings who suffered extrajudicial
killings, torture, and other human rights violations by law enforcement agencies.
- 14 -
Political Party-Wise Victim Ratio, 2023
Non-Political
AL+ Other 20%
1%
BNP
79%
BNP AL+ Other Non-Political
Non-political individuals experienced 58% of incidents, with 20% of these individuals

falling victim to these abuses. The remaining 1% of victims were distributed among other
political parties, while 3% of incidents targeted activists of the ruling Bangladesh Awami
League, and 4% of incidents targeted other political groups and their affiliated wings
2.5. VICTIMS PROFESSIONAL PROFILES
In 2023, different professional individuals were targeted by law enforcement agencies.

Among the incidents and victims, politicians were targeted in 13 incidents, resulting in
32 individuals being victimized. Farmers faced 4 incidents, affecting 5 individuals.
Profession-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023

1566
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
107 83
200 13 32 4 5 6 13 24 12 13 4 62 13 33
0
on
r
t
an
an
er
t
r
en
lis
ye
ke
rm
sm
ci
w
na
ud
w
or
i
kn
lit
Fa
La
es
ur
sW
St
Po
Un
sin
Jo
t
en
Bu
rm
Ga
Garment workers were victimized in 6 incidents, with a total of 107 individuals affected.
Students were targeted in 13 incidents, with 24 individuals victimized. Businessmen
were targeted in 13 incidents, resulting in 12 victims. Lawyers were targeted in 4
- 15 -
incidents, with 62 individuals affected. Journalists faced 13 incidents, resulting in 33
individuals being victimized. Lastly, there were 83 incidents involving individuals of
unknown professions, leading to a total of 1566 victims.
Profession-wise Incident Ratio, 2023
Farmer
2% Garments Worker
Politician 4%
9% Student
9%
Businessman
Unknwon 8%
56%
Journalist
9%
Lawyer
3%
Politician Farmer Garments Worker Student Businessman Lawyer Journalist Unknwon
Among the total incidents and victims, politicians were targeted in 9% of incidents,
resulting in 2% of individuals being victimized. Farmers faced 2% of incidents, affecting
less than 1% of individuals. Garment workers were victimized in 4% of incidents, with
6% of the total victims affected.
Profession-wise Victim Ratio, 2023

Politician Farmer Garments
Student Worker Businessman
2% 0% 1% 6%
Lawyer 1%
3%
Journalist
2%
Unknwon
85%
Students were targeted in 9% of incidents, with 1% of individuals victimized.

Businessmen were targeted in 8% of incidents, resulting in 1% of the victims. Lawyers
were targeted in 3% of incidents, with 3% of individuals affected. Journalists faced 9% of
incidents, resulting in 2% of individuals being victimized. Lastly, there were 56% of
incidents involving individuals of unknown professions, leading to 85% of the total
victims of different violations perpetrated by law enforcement agencies.
- 16 -
2.6. PERPETRATORS PROFESSIONAL PROFILES
In 2023, among the incidents and victims, the Police, accounting for the majority,
perpetrated 125 incidents resulting in 1,809 victims—the highest among all agencies.
The Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) followed with 5 incidents affecting 6 individuals, while
the Detective Branch of Police (DB) and Armed Police Battalion (APBN) each reported 3
incidents victimizing 3 and 2 individuals, respectively.
Perpetrator-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023
2000 1809 1842

1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
125 148
200 5 6 3 3 2 2 3 7 1 1 2 6 1 1 6 7
0
Police RAB DB APBN BGB Joint Cost Army Other Total
Force Gaurd
Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) reported 3 incidents affecting 7 individuals, and the
Coast Guard documented 2 incidents impacting 6 individuals. Joint Force and the Army
were involved in 1 incident each, victimizing 1 individual apiece. Additionally, other
agencies were implicated in 6 incidents, affecting 7 individuals.
Perpetrator-wise Total Incident Ratio 2023

Joint Army Other
Force 1% Cost
4% Gaurd
APBN BGB1%
DB 1% 1%
2%
2%
RAB
3%
Police
85%
Police RAB DB APBN BGB Joint Force Cost Gaurd Army Other
- 17 -
In 2023, among the incidents and victims, the Police emerged as the primary perpetrator,
accounting for 85% of reported incidents of violence, which significantly affected 98% of
the total victims. The remaining 2% of individuals were victimized in the remaining 15%
of incidents, with the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) involved in 3% of incidents.
Perpetrator-wise Total Victim Ratio 2023

Other
2%
Police
98%
Police Other
The Detective Branch of Police (DB) and Armed Police Battalion (APBN) each perpetrated
2% of incidents, while Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) accounted for 2% of incidents.
The Coast Guard, Joint Force, and Army each perpetrated 1% of incidents. Additionally,
other agencies collectively accounted for 4% of incidents of human rights violations in
2023.
2.7. METHODS OF VIOLENCE
In 2023, law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh employed various methods of violence,

including gun shootings, physical torture, and inhumane or degrading treatment. Among
the incidents, gun shootings were used in 40 cases, victimizing 818 individuals, resulting
in deaths, physical injuries, and psychological trauma.
Method-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023
900 818
729
800
700
600
500
400 275
300
200 93
40 6 9 20
100
0
Gun Shooting Physical Torture Deploying Tear Other
Gas
Number of incident Number of Victim
- 18 -
In 93 incidents, physical torture was inflicted, victimizing 729 individuals, leading to
deaths and physical injuries accompanied by psychological trauma. In 6 incidents,
excessive tear gas was deployed, causing physical injuries to 275 individuals. In the
remaining 9 incidents, different methods of inhumane treatment and degrading behavior
were used, resulting in 20 individuals being victimized in 2023.
Method-wise Incident Ratio, 2023

Deploying Tear Gas
4%
Other
6% Gun Shooting
27%
Physical Torture
63%
Gun Shooting Physical Torture Deploying Tear Gas Other
During the reporting period, gun shootings occurred in 27% of cases, victimizing 44% of
individuals involved. Physical torture was reported in 63% of incidents, affecting 40% of
individuals.
Method-wise Victim Ratio, 2023

Other
Deploying Tear Gas 1%
15%
Gun Shooting
44%
Physical Torture
40%
Excessive tear gas was deployed in 4% of cases, causing physical injuries to 15% of those
affected. The remaining 6% of incidents involved inhumane treatment and degrading
behavior, resulting in victimization of 1% of individuals.
- 19 -
2.8. LEGAL REMEDY OF VIOLENCE
In 2023, among the 148 incidents of torture, extrajudicial killings, and other inhumane
treatment or degrading behavior perpetrated by law enforcement authorities, 1842
individuals were victimized.
Legal Remedy-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023
1832
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400 138
200 10 10
0
Case Filing Non Case Filing
Only 10 victims or their family members were able to file criminal cases against the
perpetrators in these incidents of violence. However, in the remaining 128 incidents
involving 1842 victims, individuals were unable to file criminal cases due to various
reasons, including intimidation by law enforcement agencies.
Legal Remedy-wise Incident Ratio, 2023
Case Filing
7%
Non Case Filing

93%
- 20 -
Among the incidents and victims, less than 1% of victims or their family members were
able to file criminal cases against the perpetrators in these incidents of violence,
accounting for 7% of the incidents.
Legal Remedy-wise Victim Ratio, 2023
Case Filing
1%
Non Case Filing

99%
However, in the remaining 93% of incidents, which involved more than 99% of the
victims, individuals were unable to file criminal cases due to various reasons, including
intimidation by law enforcement agencies.
- 21 -
3. EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLINGS
3.1. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
In 2023, law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh carried out 31 incidents of extrajudicial

killings, resulting in the tragic deaths of 34 individuals. The highest number of incidents
occurred in Dhaka Division, where 14 incidents led to the deaths of 16 people. Chittagong
Division followed with 11 incidents resulting in 12 deaths, while Rajshahi Division saw 3
incidents that claimed 3 lives.
Division-wise Number of Death Incidents and

Victims, 2023
34
35 31
30
25
20 16
14
15 11 12
10
3 3 2 2
5 1 1
0
Dhaka Chittagong Rajshahi Sylhet Rangpur Total
Sylhet Division experienced 2 incidents resulting in 2 deaths, and Rangpur Division

reported 1 incident resulting in 1 death. Notably, no incidents of extrajudicial killings
were documented across Khulna, Barishal, and Mymensingh Divisions in 2023.
Division-wise Death Incident Ratio 2023

Rangpur
3%
Sylhet
Rajshahi 6%
10%
Dhaka
45%
Chittagong
36%
Dhaka Chittagong Rajshahi Sylhet Rangpur
- 22 -
Among the total incidents of extrajudicial killings by law enforcement agencies in
Bangladesh, Dhaka Division stands out with the highest incident rate at 45%, resulting in
47% of victims being fatalities. Chittagong follows closely with a 36% incident rate, where
35% of encounters resulted in deaths. Rajshahi Division recorded a lower incident rate
of 10%, with 9% resulting in fatalities. Sylhet and Rangpur Divisions reported incident
rates of 6% and 3% respectively, with corresponding fatality rates of 6% and 3% of the
total incidents and victims.
Division-wise Death Victim Ratio 2023

Sylhet Rangpur
6% 3%
Rajshahi
9%
Dhaka
47%
Chittagong
35%
Dhaka Chittagong Rajshahi Sylhet Rangpur
In 2023, among the 31 incidents of extrajudicial killings in Bangladesh that resulted in

the tragic deaths of 34 individuals, a significant gender disparity was evident. The
overwhelming majority of these incidents (94%) and victims (94%) were male, with 29
incidents targeting males and resulting in 32 deaths. In contrast, incidents involving
females were markedly fewer, accounting for only 6% of the total incidents and victims.
Gender-wise Death Incidents and Victims, 2023
32
35 29
30
25
20
15
10
2 2
5
0
Male Female
- 23 -
Specifically, in 2023, there were 2 incidents resulting in the deaths of 2 women. One of
these incidents involved Sultana Jesmin, a female government employee who allegedly
died due to torture by the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) in Naogaon, northern Bangladesh,
after being detained without formal criminal charges.
Gender-wise Death Incident and Victim Ratio,

2023
Female
6%
Male
94%
Male Female
In 2023, extrajudicial killings by law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh revealed a

concerning pattern regarding the political affiliation of victims. Bangladesh Nationalist
Party (BNP) and its affiliated groups were targeted in 8 incidents of extrajudicial killings,
resulting in the deaths of 9 of its members.
Political Party-wise Death Incident and Victim,

2023
25 22
20
20
15
9
8
10
3 3
5
0
BNP Other Non-Political
Members of other political parties experienced 3 incidents with 3 lives lost, while non-
political individuals were affected in 20 incidents, resulting in 22 deaths. This data
- 24 -
strongly indicates a potential targeting of individuals linked to opposition political
parties, especially the BNP, raising serious human rights concerns about the impartiality
and accountability of law enforcement practices.
Political Party-wise Death Incident Ratio, 2023
BNP
26%
Non-Political Other
64% 10%
Among the incidents of extrajudicial killings in Bangladesh, 26% were perpetrated

against members of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and its affiliated wings,
resulting in 26% of victims dying. Incidents targeting other political parties accounted for
10%, with 9% of their members becoming victims.
Political Party-wise Victim Ratio, 2023
BNP
26%
Non-Political Other
65% 9%
The majority, comprising 64% of the incidents of extrajudicial killings, were perpetrated
against non-political individuals, victimizing 9% of non-political persons. These statistics
underscore the disproportionate targeting of political affiliations and the significant
impact on both political and non-political segments of society.
- 25 -
In 2023, extrajudicial killings by law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh highlighted a

diverse range of professions among victims. Politicians were targeted in 4 incidents,
resulting in the deaths of 4 individuals.
Profession-wise Death Incidents and Victims,

2023
19
20
17
18
16
14
12
10
8
5 5
6 4 4 4
3
4 2 2
2
0
Politician Farmer Garments Businessman Unknwon
Worker
Farmers faced 2 incidents with 2 fatalities, while garments workers were victimized in 3
incidents resulting in 4 deaths. Businessmen experienced 5 incidents with 5 fatalities. The
largest group affected were individuals with unknown professions, comprising 17
incidents and 19 deaths.
Profession-wise Death Incident Ratio, 2023
Politician
13% Farmer
6%
Garments Worker
Unknwon 10%
55%
Businessman
16%
Politician Farmer Garments Worker Businessman Unknwon
- 26 -
Among the incidents of extrajudicial killings documented, politicians were targeted in
13% of cases, resulting in a fatality rate of 12% among them. Farmers were victims in 6%
of incidents, with a corresponding fatality rate of 6%.
Profession-wise Death Victim Ratio, 2023
Politician Farmer
12% 6%
Garments Worker
12%
Unknwon
56%
Businessman
14%
Politician Farmer Garments Worker Businessman Unknwon
Garment workers faced 10% of these incidents, resulting in a death toll of 12% among
them. Businessmen experienced 16% of incidents, with 14% of them losing their lives.
The majority, comprising 55% of all incidents, targeted individuals from unidentified
professions, and this group accounted for 56% of the victims
3.5. PERPETRATORS PROFILES
In 2023, among the total incidents and victims of extrajudicial killings in Bangladesh, the
perpetrators' professional profile reveals a distribution across various law enforcement
agencies. Police were involved in the highest number of incidents, totaling 19, which
resulted in 21 victims.
Perpetrator-wise Death Incidents and Victims,

2023
25 21
19
20
15
10
5 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
0
Police RAB DB APBN BGB Joint Cost Other
Force Gaurd
- 27 -
Perpetrator-wise Death Incident Ratio, 2023
Coast Gaurd
3%
BGB Other
Joint Force 6%
3%
3%
APBN
7%
DB
7% Police
RAB 61%
10%
Police RAB DB APBN BGB Joint Force Coast Gaurd Other
The Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) was involved in 3 incidents, leading to 3 victims, while
both the Detective Branch (DB) and the Armed Police Battalion (APBN) were implicated
in 2 incidents each, resulting in 2 victims each. The Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB), Joint
Force, Village Police, and Prison Guard were each involved in 1 incident of extrajudicial
killing, resulting in 1 death each. Additionally, the Coast Guard conducted 1 incident of
extrajudicial killing resulting in 2 deaths.
Perpetrator-wise Death Victim Ratio, 2023

Joint
Coast Gaurd
Force
6%
3% BGB Other
3% 6%
APBN
6%
DB
6% Police
RAB 61%
9%
Police RAB DB APBN BGB Joint Force Coast Gaurd Other
Among the incidents of extrajudicial killings documented, police were responsible for
61% of the cases, while the remaining 39% of incidents were perpetrated by other law
enforcement agencies. These included the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB), Armed Police
Battalion (APBN), Detective Branch of Police (DB), Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB), Joint
Force, Coast Guard, Village Police, and Prison Staff. This distribution highlights the
involvement of various law enforcement entities in such incidents, reflecting a broader
systemic issue within Bangladesh's security apparatus.
- 28 -
3.6. METHODS OF EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLING
Method-wise Death Incidents and Victims, 2023
18
18
17.5
17
16.5 16 16
16
15.5 15
15
14.5
14
13.5
Gun Shooting Physical Torture
In 2023, extrajudicial killings in Bangladesh by law enforcement agencies involved two

primary methods: gun shootings and physical torture. Among the total incidents and
victims of extrajudicial killings, gun shootings were reported in 15 incidents, resulting in
18 victims. Physical torture, on the other hand, occurred in 16 incidents, victimizing 16
individuals. These methods highlight different forms of lethal force and abusive practices
used by authorities, raising significant human rights concerns.
Method-wise Death Incident Ratio, 2023
Gun Shooting
Physical Torture
48%
52%
- 29 -
Among the incidents of extrajudicial killings documented in 2023, 52% of incidents
involved physical torture, resulting in a fatality rate of 47%. Gun shootings accounted for
the remaining 48% of victims who died, constituting 53% of the incidents.
Method-wise Death Victim Ratio, 2023
Physical Torture
47% Gun Shooting
53%
These statistics underscore the brutal methods employed in extrajudicial killings,

highlighting severe human rights violations and the lethal consequences faced by affected
individuals. The data paints a grim picture of the methods used by law enforcement
agencies, indicating a pressing need for accountability and reform to protect human
rights in Bangladesh.
- 30 -
4. TORTURE BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES
4.1. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
In 2023, a total of 1,808 individuals in Bangladesh suffered from physical injuries and
psychological trauma due to torture, gunshots, tear gas deployment, and inhumane
treatment by law enforcement agencies across 117 incidents. Among these incidents and
victims, Dhaka Division reported the highest number of incidents, totaling 58, which
affected 1,042 victims.
Division-wise Number of Injury Incidents and

Victims 2023
1808
2000
1500
1042
1000
500 180 220 138 117

58 19 10 82 5 50 5 8 38 8 4 58
0
a
l
ng
al
ng
hi
na
et
ur
ta
ak
h
ha
lh
p
o
si
ul
To
ris
ng
Dh
ag
Sy
en
js
Kh
Ba
Ra
itt
Ra
ym
Ch
M
Chittagong followed with 19 incidents and 180 victims, while Rajshahi reported 10
incidents with 82 victims. Khulna and Sylhet Divisions each had 5 incidents, impacting
50 and 220 victims respectively. Rangpur Division reported 8 incidents with 38 victims,
Barishal Division had 8 incidents with 138 victims, and Mymensingh Division reported 4
incidents with 58 victims.
Division-wise Injury Incident Ratio 2023

