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BS1139-2.2-1991
BS1139-2.2-1991
Metal scaffolding —
Part 2: Couplers —
© BSI 12-1998
First published, as BS 1139,
November 1943
Second edition November 1951
Third edition June 1964
Fourth edition, as BS 1139-2,
September 1982 Amendments issued since publication
Fifth edition, as BS 1139-2.2,
January 1991
Amd. No. Date of issue Comments
Contents
Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword ii
1 Scope 1
2 Definitions 1
3 Materials 1
4 Aluminium tensile strength, castings and hinge pins 2
5 Suitability of fittings 2
6 Fittings for close-jointed tubes 2
7 Design of fittings 2
8 Tests on fittings 2
9 Right angle couplers made of aluminium 2
10 Swivel couplers made of aluminium 2
11 Putlog couplers 4
12 Joint pins 4
13 Sleeve couplers made of aluminium 4
14 Reveal pins 4
15 Putlogs 5
16 Putlog ends 5
17 Base-plates 5
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18 Adjustable base-plates 6
19 Detachable castors 6
20 Toe board clips 6
21 Finish 6
Figure 1 — Test for distortion of right angle coupler made of aluminium 3
Figure 2 — Test for slip of right angle coupler made of aluminium 3
Figure 3 — Test for distortion of swivel coupler made of aluminium 3
Figure 4 — Test for slip of swivel coupler made of aluminium 4
Figure 5 — Rig for slip tests on putlog couplers made of
aluminium or steel 5
Figure 6 — Test for bending putlog end 6
Publications referred to Inside back cover
© BSI 12-1998 i
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
Foreword
This Section of BS 1139 has been prepared under the direction of the Civil
Engineering and Building Structures Standards Policy Committee (CSB/-).
Together with BS 1139-2.1:1990 it supersedes BS 1139-2:1982, which is
withdrawn.
This Section covers couplers and fittings not included in BS 1139-2.1 and the
requirements include those in BS 1139-2:1982. Progress is being made towards a
full revision of these requirements, but as the major part of BS 1139-2 is
superseded by BS 1139-2.1, it was deemed helpful to users to republish the
remainder with the superseded text omitted. A new edition of Section 2.2
incorporating additional couplers and fittings will be published when the revised
requirements have been finalized.
The revision of BS 1139-2 comprises two Sections:
Section 2.1 Specification for steel couplers, loose spigots and base-plates for
use in working scaffolds and falsework made of steel tubes. This standard is
identical with EN 74 and covers the following couplers and fittings made of
ferrous metals only:
Right angle couplers
Swivel couplers
Sleeve couplers
Loose spigots
Parallel couplers
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Base-plates
Section 2.2 Specification for steel and aluminium couplers, fittings and
accessories for use in tubular scaffolding. The products covered and their
requirements are listed elsewhere in this standard. The strength
requirements are given in SI units in accordance with current practice.
BS 1139 is now published in separate Parts and Sections as follows.
— Part 1: Tubes;
— Section 1.1: Specification for steel tube;
— Section 1.2: Specification for aluminium tube;
— Part 2: Couplers;
— Section 2.1: Specification for steel couplers, loose spigots and base-plates for
use in working scaffolds and falsework made of steel tubes (Identical
with EN 74);
— Section 2.2: Specification for steel and aluminium couplers, fittings and
accessories for use in tubular scaffolding;
— Part 3: Specification for prefabricated access and working towers;
— Part 4: Specification for prefabricated steel splitheads and trestles;
— Part 51): Specification for materials, dimensions, design loads and safety
requirements for service and working scaffolds made of prefabricated elements
(Identical with HD 1000).
