CE 315

DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES-I

Design for Flexure_Doubly_USD

By
Dr. Md. Naimul Haque

Department of Civil Engineering

East West University
INTRODUCTION

 If a beam cross section is limited because of architectural or other

considerations, it may happen that concrete cannot develop the
compression force required to resist the given bending moment.

 In this case, reinforcing steel bars are added in the compression zone,
resulting in a so-called doubly reinforced beam, that is one with
compression as well as tension reinforcement.
Doubly Reinforced Beam Section
Other Advantages

 It has been found that the inclusion of some compression steel has the
following advantages-

 It reduces the long-term deflections (creep) of members.

 It sets a minimum limit on bending loading.
 It acts as stirrup-support bars continuous through out the beam
span.
 For continuous beam having both positive and negative moments
exists.
 INTRODUCTION

 In figure, positive moments exist

at A and C. therefore, the main
tensile reinforcement would be
placed in the bottom of the beam.
 At B, a negative moment exists and the bottom of the beam is in
compression. The tensile reinforcement, therefore, must be placed near the
top of the beam.
Tension Steel at B

Tension Steel at A Tension Steel at C

CONDITION 1 : Tension & Compression Steel both at Yield Stress

Cross Strain at
Ultimate Concrete-Steel Steel-Steel
Section Couple Couple
Moment
CONDITION 1 : Tension & Compression Steel both at Yield Stress
Notation for Doubly Reinforced Beam
To calculate fs, it is
necessary to find c
To find the location of Neutral Axis

How, to Check whether Compression Steel Yields or Not?

If ρ≥ ρcy is then, compression steel yields, but if ρ<ρcy then

compression steel doesn’t yield.
 Start No
ρ≥ Yes

Compression steel
yielded, fs’ = fy

Calculate, εt from (ρ-ρ’)

Calculate, εt from (ρ-ρ’*fs’/fy) Adjust, Ø

Adjust, Ø

No Yes

End

End fs
 CONTROLS

OK
Check if the Compression steel yields
f c' d '  u
cy  0.85 1  '
f y d u   y

4 2.5 0.003
cy  0.85 * 0.85  '
60 23 0.003  60
29000
cy  0.0169  0.0043  0.02117
Therefore,
  cy so compressive steel yields.
Check if the tensile steel yields
 CONTROLS

OK
Check if the Compression steel yields
f c' d '  u
cy  0.85 1  '
f y d u   y
4 2.5 0.003
cy  0.85 * 0.85  '
60 16 0.003  60
29000

cy  0.0243  0.0104  0.0347

Therefore,   
cy so compressive steel doesn’t yields.
 c  2.5
5 * 60  0.85 * 0.85 * 4 *12 * c  2 * 0.003 * 29000 *
c
C = 5.8 in
Check if the tensile steel yields
EXAMPLE 03
EXAMPLE 03 : SOLUTION
Check the capacity of the section if singly reinforced.
EXAMPLE 03 : SOLUTION

The remaining moment to be carried by the

compression steel couple is-
EXAMPLE 03 : SOLUTION
Check the capacity of the section if singly reinforced.
EXAMPLE 03 : SOLUTION
Determine the steel areas.
EXAMPLE 03 : SOLUTION
The Required Steel Area.
1. Design of Concrete Structures 14th Editionby Arthur
Nilson (Author), David Darwin (Author), Charles Dolan
(Author), McGraw-Hill Education; 14 edition (July 10,
2009).

2. Lecture Notes prepared under HEQEP Project, CUET.