Barishal Mymensing
7% 3%
Rangpur
Sylhet 7%
4%
Khulna
4% Dhaka
Rajshahi 50%
9%
Chittagong
16%
Dhaka Chittagong Rajshahi Khulna Sylhet Rangpur Barishal Mymensing
- 31 -
In 2023, incidents of physical injury due to torture and gunshot wounds were
disproportionately concentrated in Dhaka Division, which accounted for 50% of reported
incidents, affecting 58% of the total victims nationwide. Chittagong Division followed
with 16% of incidents resulting in 10% of victims.
Division-wise Injury Victim Ratio 2023

Barishal Mymensing
8% 3%
Rangpur
2%
Sylhet
12%
Khulna
3% Dhaka
58%
Chittagong
Rajshahi 10%
4%
Dhaka Chittagong Rajshahi Khulna Sylhet Rangpur Barishal Mymensing
Rajshahi Division reported 9% of incidents, affecting 4% of victims, while Khulna Division

recorded 4% of incidents and victims at 3% each. Sylhet Division documented 4% of
incidents but saw a higher victimization rate at 12%. Rangpur Division reported 7% of
incidents affecting 2% of victims, while Barishal Division documented 7% of incidents
impacting 8% of victims. Mymensingh Division concluded with 3% of incidents,
correlating to 3% of victims..
Gender-wise Injury Incidents and Victims, 2023
1751
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400 103
14 57
200
0
Male Female
- 32 -
Gender-wise Injury Incident Ratio, 2023
Female
12%
Male
88%
Male Female
In 2023, out of 117 reported incidents, 103 involved male victims, while only 14 involved
female victims of torture by law enforcement agencies. The number of male victims
subjected to torture was significantly higher, totaling 1,751 individuals, compared to 57
female victims.
Gender-wise Injury Victim Ratio, 2023
Female
3%
Male
97%
Male Female
Among the incidents and victims of physical injury documented, 88% of all incidents were
perpetrated against males, constituting 97% of the total victims. In contrast, the
remaining 12% of incidents were perpetrated against females, accounting for 3% of the
overall victims.
- 33 -
In 2023, law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh inflicted physical injuries on members

of different political affiliations. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and its affiliated
groups were targeted in 43 incidents, resulting in higest 1,444 victims.
Political Party-wise Injury Incidents and Victims,

2023
1600 1444
1400
1200
1000
800
600
341
400
200 43 66
5 6 3 17
0
Awami League (AL) members experienced 5 incidents with 6 victims, while other
political parties faced 3 incidents with 17 victims. Non-political individuals were targeted
in 66 incidents victimizing 341 individuals.
Political Party-wise Injury Incident Ratio, 2023
BNP
37%
Non-Political
56%
AL & Other
7%
BNP AL & Other Non-Political
- 34 -
Among the incidents of physical injury documented, 37% were perpetrated against
members of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and its affiliated wings, resulting in
80% of total victims injured. Incidents targeting Bangladesh Awami League's affiliated
wings and other political parties accounted for 7%, with 1% of their members victimized.
Political Party-wise Injury Victim Ratio, 2023

Non-Political
19%
AL & Other
1%
BNP
80%
BNP AL & Other Non-Political
The majority, comprising 56% of the incidents of physical injury, were perpetrated
against non-political individuals, victimizing 19% of non-political persons. These
statistics highlight the disproportionate targeting of political affiliations and the
significant impact on both political and non-political segments of society affected by
physical injury in 2023.
In 2023, incidents of physical injuries inflicted by torture, gunshots, and tear gas
deployment in Bangladesh by law enforcement agencies targeted victims from various
professions. Among these incidents and victims, politicians were subjected to 9 incidents,
resulting in 28 victims.
Profession-wise Injury Incidents and Victims, 2023

1547
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
103 66
200 9 28 2 3 3 13 24 7 8 4 62 13 33
0
an
on
r
t
er
t
n
lis
en
ye
ke
ia
rm
w
w
na
or
ic
ud
kn
ss
La
Fa
lit
sW
ur
St
Un
ne
Po
Jo
t
si
en
Bu
m
ar
G
- 35 -
Farmers encountered 2 incidents with 3 victims, while garment workers suffered 3
incidents that led to injuries for 103 individuals. Students were affected in 13 incidents
with 24 victims, businessmen in 7 incidents with 8 victims, lawyers in 4 incidents with
62 victims, and journalists in 13 incidents with 33 victims of physical injury. The largest
group impacted were individuals of unknown professions, experiencing 66 incidents that
resulted in injuries for 1,547 victims in 2023.
Profession-wise Injury Incident Ratio, 2023
Politician Farmer
8% 2% Garments Worker
3%
Student
11%
Businessman
Unknwon 6%
56%
Journalist
11%
Lawyer
3%
Among the incidents and victims of physical injury documented in 2023, the data reveals
a diverse impact across various professions targeted by law enforcement agencies in
Bangladesh. Politicians faced 8% of these incidents, resulting in 1% of individuals being
victimized. Garment workers encountered 3% of incidents, affecting 6% of the total
victims.
Profession-wise Injury Victim Ratio, 2023

Garments Worker
Politician Student 6%
Other
1% 1% 1%
Lawyer
3%
Journalist
2%
Unknwon
86%
Politician Garments Worker Student Other Lawyer Journalist Unknwon
Students were targeted in 11% of incidents, with only 1% of individuals victimized.

Farmers and businessmen collectively accounted for 8% of incidents, impacting 1% of
individuals. Lawyers experienced 3% of incidents, leading to 3% of individuals being
affected. Journalists were involved in 11% of incidents, resulting in 2% of individuals
- 36 -
being victimized. Lastly, incidents involving individuals of unknown professions
constituted 56%, significantly impacting 86% of the total victims affected by violations
perpetrated by law enforcement agencies.
4.5. PERPETRATORS PROFILES
In 2023, incidents involving physical injuries inflicted by torture, gunshots, and tear gas
deployment by various law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh were reported as
follows: Police were involved in the highest number of incidents, totaling 106, which
resulted in 1,788 victims.
Perpetrator-wise Injury Incident and Victim, 2023

1788
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
106
200 2 3 1 1 2 6 1 4 1 1 4 5
0
Police RAB DB BGB Cost Gaurd Army Other
The Rapid Action Battalion (RAB) was involved in 2 incidents with 3 victims, while the
Detective Branch (DB) and the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) each reported 1 incident,
impacting 1 and 6 victims respectively. The Coast Guard, Army, and other entities were
each involved in 1 incident, resulting in 4, 1, and 5 victims respectively.
Perpetrator-wise Injury Incident Ratio, 2023
Other
9%
Police
91%
Police Other
- 37 -
Among the incidents and victims of physical injury, the majority, accounting for 91% of
reported incidents, were perpetrated by the police, significantly affecting 99% of the total
victims. The remaining 1% of individuals were victimized in the remaining 7% of
incidents, involving agencies such as the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB), Detective Branch
of Police (DB), Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB), Coast Guard, Army, and others.
Perpetrator-wise Injury Victim Ratio, 2023

Other
1%
Police
99%
Police Other
4.6. METHODS OF PHYSICAL INJURY
In 2023, law enforcement agencies in Bangladesh employed various methods that

resulted in significant physical injuries and psychological trauma among individuals.
Among these incidents, gun shootings accounted for 25 incidents, affecting 800 victims.
Method-wise Injury Incident and Victim, 2023

800
800 713
700
600
500
400
275
300
200
77
100 25 6 9 20
0
Number of incident Number of Victim
- 38 -
Physical torture was the most frequent method, with 77 incidents resulting in 713
victims. Deploying tear gas occurred in 6 incidents, leading to 275 victims. Other forms
of inhumane treatment and degrading behavior were reported in 9 incidents, affecting 20
victims.
Method-wise Injury Incident Ratio, 2023

Deploying Tear Gas
5%
Other
8% Gun Shooting
21%
Physical Torture
66%
During the reporting period in 2023, incidents of physical injury involving law
enforcement agencies in Bangladesh revealed concerning statistics. Gun shootings were
reported in 21% of cases, victimizing 44% of the injured individuals. Physical torture
accounted for 66% of incidents, affecting 40% of individuals.
Method-wise Injury Victim, 2023

Other
1%
Deploying Tear Gas

15%
Gun Shooting
44%
Physical Torture
40%
- 39 -
Excessive tear gas was used in 5% of cases, causing physical injuries to 15% of those
affected. The remaining 8% of incidents involved inhumane treatment and degrading
behavior, resulting in the victimization of 1% of individuals. These figures highlight the
severe human rights violations perpetrated through various methods of violence and
mistreatment.
- 40 -
CHAPTER C: CASE STUDY
1. EXTRAJUDICIAL KILLING
1.1. DEATH DUE TO TORTURE BY POLICE
i. Poultry Businessman Allegedly Died Due to Torture for Extortion During

Police Raid at Residence in Narayanganj
On the night of November 7, 2023, Nurul Islam, a poultry businessman from Burumdi
village in Sonargaon upazila, Narayanganj, tragically passed away following an alleged
incident of torture by two policemen during a raid at his residence.
According to Nurul's daughter, Mithila, ASI Elias and a constable demanded Tk 1 lakh
from her father, threatening him with involvement in a political case if he refused. Despite
agreeing to pay Tk 50,000, Mithila claimed that ASI Elias insisted on the full amount. She
further alleged that ASI Elias handcuffed her father and attempted to forcibly remove him
from the house. A scuffle ensued, during which the policemen allegedly struck Nurul with
sticks, causing him to fall to the ground. Subsequently, they left the premises, and Nurul
tragically succumbed to his injuries.15
ii. Family Alleges Foul Play as Suspect Found Dead, Allegedly Tortured, in
Police Custody in Habiganj
On December 26, 2023, Golam Rabbani, a young man from Baniachong upazila in
Habiganj, was allegedly found hanging in police custody, reportedly after being tortured
by officers of Baniachong Police Station, Moulovibazar. Rabbani, purportedly 25 years old
(although his family insists he was 17), was apprehended earlier in the day from the Boro
Bazar area in connection with two theft cases. Rabbani's brother, Moin, alleged that police
had assured Rabbani's release after questioning him about an alleged auto-rickshaw
theft.
15 https://www.banglanews24.com/english/national/news/bd/131059.details
- 41 -
However, Moin claimed that instead of releasing him, the police tortured Rabbani to
death and staged his suicide by hanging, pointing to injury marks on Rabbani's body as
evidence. The family reported discrepancies in how the police handled the situation,
including delays in informing them about Rabbani's condition and restricting access to
his body.16
iii. Alleged Torture in Police Custody Results in Death at Sarishabari Police

Station, Jamalpur
On December 26, 2023, Anwar Hossain (45) of Chaparkona village under Sarishabari in
Jamalpur district allegedly died due to torture in police custody at Sarishabari Police
Station. Earlier that afternoon, he was arrested in connection with a case. Anwar's family
vehemently claimed that he died as a result of torture while in police custody.
16 https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/suspect-found-hanging-police-station-3504741
- 42 -
Anwar's father, Abdus Samad Dhulu, stated that his son was picked up by police from
Chaparkona market in the presence of the plaintiff. He alleged that Anwar died due to
police torture. Anwar's wife, Alpana Begum, asserted that he was in good health when
taken into custody and alleged that he was subjected to police brutality, leading to his
death. Anwar's sister, Nurjahan Begum, echoed these sentiments, demanding justice for
her brother's alleged killing.17
iv. BNP Leader Dies in Police Custody Amid Allegations of Torture after Being
Hit by Police Van in Sylhet
On October 31, 2023, Dilu Ahmad alias Jilu, a 40-year-old member of the convening
committee of Golapganj Upazila Jubo Dal, allegedly died in police custody due to torture
after being hit by a police van in Sylhet. The incident occurred during a blockade program
when Dilu was seriously injured after being struck by a police vehicle while attempting
to evade a police chase.
BNP leaders and workers reported that Jubo Dal members had gathered on the Dhaka-
Sylhet highway in support of the blockade. When police arrived and pursued them, Dilu
tried to escape on a motorcycle. During the chase, a police van reportedly collided with
his motorcycle, causing him to crash into a tree and sustain severe injuries. Following his
apprehension by the police, Dilu allegedly faced additional torture while in custody. He
later succumbed to his injuries in the afternoon.18
v. Alleged Custodial Death of Businessman Due to Torture in Bhurungamari

Police Station in Kurigram
On June 3, 2023, Ekramul Hossain alias Ershad, a 35-year-old businessman, tragically

passed away in Kurigram district prison under suspicious circumstances following his
arrest by Bhurungamari Police Station on alleged drug peddling charges. Despite no
drugs being found on him, he was detained overnight and transferred to district jail,
17 https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/man-dies-police-custody-sarishabari-3504806
18 https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/district/niap050kpl
- 43 -
where he was initially placed in the jail hospital. As his health deteriorated, he was later
shifted to Kurigram General Hospital, where he was pronounced dead.
Ekramul's family firmly believed that his death was a result of torture inflicted during
police custody. They alleged that police demanded Tk 200,000 from them to avoid
implicating him falsely with drug possession charges. Despite paying Tk 165,000 to the
Officer-in-Charge (OC) Nazrul Islam and Assistant Sub Inspector Raju, Ekramul was not
released. His sister, Shiuli Begum, asserted that the excessive torture he endured while in
custody led to his untimely demise, sparking outrage and demands for justice from the
community and activists alike.19
vi. BNP Leader Allegedly Dies from Police Torture in Comilla, Handcuff Marks
Found on Victim's Hands
On October 30, 2023, Md. Zakir Hossain, president of the Mokam union volunteer team,
tragically lost his life under contentious circumstances in Burichong upazila, Comilla.
19https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/local-
news/qikuinbkhd?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR0GSowWrpCJ3EtkJ75Nq-
XG8LmFJePjVW5ZIkNyq7SODK_Qwr152H9l4j8_aem_ATwFusTGFM3ceQnwpgBB2vTB4-
7F0ugmIwVGvQRe6F5FZkXU9Xu37yfzuoFwacIplPG-9Q8wPQoVlZ_UwnPdIqmJ
- 44 -
According to his family, police officers arrived at Zakir's residence the previous day and
began demanding entry. In an attempt to evade them, Zakir fled through the back door.
Concern grew when he did not return home, leading to the discovery of his body near his
house the following morning. Allegations of police involvement and signs of handcuff
marks on Zakir's hands have fueled suspicions of foul play, though police deny any direct
involvement in his death. Advocate Shariful Islam, vice-president of Burichong Upazila
BNP, has raised concerns about the circumstances surrounding Zakir's death, pointing to
the marks on his hands as evidence of potential police mistreatment.20
vii. Alleged Brutal Death of Yarn Merchant Rabiul Islam Due To Torture in
Basan Police Station, Gazipur
On January 17, 2023, late night, Rabiul Islam (38), a long-time resident of Gazipur but
originally from Shahadatpur village, Pirganj upazila in Rangpur, allegedly died due to
torture while in police custody. The incident unfolded after his arrest by officers from
Basan Police Station on January 14, 2023, at his Guava garden house in Gazipur city.
Relatives of Rabiul Islam assert that he faced severe torture at Basan Police Station post-
arrest, purportedly as he failed to meet ransom demands made by officers. Tragically, five
days later, on January 17, 2023, his wife received a distressing call notifying her of
Rabiul's sudden demise, purportedly in a road accident.21
viii. Alleged Death of Holka Ali due to Police Brutality Results in Protests in
Islampur, Jamalpur
On the night of June 12, 2023, Holka Ali, a reputed gambler, allegedly died due to police
torture during a raid in Direchar Baliamari area of Charputimari Union, Islampur Upazila,
Jamalpur. He was among seven gamblers arrested during the police operation. The
20 https://www.banglatribune.com/country/822304/গভীর-রােত-ে)*ােসবক-দেলর-েনতার-বািড়েত-পুিলশ
21 https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2023-01-18/গাজীপুের-িনয8াতেন-ব9বসায়ী-মৃতু9র-অিভেযােগ-পুিলেশর-২-কম8কত8 া-
?ত9াহার
- 45 -
following day, on June 13, 2023, locals discovered Ali's body near the Paisti area by the
Dashaani riverside.
Allegations surfaced that Ali succumbed to injuries inflicted by police during the gambling
event. Angered by this incident, hundreds of residents protested by carrying Ali’s body in
a march along Digrachar-Benuachar road, demanding justice. Later that evening, a police
team led by Islampur Police Station Officer-in-Charge (OC) Muhammad Majedur Rahman
visited Ali's residence. After discussions with the family and community members, it was
agreed to bury the body without conducting an autopsy, as no formal complaint was
lodged by the family.22
22https://deshchitro.com/upazila/islampur/details/14454?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR0Ot9rMhPyByr9ZOdVqQKahicr
P9_dNVZ_vPrINOJcbMtnlPGbU-FhFC-Q_aem_wbonJLImIqjIIrC1pT0ZqA
- 46 -
1.2. DEATH DUE TO CONSEQUENCE OF POLICE TORTURE
i. BNP Member Dies in Custody Amid Allegations of Physical Torture at Wari
Police Station
On December 1st, 2023, Imtiaz Hasan Bulbul, a member of the Bangladesh Nationalist
Party (BNP) from Dhaka Metropolitan South, died at Suhrawardy Heart Hospital while in
police custody. His family alleges that he endured physical abuse during his detention.
According to them, Bulbul was arrested by Wari Police Station on November 24, where
he allegedly suffered inhumane physical torture before being transferred to Kashimpur
Jail. The family claims that authorities concealed Bulbul's deteriorating health and
subsequent admission to Suhrawardy Hospital. Despite his critical condition, police
purportedly withheld this information from the family until Bulbul passed away on
November 30. His body was later handed over to the police by his nephew and another
relative, supervised by local Jubo League and Tanti League workers. The family asserts
that Bulbul's body exhibited numerous injury marks, suggesting potential physical abuse
during his time in custody.23
ii. Death of BNP Leader Asaduzzaman Khan Hero Due to Consequence of