1)
In preparation
ii © BSI 12-1998
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
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Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv,
pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.
iv
blank
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
1 Scope 2.7
putlog
This Section of BS 1139 specifies requirements for
new steel and aluminium alloy couplers and fittings a tube or other member spanning from a horizontal
for use with scaffolding used as temporary member bearing on the wall of a building
structures on which persons work and which 2.8
provide support for the plant and materials used in putlog coupler
building, constructional, maintenance, repair and
a coupler used for fixing a putlog or transom to a
demolition work.
ledger
This British Standard does not cover any of the
2.9
following couplers and fittings which are made of
putlog end
rolled steel, forged steel, malleable cast iron or cast
steel. a specially formed end of a putlog, or a fitting for
Base-plates attaching to a tube, for locating the member in a
joint of a wall
Loose spigots
2.10
Parallel couplers
reveal pin
Right angle couplers
a fitting used for tightening a tube between two
Sleeve couplers opposing surfaces
Swivel couplers 2.11
The couplers and fittings listed above are covered in scaffolding
BS 1139-2.1:1990 which is identical with EN 74.
a temporary structure on which persons work, and
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NOTE The titles of the publications referred to in this standard which provides support for the plant and materials
are listed on the inside back cover.
used in building, constructional, maintenance,
2 Definitions repair and demolition work
© BSI 12-1998 1
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
All fittings shall be capable of complying with this A right angle coupler made of aluminium shall be
Section when used with all types of tube that comply capable of passing the following tests.
with Section 1.1 or 1.2 of this standard, unless the
a) Test for distortion. The coupler, connecting two
supplier states that they are suitable for use only
tubes at right angles and suitably prevented from
with certain types of tube.
slip-ping on the vertical tube, as shown in
Figure 1, shall be capable of supporting, without
6 Fittings for close-jointed tubes distortion, a load of 29.8 kN applied to the
Fittings which are intended for use with horizontal tube.
close-jointed tubes (see note) and which rely upon a b) Test for slip. The coupler connecting two tubes
frictional grip on the external surface of the tube at right angles, as shown in Figure 2 shall be
shall have a grip extending over not less than 75 % capable of sustaining a load of 12.4 kN applied to
of the circumference of the tube. They shall not exert the horizontal tube. During this test the coupler
a frictional grip on the internal surface of the tube. shall not rotate through an angle exceeding 10°
NOTE Steel close-jointed tube is no longer included in from the horizontal.
BS 11391-1.
In carrying out the tests described in a) and b), the
7 Design of fittings coupler shall be tested with each gripping surface in
turn subjected to distortion and slip respectively
All fittings shall be designed for fixing in the normal and with the test load applied successively in
manner for service as part of a scaffold. The reverse directions for each coupler position.
maximum force applied to fittings, when in use,
shall not exceed 6.25 kN except where a greater load 10 Swivel couplers made of aluminium
is specified by the manufacturer.
NOTE For information on the safe working loads for specific
A swivel coupler made of aluminium shall be
types of coupler, reference should be made to Table 17 of designed and constructed so that the swivelling
BS 5973:1990 and Table 24 of BS 5975:1982. faces are smooth and in sufficiently close contact to
The various parts of the couplers and fittings shall prevent the connecting pin being subjected to
be firmly attached to each other unless the design bending stresses. This requirement, however, shall
precludes this and it is impossible for the coupler or not prohibit a washer of adequate bearing area
fitting under load to remain in position on the tubes being interposed between the faces of the coupler,
without all its parts. provided it is an exact fit on the pin and the coupler
is not rendered less efficient by the use of the
washer. The pin connecting the two parts of a swivel
coupler shall be of steel and not less than 15.9 mm
in diameter.
2 © BSI 12-1998
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
A swivel coupler shall be capable of passing the b) Test for slip. The coupler, connecting two tubes
following tests. at 45° angle as shown in Figure 4, shall be
a) Test for distortion. The coupler, connecting two capable of sustaining a load of 12.4 kN applied to
tubes at 45° angle and suitably prevented from the vertical tube. During this test the coupler
slipping on both tubes as shown in Figure 3, shall shall not rotate through an angle greater
be capable of supporting, without distortion, a than 10° from the horizontal.
load of 14.9 kN. In carrying out the tests described in a) and b), the
coupler shall be tested with each gripping surface in
turn subjected to distortion and slip respectively
and with the test load applied successively in
reverse directions for each coupler position.