Alleged Police Torture in Gazipur
On December 1, 2023, Asaduzzaman Khan Hero, the General Secretary of BNP Ward No.
6 in Kawraid Union, Sreepur Upazila, Jaipur district, died under circumstances allegedly
linked to police torture. He was arrested by police at Sreepur railway station on October
28, 2023, while returning home after attending a BNP general meeting.
23 https://www.ittefaq.com.bd/668703/পুিলশ-েহফাজেত-িনয8াতেন-িবএনিপ-েনতার-মৃতু9র
- 47 -
Asaduzzaman Khan Hero was reportedly subjected to torture before being presented in
court and subsequently sent to Kashimpur Jail. Despite his deteriorating health attributed
to the alleged torture, he remained incarcerated in Kashimpur Jail where his condition
worsened, leading to his death on December 1, 2023.24
24 https://sangbad.net.bd/news/politics/110628/
- 48 -
1.3. DEATH DUE TO TORTURE BY DB POLICE
i. Alleged Custodial Death of Alal Uddin Dewan in DB Custody Due to

Torture in Dhaka Raises Concerns
On June 16, 2023, Alal Uddin Dewan, a 50-year-old caretaker of a building in Turag,
Dhaka, allegedly died at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases due to torture
while in the custody of the Detective Branch (DB) of the police. He had been arrested on
June 6, 2023, on charges related to a murder case.
The family alleges that Alal was subjected to severe physical abuse during his time in DB
custody, resulting in his critical condition and eventual death. They claim that Alal was
admitted to the National Institute of Traumatology & Orthopaedic Rehabilitation on June
10, where he received treatment until his death on June 16. Niaz Uddin, who saw Alal's
body, stated that his cousin's legs were broken and there were visible signs of torture on
other parts of his body.25
ii. Alleged Death of Lawyer's Assistant in Police Custody due to Torture in

Bogura
On October 4, 2023, Habibur Rahman Habib, an assistant to a lawyer at Bogura Judge

Court, allegedly died due to torture in the custody of the Detective Branch police in
Bogura. He was apprehended from the court premises on October 3 without a warrant or
FIR. Colleagues and relatives of Habib vehemently alleged that following his arrest, he
was subjected to severe torture at the DB police office, which led to his untimely death.
Subsequently, he was rushed to the district's Government Mohammad Ali Hospital, where
he was pronounced dead around 9:45 pm on Tuesday.
25https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/city/y8178jdnzx?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR0WZdnLC-
XYcyOAl89bXN59PQVIlLSh0d_2BWZ_R51XPZMXJGKC9Uu4Qlo_aem_ATycILCz3bK8rFllEcVFv9tr_L6qVg56TzS530zo_N
gw_hcKmKjgLq7JxwJxXaRAf7-U25JnYYZUWJnKVEgIeCt0
- 49 -
Members of the legal community, including Bogura Judge Court Lawyer Manjurul Haque
and Iqbal Hossain, the general secretary of the Bogura District Bar Association, echoed
calls for a comprehensive investigation into the incident. They emphasized the
importance of ensuring accountability and transparency in the handling of Habib's
case..26
26 https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/man-dies-after-alleged-torture-bogura-police-custody-711866
- 50 -
1.4. DEATH DUE TO TORTURE BY RAB
i. Controversial Death of Government Official Jasmin Sultana Allegedly Due

to Torture in RAB Custody
On March 24, 2023, Jasmin Sultana, an office assistant at Chandipur Union Land Office in
Naogaon Sadar Upazila, allegedly died at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital due to torture
inflicted during her detention by the Rapid Action Battalion (RAB). According to family
members, Sultana was detained by RAB personnel in a white microbus at Mukti More,
Naogaon City, around 10:30 AM on March 22, 2023, while en route to her office. No formal
charges were filed against her at the time of her detention.
Nazmul Haque, Sultana's uncle and former councilor of Naogaon municipality, asserted
that she succumbed to injuries sustained from torture while in RAB custody. The family
initially had no information about her whereabouts until discovering her undergoing
treatment at Sadar Hospital after 12:00 PM on the same day. Upon their arrival, they
found Sultana unable to communicate and later witnessed her transfer to Rajshahi
Medical College Hospital, where she passed away early Friday morning. Medical sources
at the hospital confirmed the presence of a red injury mark on her head.27
27 https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/sued-under-dsa-woman-dies-rab-custody-3281296
- 51 -
1.5. DEATH DUE TO TORTURE BY VILLAGE POLICE
i. Death of Lafaru Islam Allegedly Due to Torture by Village Police in Naogaon
On Friday, August 4, 2023, Lafaru Islam (32) tragically died in the village courtroom in
Porsha, Naogaon, allegedly due to torture inflicted by village police following an
allegation of a stolen bicycle. According to Ashiq, an eyewitness to the incident, both
Lafaru and himself were brought to the UP office by village police in the morning on the
chairman's orders and subjected to severe torture inside the village court. The torture
reportedly involved physical assaults with bamboo sticks, leading to Lafaru's death due
to excessive bleeding.
Local residents have alleged that ruling party leaders influenced the magistrate and
police to circumvent a post-mortem examination and expedite the burial of Lafaru's body.
Furthermore, they claim that evidence, including papers belonging to Lafaru's mother,
was removed from the scene.28
28https://www.dhakapost.com/amp/country/213929?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR3RkNIzlS2u_rf9l2MxfG5WHMQID66
TuO7lU2z6chn7UkaGP5jTkBXSe6w_aem_AfZVWbe32y6wGtBbQNp2Og_1wUgfQigsS4aTL6l1zPZ3jbmBCrK6Ea-
7rD0SrAHS8oJlakIsyYsKAZHT6ZYpN9ET
- 52 -
1.6. DEATH DUE TO GUNSHOT BY POLICE
i. Sajedul Hasan, Alias Munna, Killed in Alleged Shootout with Police in Cox's
Bazar During Gunfight
On August 02, 2023, Sajedul Hasan, alias Munna (33), met his demise in an alleged
shootout with the police in Chakria, Cox's Bazar. A resident of Harbang Qurbania Ghona
area in Sajedul Upazila, Hasan was serving a one-year sentence in connection with a drug
case and was also an accused in a rape case.
The confrontation occurred when a group of policemen, patrolling the Baniyarchhara-

Pahrchanda road aboard CNG-driven auto-rickshaws, was intercepted by six individuals
on two motorcycles at Harbangchra bridge. The purported assailants opened fire at the
police as they disembarked, prompting a retaliatory response from law enforcement. The
exchange of gunfire resulted in Hasan's fatal injury. According to Officer-in-Charge (OC)
Javed Mahmud of Chakaria Police Station, approximately 10 to 12 rounds were
exchanged between the police and the alleged perpetrators during the incident.29
ii. Police Fatally Shoot Ayub Noor During Operation to Arrest Son in
Brahmanbaria
On July 20, 2024, Ayub Noor, aged 60, was allegedly killed by police during an operation
in Vijaynagar, Brahmanbaria, aimed at arresting his son, Arif Noor, wanted in a drug-
related case. The incident took place in the Gabuynnabari area of Adampur in Pattan
union on Thursday morning.
However, relatives of the deceased claimed that around 3:30 PM, unidentified individuals
arrived at their house and fired blank shots. Not recognizing them as police officers and
fearing they were robbers, the family intervened. In the ensuing confusion, Ayub Noor
and several others were shot by the police. Ayub Noor subsequently died while being
transported to the hospital.30
29 https://www.risingbd.com/পুিলেশর-সেC-বDুকযুেE-সাজা?াF-আসািম-িনহত/514771
30 https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/news/2023/07/21/1300759
- 53 -
1.7. DEATH DUE TO FIRING BY POLICE AT GARMENT WORKERS DEMONSTRATION
i. Violent Clashes Between Police and RMG Workers in Gazipur Result in 2

Deaths and 40 Injuries
On October 30, 2023, violent clashes erupted between police and ready-made garment
(RMG) workers in the industrial areas of Ashulia, Savar, and Gazipur, resulting in the
deaths of at least two individuals and injuries to approximately 40 others. Among the
deceased was Russel Hawlader, 25, an electrician at Design Express Limited, who was
fatally shot during the confrontation in Gazipur.
Eyewitnesses reported that the clashes intensified when police attempted to clear the
roads blocked by protesting workers demanding a minimum wage of Tk23,000. The
situation quickly deteriorated as protesters set fire to vehicles, vandalized factories, and
engaged in violent skirmishes with law enforcement officers. In response, the police
deployed tear gas, rubber bullets, and live ammunition to disperse the crowd, leading to
widespread chaos and further injuries.31
ii. Female Garment Worker Killed in Violent Wage Protest Clashes in Gazipur
On November 8, 2023, Anzuara Khatun, a 24-year-old sewing machine operator in a

Konabari garment factory, was killed, and 30 people were injured in Gazipur as law
enforcers opened fire on workers demonstrating for a minimum monthly wage. The
deceased, Anjuara Khatun, 28, a mother of two, was pronounced dead upon arrival at
Dhaka Medical College Hospital, with pellets found in her forehead, around her ears, and
other parts of her body.
31 https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/rmg-worker-killed-during-protest-gazipur-729690
- 54 -
Anjuara, a sewing machine operator at Islam Garments in Gazipur, left home for work
around 7:30 am, only for the factory to close due to the protests shortly after she arrived.
Her husband, Jamal Badsha, recounted hearing gunshots and later seeing his wife being
carried on a rickshaw van, bleeding from shotgun pellet wounds. Despite being rushed to
a hospital in Konabari and then referred to Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Anjuara died
on the way. 32
iii. Tragic Death of Garment Worker Jalal Uddin Amidst Wage Protests in
Gazipur
On November 12, 2023, garment worker Jalal Uddin, who was shot four days earlier
during a clash between protesting garment workers and police in Gazipur, passed away.
The 42-year-old breathed his last while undergoing treatment at Dhaka Medical College
Hospital, said Md Bachchu Mia, inspector of the DMCH Police Outpost. Jalal was a
supervisor at Islam Garments in Gazipur, and Anjuara was a sewing machine operator at
the same factory.
32https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/demo-rmg-wage-hike-worker-shot-dead-fresh-unrest-
3465151
- 55 -
Garment factory workers have been protesting in Gazipur, Savar, Ashulia, and Dhaka for
the past few weeks, demanding an increase in wages. Despite the government's
announcement of increasing the minimum wage from Tk 8,000 to Tk 12,500, some
workers continued with the protests, demanding a wage between Tk 23,000-25,000. As
part of this demand, workers from several factories in Gazipur protested again on
Wednesday and later clashed with the police. Jalal was shot in Konabari's Jarun area on
his way to work. Inspector Bachchu said that his body was at the hospital morgue.33
33 https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/zqjcycjwfu
- 56 -
1.8. DEATH DUE TO FIRING BY POLICE AT POLITICAL DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENT
i. Violent Clashes in Dhaka: Juba Dal Leader Killed and Over 300 BNP
Activists Injured Amid Police Firing
"On October 28, 2023, Juba Dal leader Shamim Molla died, and approximately 300
members of BNP and affiliated party activists were injured in clashes due to police firing
at Kakrail, Bijaynagar, Nightingale Crossing, and Fakirapool areas of Dhaka. The injured
are currently admitted to various hospitals across the city.
Earlier that day, Kakrail, Sintinagar, Bijaynagar, and Fakirapool witnessed a massive
gathering of BNP activists as hundreds of thousands from different parts of the country
joined a grand BNP rally, despite police efforts to arrest them and other obstacles. The
clash erupted around 12:30 PM when police attempted to stop BNP activists marching
from Nightingale Crossing to Paltan Crossing, eventually spreading to other areas like
Bijaynagar and Paltan Crossing, lasting until evening. Police used rubber bullets, tear gas
shells, sound grenades, and baton charges to disperse the opposition activists.34
ii. Two BNP Members Killed, 25 Injured in Police Firing in Kuliarchar Upazila,
Kishoreganj
"On October 31, 2023, tragic events unfolded in Kuliarchar Upazila, Kishoreganj, resulting
in the deaths of two Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) members and injuries to over 25
individuals due to police firing. The deceased were identified as Md Billal Mia, 40,
President of the Krishak Dal Chhoysuti union unit, and Md Refayet Ullah Tanoy, 21, Vice-
President of the union's Chhatra Dal.
34 https://www.newagebd.net/article/216170/hartal-today-as-bnp-rally-
attacked?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR3B5NVCrtQ_RCf-
PtsVkSFDQqHOfR7QgSB8yhVcL6DLplYYnUVB90SCJvo_aem_AYtZdL45EDzakZzamkD044mZKwL6sLIXn9cjGkvoo5Gpf
Qya0mFy_kGD9HYrb767QCKbsoms6v_fvRSIT3Dp52ml
- 57 -
According to BNP officials, the casualties occurred during a blockade program organized
by the party in the area. Billal Mia succumbed to his injuries on the spot, while Md Refayet
Ullah Tanoy passed away while being transported to a local hospital. Additionally, around
25 other party members sustained critical injuries and were admitted to various medical
facilities for treatment.35
iii. BNP Affiliated Wings Farmers' Party Worker Sajib Killed, Dozens Injured
in Lakshmipur Police Firing
On July 18, 2023, a worker from the Farmers' Party, an affiliate wing of the Bangladesh
Nationalist Party (BNP), was killed and more than fifty individuals were injured following
clashes between police and BNP leaders and workers in Lakshmipur. The deceased
35 https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/politics/countrywide-blockade/news/two-killed-bnp-police-clash-
kishoreganj-3457811?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR2oGNVFXufS-
nMiY_gieBa3TocOgeWDBxFLTRLSQZ2ZYvKHurEfKs4kgUs_aem_ATwCjyN7RkV86WZBKQ2OviEHwrGfk5ZmsFNm4pPo
338WwETOcFcDpdu68-MJCeTVWvWkbdpa3fM8Uyj5ENsI1_Uz
- 58 -
activist, Sajeeb, lost his life during a confrontation that erupted around BNP's padayatra
program.
The march commenced from the residence of Shahid Uddin Chowdhury alias Anyi, the
Central Publicity Secretary of BNP, located in the Godown Road area of the city. The police
attempted to halt the procession near Modern Hospital on Ramgati Road around 4:30 PM.
Despite the police obstruction, the procession continued to move forward, leading to
violent confrontations between BNP leaders, activists, and the police in several areas,
including Jhumur Cinema Hall, Modern Hospital on Ramgati Road, and Matka Mosque in
the district city. The clashes persisted until approximately 5:30 PM, resulting in injuries
to over fifty individuals from both sides.36
iv. Police Firing on BNP Protest: Shaon Mahmud Killed, Dozens Injured in
Narayanganj
On September 1, 2023, Shaon Mahmud alias Akash (20), a member of Enayetnagar Union
Youth Dal and son of Shahed Ali from Enayetnagar area of Sadar Upazila, was killed
during a demonstration by BNP activists in Narayanganj. The incident unfolded during a
celebratory procession marking BNP's 44th founding anniversary, starting at 10:30 a.m.
Police intervened near Railgate No. 2 on Bangabandhu Road, prompting protests that
escalated into lathi charges, tear gas deployment, and gunfire. Over fifty BNP activists
sustained injuries, with Shaon tragically losing his life due to police firing. District BNP
convener Monirul Islam Ravi, senior leader Sujan Mahmud, Tolaram College Chhatra Dal
senior vice president Omar Farooq Nayan, and Sonargaon president Azharul Islam
Mannan were also injured by gunfire. The injured are receiving treatment at various
hospitals, including Narayanganj General Hospital.37
36 https://crimebarta.com/2023/07/18/লIীপুের-পুিলেশর-Jিল/
37 https://bangla.thedailystar.net/top-news/news-388741
- 59 -
1.9. DEATH DUE TO GUNSHOT BY APBN
i. Suspected ARSA Commander Killed in Armed Confrontation with APBN in

Cox's Bazar Rohingya Camp
On the early morning of April 11, 2023, Abdul Mojid, a suspected local commander of the
Myanmar insurgent group ARSA, was killed during an armed confrontation with the
Armed Police Battalion at a Rohingya camp in Ukhia, Cox’s Bazar. Mojid had previously
been accused in four murder cases, marking him as a high-value target for law
enforcement.
The APBN initiated a strategic operation in response to intelligence reports about ARSA
activities in the Rohingya camps. Upon arrival near the house of Hamida Begum in Camp
13, the police team faced immediate hostility from approximately 40-50 ARSA members,
who opened fire from nearby alleyways and hills. The APBN, acting in self-defense,
engaged in a 20-minute firefight with the insurgents. The exchange of fire resulted in the
ARSA members fleeing the scene.38
ii. ARSA Commander Hossain Majhi Killed in Armed Clash with APBN in Cox's
Bazar Rohingya Camp
On the morning of July 10, 2023, ARSA commander Hossain Majhi was killed in a
'gunfight' between the Armed Police Battalion (APBN) and Rohingya criminal gangs in a
Rohingya camp in Cox's Bazar. The incident occurred in camp number 17 of Ukhia
upazila. The deceased, Nur Hossain Majhi (40), was one of the top leaders of ARSA.
Captain Syed Haroon Or Rashid of Cox's Bazar 14 APBN stated that criminal activities
were conducted under Majhi's orders in 7 to 8 refugee camps in Cox's Bazar.
38 https://www.newagebd.net/article/199190/arsa-commander-killed-during-gunfight-with-apbn
- 60 -
According to the captain, the APBN conducted a special operation in Camp 8 earlier on
Monday, where six Rohingyas were killed the previous Friday. During this operation, it
was discovered that a criminal gang with 20-30 members was approaching the police
force from Camp 17. Upon receiving this information, APBN members initiated a raid
towards Camp 17. Around 5 am, both sides confronted each other, leading to the criminal
gang opening fire on the police team. In response, the police fired back, resulting in a
gunfight that lasted until 7 am. At one stage of the battle, the criminal gang moved to
nearby hills and continued firing at the law enforcement forces. After fleeing the area
post-7 am, the police recovered Hossain Majhi's body. Legal proceedings are underway
in this regard.39
39 https://images.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/commander-arsa-killed-gunfight-apbn-3365916
- 61 -
1.10. DEATH DUE TO GUNSHOT BY JOINT FORCES
i. Armed Group Member Killed in Bandarban Gunfight with Joint Forces
On January 29, a member of the armed organization Kuki-Chin National Front (KNFkilled
in a 'gunfight' with joint forces in Bandarban's Ruma. The body was discovered between
Artahpara and Bachlong para of the upazila around 1 pm on Sunday. The identity of the
deceased remains unknown.
In response to the escalating tensions, at least 40 families of the Marma community

evacuated their hill villages on Saturday night, seeking refuge from potential KNF threats.
Fear grips the villagers due to the regular passage of KNF members through the area.
Security forces have recently intensified operations against terrorist and militant groups
clandestinely operating in the hills, including the KNF, further exacerbating the
apprehension within the community.40
40 https://www.dainikbangla.com.bd/wholebd/11646/1674977293
- 62 -
1.11. DEATH DUE TO GUNSHOT BY RAB
i. Death of Elderly Man and Injury of Local Resident Due to Gunfire by RAB
During Raid in Narayanganj
In the early hours of March 18, 2023, 65-year-old Abul Kashem died, and local
businessman Humayun Kabir (50) was injured due to gunfire by the Rapid Action
Battalion (RAB) during a raid in the Borgaon area of Sonargaon Upazila, Narayanganj.
Plainclothes men, later identified as RAB members, aimed at Kashem's stomach and shot
him from close range during an argument. As villagers began to gather, believing there
was a robbery, the plainclothes men shot local pharmacy owner Humayun Kabir in both
legs. Abul Kashem's widow, Ramiza Begum, recounted the events leading to his death.
She stated that upon hearing a commotion, she and her husband went outside to
investigate. They saw a group of men taking their neighbor Selim, who was crying. When
Kashem inquired why they were taking Selim, he was beaten with sticks and then shot in
the stomach by one of the men who identified himself as RAB.41
ii. BNP Leader Jagir Hossain Killed, Two Others Injured in Clash with RAB
Patrol in Cox's Bazar
On November 7, 2023, Jagir Hossain, a prominent BNP leader from Jaliapalong Union,
succumbed to injuries sustained in an attack on a RAB patrolling party in Ukhia, Cox's
Bazar. The unfortunate incident occurred during the early hours of November 5, 2023,
when a RAB patrol team ventured into Pinashia village of Jaliyapalong union to
apprehend Ukhia Upazila BNP General Secretary Soltan Mahmud Chowdhury and other
individuals implicated in a sabotage case.
41 https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/65-year-old-killed-late-night-rab-raid-3274621
- 63 -
Local reports indicate that the situation escalated rapidly as hundreds of BNP leaders,
workers, and supporters converged upon the scene, surrounding the RAB personnel and
initiating an altercation characterized by the hurling of projectiles, including bricks.
Amidst this confrontation, exchanges of gunfire ensued between the opposing sides,
resulting in injuries sustained by three individuals, including Jagir Hossain. Jagir Hossain,
struck by a bullet during the commotion, was promptly transported to Chittagong
Medical College Hospital (CMCH) for urgent medical attention. Regrettably, despite
medical intervention, he succumbed to his injuries while undergoing treatment at the
hospital.42
42 https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/district/8fng3ekhsn
- 64 -
1.12. DEATH DUE TO GUNSHOT BY COAST GAURD
i. Two Killed, Four Injured in Fatal Shootout by Coast Guard at Sandwip

Beach, Chittagong
On September 27, 2023, Mohammad Mitu Rahman (35) and Mohammad Raj (25) were
killed, and four others were injured during a shootout with the coast guard at
Chittagong's Sandwip beach. The incident occurred near Char in Noakhali on the Sandwip
coast, as confirmed by Sandwip police officer-in-charge Mohammad Shahidul Islam to
The Business Standard.
According to police reports, the confrontation erupted when the coast guard and fisheries
officers were conducting an evacuation operation in the Char area. The miscreants
attacked the law enforcement officials, resulting in the fatalities and injuries. Sub-
Inspector Mubarak of Sandwip Police Station stated that a case has been filed against 110-
130 unidentified individuals by the Coast Guard for causing bodily harm to government
employees. Investigations into the incident are ongoing, although The Business Standard
was unable to obtain comments from Coastguard East Zone Media Officer Lt. Tahsin
Rahman and Sandwip Upazila Fisheries Officer Saiful Islam.43
43 https://www.tbsnews.net/bangla/বাংলােদশ/news-details-170654
- 65 -
1.13. DEATH DUE TO GUNSHOT BY BGB
i. Rohingya Man Killed, Six Injured in Clash Between Drug Peddlers and BGB
in Teknaf, Cox's Bazar
On August 3, 2023, Mohammad Rafique, a 40-year-old Rohingya man, was shot dead, and
six others sustained bullet injuries during a clash between drug peddlers and Border
Guard Bangladesh (BGB) members in Teknaf, Cox's Bazar.
The clash erupted around 12:00 pm in the Leda area when BGB members arrested a yaba
peddler, Zafar Alam, who was in possession of 20,000 yaba tablets. Later, as the BGB team
was returning to base with the detainee, his associates attacked the BGB members in an
attempt to free him. During the confrontation, the attackers opened fire, prompting the
BGB to retaliate in self-defense. Mohammad Rafique, 40, a resident of "A" block of Leda
Rohingya camp under Hnila union, was shot and declared dead upon arrival at the camp's
hospital. Five others, including BGB member Mahmudul (22) and locals Ismail (60),
Osman (18), Gura Mia (90), and Tauhidul Islam (35), were injured and taken to Cox's
Bazar General Hospital for treatment.44
44https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/1-killed-bgb-drug-traders-clash-teknaf-
3384896?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR2Sq0YTPtBkQ49U8wnoYUZ-x4Ewt0JbdSR4mLlAW-
VeKcIcv1Phta4vr44_aem_ATzLz6t2xCRft1_mDIGEyX0TBikkBHhAA41zzk9O5sH_S1M7rCOj-
n_mwRuvAO6fem7VN3oGa8v2tiMDbU3nGBqc
- 66 -
1.14. DEATH DUE TO TORTURE IN PRISON
i. Death of Detainee Allegedly Due to Torture by Prison Guards in Chattogram

Central Prison
On February 5, 2023, Rubel Dey, a 38-year-old resident of South Jayisthapura in

Chattogram's Boalkhali upazila, tragically died amid allegations of torture at Chattogram
Central Prison, as confirmed by Chattogram Medical College Hospital (CMCH) where he
was admitted.
Rubel's family asserted that he had been subjected to torture, purportedly by either
prison guards or fellow inmates, citing visible injury marks on his body. According to his
cousin Rajib Dey, Rubel, a farmer, occasionally consumed alcohol. Rajib described visiting
Rubel at CMCH, where they observed injury marks on his right eyebrow and scars on his
body. Despite attempts to inquire about his condition, the prison guards remained
unresponsive, and Rubel appeared to be in an unconscious state, hindering
communication. Boalkhali police detained Rubel on January 27 while he was allegedly
selling homemade liquor in Jayisthapura. Subsequently, police confiscated 200 liters of
liquor from him, and Sub-inspector SM Abu Musa filed a case against him under the
Narcotics Control Act. Rubel was then remanded to Chattogram Central Jail by a court the
following day.45
45https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/man-dies-jail-custody-
3537271?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR0nbAWQtEUCnrjXnYBx_xUVU_kIENOh5aqNotV079XtRHneRFv7Q10E5GY_
aem_ATzLlOraUuBLR5zP8E_OMOKBsRYZoIKUc8GYsxctJ_ENXKn5SMrGy8KnDLbqqE8PpMRfK_MuFgMC7aKeDYvYDz
qW
- 67 -
1.15. DEATH DUE TO NEGLIGENCE IN POLICE CUSTODY
i. Former ACC Deputy Director Died in Police Custody due to Negligence and
Lack of Medical Assistance in Chittagong
Syed Mohammad Shahidullah, a former deputy director of the Anti-Corruption

Commission (ACC), met a tragic end on October 3, 2023, while in police custody at
Chandgaon police station in Chittagong. Allegations have surfaced from Shahidullah's
family, claiming that upon his arrival at the police station, they were denied access to
provide him with crucial medication, despite his known health condition as a heart
patient.
Shahidullah's arrest unfolded late at night when two policemen arrived at his residence
around 11:30 PM, citing an arrest warrant against him. Subsequently, he was taken into
custody, prompting his family to rush to the police station upon learning of the situation
from local sources.The family alleges that they were prevented from seeing Shahidullah
until his health deteriorated significantly, at which point he was finally granted medical
attention. Despite their efforts to transfer him to a private hospital, Shahidullah was
pronounced dead upon arrival. The family accuses the police of negligence during the
journey to the hospital, contributing to Shahidullah's tragic demise.46
46 https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2023-10-04/2x2u1INX
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2. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO GUNSHOT
2.1. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO GUNSHOT BY BGB
i. Border Clash in Lalmonirhat: BGB Member and Civilian Injured in

Confrontation with Smugglers
On Monday, October 30, 2023, at midnight, a clash erupted between Border Guard
Bangladesh (BGB) and smugglers at the Burirhat Kakhachar border area of Goral Union,
Kaliganj Upazila, in Lalmonirhat. Two individuals were injured, one of whom is a BGB
member. The injured parties are identified as Naik Mohibullah (member number 72079)
of the Burirhat BOP patrol team and Parvez Hossain (23), son of Sadekul Islam from the
local Khanderchhara area, who sustained gunshot wounds.
According to border residents, a notorious gang of cow smugglers has been smuggling
cows and drugs from India. On the aforementioned night, the gang attempted to smuggle
10 cows from India into the country. Upon the BGB Burirhat camp patrol team's raid on
the Kahalchar border area, the smugglers abandoned the cows and fled, falsely accusing
the patrol team of theft. Subsequently, the smugglers, accompanied by over 150
individuals, returned to the scene to reclaim the cows. During the confrontation, Naik
Mohibullah sustained a severe head injury from a smuggler's blow. In response, the BGB
dispersed the attackers by firing 38 rounds of blank ammunition. Meanwhile, a local
youth named Parvez was shot in the leg. Locals have been providing him with clandestine
medical treatment.47
47https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/1216045.details?fbclid=IwAR2SkqKO38VLQH3tVE24bPvfmHdnNMAyA
Oyn3ACtmO6likumZhOmAndbtOg
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2.2. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO GUNSHOT BY ARMY
i. Gunfight in Ruma Sadar: KNF Member Injured During Encounter with Army
On September 18, 2023, around 11:30 am, a member of the Kuki Chin National Front
(KNF) sustained injuries from gunfire during a clash with the army in the Bazar Ghat area
of Ruma Sadar, Bandarban.
According to reports from police and local sources, an armed group of KNF terrorists was
stationed in the Bazarghat area of Ruma Sadar on Monday morning. Acting on this
intelligence, a patrol team of the army conducted an operation in the area. Upon detecting
the presence of army personnel, KNF members initiated gunfire towards them. In
response, the army personnel fired back in self-defense, causing the KNF members to
retreat. During the exchange of fire, one KNF member was injured. He was subsequently
rescued and transported to Ruma Health Complex for medical treatment.48
48 https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2023-09-18/wQF2RCQR
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2.3. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO GUNSHOT BY POLICE
i. Police Raid in Dhaka Leads to Shooting of Homeowner's Son During

Robbery Arrest.
On September 15, in the Araihajar Thana area of Narayanganj, police raided a house in
Bamail, Demra, Dhaka, to arrest suspects involved in a robbery. During the raid, the
suspects attacked the police, leading the police to fire a shot that hit Minhajin Abedin, the
son of the homeowner, in the leg.
Minhajin, who is admitted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, stated that a person named
Sajib had rented their house ten days ago. When the police arrived late at night, Sajib
attempted to flee, prompting the police to open fire, resulting in Minhajin being shot in
the thigh.49
49 https://www.sonalinews.com/rajdhani/news/207064
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3. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO TORTURE
3.1. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO TORTURE BY POLICE
i. Alleged Police Torture of BNP Central Publicity Secretary Shahid Uddin

Chowdhury Annie in Dhanmondi Police Station
On October 11, 2023, BNP central publicity secretary Shahid Uddin Chowdhury Annie
alleged in court that he was brutally beaten at the police station following his arrest from
his home. The allegation was made during a hearing on a remand petition at the Chief
Metropolitan Magistrate Court of Dhaka related to a sabotage case filed at
Dhanmondi police station. Annie claimed that police forcibly entered his house by
breaking the door, arrested him, and subjected him to severe physical torture at the
station. He also mentioned that his house was vandalized during the arrest and that his
child was present during the incident. This incident has sparked outrage among BNP
supporters and raised concerns about police conduct and the treatment of political
figures in custody.50
ii. Businessman and Teenage Son Allegedly Tortured and Released After
Paying Bribe at Konabari Police Station in Gazipur Metropolitan
In mid-November, businessman Mamun Mia and his teenage son, Qayyum, were allegedly
physically tortured by Sub-Inspector (SI) Jamiul Hasan alias Suman at Konabari Police
Station in Gazipur Metropolitan. The two were detained for four days following the
discovery of a child's body in the Konabari area on November 13, 2023. SI Jamiul Hasan
arrested Mamun, a cloth merchant and neighbor of the deceased child, as a suspect in the
murder. When Mamun could not provide information about the case, his son Qayyum was
50 https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/34y42tdu4b
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also detained and beaten. According to Mamun, SI Suman demanded a bribe of five lakh
taka for their release, which was later negotiated down to 20,500 taka after Mamun's
wife, Farzana, secured the amount through a loan. SI Suman allegedly threatened to jail
Mamun on false charges if the bribe was not paid. Despite their release after paying the
bribe, SI Jamiul Hasan denied the allegations of torture and bribery, stating that the
detainees were held for questioning and released after the real suspect was
apprehended.51
iii. Police Brutally Torture Protester During Dialysis Fee Protest at Chittagong
Medical College Hospital
On January 10, 2023, Mostakim, the son of a kidney patient in Chittagong, was brutally
tortured by the police during a protest against the increase in dialysis fees at Chittagong
Medical College Hospital. The protest, which began early in January, saw patients and
their relatives blocking the road in front of the hospital's main gate. When police arrived
and requested the protesters to disperse, tensions escalated as the protesters refused to
leave. Panchlaish Police Station OC Nazim Uddin, in a heated moment, recorded the
protesters on his mobile phone and warned them of surveillance. This provoked the
protesters, who demanded the deletion of the video. During the commotion, Mostakim
attempted to remove the OC's phone, causing it to fall and break. Subsequently, OC Nazim
Uddin took Mostakim to Epic Hospital, where he was subjected to further beating. Finally
he was severely beaten in Poilice Station52
iv. Alleged Brutal Torture of District Jubo League Organizing Secretary by