© BSI 12-1998 3
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
11 Putlog couplers The shear strength of the joint pin shall be not less
than 80 % of that of a steel tube complying with
The grip afforded by a putlog coupler shall offer
BS 1139-1.1.
adequate resistance to horizontal slip or accidental
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NOTE Joint pins are not intended for use in positions where
displacement of a putlog. they will be subject to bending stresses or axial tension.
A putlog coupler shall be capable of passing the
following test. 13 Sleeve couplers made of aluminium
Test for slip. The coupler, connecting two tubes at A sleeve coupler shall be self-centring when
right angles as shown in Figure 5, and assembled plain-ended tubes are being joined so that an equal
as recommended by the manufacturer, shall be length of the sleeve shall engage both the tubes
capable of sustaining a load of 1.2 kN applied to connected by the sleeve.
the horizontal putlog or transom. It shall have, in every position, a resistance to
NOTE A putlog coupler should be of such a shape as to be bending at least equal to that of any tube of the
readily distinguishable from a right angle coupler.
types for use with which the sleeve coupler is
12 Joint pins intended to be suitable (see clause 5).
When used in tension, it shall resist, without
A joint pin shall be self-centring so that in both the
slipping, an axial load of not less than 6.2 kN.
tubes which it connects an equal length of pin shall
engage with each of the tubes. 14 Reveal pins
Compliance with the above requirement shall be
achieved by means of an annular projection The end of the reveal pin remote from the tube shall
encircling the joint pin at mid-point. This projection provide a bearing surface perpendicular to and
shall provide an even bearing surface for the end of concentric with its axis and having a minimum
any tube which has been cut cleanly and squarely width of 48.3 mm.
and which otherwise complies with BS 1139-1.1 The means of varying the distance between the
or BS 1139-1.2. The bearing surface shall not, under surface bearing against the end of a tube and the
normal loading, tend to bulge or otherwise distort end of the reveal pin shall enable adjustments of
the end of any tube with which it is in contact. this distance to be made readily, smoothly and with
Each spigot of a joint pin shall extend not less infinite variation within the limits of adjustment of
than 76 mm on the internal surface of any tube the reveal pin.
which complies with this standard and shall provide The design of the adjustable portion of the reveal pin
an effective bearing area. shall be such that, when under load, the adjustment
Each spigot shall be capable of being expanded cannot be altered by the action of the load or by
within a tube with which it is engaged so as to vibration.
provide an adequate grip between the tube and the
joint pin.
4 © BSI 12-1998
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
Figure 5 — Rig for slip tests on putlog couplers made of aluminium or steel
A reveal pin shall be capable of passing the following Putlog ends shall be considered to be subject to
test. bending, bearing or shear stresses only and shall
Test for deflection and slip. A steel tube 1.8 m not be required to transmit axial pulls or thrusts.
long complying with BS 1139-1.1 and fitted with Detachable putlog ends shall be provided with
the reveal pin shall be placed horizontally so that means of securing them to the putlog without risk of
05:48, (c) BSI
© BSI 12-1998 5
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
If provided with holes they shall be 6.35 mm The eccentricity of the centreline of the wheel
diameter, situated diametrically opposite each other relative to the axis of swivel shall not exceed 64 mm.
at a distance of not less than 50 mm from the centre When requested by the purchaser castors shall be
of the plate, and not less than 19 mm from the edge provided with an effective wheel brake that cannot
of the plate. be accidentally released.
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6 © BSI 12-1998
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
BS 1139-2.2:1991
Publications referred to
2) Obsolescent
© BSI 12-1998
Licensed copy: Hong Kong Polytechnic Library, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Version correct as of 24/03/2009
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