Police in Thakurgaon Police Station
On April 29, 2023, Asaduzzaman Pulak, organizing secretary of District Jubo League, was
allegedly brutally tortured while in custody at Thakurgaon Sadar Police Station. The
51 https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/district/dpv0q1yxwb
52https://www.voabangla.com/a/6970550.html?fbclid=IwAR1nC5kYA2dZbnB2UgUHrqFWSdbGSh_Xiw7r5vQHcehByqNAtY
GPw9s8Gv8
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incident followed the arrest and beating of Khalid Siraj Rocky, sports secretary of District
Jubo League, at a local fair.
Upon arriving at the scene and questioning OC Kamal Hossain about Rocky's arrest, Pulak
was reportedly arrested himself. He was then taken to the police station where OC Kamal
Hossain, Inspector (Operation) Latif, SI Khoka Chandra Roy, Mohammad Hafiz, and ASI
Md. Motaleb allegedly beat him with a stick inside the OC's room. The assault left Pulak
unconscious, after which he was placed in a lock-up. The next morning, both Pulak and
Rocky were sent to district jail under Section 151 through the court, but later released on
bail on May 2. Pulak was subsequently admitted to Thakurgaon General Hospital for
treatment due to injuries sustained during the incident.53
v. Alleged Police Torture in Joydepur Police Station Leads to Hospitalization

of Samu Sarker, Gazipur Resident
On May 14, 2023, Samu Sarker, son of the late Darbesh Nur Hossain Fakir from
Bhavanipur Bhauraghata in Gazipur Sadar Upazila, was allegedly tortured by police
officers at the Joydevpur police station. The incident followed a series of events beginning
on the night of May 8, when Samu's family discovered Farooq Hossain hiding in their
home. After Farooq's initial arrest and subsequent release, his elder brother, Feroze, filed
a counter-case against Samu on May 9. On May 14, SI Yunus and two policemen took Samu
to the station, where he claims he was blindfolded, beaten, and restrained. Despite his
pleas, he was allegedly suspended between a table and a chair for half an hour and
threatened with further harm. After falling ill and losing consciousness, Samu was treated
at a hospital in Sreepur and later released on bail. Police officials provided mixed
responses, with OC Mahtab Uddin stating that any erring officers should be held
accountable, while Superintendent Kazi Shafiqul Alam encouraged Samu to file a formal
complaint..54
53 https://bangla.bdnews24.com/samagrabangladesh/r6hpq8nogy
54 https://www.jugantor.com/country-news/683809/গাজীপুের-থানায়-হাতপােচাখ-েবঁেধ-িনয8াতেনর-অিভেযাগ
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vi. Young Man Falls Seriously Ill After Alleged Police Torture in Kotchadpur,
Laxmipur
On March 5, 2023, Abdus Salam was severely tortured by ASI Shamchul Haque, the in-
charge of Lakshipur police outpost in Kotchadpur, Laxmipur. Haque blindfolded and
detained the young man on suspicion of theft. Following the torture, ASI Shamchul Haque
released Abdus Salam after extorting Tk 50,000.
A bdus Salam, son of Khalilur Rahman of Panchlia village, Dora union, stated that around
9 am on March 5, he was on his way to Panchlia Bazar when ASI Shamchul Haque stopped
him, took him to the police camp, and severely beat him with a wooden bat after tying his
eyes, face, and limbs. As a result of the torture, Abdus Salam sustained severe back
injuries. He was released after paying Tk 50,000 and was later admitted to Kotchandpur
Upazila Health Complex for treatment.55
vii. Police Torture 6 People, Including Three Women, in Custody in Barishal
On March 3, 2023, a clash occurred between the police and locals near Rani's school in
the village of Dakshin Dedagati, Babuganj upazila, Barisal district. During the clash, the
police arrested six people, including Akashi Begum, Rashida Begum, and Mala Begum.
While in police custody, these women were beaten with sticks by several officers,
including Second Officer Nipa Rani and ASI Nasir of Babuganj police station.
On March 12, when Akashi Begum, Rashida Begum, and Mala Begum were brought to
court, they testified before Senior Judicial Magistrate Md. Mahfuzur Rahman, alleging
they had been beaten. A report from Barisal Sher-e-Bangla Medical College Hospital,
https://projonmonews24.com/article/75604/লিRপুের-যুবকেক-চু িরর-অপবাদ-িদেয়-পুিলেশর-িনয8াতন-এএসআই-
55
?ত9াহার-1678333459
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attached to the court order, confirmed that the women had injury marks on various parts
of their bodies, including their hands and heads.56
viii. Alleged Police Torture of Abdus Salam Sparks Controversy in Naogaon
On March 29, 2024, Abdus Salam of Dhekra village, Badalgachi upazila, Naogaon,
allegedly faced police torture. His family raised allegations of misconduct in a press
conference at Naogaon District Press Club on Friday, March 31. Abdus Salam and his wife,
Jharna Begum, stated that a dispute over land boundaries with influential neighbor
Sabina Yasmin Kamla Begum led to the incident.
They claimed that OC Atiyar Rahman of Badalgachi Police Station, along with other
officers, called Abdus Salam from his home and publicly assaulted him by slapping,
kicking, and punching him in front of villagers. The altercation escalated, with Salam
being threatened with court action while inside a police vehicle. The victims demanded a
thorough investigation and exemplary punishment for those responsible.57
ix. Alleged Police Brutality Against Chairman Jamal Uddin Bhuiyan in

Brahmanbaria
On May 27, 2023, Jamal Uddin Bhuiyan, Chairman of Bishnupur UP in Vijaynagar Upazila,
Brahmanbaria, was allegedly brutally tortured by police officers. Jamal, who had recently
obtained bail from Brahmanbaria Senior Judicial Magistrate Court in a case dating back
to 2018, recounted that a group of 15-20 policemen led by Inspector Hasan Jamil Khan,
Sub-Inspector Piyush Kanti Dey, and Champaknagar Police Outpost In-charge Rabiul
Islam raided his house. Despite presenting his bail recall paper, Jamal claimed he was
assaulted with a gun butt on his hand, waist, forehead, and near his eyes.
56 https://bangla.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news-461556
57 https://www.rtvonline.com/country/217959/নওগাঁয়-পুিলেশর-িবUেE-িনয8াতেনর-অিভেযাগ
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The police also allegedly ransacked his home and seized Tk 25 lakh in cash from his
wardrobe. Following the incident, Jamal Uddin Bhuiyan received initial treatment at
Vijayanagar Upazila Health Complex before being transferred to Brahmanbaria General
Hospital for further care.58
x. Two Young Men Allegedly Brutally Tortured by Police Officials in

Keraniganj, Dhaka
On the night of May 29, 2023, Saddam Chokdar and Bakul Chokdar from Ahadi Baytikandi
village in Jazeera were allegedly subjected to brutal torture by Additional Superintendent
of Police Russell Monir and OC Sheikh Mostafizur Rahman of Naria Police Circle,
Shariatpur, at a house in Keraniganj, Dhaka. Previously, they had been implicated in a
case at Padma Setu South Police Station, alleging a loss of Tk. 21 lakh 15 thousand 250.
After being granted a six-week bail from the High Court, Saddam and Bakul were staying
in a house in Keraniganj where they were subsequently locked in a room and physically
tortured.
58 https://bangla.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news-585396
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Victim Saddam said that they were blindfolded and beaten for two days. "Their bones and
joints were hammered, and our fingernails and toenails were torn out with pliers.
Additional Superintendent of Police Russell Monir kicked my left eye." Bakul recounted
that they kept beating them, demanding to know where the money was. "You have to pay
72 lakhs, you took the money, admit it," they screamed. "We were separated and
threatened with encounters. After they had beaten my cousin Saddam unconscious and
left him on the floor, he asked for water. Instead, they ordered me to urinate on him. I
cried, but they beat me again until I did as they said."59
xi. Alleged Brutal Torture of Three Young Men in Lalpur Police Station
Custody, Natore
Between July 9 and 12, 2023, Md. Sohag Hossain, Shamim Molla, and Md. Salam reported
enduring severe torture while in Lalpur Police Station custody in Natore, following their
arrest on theft charges. Sohag described being blindfolded and physically assaulted by
Officer-in-Charge Ujjal Hossain immediately upon arrival at the station. He further alleged
that Additional Superintendent of Police Sharif Al Rajib threatened him with ongoing
abuse unless he confessed to the allegations, after being apprehended late on July 9 from
Shashurbari North Lalpur village.
Md. Salam, arrested from his residence around 1 am on July 9, recounted being slapped
by OC Ujjal Hossain the following day at the police station. Subsequently, Salam claimed
that Sub-Inspector Zahid Hasan and Investigating Officer Omar Farooq Shimul targeted
him, focusing particularly on his fingers. On July 12, Salam alleged that SI Omar Farooq
Shimul went further, using a steel pipe to inflict harm. Shamim Molla detailed being taken
from his home around 3:30 pm on July 10, asserting that a constable, along with SI Zahid
Hasan and IO Omar Farooq Shimul, subjected him to severe physical abuse the following
morning. Molla claimed they blindfolded him, placed his head under a table, and assaulted
him with bamboo sticks. Later, they tied his feet, beat the soles of his feet, and kicked him
in the chest.60
59 https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/district/vd7ugehquf
60 https://bangla.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news-496331
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xii. Small Fast Food Shop Owner Brutally Tortured by Police in Faridpur
On August 11, 2023, Abdur Rob Molla, a small fast food shop owner, was brutally tortured
by police in front of the Upazila Parishad in Charbhadrasan of Faridpur. Earlier, on August
10, ASI Shimon came to his shop and asked him to exchange a large packet of Benson
cigarettes for 20 shekels and give him two smaller packs worth 10 shekels each. Molla
said that he could not exchange the cigarette pack as there were no small packs in the
shop. The police officers then left after threatening to watch him.
The next day, on August 11, ASI Shimon came to the shop, beat up Rob Molla, and took
him to the police station, where he was subjected to inhuman torture. Molla was severely
beaten with rollers and sticks. At one stage, ASI Shimon demanded 50,000 BDT from him.
Molla was later admitted to Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College Hospital in
Faridpur for medical treatment.61
xiii. Abdur Rahim Tortured in Police Custody and Extorted for Bribe in Raipur,
Laxmipur
On December 17, Abdur Rahim was physically tortured in police custody after being
arrested from the Raipur Border Bazaar area and confined in a secret room. Later that
day, he was admitted to the Upazila Health Complex for treatment. Around 12:30 pm, the
officers arrested Rahim from the Border Bazaar on the Raipur-Chandpur road in
Charpata Union of the upazila. At the time of his arrest, Rahim had 90,000 taka from
selling cows, which was taken by the officers. He was then beaten and admitted to the
Upazila Health Complex, where he was further assaulted when he requested water.
Rahim's wife repeatedly visited Raipur police station after learning of his arrest but could
not find any trace of him. She also searched the Sadar Police Station, Detective Police
61 https://www.shomoyeralo.com/details.php?id=233920
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Office, and District Jail without success. When she returned to Raipur police station, she
saw Rahim's motorcycle there. SI Hanif demanded 2 lakh taka for Rahim's release,
threatening to implicate him in various cases if the money was not paid.62
xiv. Accusations Against SI Hemayet Mollah for Assaulting Russell Sardar in

Kalkini, Madaripur
On December 21, 2023, in Fasciatla area of Kalkini Upazila, Madaripur, Assistant Sub-
Inspector (ASI) Hemayet Mollah from Kalkini Police Station allegedly severely assaulted
Russell Sardar while serving a notice. Russell Sardar, the son of Siraj Sardar of Fasciatla,
confronted ASI Hemayet Mollah and his accompanying force, who arrived in plain clothes.
When Russell asked for their identity, ASI Hemayet Mollah reportedly beat him severely,
causing injuries. Later, when Russell attempted to record the incident, another policeman
present also assaulted him before they quickly left the scene.
62 https://www.dhakapost.com/country/248364
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3.2. POLICE BRUTALITY DURING POLITICAL PARTIES DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENT
i. Police Clash with Democracy Manch Rally in Dhaka, Injuring Several

Leaders and Activists
On the morning of December 26, 2023, a Democracy Manch rally advocating for a one-
sided vote boycott was interrupted by police, leading to a confrontation between the two
sides. Reports indicated that several leaders of the rally fell during the scuffle, with
Democracy Manch asserting that the police had attacked and injured several of their
leaders and activists.
The Democracy Manch had organized a mass communication and leaflet distribution
program from Motijheel to Dhupkhola in the capital as part of their ongoing protest
efforts. Prior to the planned communication, leaders and activists gathered in front of
Bangladesh Bank in Motijheel at approximately 11:30 a.m. However, as the rally prepared
to proceed after speeches, the police intervened, initiating an attack that resulted in
injuries to numerous leaders and activists.63
ii. Hundreds Injured, Including Two Journalists, due to Police Gun Fire on
BNP's Human Chain in Habigan
On December 10, 2023, clashes between police and BNP leaders in Habiganj resulted in
hundreds of injuries, including two journalists who were shot dead. Motahar Hossain, co-
organizing secretary of the district Jubo Dal, Sheikh Russell, Jubo Dal leader, and Kamrul
Islam, vice president of Chhatra Dal, were among the seriously injured. My TV District
Representative Niranjan Goswami and Desh TV District Representative Ameer Hamza
were also killed in the police firing. Two journalists sustained severe injuries to their eyes,
63https://www.prothomalo.com/politics/2jopmvuro2?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR3GKSDDOp_-
eHgKOXaX10E0dUe5V4Abn48nU6OO9uuHD47Mfo_l2je7BvA_aem_ATxf_ML-
i3vTC6R1A6Bvl38nYmL6RHHLtDSzRRT5YlrIZ9uS38VbevVSaInmmO42Zc_Q_ukSi5Sjqj_SgQvctby5
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face, and chest, prompting doctors at Habiganj 250-bed General Hospital to recommend
further treatment in Sylhet or Dhaka. The clashes occurred during a human chain
program organized by the Habiganj District BNP on World Human Rights Day. As BNP
leaders and activists gathered at Shaistanagar intersection, police moved to disperse
them, leading to a two-hour confrontation.
The situation escalated when BNP activists surrounded the police, prompting them to
seek refuge in a nearby establishment. Additional police forces arrived and fired shotguns
to rescue their besieged colleagues, resulting in widespread panic, traffic disruptions, and
closure of businesses. Habiganj District BNP Joint Convener Kamal Uddin Salim accused
the police of ambushing and firing grenades and bullets at the peaceful gathering,
resulting in numerous injuries among party leaders and activists.64
iii. Over 200 BNP Activists Injured in Police Clashes in Kishoreganj, Feni,
Lakshmipur, and Bogura
On Tuesday, July 18, 2023, police clashed with BNP leaders and activists during their
march in Kishoreganj, Feni, Lakshmipur, and Bogura, held for a one-point demand. Over
two hundred activists were injured due to police brutality and bullet fire.
Kishoreganj: The clash in Kishoreganj occurred on Ishakhan Road in the Rathkhola area
around 12:30 PM. Hundreds of BNP leaders were injured, and several activists were shot.
The march, initiated from Gurudayal Government College ground, faced police blockade
at Noor Masjid. When activists proceeded towards Atharobari Kachari, police baton-
charged, leading to a violent clash. BNP activists threw stones, and police responded with
rubber bullets and tear gas.65
64 https://mzamin.com/news.php?news=87729&fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR0opHgfPqur4l-
5W9rtd7ZDZqheoqgX3rPPofL80SiDCcGIuBKhOyIp9Zg_aem_ATylDZFIXktxTbaYQuJA8_OE_wGz4G-
flOeMiZtpy_xZYQkIjbNKWYXlR2PQ_S_TpJaJIFMe1R0XJK_SvFe0josU
65 https://www.jugantor.com/country-news/697326/িকেশারগেV-িবএনিপপুিলশ-সংঘষ8-JিলিবEসহ-আহত-১০০
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Feni: In Feni, clashes erupted on Islampur Road after the BNP's march around 4 PM. Led
by Feni district BNP convener Sheikh Farid Bahar and member secretary Alal Uddin Alal,
the march demanded Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's resignation. A chase ensued
between BNP activists and police, who fired 20-30 rounds, injuring more than fifty
leaders and activists.66
Lakshmipur: Around 5 PM in Lakshmipur, clashes broke out in front of Jhumur Cinema

Hall and Modern Hospital on Ramgati Road. Police interrupted the march led by BNP
Central Publicity Secretary Shahid Uddin Chowdhury alias Anyi and opened fire, injuring
30-40 leaders and workers. Clashes continued until 5:30 PM, injuring more than fifty
people from both sides.67
66 https://www.dhakatimes24.com/2023/07/18/317014
67 https://crimebarta.com/2023/07/18/লIীপুের-পুিলেশর-Jিল/
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Bogura: In Bogura, at least 35 people were injured during clashes around 12:30 PM at
Yakubia intersection and later in front of the district BNP office. Led by district BNP
general secretary Ali Azgar Talukdar Hena, the march faced police resistance when
heading towards Satmatha from Yakubia Junction. Police used tear gas, rubber bullets,
and shotguns to disperse the activists. Another BNP gathering at Matidali intersection
also faced tear gas. At least 25 people were shot and are receiving treatment in
hospitals.68
iv. Police Baton Charge Khulna Workers' Day Procession, Arresting Two,
Sparking Controversy
On May 1, 2023, around 11 am, police baton-charged the procession of Khulna District
and Metropolitan Sramik Dal in front of the BNP office in Khulna city, marking
68 https://www.abnews24.com/country-news/238506/বJড়ার-িবএনিপ-পুিলশ-সংঘষ8--আহত-৩৫
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International Workers' Day. Several members of the Sramik Dal were injured, and police
arrested two individuals, including the member secretary of Khulna Mahanagar Sramik
Dal, Shafiqul Islam Shafi, from the procession.
Leaders of Khulna Mahanagar Sramik Dal stated that on International Labor Day, they
attempted to take out a procession from the party office, comprising leaders and workers
from both Khulna District and Mahanagar Sramik Dal. However, as the procession
progressed, police intervened and initiated a baton charge without apparent cause,
leading to injuries among several activists. The procession was forcibly halted by the
authorities. Meanwhile, police stated that as the Sramik Dal did not obtain permission for
the procession, they dispersed it.69
v. 100 BNP Activists Injured as Police Deploy Tear Gas During Dhaka Protest
Amid Trial of Former PM Khaleda Zia
On May 23, 2023, about 100 activists of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) were
injured in Dhaka during a protest against the trial of former Prime Minister Khaleda Zia
on corruption charges. The clash erupted when police fired tear gas at demonstrators
gathered in the Science Lab area.
The BNP supporters accused the government of using the courts to stifle opposition
voices. Amid the confrontation, police arrested approximately 25 leaders and activists,
including central executive committee member Shaikh Rabiul Alam, escalating tensions
during what began as a peaceful demonstration. Videos circulating from the scene
captured the chaotic scenes as tear gas canisters were deployed by law enforcement to
disperse the protesters.70
69https://mzamin.com/news.php?news=53422&fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR0nbAWQtEUCnrjXnYBx_xUVU_kIENOh5
aqNotV079XtRHneRFv7Q10E5GY_aem_ATzLlOraUuBLR5zP8E_OMOKBsRYZoIKUc8GYsxctJ_ENXKn5SMrGy8KnDLbqq
E8PpMRfK_MuFgMC7aKeDYvYDzqW
70 https://www.benarnews.org/english/news/bengali/street-protest-
05232023144431.html?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR31R46FXDjOhXwRa1Y1b0k_xyKDGERHBAAo6GDvMnqafuqLR
KwW6oNjhw8_aem_ATwZkJPPi_VOTOI_xNvqAybbv40p2IshyXtkaYRRjqWpQf4KN4nyIODO4-
Jggb03gVPanDUV4AoBcqTqZoIhOgqB
- 85 -
vi. Police and BNP Clash in Chittagong Leaves Fouties Injured
On Monday, January 16, 2023, a violent clash between police and BNP leaders and
activists at the Kazirdeuri intersection in Chittagong resulted in at least 40 injuries.
According to reports from the BNP, 12 of their workers were shot, with one individual
sustaining an eye injury.
Abul Hashem Bakkar, the Chittagong Metropolitan BNP member secretary, stated that the
police initially permitted the leaders and activists to gather and proceed to the party
office with a procession starting at noon. However, in the afternoon, the police abruptly
halted the procession and began a lathi charge. Bakkar claimed, "At least 35 to 40 of our
people were injured in the police attack and firing. Twelve of them were shot, and one of
the victims was shot in the eye.71
vii. Clashes Leave 10 BNP Activists Injured During March on Dhaka-Sylhet

Highway
On February 11, 2024, clashes between police and BNP activists during a march on the
Dhaka-Sylhet highway in Narayanganj's Panchrukhi area left at least 10 BNP activists
injured. The incident unfolded as police employed rubber bullets and tear gas to disperse
the participants. The confrontation started when leaders and activists from Narayanganj
Upazila BNP and allied organizations began their march around 1 pm in support of BNP's
nationwide central program, which aimed to address a 10-point demand. Police
intervened to halt the march, triggering a clash where BNP workers allegedly threw
bricks and stones at law enforcement. In response, police used rubber bullets and tear
gas to disperse the activists and restore order. The injured were subsequently
transported to hospitals in Dhaka and Narayanganj for medical treatment.72
71 https://protidinerbangladesh.com/country/19804/চ]^ােম-পুিলেশর-সেC-িবএনিপর-সংঘেষ8-আহত-৪০-আটক-১৫
72 https://www.channel24bd.tv/countries/article/143020/নারায়ণগেV-িবএনিপ-পুিলশ-সংঘষ8-আহত-১৫
- 86 -
viii. 12 BNP Leaders and Activists Injured in Police Clash Over Sit-in Protest in
Khulna
On April 1, 2023, a clash erupted in Khulna when BNP leaders attempted to conduct a sit-
in protest outside their party office on KD Ghosh Road, advocating for a central program
highlighting 10-point demands. Despite being initially denied permission, police forcibly
removed the BNP leaders and workers from the site.
Later in the day, BNP leaders and activists reconvened at Helatla intersection around 3
pm to march towards the office, which led to a confrontation with law enforcement. The
situation escalated as police intervened, resulting in a pursuit and the use of batons.
Reports indicate that 12 BNP leaders sustained injuries during the altercation near
Khulna police station.73
ix. Gono Odhikar Parishad President Nurul Haque Noor Assaulted by Police in
Dhaka
On the evening of July 20, 2023, Nurul Haque Noor, president of Gono Odhikar Parishad,
along with other members, was assaulted by police while entering the party office in
Paltan, Dhaka. During the scuffle, many people, including Noor, were injured. Noor was
later admitted to Islami Bank Hospital in Kakrail for treatment.
Noor reported that the police lathi-charged them as they entered the office, resulting in
injuries to several individuals. His clothes were torn during the incident, and a woman
leader from the party also had her clothes torn.74
73https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2023-04-01/খুলনায়-িবএনিপ-পুিলশ-সংঘষ8-আহত-১২
74https://www.news24bd.tv/details/140893?fbclid=IwAR3tUG80Ka28GYaD6H6kWUNcfkD63aG5Unr700NwvlEzIR8aHCtgR
6xx5Wo
- 87 -
x. BNP Leader Gayeshwar Chandra Roy Tortured by Police During Sit-in
Program in Dhaka
On Saturday, July 29, 2023, BNP Standing Committee member Gayeshwar Chandra Roy
was tortured by police during a pre-announced sit-in program. He was treated and then
brought to his office in Rajarbagh by the detective police.
"During the clash, his head burst and he was covered in blood. Later, the police beat him
from the waist down," a witness reported. Roy was initially treated at the police hospital
in Rajarbagh and then taken to the detective police office before finally being brought to
his office. Gayeshwar Chandra Roy stated that his recovery will take time and that he is
currently receiving saline treatment.75
xi. Over 50 BNP Activists Injured by Police Rubber Bullets and Tear Gas in
Naranganj
On July 29, 2023, more than fifty BNP activists were injured due to bullet firing and tear
gas deployment during a clash with police at the Dutch-Bangla intersection of Simrail on
the Dhaka-Chittagong-Dhaka Sylhet highway in Narayanganj.
75 https://www.ittefaq.com.bd/653686/bকামর-েথেক-িনচ-পয8c-েবধড়ক-িপdেয়েছ-গেয়fর
- 88 -
The clash erupted when BNP activists attempted to take a stand at the Dutch-Bangla
junction and were stopped by the police. This led to a chase between the activists and the
police. The situation escalated as police fired rubber bullets and tear gas cells, resulting
in at least 60 people, including police officers, being injured.76
xii. BNP Road Marches Met with Brutal Police Crackdown: Over 300 Injured
Across Multiple Districts
On August 19, 2023, more than 300 activists of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP)
and its affiliated wings were injured as police attacked road marches organized by the
main opposition party in various districts. The marches demanded the unconditional
release and treatment abroad of party chief Khaleda Zia. Incidents were reported in
Habiganj, Barguna, Natore, Narayanganj, Manikganj, Patuakhali, Netrakona, Bhola, and
Kushtia.
Habiganj: In Habiganj, the district BNP organized a march at 4:00 PM as part of the
central program. Prior to the march, BNP leaders and workers gathered at the district
office in Shaestanagar. Around 5:00 PM, they moved to the main road, where they were
stopped by police from Habiganj Sadar Police Station. Suddenly, the police began lathi-
charging the BNP leaders and workers, eventually firing bullets and tear gas at the crowd,
resulting in over 150 injuries.77
Natore: In Natore, at least 20 BNP leaders and activists were injured while preparing for
a road march in front of their district office in Alaipur. The injured, including Kafuria
Union Parishad chairman Abul Kalam Azad and union Juba Dal general secretary Kamal
Hossain, were admitted to hospitals with serious injuries.78
76 https://www.ntvbd.com/bangladesh/news-1263277
77 https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/district/4iur5cz60r
78 https://www.newagebd.net/article/209811/100-injured-as-police-al-attack-bnp-road-marches-across-bangladesh
- 89 -
Barguna: In Barguna, around 50 leaders and activists were injured when police charged
batons at a BNP road march in front of the Municipality Market. Nazrul Islam Molla,
former president of the Barguna district unit of BNP, reported the police brutality.
Narayanganj: In Narayanganj, at least 15 people were injured in Kanchpur, Sonargaon,

when police clashed with BNP activists. The altercation began when police asked BNP
members to leave the road, leading to baton charges and brickbats being hurled by BNP
activists. Police responded with tear gas shells and rubber bullets to disperse the crowd.79
xiii. About 200 BNP Activists were injured in clashes with the police in
Netrakona, Magura, Patuakhali and Manikganj.
On September 1, 2023, about 200 BNP activists were injured in clashes with the police in
Netrakona, Magura, Patuakhali, Narail, Gaibandha, Jhenaidah, and Barguna on the
occasion of the 45th anniversary of the BNP. In Patuakhali and Netrakona Kalmakanda, a
hundred and fifty BNP leaders and activists were injured, respectively, including seven
shot dead in police clashes with BNP. Additionally, 20 people were injured in Magura, 10
in Narail, and 5 in Gaibandha.
79 https://dainikazadi.net/পুিলশ-িবএনিপ-সংঘেষ8-রণক/
- 90 -
Netrakona: At least 50 BNP activists were injured in clashes between the police and BNP
in Madhyabazar of Netrakona Kalmakanda Upazila due to the disruption of the program
on the occasion of BNP's founding anniversary, with police opening fire.80
Patuakhali: About a hundred people were injured in a clash between the police and BNP
leaders and activists at Pujakhola in Sadar Union of Dashmina Upazila of Patuakhali on
the occasion of the foundation anniversary. The police attacked a peaceful procession of
BNP, leading to hundreds of their activists being injured.
Magura: Twenty people, including the police, were injured in a clash between the BNP
and the police in front of the BNP party office in Magura's Mohammadpur market. To
bring the situation under control, the police used lathi charges and tear shells to disperse
the activists. A worker named Ujjal was admitted to the Upazila Health Complex with
serious injuries sustained in the counter-chase by the police and BNP activists.81
Manikganj: At least 20 people were injured in a clash between BNP leaders and activists
in Manikganj while marching on the BNP's founding anniversary, ignoring police
obstacles. This clash started in the Khalpar area of Manikganj district town at 11 am, with
several clashes occurring until 12 noon. The police stopped the procession and fired tear
gas shells.82
xiv. Clashes During BNP's 45th Anniversary Leave 45 Injured by Police

Brutality in Rajbari and Patuakhali
On September 2, 2023, at least 45 activists of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP)

were injured in clashes with police during the 45th founding anniversary celebrations in
Rajbari and Patuakhali.
80 https://protidinerbangladesh.com/country/62585/িবিভg-hােন-পুিলশিবএনিপ-সংঘষ8Jিল-আহত-২০০আটক-৫০
81 https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/1180753.details
82 https://bangla.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/politics/news-388776
- 91 -
Rajbari: In Rajbari, violence erupted when a BNP procession from Khayyam bus building
near Rajbari Govt Adarsh Mahila College encountered police resistance at the Shilpa Kala
intersection. The situation escalated as police used tear gas, rubber bullets, and live
rounds, injuring 20 BNP leaders and turning Rajbari town into chaos.83
Patuakhali: In Patuakhali, thousands attended a BNP rally at Nalkhola ground in the

Dashmina upazila Sadar. As the procession passed the court premises, a dispute with SI
Mehdi of Dasmina police station led to a violent confrontation. Police beatings resulted in
over fifty injuries. Among the injured were Jobair Hossain Akkas, Shaon, Abu Taher,
Abdur Rahim, Sujan, and two severely injured activists, Asad (20) and Kiran (22), who
were admitted to Dasmina Hospital.84
xv. 15 BNP Leaders and Activists Injured in Police Firing on Dhaka-Sylhet

Highway, Narayanganj
83 https://www.kalerkantho.com/online/country-news/2023/09/02/1314290
84 https://mzamin.com/news.php?news=72053
- 92 -
On the morning of October 29, 2023, a clash erupted between BNP leaders and activists
on the Dhaka-Sylhet highway in the Panchrukhi area of Araihazare upazila, Narayanganj,
resulting in injuries to at least 15 individuals. The incident unfolded between 8:30 am and
10 am when a procession moved from the rail gate behind the city press club to the front
of the press club, sparking confrontation with the police. During the clash, the police fired
several rounds of rubber bullets and engaged in physical altercation. Among those
injured were Wadud Sagar, Sujan, and Sohail, who were specifically mentioned as having
been shot.85
xvi. Police Firing Injures Four BNP Activists During Blockade Support in
Telipukur, Bogura
On November 5, 2023, four BNP activists were injured in police firing on the first day of
the second phase of the siege. The incident occurred around 8:30 am at Telipukur area of
the highway on Sunday.
BNP leaders and activists had gathered on the highway in Telipukur area since morning
in support of the blockade. At that time, the police intervened to prevent the blockade.
When BNP workers resisted, the police fired shotguns. Mahbub Alam, a BNP worker and
member of Ward No. 13 of Bogra Municipal BNP, along with three other activists, were
injured in the incident.86
xvii. Clash Between BNP Activists and Police Leaves 7 Injured in Sunamganj
During Hartal
On November 19, 2023, BNP leaders and activists clashed with police in Sunamganj on
the first day of a 48-hour hartal called by BNP and allied groups. At least 7 people were
reported injured during the incident, which occurred in front of the BNP office in the old
bus-station area of the city from 11 am to 12 noon on Sunday.
86 https://www.somoyerkonthosor.com/post/2023/11/05/65473d6456f51
- 93 -
The clash erupted when BNP activists attempted to hold a protest march in the old bus-
station area, a significant location in Sunamganj town. Police responded by chasing the
demonstrators, prompting BNP activists to retaliate by throwing bricks at the police from
both sides of the city. To restore order, police fired tear gas shells and blank bullets.87
xviii. 45 BNP Activists Injured in Mymensingh Due to Police Violence and

Gunfire During Protests
On December 7, 2023, 45 BNP leaders and activists were injured in a police attack on a
procession supporting a blockade in Nandale, Mymensingh. The incident occurred
around 11 o'clock at the Mazar bus stand area in front of Anwar Hossain Khan Chowdhury
Women's College in the upazila.
- 94 -
BNP leaders and activists from the upazila had gathered at the residence of former BNP
Member of Parliament Khurram Khan Chowdhury since morning. Around 11 am, they
initiated a procession in support of the ongoing blockade. The police intervened and
halted the procession at the Mazaar bus stand on the Mymensingh-Kishorganj highway.
Despite police obstruction, BNP leaders and activists clashed with law enforcement. At
one point, police fired four rounds of tear gas, 15 rounds of rubber bullets, and live
ammunition to disperse the crowd. As a result, 45 activists sustained injuries, with 20 of
them admitted to various hospitals in Mymensingh district city.88
xix. 20 BNP Leaders and Workers Injured in Police Clash on Bogra-Rangpur

Highway in Gaibandha
On December 19, 2023, in Palashbari upazila of Gaibandha, a clash between police and
BNP leaders and workers resulted in injuries to 20 individuals. The incident occurred on
Tuesday afternoon on the Bogra-Rangpur highway.
BNP leaders and activists had gathered earlier in the day to support a strike. During their
march, a bus collided with their procession, leading to vandalism by some individuals in
response. Subsequently, police arrived at the scene and attempted to disperse the crowd
between 1 pm and 3 pm. The clash escalated with the police firing tear gas and shotguns,
resulting in injuries to at least 20 BNP activists.89
- 95 -
3.3. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO TORTURE BY DETECTIVE BRANCH (DB) OF POLICE
i. Expatriate Mohin Uddin Tortured by Detective Branch Police in Noakhali
On March 3, 2023, expatriate Mohin Uddin was brutally tortured by the Detective Branch
(DB) of Police in Noakhali. Mohin, who had returned from Dubai on February 11, had
delivered gold, a mobile phone, and a laptop for another expatriate to a representative in
Dhaka.
After a complaint from the expatriate that the items were not received, Noakhali District
DB SI Shariful Islam detained Mohin without a warrant, blindfolded him, and tortured
him. At the DB office, Mohin was forced to agree to pay Tk 6 lakh by March 20 under threat
of crossfire and sign blank papers. He was released after his family paid Tk 20,000, and
he was later hospitalized for treatment.90
- 96 -
3.4. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO TORTURE BY TRAFFIC POLICE
i. Auto-Rickshaw Passenger Mubarak Hossain Sumon Allegedly Tortured by

Traffic Police in Narayanganj
On the morning of April 15, 2023, Mubarak Hossain Sumon, a 35-year-old auto-rickshaw
passenger, was allegedly tortured by traffic police in front of his wife for protesting
against extortion. The incident unfolded in front of Dakbungalow in Narayanganj.
According to relatives, around 10:30 AM, Mubarak and his pregnant wife were traveling
towards the hospital in an auto-rickshaw when Traffic Police Constable Azad and two
community policing members intercepted them at Dakbungalow junction. They
demanded 100 BDT from the rickshaw driver. When Mubarak protested against this
demand, Constable Azad and the two community police officers reportedly started
beating him. During the altercation, Mubarak's clothes were torn, and his pregnant wife
became severely distressed witnessing the assault. She was immediately rushed to the
hospital, where she later gave birth in the afternoon under stressful conditions.91
ii. Alleged Torture of Bus Driver's Assistant by Traffic Police on Sirajganj-

Bogra Highway
On Thursday, June 22, 2023, a disturbing incident unfolded on the Sirajganj-Bogra

highway near the Royhati Jora Bridge area of Ghurka Union in Raiganj Upazila. Witnesses
reported that a bus driver's assistant bound for Rangpur was subjected to brutal
treatment by a traffic policeman without apparent cause. The assistant sustained severe
injuries to both legs as a result of being beaten with a stick.
91 https://www.ajkerpatrika.com/268737/চাঁদাবািজর-?িতবাদ-করায়-যুবকেক-পুিলেশর-মারধর%C2%A0
- 97 -
The incident caused a significant disruption, with bus passengers and local residents
surrounding the policeman in protest, leading to a prolonged traffic jam on the highway.
Eventually, the injured individual was transported to a hospital for medical attention.
This incident has raised serious concerns about police conduct and the need for
accountability in law enforcement actions.92
iii. Rickshaw Puller Tortured by Traffic Police Sparks Highway Blockade in

Savar, Dhaka
On January 23, 2023, Md. Nazmul, a rickshaw puller, was allegedly tortured by a traffic
police officer in Savar's Ashulia, sparking protests by rickshaw pullers and mobs who
blocked the Nabinagar-Chandra highway for about one and a half hours.
The incident occurred around 4:30 pm in the Bolibhadra area when Deputy Inspector Md.
Helal of the Dhaka District Traffic Police seized Nazmul's rickshaw, leading to an
argument and Helal reportedly striking Nazmul on the head with a wireless set. This act
of violence, which left Nazmul injured and requiring treatment at a nearby hospital,
prompted a crowd to protest by blocking the highway. Efforts to contact Inspector Helal
were unsuccessful, while Savar traffic police inspector Abul Hossain acknowledged the
incident but was attending a meeting in Dhaka. Azizul Hakim, Officer-in-Charge of Savar
Highway Police Station, confirmed the protests and the resulting traffic jam, stating that
attempts were being made to clear the road.93
iv. Traffic Police Allegedly Torture Young Man for Recording Extortion Video
in Dhaka's Jurain Area
"On November 25, 2023, a young man named Shanto was brutally tortured by traffic
police for recording a video showing extortion from vehicles in the Jurain area of the
capital, Dhaka. Shanto is currently admitted to the local South East Clinic with a broken
kneecap for treatment. The incident took place in the capital's Jurain railway line area
around 7 am on Saturday.
92https://www.kalbela.com/country-news/3305
93https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/1039123.details?fbclid=IwAR3-kdhlaopicNMHieV0SNCUgMh2aUk1LO-
5DAoPJxFCbo7-lAideWai3bE
- 98 -
Shanto recounted that in the morning, traffic police stopped a Ridea Paribahan vehicle on
the Jurain railway line. When he demanded a bribe from the driver, the driver offered him
500 BDT. However, the police officer refused to accept this amount. Later, the driver
apologized by touching the policeman's feet. Shanto proceeded to record a video on his
mobile phone, prompting Assistant Sub-Inspector (ASI) Nuruzzaman to take him to the
Jurain traffic box. There, ASI Nuruzzaman forcibly deleted the video from Shanto's mobile
phone. Subsequently, other traffic police officers arrived and assaulted him. As a result of
the assault, Shanto had to be admitted to the local South East Clinic to receive medical
treatment for broken kneecap.94
94 https://www.dhakatimes24.com/2023/11/25/332539
- 99 -
3.5. INJURY CAUSED DUE TO TORTURE BY VILLAGE POLICE
i. Former Union Parishad Chairman Assaulted by Village Police in Hakimpur
Former Boaldar Union Parishad Chairman Meftahul Jannat was assaulted by village police
in Hakimpur Upazila of Dinajpur on February 19. He is currently receiving treatment at
Hakimpur Upazila Health Complex.
According to local sources, village police officer Sudip Chandra had been cultivating a plot
of land measuring two and a half bigha belonging to Meftahul for an extended period.
Recently, it came to light that Sudip had encroached upon an additional one bigha of land
without Meftahul's knowledge. When the land was measured by an Amin, it was
determined that Sudip was cultivating one and a half bigha more than his entitlement.
During the land measurement process, an argument broke out between Meftahul and
Sudip. The altercation escalated when Sudip physically assaulted Meftahul, kicking and
pushing him into a mustard field. Local residents intervened, rescued the injured
chairman, and rushed him to a nearby hospital for treatment.95
95https://www.jagonews24.com/country/news/834603?fbclid=IwAR2pAuwrM8ESslPdf9IyEOCKQOpirm5wUTuFYw939Ex1L-
ZVU9uJ2FflHEM
- 100 -
3.6. POLICE TORTURE ON JOURNALISTS
i. Journalist Harassed by Police in Dhanmondi, Dhaka While Recording

Students Being Beaten
On February 12, 2024, journalist Khalilur Rahman Stalin of Dhaka Mail was harassed by
police in Dhanmondi while capturing pictures and videos of students being beaten up.
The incident occurred shortly after Khalil attended a Police Bureau Investigation (PBI)
press conference.
Eyewitness journalist Latif Rana reported that Khalil was documenting police beating
students and taking them away in a vehicle after the press conference. Khalil, performing
his professional duties, used his mobile phone to record the scene. A police officer
suddenly grabbed Khalil from behind, confiscated his ID card and phone, and attempted
to force him into a police vehicle without listening to his explanations that he was a
journalist. Enamul Kabir Rupam, a special correspondent from a private television
channel, intervened when he saw Khalil being taken away. Rupam questioned the police's
actions, prompting them to release Khalil. The situation escalated briefly when Rupam
pressed further for an explanation, causing the police to withdraw from the scene.96
ii. Journalist Zahirul Islam Beaten by Police in Dhaka While Reporting Live on
Gulshan Fire
On February 19, 2023, Zahirul Islam, an executive member of the Comilla Journalist
Forum, Dhaka (CJFD) and a correspondent for the daily Kaler Kantha, was subjected to
police brutality while performing his professional duties in the Gulshan area. Zahirul was
attacked and injured by a police officer from the Gulshan police station on Sunday night
96 https://www.jagonews24.com/mass-media/news/832651
- 101 -
while broadcasting live coverage of a fire in Gulshan-2 on the Facebook page of Kaler
Kantha. The officer, SI Haseeb, who is in charge of the Gulshan outpost, inflicted injuries
to Zahirul's head, chest, and face.
According to Zahirul, the incident occurred while he was broadcasting live from the
opposite side of the building affected by the fire. SI Haseeb confronted him, asking, "What
are you doing here?" When Zahirul replied that he was live on the Facebook page of Kaler
Kantha, the officer began beating him severely. During the assault, attempts were made
to confiscate his mobile phone and ID card. Seeking help, Zahirul ran to another police
officer standing nearby, which caused SI Haseeb to leave the scene.97
iii. At Least 10 Journalists Tortured by Police During Supreme Court Bar

Association Elections in Dhaka
On March 15, 2023, at least 10 journalists were tortured by police while performing their
professional duties during the Supreme Court Bar Association elections. The incident
took place in the auditorium of the Bar Association on Wednesday. Among the injured,
ATN News journalist Javed Akhtar is in critical condition and has been admitted to Dhaka
Medical College Hospital. Other injured journalists include Prothom Alo's senior
photojournalist Shubhra Kanti Das, Jago News' senior journalist Fazlul Haque, Ajker's
Noor Mohammad, Independent Television's Jannatul Ferdous, Baishakhi Television's
camera person Ibrahim Hossain, ATN Bangla's camera person Humayun Kabir, and
Manabzamin's Abdulsnah Al Maruf.
Journalist Noor Mohammad, who was beaten by the police, recounted, "I went to the
polling station after hearing the commotion around 12:30 in the afternoon. Awami
League and BNP lawyers were chanting slogans there. At one stage, the police started
beating the lawyers. When I went there to collect news, the police kicked me." He also
97 https://somoyjournal.com/news-post/24560/সাংবািদক-জিহUেলর-ওপর-পুিলশী-িনয8াতেন-িসেজএফিড%27র-িনDা
- 102 -
mentioned that voting was supposed to start at 10 am, but around 10:30 am, 20 to 30
policemen entered the polling station and kicked out the journalists.98
iv. Journalist Rabiul Islam Rubel Tortured by Police While Covering Fire at
New Super Market, Dhaka
On Saturday, April 15, 2023, around 10:30 AM, journalist Rabiul Islam Rubel, a staff
correspondent for Somoyer Kannthaswar, was allegedly beaten while covering a fire at
the New Super Market. The incident occurred under the Chandrima Supermarket.
98 https://www.jaijaidinbd.com/todays-paper/first-page/340797
- 103 -
According to Rabiul Islam Rubel, he was collecting news of the fire with his organization's
ID card hanging around his neck. During his coverage, he noticed police officers, fire
service members, and 3-4 individuals, presumably New Market traders, pulling a money
box. One person holding the cash box refused to relinquish it. As Rubel was recording
video footage of the scene, a policeman named Mahmudul approached him and
threatened to push him. Shortly after, another policeman arrived and began beating him.
Others joined in, escalating the assault. At one point, a policeman pushed Rubel back.
When he protested against being manhandled, another policeman grabbed him by the
collar and started beating him severely. Several others then joined in, punching and
kicking him randomly.99
v. Two Journalists Allegedly Assaulted by Police at Sadarghat, Dhaka
On October 27, at around 3 pm, journalists Atik Hasan Shubo from Bangla Tribune and
Zaid Hossain Mishu from Dainik Desh Rupantor were reportedly assaulted by Sutrapur
police at Sadarghat, Dhaka. The incident occurred during a routine check of passengers
from South Bengal, ahead of scheduled Awami League and BNP rallies on October 28.
Atiq Hasan Shubo recounted that as he tried to photograph the police conducting
searches, a confrontation ensued where police allegedly confiscated his phone and
physically assaulted him in front of OC Mainul Islam. Despite identifying themselves as
journalists, both reporters faced mistreatment, had their photos deleted, and were briefly
detained. Zaid Hossain Mishu confirmed the incident, stating that police targeted them
while they were covering the event and taking photographs. Their phones were seized,
and they were taken to a room where Shubo reportedly endured physical assault in the
presence of the OC.100
99 https://janobani.com/details/21862/21862?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR2c--FH2-
Bw5Jin6TLYRJv0Ka1eWlsrsZyCDrpr9Z2Vbt86sXILpw-pfqk_aem_AcUDRv21fpkWGcpr8O-oFFnufJJwGR5n1-oGCO-
cedIMhcLORqQEV-YTD9IBHPnhCge3gwk4D0DsQr6UjFbup-PU
100 https://www.deshrupantor.com/463200/sutrapur-thana-police-beat-and-harassed-
journalist?fbclid=IwAR3W5eiOYPGaXtZ2HZif4bYVqZ9md5_t4p_h2DGi9JFsizc9BeGs_jlITkU
- 104 -
vi. Journalist Assaulted by Police Constable While Reporting on Van Theft in
Madaripur
On December 8, 2023, around 9 pm, Md. Sohel Shikdar, a journalist representing Rajair
Upazila of Madaripur for Dainik Ganakanth, was assaulted by Police Constable Shaheen
while gathering information on a van theft in Madaripur. During his interview with a
victim to gather details on the matter, Police Constable Shaheen suddenly physically
assaulted Shikdar, grabbing his shirt collar and continuing the assault. Local residents
intervened, rescuing the injured journalist and transporting him to Rajoi Upazila Health
Complex for medical treatment.
Injured journalist Sohel Shikdar stated that Constable Shaheen's unprovoked verbal
abuse and physical assault resulted in injuries. Additionally, he reported that the
investigation center's in-charge attempted to suppress the matter by contacting Shikdar's
parents.101
vii. Journalist SM Monirul Islam Physically Assaulted and Threatened by Savar

Police, Dhaka
On December 13, 2023, an SI and a Constable from Savar Model Police Station assaulted
and threatened journalist SM Monirul Islam, a correspondent for a national newspaper.
The incident occurred in the Chapain Taltala area of Savar Sadar Union while Monirul was
having tea near his house. He intervened after hearing a neighbor woman cry out that her
husband was being taken away. SI Al Mamun Kabir and Constable Nazmul misbehaved
with Monirul, with the SI eventually grabbing his collar and, when Monirul protested,
beating, punching, and slapping him. The SI threatened to implicate Monirul in a drug
case if he spoke further.102
https://www.amadershomoy.com/country/article/87130/সাংবািদকেক-মারধর-করায়-পু
101
https://www.jugantor.com/country-news/751510/সাভাের-সাংবািদকেক-মারধর-কের-মাদক-মামলায়-ফাঁসােনার-
102
kমিক-পুিলেশর?fbclid=IwAR3tgprM-izcxBX8bPOcm_zrszXxBJe6fg68d3GYM1W38jiz3ImLTqUIW78
- 105 -
3.7. POLICE TORTURE ON LAWYERS
i. Alleged Police Torture of Pro-BNP Lawyers During Protest at Dhaka Chief

Metropolitan Magistrate Court Premises
On September 12, 2023, approximately 46 pro-BNP lawyers sustained injuries due to

alleged police torture during a protest march demanding the resignation of Prime
Minister Sheikh Hasina. The incident occurred on the premises of the Dhaka Chief
Metropolitan Magistrate (CMM) court.
The protest march commenced at the Dhaka Bar Association building and progressed
towards the main road in front of the court. Upon reaching the court area, the police
intercepted the march. When the lawyers sat down on the road, the police attempted to
disperse them, eventually resorting to baton-charging. Despite police efforts to halt their
progress, the pro-BNP lawyers persisted and positioned themselves at the main entrance
of the court. Among the injured were Mahbubur Rahman Khan, Dewan Ripon, Mojahidul
Islam Sayem, KM Miraz Hossain, Saidur Rahman Sohag, KM Barakat Sabuj, Mahbub Alam
Akhtar, Shafiqul Islam, Johirul Islam, Haji Md Mohsin, Kazi Ponir, and SM Humayun
Kabir.103
ii. Police Disperse Nationalist Lawyers Forum Protest in Faridpur, Arresting

Five Leaders
On October 29, 2023, the police intervened in a protest march organized by the
Nationalist Lawyers Forum in support of a strike called by the BNP in Faridpur. The
incident occurred in the Faridpur court square area on Sunday morning, where the police
dispersed the procession by using batons against the lawyers. Subsequently, five leaders
of the Lawyers Forum were arrest.
103 https://www.newagebd.net/article/212055/50-injured-as-police-pro-bnp-lawyers-clash
- 106 -
The five individuals arrested were identified as Ali Ashraf, President of Faridpur
Nationalist Lawyers Forum, Vice President Nazrul Islam, Joint Secretary Khosrul Alam
alias Khosru, Member Tarek Ayub Khan, and Zahidul Hasan, Legal Affairs Secretary of
Saltha Upazila BNP.104
iii. Alleged Torture of Advocate Ashiqur Rahman by Additional DIG in

Mymensingh
On Wednesday, June 14, 2023, Advocate Ashiqur Rahman, a member of the Mymensing
Advocate Bar Association, reported being subjected to torture by the Additional DIG of
Mymensingh Range at his office. The incident unfolded when Advocate Ashiqur Rahman
visited the office of Additional DIG Enamul Kabir to participate in a hearing regarding a
complaint filed against his brother. During the meeting, Enamul Kabir allegedly listened
to Rahman's statement about the complaint for an extended period.
104https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/district/numo8njx15?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR2jfmgdXC9KKWX1oiD
n0O4aIn4fBfKPq_NP_JhMNDyVnI6el9D3uS8ERtc_aem_ATyLfY53fzZpWaWKWVPCLuxsnjUHzTqFF5VwsIahsoM-
iMZjYLXUEdE7QOOpc8U0tK6MWGfBBiP29uOlFxznHOMv
- 107 -
However, the situation took a severe turn when the Additional DIG reportedly
commented on Rahman's posture and slapped him, despite Rahman identifying himself
as a lawyer. The assault did not end there, as Rahman further alleged that a constable
present in the office also struck him with a rod during the altercation.105
105 https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2023-06-16/JDHGLQNT
- 108 -
3.8. POLICE TORTURE ON TEACHERS
i. Police Torture on Teachers During Demonstration Demanding

Nationalization of Secondary Education in Dhaka
On July 17, 2023, tensions escalated outside the National Press Club as police lathi-
charged teachers who were peacefully demonstrating for the nationalization of
secondary education. The incident occurred during a continuous protest organized by
teachers demanding government action. According to Sheikh Kawshar Ahmed, General
Secretary of the Bangladesh Teachers' Association, several teachers sustained injuries
during the altercation.
Later in the afternoon, the scene remained tense with police taking a defensive stance.
Some teachers moved towards the north side of the road opposite the press club, while
others continued to protest in front of the club, questioning the rationale behind the
police action and demanding explanations for the crackdown.106
ii. Police Torture Students at Demonstration Protesting Teacher's Beating by

Traffic Police in Mymensingh
On January 23, 2023, a clash erupted between students and police in Mymensingh
following the beating of a teacher by traffic police at the Zilla School intersection. At least
10 students were injured. The incident began when an auto-rickshaw struck Sheikh
Shariful Alam, an assistant professor at Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam College. An argument
between Shariful and the driver escalated when a traffic policeman intervened and
assaulted him. Officers from Outpost Number 2 then arrested Shariful.
106 https://www.bvnews24.com/sohor-nogor/news/100953
- 109 -
According to Delwar Hossain Mukul, a professor at the college, 10 to 12 teachers managed
to secure Shariful's release. However, news of the incident spread among the students,
prompting them to march to the police station in protest. The police responded with
rubber bullets and tear gas, injuring at least nine students. 107
107 https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/697239.details
- 110 -
3.9. POLICE TORTURE ON GENERAL STUDENTS
i. Student Tortured by Policemen Sparks Protests in Cox's Bazar
On March 21, 2023, Jaber Mohammad Jisan, an SSC candidate, was severely injured after
being tortured by plainclothes policemen for protesting against their open beating of a
motorist at Eidgaon market in Cox's Bazar. The incident sparked anger among students,
leading to a protest on March 22 morning where they blocked the Chittagong-Cox's Bazar
highway, demanding justice for Jisan and punishment for the involved policemen.
Describing the ordeal, Jisan, who was admitted to Cox's Bazar Sadar Hospital for
treatment, recounted to Kal Kantha that he and a friend were on their way to buy
watermelon from the hostel when they witnessed policemen stopping a sand dump truck
and assaulting the driver, whom Jisan knew. When he protested against this, the officers
in plain clothes attacked him, leaving him unconscious.108
ii. Alleged Police Torture on Student of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

University of Science and Technology in Gopalganj
On the midnight of August 21, Tushar Hossain, an English department student at

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman University of Science and Technology
(Bashemurbiprobi) in Gopalganj, was allegedly physically assaulted by police at his
residence, while his wife, Tanima Parveen, a Sociology department student at the same
university, faced verbal abuse.
According to Tushar, despite identifying himself as a student, individuals in civil attire

and one in police uniform forcibly entered their home, verbally abused them, and
severely beat him, causing damage to the door and windows.
- 111 -
Dr. Md. Kamruzzaman, the university's Proctor, confirmed the incident and reported
contacting the police, who admitted visiting the house but denied assaulting Tushar,
despite visible injury marks on his body. Officer-in-Charge Muhammad Anichur Rahman
expressed regret, explaining the police were conducting an operation to apprehend an
individual named Rifat after a confrontation near Bangabandhu College and were
unaware that university students lived on the ground floor of the building.109
109 https://www.starsangbad.com/country/news/42783
- 112 -
3.10. POLICE TORTURE ON STUDENT LEADERS
i. Alleged Brutal Torture of Dhaka University Chhatra League Leaders by

police in Dhaka.
On the night of September 9, 2023, Central Organizing Secretary Anwar Hossain Naeem
and Central Science Affairs Secretary Sharif Ahmed Munim, both leaders of the Dhaka
University Chhatra League, were allegedly subjected to brutal torture by police personnel
led by ADC Harun Or Rashid of the Ramna Division, Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP).
The incident occurred at BIRDEM hospital, where a scuffle broke out between the Chhatra
League leaders and ADC Harun, who then summoned additional police and detained the
leaders at Shahbagh Police Station. There, they were reportedly beaten severely,
resulting in one being hospitalized and the other receiving first aid. Following university
proctorial intervention, the leaders were released. In response, ADC Harun was
reassigned to the DMP's riot control department, and DMP Commissioner Khandker
Golam Faruq confirmed a departmental investigation is underway.110
ii. Allegations of Torture on Chhatra League Vice-President in Police Custody

in Jhalkathi
110https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/adc-harun-withdrawn-after-beating-two-bcl-leaders-
police-station-3415401
- 113 -
On August 10, 2023, Abdul Khalek Hawladar, the vice-president of the District Chhatra
League, was having breakfast at a hotel near the district council when he intervened to
stop three individuals from abusing the hotel owner. When Ruhul Amin forbade them,
the three men disguised themselves as policemen and beat him up. Subsequently, he was
arrested. Amin's family alleges that he was subjected to torture during his time in police
custody, demanding his proper treatment and immediate release. However, Officer-in-
Charge Nasir Uddin Sarkar denied these allegations, stating that no such abuse occurred
at the police station.111
iii. Alleged Police Brutality and Extortion Incident on Student League Leader
in Narayanganj, Bangladesh
On August 16, 2023, Ashraful Islam Babu, a Chhatra League leader from Narayanganj, was
allegedly detained and assaulted by a police team led by ASI Labu at a checkpoint in
Sonadanga after refusing to pay a bribe of Tk. 2 lakh. Local residents intervened, and Babu
received initial treatment at Narayanganj General Hospital before being transferred to
DMK Hospital. His condition worsened, necessitating readmission to Pro Active Hospital
in Siddhirganj due to severe bleeding. Babu's brother, Chhota Bhai Manjil, condemned the
incident, asserting Babu was unfairly targeted and assaulted, with local residents alleging
habitual extortion and corruption within the police force. ASI Labu denied the
accusations, claiming Babu fled upon seeing the police and was injured later. Mohammad
Abu Bakar Siddique, OC of Bandar Police Station, visited Babu's family and facilitated his
admission to a private clinic. Babu was subsequently discharged from DMK Hospital with
no reported health issues.112
111 https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2023-08-13/zw0utOxT
112 https://www.narayanganjtimes.com/outsite-city/bandar/20385
- 114 -
3.11. POLICE TORTURE ON FARMERS
i. Two Farmers Allegedly Brutally Tortured by Police in Saltha Police Station

Custody, Faridpur
On April 2, 2023, two elderly farmers from Baila village in Gatti Union of Saltha Upazila,
Faridpur, were allegedly tortured by police while in custody at the Saltha police station.
The victims, Abdul Haq Khan, 70, and Abdul Quddus Molla, 65, were reportedly arrested
without a warrant that night.
After breaking his fast with Iftar, Quddus Molla heard a commotion in a neighboring
village and stepped out to investigate. He was immediately apprehended by the police
and taken to the Saltha police station. Upon arrival, the Officer-in-Charge (OC) allegedly
forced him to lie down in custody, known locally as the Garad Khana, and beat him
severely. Similarly, Abdul Haq Khan recounted his experience of being taken to the police
station by SI Mizan, who forced him to stand against a wall and beat him from behind.
When Abdul Haq could no longer stand, he was laid flat and subjected to further beatings
on his back. The farmers reported that seven to eight other individuals, including four
teenagers aged fourteen to fifteen, were also detained and tortured that night. Both Abdul
Haq and Quddus alleged that they were threatened by the police to remain silent about
the torture, with warnings of re-arrest and further brutality if they disclosed details in
court.113
ii. Alleged Torture of Farmer in Shibchar Police Station Custody, Madaripur
On July 9th, Akman Madbar, a farmer from Char village in Shibchar, Madaripur, was
among four individuals arrested in a case. While three were held in jail, Akman was
reportedly taken to Sub-Inspector Noor Mohammad's room on the second floor of the
police station, where he alleges he endured brutal torture. This incident follows his
113 https://www.jagonews24.com/country/news/845205
- 115 -
implication in a court case involving a land dispute with a neighbor, during which he
claims collusion between the plaintiff and police led to his unjust detention and abuse.
Akman's ordeal included having his left arm broken after being forced under a bench and
beaten with a stick. He further alleges that he was coerced into urinating, only to have it
used against him by the police. Moreover, he claims to have faced verbal abuse and
threats of violence if he disclosed the torture to anyone.114
iii. Farmer Siraj Uddin Brutally Tortured by Police in Pakundia Upazila,

Kishoreganj
Siraj Uddin (45), son of Ashrab Ali and former president of Ward No. 5 of Patuavhanga
Union, Pakundia Upazila, Kishoreganj District, was allegedly brutally tortured by police
on the night of March 26, 2023. According to reports, Siraj Uddin was returning home
from inspecting irrigation work in a Boro crop field in the Mahisharberd area when a
police team of 5-6 officers, led by Nurul Islam from the Ahutia Investigation Center in
Pakundia Upazila, intercepted him.
114 https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2023-07-16/L1HtVIY1
- 116 -
They accused him of involvement in gambling, which Siraj Uddin vehemently protested
against. When he tried to retrieve money from his pocket to prove his innocence, the
police team reportedly subjected him to severe beating. As a result, Siraj Uddin collapsed
unconscious on the ground. Allegedly, the police then left him in a secluded location.
Concerned about his whereabouts, his relatives eventually found him late that night and
rushed him to Zahurul Islam Medical College Hospital in critical condition.115
115 https://www.jugantor.com/country-news/659566/bবােরােখত-েদখেত-িগেয়-পুিলিশ-িনয8াতেন-JUতর-আহত-আ.লীগ-
bনতার-েছেল
- 117 -
3.12. POLICE TORTURE ON CHILDREN
i. Child Laborer Allegedly Tortured by Traffic Police in Chittagong
On Sunday, June 11, 2023, around 11 a.m., Babu, a child laborer, was allegedly subjected
to torture by a traffic police constable near the Tigerpass police box in Chittagong. The
incident reportedly occurred because Babu was accused of stealing a lighter. The young
boy, who works on a daily wage basis in a shop near the traffic box and resides in the
nearby Railway Colony, was beaten by Constable Shaukat, who serves as a rake driver in
the traffic department of the Chittagong Metropolitan Police (CMP).
Eyewitnesses recounted that Constable Shaukat entered the shop and began slapping the
child repeatedly while smoking a cigarette. Despite the child's cries and the locals' pleas
for him to stop, the constable continued the assault. According to Babu, the policeman
beat him for allegedly taking a lighter from the police box, which Babu insisted he did not
take.116
https://bangla.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news-
116
486781?fbclid=IwAR3CG686uP80e92AHCqVhlc808pnmJX5wnR8eXg2r-fAkhxKw3T8SqKieig
- 118 -
4. LEGAL REMEDY
4.1. POLICE IN JAIL CUSTODY DUE TO ALLEDGE TORTURE
i. Former Sonargaon Police Officials Sent to Jail Over Alleged Torture of Cloth
Trader in Narayanganj
On March 12, 2023, Two former police officials from Sonargaon Police Station in
Narayanganj have been sent to jail after surrendering to the court in a case involving the
alleged torture of a cloth trader. The accused, former OC Morshed Alam and Sub-
Inspector Sadhan Kumar Basak, were remanded to custody by the Narayanganj District
and Sessions Judge court. The case, filed under the Custodial Death Act, accuses the
officials of physically and mentally abusing their power. The plaintiff, Anisur Rahman
Alamgir, claimed that the police demanded money from him after subjecting him to
torture, and has since been facing threats against his family.
The incident, which occurred on October 7, 2018, involved the abduction of Anisur
Rahman Alamgir and Jahidul Islam Shopon, a former MP's assistant and Jubo League
leader, from Duttapara area to Sonargaon Police Station. Allegations state that both
officials subjected the victims to inhuman torture, resulting in Alamgir losing
consciousness and requiring medical attention. Following the incident, a case was filed
against the two police officials, leading to their surrender and subsequent detention
pending trial.117
117https://www.observerbd.com/news.php?id=410867&fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR31R46FXDjOhXwRa1Y1b0k_xyK
DGERHBAAo6GDvMnqafuqLRKwW6oNjhw8_aem_ATwZkJPPi_VOTOI_xNvqAybbv40p2IshyXtkaYRRjqWpQf4KN4nyIOD
O4-Jggb03gVPanDUV4AoBcqTqZoIhOgqB
- 119 -
4.2. CASE FILED AGAINST POLICE DUE TO ALLEDGE TORTURE
i. Father of Deceased Chatradal Leader Alleges Custodial Death; Files Case

Against Former Commissioner and Officers
On February 6, 2023, Yakub Ali, the father of a deceased Nationalist Chhatra Dal leader,
alleged that his son was killed in a gunfight while in police custody. He filed a case against
the Former Commissioner of Dhaka Metropolitan Police, along with 15 police officers,
including Asaduzzaman Mia, under Section 15(2) of the Torture and Custodial Deaths
(Prevention) Act, 2013.
The complaint was recorded by Dhaka Metropolitan Sessions Court Judge Asaduzzaman,
who stated that he would issue an order regarding the case at a later time. The deceased,
Johnny, was the General Secretary of Chhatra Dal Khilgaon Police Station. According to
the police, he was killed in a gunfight on January 20, 2015, in Dhaka's Khilgaon area. Prior
to his death, Johnny had been arrested by the police.118
ii. Businessman Files Case Against Senior Dhaka Police Officer for Alleged
Torture and Coercion
On 14 February 2023, Atiqur Rahman, a garment trader from Uttara, filed a case against
four individuals, including a senior officer of the Dhaka Metropolitan Intelligence Police,
for allegedly 'torturing' him and 'forcefully making him sign' 76 checks during an
interrogation in police custody. The case was filed under the Prevention of Torture and
Death in Custody Act in the Dhaka Metropolitan Sessions Judge's Court.
118 https://shampratikdeshkal.com/law-court/news/2302102790/বDুকযুেE-ছাmদল-েনতা-িনহত-১৫-পুিলশ-কম8কত8 ার-

িবUেE-মামলা
- 120 -
Additional Deputy Commissioner of the Cyber and Special Crime Division (North) of the
Detective Branch (DB), Nazmul Haque, has been named as an accused in the case. The
other accused are DB Inspector Saiful Islam, Saidur Rahman Habib of Jaleshwar, Savar,
and Mukarram Hossain Jimi of House No. 8, Road No. 2/1, Sector No. 11, Uttara. The
petition accuses the police officials of 'abuse of power,' while the other defendants are
accused of 'deception under the guise of business' as 'associates of police officers.119
119https://bangla.bdnews24.com/bangladesh/w9lbj9hbn2?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR0UksAvsUY0rE5jdsocfA3wIrec
mUdnqu4uunKe_0McS-CE0-3dSNzExf8_aem_AYtU3Hh55HYhT3jKvZ-
6fEIIRWdEVbU6pfUSSPKNiPjlb0Bf0OO8IYriwW3xwBmXDQH7Tv9MX9JGeAMyEXXvl7D7
- 121 -
CHAPTER D: CONCLUTION
1. RECOMMENDATIONS TO ADDRESS THE VIOLENCE

i. Strengthening Legal Frameworks and Enforcement
Amend and Strengthen Legislation: Amend existing laws and introduce new
legislation to clearly define and prohibit all forms of torture and extrajudicial
killings. Ensure these laws align with international human rights standards, such
as the UN Convention Against Torture.
Ensure Effective Implementation: Enforce stringent implementation of

existing legal frameworks that prohibit torture and extrajudicial killings. Provide
adequate training to law enforcement personnel on human rights and the legal
implications of violating these rights.
ii. Enhancing Accountability and Oversight
Establish Independent Oversight Bodies: Create independent oversight

bodies with the authority to investigate complaints against law enforcement
agencies. These bodies should be empowered to conduct thorough investigations
and recommend disciplinary actions or prosecutions.
Promote Transparency and Accountability: Ensure all incidents of torture

and extrajudicial killings are transparently reported and investigated.
Implement a system for publicly reporting the outcomes of investigations and
any disciplinary actions taken.
iii. Providing Support and Remedies for Victims
Ensure Access to Justice: Facilitate access to justice for victims of torture and
extrajudicial killings. Provide legal aid and support to help victims and their
families file criminal cases against perpetrators.
Offer Medical and Psychological Support: Establish support mechanisms to

provide medical and psychological assistance to victims of torture and their
families. Develop rehabilitation programs to aid in the recovery of physical and
psychological trauma.
iv. Building Institutional Capacity
Enhance Training Programs: Develop comprehensive training programs for

law enforcement personnel focused on human rights, non-violent conflict
resolution, and the ethical use of force. Ensure regular updates and refresher
courses.
- 122 -
Promote Community Policing: Implement community policing initiatives to
build trust between law enforcement agencies and local communities. Encourage
law enforcement to engage with community leaders and members to address
grievances and improve cooperation.
v. Fostering National and International Collaboration
Engage with International Bodies: Strengthen collaboration with international

human rights organizations and bodies, such as the United Nations, to receive
guidance and support in addressing human rights violations.
Adopt Best Practices: Learn from best practices and successful models from
other countries that have effectively reduced instances of torture and
extrajudicial killings. Adapt and implement these practices within the
Bangladeshi context.
vi. Promoting Awareness and Education
Raise Public Awareness: Conduct nationwide awareness campaigns to inform

citizens about their rights and the legal avenues available to address human
rights violations. Use various media platforms to disseminate information.
Integrate Human Rights Education: Integrate human rights education into the
national curriculum at all levels. Educate students about the importance of
human rights, the rule of law, and the need for accountability in law enforcement.
vii. Ensuring Political Will and Commitment
Garner Political Support: Advocate for strong political commitment to human

rights from all levels of government. Encourage political leaders to publicly
denounce torture and extrajudicial killings and support refor.
Monitor and Evaluate Progress: Establish mechanisms to regularly monitor

and evaluate the progress of reforms aimed at reducing torture and extrajudicial
killings. Use this data to inform policy adjustments and improvements.
The End
- 123 -
Appeal:
We urge all of you to generously support financially, whether institutionally or individually, with large
amounts or small, at once or regularly, to continue our monitoring, documenting, publishing, and
advocating for addressing the human rights violation in Bangladesh.
Acknowledgement
Edited by:

Founder President
http://shahanur.blogspot.com
Photo Credits:
JMBF

www.jmbf.org
Copyright © JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMBF), 2024. All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
- 124 - without the prior permission of JMBF.

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Defending Human Rights, Fighting for Social Justice

ANNUAL REPORT 2023

STATE OF TORTURE &

JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMBF)

Published at & on:

Copyright © JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMBF), 2024. All rights reserved. No

The JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMBF) is an independent

The overall objective of JMBF is to contribute to the defense, promotion, education,

Specific Objectives of JMBF:

IV. Ensuring education, awareness, training, and dissemination of information

V. Ensuring access to support from human rights organizations for victims of

VI. Sensitizing on specific issues of human rights violations, conducting lobbying,

CHAPTER B : EXECUTIVE SUMMERY

2. Torture and Extrajudicial Killings

4. Torture & Gun Shooting

CHAPTER C: CASE STUDY

2. Injury Caused Due to Gunshot

3. Injury Caused Due to Torture

1. Recommendations to Address the Violence 122

Dear Friends, Colleagues, and Supporters,

I am honored to present to you the Annual

Despite constitutional prohibitions,

Advocate Shahanur Islam

Constitutional Safeguards: The Constitution of Bangladesh is the fundamental pillar for

Institutional Mechanisms: Several institutions are tasked with preventing and

While Bangladesh has a comprehensive legal framework to address torture and

Particularly alarming were politically

Additionally, garment factory workers

Although the Constitution of the People's

2.1. TOTAL INCIDENTS

In 2023, JusticeMakers Bangladesh in France (JMB) meticulously documented 148

Torture and Extra-judicial Killings in 2023

Number of Incidents Number of Victims

Violence-wise Incident Ratio 2023

Death Physical Injury Others

Death Physical Injury Other

2.2. VICTIMS GENDER PROFILES

Gender-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023

Number of Incident Number of Victim

Gender-wise Incident Female

Male Female Male Female

2.3. VICTIMS GEOGRAPHIC PROFILES

Division-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023

Number of Incidents Number of Victims

Division-wise Incident Ratio, 2023

Dhaka Chittagong Rajshahi Khulna Sylhet Rangpur Barisal Mymensing

Division-wise Victim Ratio, 2023

Dhaka Chittagong Rajshahi Khulna Sylhet Rangpur Barisal Mymensing

Sylhet Division documented 5% of incidents but saw disproportionately high

Political Party-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023

Number of Incident Number of Victim

Political Party-wise Incident Ratio, 2023

BNP AL Other Non-Political

BNP AL+ Other Non-Political

Non-political individuals experienced 58% of incidents, with 20% of these individuals

2.5. VICTIMS PROFESSIONAL PROFILES

In 2023, different professional individuals were targeted by law enforcement agencies.

Profession-wise Incidents and Victims, 2023

Number of Incident Number of Victim

Profession-wise Incident Ratio, 2023

Politician Farmer Garments Worker Student Businessman Lawyer Journalist Unknwon

Profession-wise Victim Ratio, 2023

Politician Farmer Garments Worker Student Businessman Lawyer Journalist Unknwon

Students were targeted in 9% of incidents, with 1% of individuals victimized.